Axle connection for a vehicle axle and axle plate therefor
阅读说明：本技术 用于车轴的轴连接部以及为此的轴板 (Axle connection for a vehicle axle and axle plate therefor ) 是由 R·伊利夫 M·米科尔斯 于 2020-03-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种用于车轴的轴连接部,所述轴连接部具有轴臂、与所述轴臂在所述轴臂的下侧或上侧上相交的、优选管状的轴身、轴板(9)以及牵拉元件,用于在中间放置所述轴板(9)的情况下使轴身和轴臂彼此相对牵拉,所述轴板(9)面对所述轴身地具有轮廓(5),所述轮廓至少局部地对应于所述轴身(1)的与所述轮廓对置的外轮廓地构造,面对所述轴臂的下侧或上侧地具有由接触所述下侧或上侧的面区段构成的贴靠区域(10),开口(15)处于所述面区段之间。为了通过改变轴连接部部件的间距达到较小的行驶高度,所述开口(15)的宽度等于或大于所述轴臂的下侧或上侧在贴靠区域(10)中的宽度。(The invention relates to a shaft connection for a vehicle axle, comprising an axle arm, a preferably tubular axle body intersecting the axle arm on the lower or upper side of the axle arm, an axle plate (9), and a pulling element for pulling the axle body and the axle arm relative to each other with the axle plate (9) in between, wherein the axle plate (9) has a contour (5) facing the axle body, which is configured at least partially corresponding to the outer contour of the axle body (1) opposite the contour, wherein the lower or upper side facing the axle arm has an abutment region (10) formed by a surface section contacting the lower or upper side, and wherein an opening (15) is located between the surface sections. In order to achieve a smaller height of travel by changing the distance between the axle connection parts, the width of the opening (15) is equal to or greater than the width of the lower or upper side of the axle arm in the contact region (10).)
1. Shaft connection for a vehicle axle, having an axle arm (2), a preferably tubular axle body (1) intersecting the axle arm (2) on the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) thereof, an axle plate (9) between the axle body (1) and the axle arm (2), and having a pulling element (7) for pulling the axle body (1) and the axle arm (2) against one another with the axle plate (9) in between, the axle plate (9)
-facing the axle body (1) having a contour (5) which is configured at least partially in accordance with an outer contour of the axle body (1) opposite the contour,
-facing the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) of the shaft arm (2) there is an abutment region (10) formed by surface sections (11, 12) contacting the lower or upper side (2A or 2B), between which an opening (15) is situated,
characterized in that the width of the opening (15) is greater than or equal to the width of the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) of the axle arm (2) in the contact region (10).
2. A shaft connection according to claim 1, characterized in that side parts (13A, 13B) are provided on both sides of the contact region (10), which side parts project perpendicularly to the contact region (10) and each extend along the opening (15) and at least along a partial length of the surface sections (11, 12).
3. A shaft connection according to claim 2, characterized in that the side parts (13A, 13B) together with the face sections (11, 12) form a channel for supporting the shaft arm (2) vertically and laterally.
4. A shaft connection according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component of the shaft arm (2) is a collecting plate (29) on which the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) is constructed.
5. A shaft connection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shortest distance between the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) of the shaft arm (2) and the outer contour of the shaft body (1) is not more than 7.5mm, preferably between 3mm and 7.5 mm.
6. A shaft connection according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaft body (1) is a circular shaft body, the contour (5) consisting of a shell contour provided on a uniform circle for supporting the circular shaft body, and the shortest distance of the circle from a plane defined by the face sections (11, 12) being not more than 5mm, preferably between 0.5mm and 5 mm.
7. A shaft connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pin (9A) is provided on one of the surface sections (11, 12), which engages in a form-locking manner into a corresponding recess of the shaft arm (2).
8. A shaft connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shaft housing (20) is provided, which has an outer side (22) supported on the contour (5) and an inner side (21) supported on the shaft body (1), wherein projections (22A, 21A) formed on the outer side (22) and/or on the inner side (21) engage in a material-discharging manner on the contour (5) or in opposite faces on the shaft body (1).
9. A shaft connecting portion according to claim 8, wherein said shaft housing (20) is a deformed metal plate, and said protruding portions (22A, 21A) are punched portions of the metal plate.
10. A shaft connection according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the shaft housing (20) is provided with an opening (27) in a section in the middle in the housing circumferential direction, the width (B) of which, measured transversely to the housing circumferential direction, is greater than the width of the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) of the shaft arm (2) in the contact region (10).
11. The shaft connection according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the shaft housing (20) has a housing-shaped main section and support regions (25) at both ends of the main section, which rest against the shaft plate (9), the transition to the support regions (25) being configured as a bend having a bending direction opposite to the bending direction of the housing-shaped main section.
12. An axle plate (9) for arrangement between the axle body (1) and the axle arm (2) of an axle, the axle plate (9)
-facing the axle body (1) having a contour (5) which is configured at least partially in accordance with an outer contour of the axle body (1) opposite the contour,
-facing the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) of the shaft arm (2) there is an abutment area (10) formed by a surface section (11, 12) contacting the lower or upper side (2A or 2B), between which an opening (15) is situated,
characterized in that the width of the opening (15) is equal to or greater than the width of the lower or upper side (2A or 2B) of the axle arm (2) in the contact region (10).
13. The axle plate (9) as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that lateral parts (13A, 13B) are provided on both sides of the contact region (10), which lateral parts project perpendicularly to the contact region (10) and each extend along the opening (15) and at least along a partial length of the surface section (11, 12).
14. The axle plate (9) as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the side sections (13A, 13B) together with the face sections (11, 12) form a channel for supporting the axle arm (2) vertically and laterally.
15. Axle plate (9) according to any of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the axle body (1) is a circular axle body, the contour (5) consisting of a shell contour provided on a uniform circle for supporting the circular axle body, and the minimum spacing of the circle from a plane defined by the face sections (11, 12) being not more than 5mm, preferably between 0.5mm and 5 mm.
16. The axle plate (9) according to any of the claims 12 to 15, characterized in that a pin (9A) is provided which is provided on one of the face sections (11, 12).
17. The axle plate (9) according to any of the claims 12 to 16, characterised in that fixing holes for bumpers formed on the axle plate are provided.
18. An axle plate (9) for arrangement between an axle body and an axle arm of an axle, having a bearing surface facing the axle arm (2) on one of the sides of the axle plate, a bearing surface facing the axle body (1) on the other side of the axle plate, an opening (15) leading through the axle plate and connecting the bearing surfaces, and having opposite side parts (13A, 13B) arranged on both sides of the bearing surface facing the axle arm (2) and protruding beyond the bearing surfaces facing the axle arm (2), characterized in that the width of the opening (15) corresponds to the spacing of the side parts (13A, 13B).
19. Axle plate (9) according to claim 18, characterized in that the shortest distance between the course of the bearing surface facing the axle body (1) and the course of the bearing surface facing the axle arm (2) is minus 1mm to 5mm, preferably to 2 mm.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shaft connection for a vehicle axle, having an axle arm (suspension arm), a preferably tubular axle body intersecting the axle arm on the underside or upper side of the axle arm, an axle plate between the axle body and the axle arm, and having a pulling element for pulling the axle body and the axle arm relative to one another with the axle plate in between, the axle plate being placed in the middle
A contour facing the axle body, which contour is configured at least partially corresponding to an outer contour of the axle body opposite the contour,
the lower or upper side facing the axle arm has an abutment region formed by surface sections contacting the lower or upper side, the opening being located between the surface sections.
The invention also relates to an axle plate for arrangement between the axle body and the axle arm of an axle, said axle plate
A contour facing the axle body, which contour is configured at least partially corresponding to an outer contour of the axle body opposite the contour,
the lower side or the upper side facing the shaft arm has contact areas formed by surface sections contacting the lower side or the upper side, the opening being located between the contact areas.
The invention finally relates to an axle plate for arrangement between an axle body and an axle arm of an axle, which axle plate has a bearing surface facing the axle arm on one of the sides of the axle plate, a bearing surface facing the axle body on the other side of the axle plate, an opening which leads through the axle plate and connects the bearing surfaces, and which axle plate has side sections which are arranged on both sides of the bearing surface facing the axle arm and which are opposite and project beyond the bearing surface facing the axle arm.
Background
Shaft connections for commercial vehicle axles are known from EP0590528a1, EP1249356B1 and DE102012103961a1, in which an axle plate is arranged between the axle body and the axle arm of the vehicle axle. Such a shaft connection is used primarily when the shaft arms are designed as spring arms, which are then deformable and thus have a certain inherent spring characteristic. The deformable design of the axle arm requires a material which offers fewer possibilities for the construction of the axle arm than other arm materials, for example cast steel. In other words, the axle arm has a substantially more or less uniform, rectangular cross section. In order to connect such a cross section to the axle body of the axle, an axle plate is required as an additional element, the configuration of which is adapted on the one hand to the axle arm and on the other hand to the axle body. The axle plate, which is also referred to in jargon as an "axle plate" (Achslappen), is supported on one side thereof on the axle arm and on the other side thereof on the axle body. The pulling element in the form of a U bow pulls the axle body and the axle arms relative to each other with the axle plate in between. A housing is formed on the axle plate facing the axle body, the housing contour of which corresponds to the opposite outer contour of the axle body. Facing the axle arm, the axle plate has an elongated support surface, the width of which is equal to the width of the underside of the axle arm that bears against it.
The axle plates known from EP0590528a1 and EP1249356Bl have a relatively large thickness in the vertical direction, since inside the axle plate there are also form-locking elements in the form of small frames, which are welded to the axle tube. These frames serve to better transmit the forces acting in the shaft connection. The known design naturally results in a vertical spacing between the axle body and the axle arm, by means of which the ride height of the axle connection is increased. The ride height of the axle connection is understood to be the dimension of the axle center of the axle, measured perpendicularly up to the lower edge of the longitudinal beams of the vehicle frame, or the dimension of the axle center, measured perpendicularly up to the interface between the axle assembly provided by the axle manufacturer and the existing vehicle frame.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to achieve a small ride height in a shaft connecting part for an axle by means of a shaft plate arranged between a shaft body and a shaft arm through the change of the distance between shaft connecting part components.
In order to solve this object, a shaft connection for a vehicle axle having the features of claim 1, a shaft plate having the features of claim 12 and a shaft plate having the features of claim 18 are proposed.
Common to the solutions is an axle plate for arrangement between an axle body and an axle arm of an axle, which axle plate is provided with a bearing surface facing the axle arm on one of the sides of the axle plate and a bearing surface facing the axle body on the other side of the axle plate. Openings in the axle plate establish connections between the bearing surfaces.
In particular, the axle plate has an abutment region facing the axle arm and for supporting the axle arm, said abutment region having a separate surface section. The openings are between the face sections. The opening is relatively large and has such a width that it provides space for the entire width of the shaft arm guided via the opening. This is achieved in that the width of the opening is equal to or greater than the width of the lower or upper side of the axle arm in the region of the axle connection.
However, in the case of the additional side sections to the left and to the right of the contact region, the width of the opening is equal to the distance which the inner sides of the side sections facing one another have relative to one another. Since the inner spacing of the side portions is substantially equal to the width of the axle arm.
With this design of the axle connection and the axle plate, a low ride height of the axle connection is achieved, since the axle arm can be moved very close to the axle body and can even rest against the axle body. However, a certain spacing, even a small spacing, between the axle arm and the axle body is preferred.
These advantages can be achieved in particular in a round shaft body, i.e. in a shaft tube of round cross section, as is preferred and therefore described in one embodiment. However, a reduction in the spacing and thus the ride height can be achieved even in non-circular axle tubes.
In the case of a pivot plate, the width of the opening between the surface sections is therefore equal to or greater than the width of the pivot arm supported on the surface sections, and in particular equal to or greater than the width of the lower or upper side of the pivot arm with which the pivot arm is supported on the surface sections.
The axle plate can be provided with side parts on both sides of the contact region, which side parts project out of the contact region perpendicularly to the contact region. In this case, the side portion may laterally delimit the opening. In this case, the side portions each extend along the opening and preferably also along at least a part of the length of each face section.
The lateral stiffening of the axle plate is of particular interest, since otherwise the axle plate would have too little material in the central region of the axle body and the axle arm which is at its greatest close, resulting in too little strength of the axle plate. Preferably, the surface section and the side section together form a channel for vertically and laterally supporting the axle arm.
Preferably, the shortest distance between the support surface facing the axle arm and the side of the axle body is less than 5mm and particularly preferably between 0.5mm and 5 mm.
In order to reduce the ride height, it is also proposed: the shortest distance between the lower or upper side of the axle arm, which is used for bearing against the axle plate, and the outer contour of the axle body is not more than 7.5mm, preferably between 3mm and 7.5 mm.
In order to reduce the ride height, it is also proposed: the shortest distance between the course of the support surface facing the axle body and the course of the support surface facing the axle arm is up to 5mm, preferably up to 2 mm. However, the spacing can even be small and can be up to minus 1mm, i.e. negative. This value is generated in case of overlap.
In order to reduce the ride height, it is also proposed: the axle body is a circular axle body with a circular cross section. In order to support the circular shaft body as flat as possible, the contour is formed by a housing contour arranged on a uniform circle. The shortest distance of this imaginary circle from the plane defined by the surface section is not more than 5mm, preferably between 0.5mm and 5 mm.
According to one embodiment of the shaft connection and the shaft plate, the shaft plate is provided with a pin arranged on one of the surface sections, which pin engages in a form-locking manner in a corresponding recess of the shaft arm.
The axle plate may also be provided with fixing holes for a bumper of the axle.
According to one embodiment of the shaft connection, a shaft housing is additionally arranged between the shaft plate and the shaft body. The shaft housing has an outer side supported on the contour and an inner side supported on the shaft body, wherein projections formed on the outer side and/or the inner side engage in a material-discharging manner in opposite faces of the contour or of the shaft body. An additional form-fit between the main elements of the shaft connection is obtained by the additional shaft housing. The projections formed on the outside and/or on the inside of the shaft housing are embedded in the opposite surface, i.e. in the housing-shaped contour formed on the shaft plate or in the shaft body, when the pulling element is pulled, with the material being discharged. An additional form closure in the micrometer range is obtained.
The additional shaft housing is preferably a correspondingly deformed metal sheet, the projection being formed by a stamped-out part of the metal sheet.
With regard to the additional shaft housing, it is also proposed: the shaft housing is provided with an opening in a section in the middle in the circumferential direction of the housing. The width of this opening transversely to the housing circumferential direction is greater than the width of the lower or upper side of the axle arm in the contact region. The advantage of this embodiment is also the low travel height that can be achieved. Since the additional axle housing in principle results in a greater distance between the axle body and the axle arm. However, since the additional axle housing is provided with an opening in its central section, in which the axle body and the axle arms are located closest to each other, the axle housing behaves neutrally with respect to the distance between the axle body and the axle arms that is critical for the ride height.
According to another embodiment, the additional shaft housing has a housing-shaped main section and support regions which bear against the shaft plate at both ends of the main section, the transition to the support regions being configured as a bend having a bending direction opposite to the bending direction of the housing-shaped main section.
The advantages mentioned and additional embodiments also relate to and also relate to the axle plate itself provided for the arrangement between the axle body and the axle arm.
Drawings
Further advantages and details result from the subsequent description of embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a side view of an aeroelastic utility vehicle chassis, essentially having axle arms extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and an axle body arranged transversely thereto, on the ends of which axle body the wheels of the vehicle are mounted;
fig. 1a shows a partial view of the region of fig. 1 in which only the shaft connection is depicted;
FIG. 1b shows a perspective view of the axle plate;
FIG. 2 shows a perspective exploded view of chassis components of the chassis;
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of only the axle housing, which is one of the chassis components of FIGS. 1 and 2;
fig. 4 shows a sectional view of the shaft housing in the region in which it is provided on its inner or outer side with a sharp-edged projection; and is
Fig. 5 shows a plan view of the region with these projections, viewed perpendicularly to the outside of the shaft housing.
Detailed Description
The chassis described below is used primarily in aeroelastic commercial vehicles having a long, continuous axle body 1 as an axle. Such axles are used primarily in truck trailers and semitrailers. These axles are designed for high transport weights in road operation.
An arm support 3A is fixed on each side of the vehicle under the longitudinal beams of the frame or the chassis of the vehicle. This arm support receives the slew bearing of the axle suspension. The axle arm 2 serves on each side of the vehicle to guide an axle body 1 which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and is here rigidly continuous from one side of the vehicle to the other side of the vehicle. The axle arm is here an arm spring which shows a certain spring characteristic in itself.
The axle arm 2 has a support region on its front end, which has an arm bore, which is an integral part of the pivot bearing in the arm support 3A. The axle arm 2 is held vertically pivotable in an arm support 3A fixed to the chassis by means of a bolt 3B which is part of the pivot bearing.
Behind in the direction of travel, the axle arm 2 is provided with a support surface for an air spring 3C. The air spring 3C is supported from below with an upper closure plate to the longitudinal member of the vehicle frame.
The axle body 1 is provided at each of its vehicle-exterior ends with a journal for supporting a wheel and a brake drum or brake disc of a drum or disc brake.
The two threaded hooks 4 together with the nuts 4a screwed onto their threaded sections generate a clamping force which pulls the axle arm 2 onto the axle body 1, the arcuate section 4b of the threaded hook 4 being guided around the axle body 1 which is designed as an axle tube. This clamping is of course not carried out directly, but indirectly with the interposition of a preferably cast or forged component 9 which is arranged fixedly with respect to the axle arm. The member 9 is herein referred to as a shaft plate 9. This is depicted in detail in fig. 1 b.
On the side facing the axle body 1, a bearing surface is formed on the axle plate 9. This support surface is designed as a contour 5 adapted to the circumferential contour of the shaft body 1. The contour 5 consists of two part-circular shells 6 in the depicted axle plate 9. The radius of the housing 6 is the same or only slightly different than the radius of the round axle body 1 in the exemplary embodiment. A short contact region 9B is connected to each of the shells 6 in the circumferential direction, which contact region serves to support a sheet metal section of the additional shaft shell, which is explained in detail below.
Facing the axle arm 2, the axle plate 9 also has a bearing surface. The support surface is designed as an elongated contact surface 10 which is supported directly on the underside 2A of the axle arm 2 or on a collecting plate 29 of the axle arm 2. The contact region 10 is divided into a first surface portion 11 and a second surface portion 12, between which a rectangular opening 15 is located in the longitudinal portion of the free support surface.
The width of the opening 15, measured transversely to the longitudinal extent of the axle arm 2, is equal to or greater than the width of the underside 2A of the axle arm 2 supported on the surface sections 11, 12. This applies analogously to the width of the collecting webs 29 which are present there, if appropriate, and which are part of the axle arm 2.
The side portions 13A, 13B extend along each side of the bifurcated abutment region 10. Each side 13A or 13B extends along the opening 15 and at least partially also along the two surface sections 11, 12 of the contact region. The side portions 13A, 13B are adapted to significantly reinforce the otherwise thin-walled shaft plate 9. The reinforcement is better by a lateral reinforcement 13C of the side 13A, which is well visible in fig. 1b and is shell-shaped.
The spacing of the facing inner sides of the side portions 13A, 13B is equal to the width of the opening 15. There is no step between the side wall of the opening 15 and the inner side of the side portion.
The side sections 13A, 13B together with the surface sections 11, 12 form a channel. Here, the side portions 13A, 13B are of such a height that they lie opposite the side walls of the axle arm 2 at a small distance and thus constitute lateral supports for the axle arm 2 and contribute to positioning the axle plate 9 and the axle arm 2 relative to one another transversely to the direction of travel.
For the same purpose of positioning, the axle plate 9 is provided with a pin 9A which, in the form-locking condition, grips into a corresponding recess in the side of the axle arm 2 facing the axle body 1 (here the underside 2A).
The spring plate 8 is supported from the other side onto the axle arm 2, where it is supported onto its upper side 2B. The nut 4a of the threaded hook 4, which is guided through the opening in the spring plate 8, is supported on the outside of the spring plate 8.
The shaft body 1 is clamped onto the shaft arm 2 not only with the shaft plate 9 placed in the middle, but additionally with the shaft housing 20 placed in the middle. The shaft housing 20 is supported with its inner side 21 directly on the outer side of the shaft body 1 and with its outer side 22 directly on the curved contour 5 on the shaft plate 9.
The support of the outer side 22 of the shaft housing 20 on the shaft plate 9 is distributed in this way, since the shaft housing 20 has a curved central section, with which it is supported on the similarly curved contour 5, and also has a significantly shorter support region 25 on its end, which rests on the resting region 9B on the shaft plate 9.
The central section of the shaft housing 20 has a curved housing shape, which receives the contour of the shaft body 1, which is designed here as a circular shaft body with a diameter of more than 130mm, preferably 146 mm.
However, the shaft body 1 does not necessarily have to be a circular shaft body. Non-round shaft cross sections are likewise possible. If the axle body 1 is, for example, of elliptical cross section, the axle housing 20 also has a correspondingly elliptical curvature in its main section and likewise a contour 5 with two housings 6 is formed on the axle plate 9.
The support regions 25, which are each connected via a bend to the shell-shaped main section of the axle housing 20, serve as positioning aids during assembly of the chassis. Because of the manner in which the support region rests on the contact surface 9B of the axle plate 9, it contributes to a temporary, defined positioning of the axle housing 20 on the axle plate 9 during the assembly of the chassis.
The shaft housing 20, including its bearing region 25 formed at the end, is a one-piece metal plate which is produced by a forming process. In the region of the curved sections, the shaft housing 20 is wider than in the region of the support region 25.
The shaft housing 20 is provided with an opening 27 (fig. 3) of width B in its section in the middle in the housing circumferential direction, whereby only two webs 28 form a connection between one of the parts and the other of the metal plate bodies from which the shaft housing 20 is formed. The opening 27 improves the bendability of the shaft housing 20 over that portion of the length where the opening 27 is provided. The shaft housing 20 can thus be well attached to the contour 5 formed by the housing 6 and also to the shaft body.
The width B of the opening 27 between the webs 28, measured transversely to the housing circumferential direction, is greater than the width of the shaft arm 2 or its collecting web 29 in the region of the shaft connection. The opening 27 has the advantage that the axle housing 20 behaves neutrally with respect to the distance between the axle body 1 and the axle arm 2 that is important for the ride height.
The shaft housing 20 is provided with a sharp-edged projection 21A on its inner side 21 and with a further sharp-edged projection 22A on its outer side 22 over a part of its total area. The projections 21A, 22A forming the tip can enter into the opposing surfaces with a discharge of material at correspondingly high pressures as are produced by means of the threaded hook 4 and the nut 4a screwed fixedly thereon. The hard tip on the inner side 21 is embedded in the less hard material of the shaft body 1. The hard tip on the outer side 22 is embedded in the less hard material of the housing 6. In both cases, a pronounced form-locking occurs.
The tips or projections 21A, 22A are stamped parts in the metal sheet from which the shaft housing 20 is formed. The punch comprises openings 32 extending between the inner side 21 and the outer side 22, and outwardly projecting ribs on the sides of each opening 32, which ribs constitute the projections. The ribs are therefore the outwardly deformed edges of the opening 32 formed during the stamping process in terms of production technology.
The first partial quantity of the opening 32 has its edges on the inner side 21 deformed into ribs and thus forms the projection 21A. The remaining second partial portion of the opening 32 has its edges deformed into ribs on the outer side 22 and thus forms the other projection 22A.
In the exemplary embodiment according to fig. 4 and 5, all openings 32 are in the form of equilateral triangles, preferably with outwardly projecting edges along all three sides of these triangles and therefore with sharp-edged projections on the inner side 21 or on the outer side 22.
However, the openings 32 do not have to be triangular as depicted, but may also be circular or quadrangular or have a polygonal shape, for example.
If the punching tool penetrates into the sheet metal material not only from the inner side 21 but also from the outer side 22 during the forming of the shaft housing 20, ribs and therefore points are formed simultaneously on one of the sides and also on the other side.
In the exemplary embodiment, the same number of openings 32 is punched out from one side and the other side of the metal sheet, i.e. the number of openings 32 and the ribs and points 21A arranged on the inner side 21 around these openings is as large as the number of openings 32 and the ribs and points 22A arranged on the outer side 22 around these openings.
However, the number and/or shape of the openings and ribs on both sides may also be different. The number of openings 32 and the ribs and points arranged around these openings on the inner side 21 can be greater than the number of openings 32 and the ribs and points arranged around these openings on the outer side 22, for example.
In each case, the projections 21A on the inside and the projections 22A on the outside should be distributed uniformly over the area in which they are present, respectively. As fig. 4 shows this, the projections 21A and 22A should also alternate with each other, here in a checkerboard pattern arrangement.
Advantageously, it may be: the projections 21A, 22A are not present over the entire surface, but only in defined regions 36, 37 of the shaft housing 20. These regions 36, 37 are only located in the curved partial regions of the shaft housing 20. Furthermore, the regions 36, 37 are only in front of or behind the opening 27, as viewed in the direction of the curved course of the shaft housing 20. Here, as shown in fig. 3, the regions 36, 37 each extend as far as the edge of the opening 27. The two regions 36, 37 have a length in the longitudinal direction of the shaft body 1 which is greater than the width of the two regions, as viewed in the circumferential direction of the shaft housing 20.
The metal plate used for manufacturing the shaft housing 20 has a material thickness, measured without the projections 21A, 22A, of between 0.5mm and 1mm and preferably between 0.7mm and 0.9 mm.
For the metal plate, spring steel or stainless steel is preferable. If the metal sheet is not a stainless steel sheet, galvanization of the sheet after the stamping process may be of interest for corrosion protection.
The stamping process can be carried out one after the other in that the stamping tool is first moved into the sheet material from one of the sides and then from the other side. Alternatively, however, the stamping process is carried out simultaneously in such a way that the first stamping tool is moved into the sheet material from one of the sides and at the same time the second stamping tool is moved into the sheet material from the other side, and thus all openings 32 and projections 21A, 22A are formed simultaneously.
The bending of the shaft housing 20 with its central section with the opening 27 and the support region 25 projecting at right angles can take place within the scope of the stamping process, however either beforehand or afterwards in a separate bending process.
The strength of the metal plate for the shaft housing 20 is higher than the strength of the material into which the tips 21A, 22A enter, i.e. the material of the shaft body 1 and the shaft plate 9. The strength Rm of the metal sheet used was 1200N/mm2To 1600N/mm2In the meantime. On the contrary, the strength Rm of the material of the shaft body 1 is only 460N/mm, for example2And the strength of the material of the axle plate 9 is only 520N/mm, for example2. Therefore, the strength of the metal plate for the shaft housing 20 is generally at least twice as high as that of the shaft body 1 and that of the shaft plate 9.
List of reference numerals
1 axle body
2 axle arm
2A lower side
2B upper side
3A support piece
3B bolt
3C air spring
4 thread hook
4a nut
4b arcuate section
5 profile
6 outer cover
8 spring plate
9 axle plate
9A pin
9B device area
10 support surface
11 surface section
12 surface section
13A side part
13B side part
13C lateral reinforcement
15 opening
20 axle housing
21 inner side
21A projection, tip
22 outside
22A projection, tip
25 support area
27 opening
28 contact piece
29 collecting plate
32 opening
36 region with a protrusion
37 area with projections
B width.