阅读说明：本技术 用于去除水中重金属的组装式过滤芯及其使用方法 (Assembled filter element for removing heavy metals in water and using method thereof ) 是由 马燕 伊晓辉 苏二锐 朱思琪 徐鑫 满其奎 丁军 李润伟 于 2021-09-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种用于去除水中重金属的组装式过滤芯及其使用方法。该过滤芯包括支架与若干软磁材料构成的过滤片,过滤片组装在支架上形成两端开口的空心立体结构；每个过滤片设置若干穿孔；每个过滤片位于空心立体结构的侧壁；水流通过所述穿孔进入或者流出所述空心立体结构内腔。与现有的一体式过滤芯相比,本发明的过滤性结构牢固、抗冲击力强,当某个或者某几个过滤片发生损坏等情况需要更换时,只需从支架上取出该过滤片替换即可,可降低成本,使用方便灵活。(The invention provides an assembled filter element for removing heavy metals in water and a using method thereof. The filter core comprises a support and a plurality of filter sheets made of soft magnetic materials, and the filter sheets are assembled on the support to form a hollow three-dimensional structure with openings at two ends; each filter sheet is provided with a plurality of through holes; each filter sheet is positioned on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure; and water flows into or out of the hollow three-dimensional structure inner cavity through the through holes. Compared with the existing integrated filter element, the filter element has a firm filtering structure and strong impact resistance, when one or more filter sheets are damaged and need to be replaced, the filter sheets only need to be taken out from the bracket for replacement, so that the cost can be reduced, and the filter element is convenient and flexible to use.)

1. A assembled filter core of crossing for getting rid of aquatic heavy metal, characterized by: the filter disc is assembled on the bracket to form a hollow three-dimensional structure with openings at two ends;

two surfaces in the thickness direction of each filter sheet are referred to as a front surface and a rear surface; each filter sheet is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes penetrate from the front surface to the rear surface of the filter sheet;

each filter sheet is positioned on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure; and water flows into or out of the hollow three-dimensional structure inner cavity through the through holes.

2. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the shapes and sizes of the filter sheets are consistent;

preferably, the hollow three-dimensional structure comprises a hollow columnar structure and a hollow cone-shaped structure.

3. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the filter sheets are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure;

preferably, the filter sheets are distributed on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure at intervals to form a regular distribution array.

4. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the bracket is provided with a plurality of openings matched with the shape of the filter sheet, and the filter sheet is arranged in the openings;

preferably, the connection mode of the filter sheet in the open pore comprises one or more of embedding, buckling, bonding and adsorption;

preferably, when the filter is arranged in the opening, the flexible material is arranged on the frame of the filter and is used for filling the gap between the filter and the opening.

5. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the hollow three-dimensional structure is a hollow columnar structure, the cross section of the hollow three-dimensional structure is in an annular regular n-polygon shape, and the side length of the inner regular n-polygon is r_nThe side length of the external regular n-polygon is R_nThe method comprises the following steps:

the thickness of the filter sheet is h₁Has a width a of

Preferably, the thickness h₁Is composed of

6. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the hollow three-dimensional structure is a hollow columnar structure, and the cross section of the hollow three-dimensional structure is annular and circular and is internally provided with a hollow cavityDiameter r_nOuter diameter of R_nThe method comprises the following steps:

the thickness of the filter sheet is h₂Arc of arc length b

Preferably, the thickness h₂Is 0<h₂<R_n-r_n。

7. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the aperture of the perforation is 100um-100 mm;

preferably, the material of the filter sheet is soft magnetic ferrite.

8. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the filter sheet comprises the following steps: dispersing soft magnetic material particles in a pre-mixing liquid containing a solvent, a binder and a dispersing agent to form slurry; and 3D printing the slurry to obtain a filter sheet blank, and then drying and sintering to obtain the filter sheet.

9. The modular filter element of claim 1, wherein: when one or more of the filter sheets needs to be replaced, the filter sheet is taken out from the bracket, and the replaced filter sheet is assembled on the bracket.

10. A method for removing heavy metals in water by using the assembled filter element of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:

(1) adding magnetic nanoparticles into water, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles adsorb heavy metal ions in the water;

(2) placing the filter element in a magnetic field; and (2) closing an opening at one end of the filter element, injecting the water treated in the step (1) into the hollow structure of the filter element from the opening at the other end of the filter element, and adsorbing the magnetic nanoparticles by the filter sheet, so that heavy metal ions are adsorbed, and the water flows out from the through hole.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic materials and the technical field of sewage heavy metal treatment, and particularly relates to an assembled filter element for removing heavy metals in water and a using method thereof.

Background

With the continuous acceleration of the industrialization process, the heavy metal pollution is more and more valued by people. Heavy metal ions are difficult to degrade under natural conditions, so that the heavy metal ions not only pollute the environment such as water sources and soil, but also finally enter human bodies through the enrichment effect of food chains to cause harm to human health, and therefore, the treatment of the sewage containing the heavy metal ions is very important.

Many methods for treating heavy metal wastewater have been developed, and typical methods include chemical precipitation, reverse osmosis, solvent extraction, filtration, adsorption, electrochemical methods, ion exchange methods, and the like. Of these, filtration combined with adsorption is the most cost effective and easy to operate process, called the filtration adsorption process.

The filtration and adsorption method often uses a filter device, wherein a filter core is arranged, and sewage is filtered and adsorbed by the filter core. However, the existing filter element has the following problems:

(1) the filter element is of an integral structure, and cracks, internal stress and the like generated when the local part is damaged are easy to diffuse to influence other undamaged parts; or, even if cracks, internal stress, etc. are not diffused, when the damaged portion needs to be replaced, the filter element still has to be taken out of the filter device for the entire replacement due to the integral structure, thus being high in cost and complicated in operation;

(2) the filter core is generally made of materials with filtering adsorbability, the shock resistance is limited, certain impact force is caused to the filter core when sewage passes through the filter core, the filter core is easy to damage, the service life of the filter core is shortened, and particularly the service life of the filter core is shortened when the sewage passes through the filter core.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical current situation, the invention provides the assembled filter element for removing the heavy metals in water, which has the advantages of firm structure, strong impact resistance, replaceable local materials and convenient and flexible use.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an assembled filter core of crossing for getting rid of aquatic heavy metal which characterized by: the filter disc is assembled on the bracket to form a hollow three-dimensional structure with openings at two ends;

two surfaces in the thickness direction of each filter sheet are referred to as a front surface and a rear surface; each filter sheet is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes penetrate from the front surface to the rear surface of the filter sheet;

each filter sheet is positioned on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure; and water flows into or out of the hollow three-dimensional structure inner cavity through the through holes.

The shape of each filter sheet can be consistent or inconsistent, and the size can be consistent or inconsistent. The shape of each filter sheet is not limited, and the filter sheets comprise regular shapes and irregular shapes, and the regular shapes comprise rectangles, circles, regular polygons, ellipses and the like. Preferably, the shape and size of each filter sheet are uniform.

The distribution of the filter sheets on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure is not limited, and the filter sheets are preferably uniformly distributed on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure.

The support material is not limited and includes polymer materials such as plastics, rubber and the like. Materials having both rigidity and toughness such as TPU and PU are preferable.

As one realization mode, the shape and the size of each filter sheet are consistent, and the filter sheets are distributed on the side wall of the hollow three-dimensional structure at intervals and form a regular distribution array.

The hollow three-dimensional structure is not limited and comprises a hollow columnar structure, a hollow cone structure and the like.

As an implementation mode, a plurality of openings matched with the shape of the filter sheet are formed in the support, and the filter sheet is arranged in the openings.

The connection mode of the filter sheet in the opening is not limited, and the filter sheet comprises one or more of embedding, buckling, bonding, adsorption and the like.

When the filter is disposed in the opening, in order to improve the sealing property between the filter frame and the opening, it is preferable to provide a flexible material on the filter frame for filling the gap between the filter frame and the opening.

As an implementation mode, the hollow three-dimensional structure is a hollow columnar structure, the cross section of the hollow three-dimensional structure is a ring-shaped regular n-polygon, and the side length of the inner regular n-polygon is r_nThe side length of the external regular n-polygon is R_nThe method comprises the following steps:

preferably, the filter sheet has a thickness h₁Preferably, the width a is Thickness h₁Preferably, it is

As another implementation manner, the hollow three-dimensional structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, the cross section of the hollow three-dimensional structure is annular and circular, the inner diameter is R, the outer diameter is R, and when n filter sheets are uniformly arranged along the circumference:

preferably, the filter sheet has a thickness h₂Preferably, the arc length b isThickness h₂Preferably 0<h₂<R-r。

Preferably, the perforations have a pore size of between 100um and 100 mm.

Preferably, the material of the filter sheet is soft magnetic ferrite.

The preparation method of the filter sheet is not limited. As an implementation mode, the method is prepared by a 3D printing method, and specifically comprises the following steps: dispersing particles of a soft magnetic material in a premix liquid containing a solvent, a binder, a dispersant, and the like to form a slurry; and (3) obtaining a filter sheet blank by using the slurry through a 3D printing method, and then drying and sintering to obtain the filter sheet.

The method for removing heavy metals in water by using the assembled filter element comprises the following steps:

(1) adding magnetic nanoparticles into water, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles adsorb heavy metal ions in the water;

(2) the filter core is placed in a magnetic field, and the filter sheet made of soft magnetic materials can adsorb magnetic nano particles under the action of the magnetic field; and (2) closing an opening at one end of the filter element, injecting the water treated in the step (1) into the hollow structure of the filter element from the opening at the other end of the filter element, and adsorbing the magnetic nanoparticles by the filter sheet, so that heavy metal ions are adsorbed, and the water flows out from the through hole.

After heavy metals in water are filtered and adsorbed, in order to remove the magnetic nanoparticles adsorbed on the filter element, a flushing liquid formed by clear water without the magnetic nanoparticles is introduced into the filter element from the outer side of the filter element through the through holes, so that the magnetic nanoparticles adsorbed on the filter element are flushed, and then the flushing liquid flows out from the opening end, and the filter element is called as a backwashing filter element. For further deep cleaning of the filter element, it is preferred to first remove the magnetic field and then backwash the filter element. More preferably, an acidic substance is added to the rinse solution to make the rinse solution acidic. When the washing is carried out, acidic substances are added into the opening structure, and heavy metal ions can be separated from the magnetic nanoparticles, so that the magnetic nanoparticles can be recycled.

Or, preferably, the outlet end of the filter element is firstly closed, an acidic substance is added into the filter element, the filter element is backwashed, heavy metal ions and magnetic nanoparticles can be separated under the action of the acidic substance, and finally, the outlet end of the filter element is opened to recycle the magnetic nanoparticles.

Preferably, the magnetic nanoparticles are not limited, and include composite magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles coated with PAA or PEI, and the like.

Preferably, the magnetic field is detachable, so that the installation and removal are convenient.

When one or more filter sheets in the filter element are damaged and the like and need to be replaced, the filter sheet is taken out from the bracket, and the replaced filter sheet is assembled on the bracket.

The invention designs the filter element in the filter device for removing heavy metal in water into an assembly structure consisting of the bracket and the filter disc, and the filter disc is assembled on the bracket, compared with the integral filter element in the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the bracket is made of materials with prominent bearing capacity, impact resistance and damping performance, has firm structure and strong impact resistance, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the filter element;

(2) the filter core is formed by assembling a plurality of filter sheets on the bracket, on one hand, compared with the integral filter core in the prior art, the filter sheet has simple structure and easy manufacture, thereby reducing the preparation difficulty and the cost; on the other hand, because each filter sheet is independently assembled on the bracket, cracks, internal stress and the like generated when partial damage occurs cannot be diffused to other filter sheets, so that the damage area of the filter element is reduced, only the damaged filter sheet needs to be replaced, and the cost is reduced.

(3) When the filter is replaced, only the old filter needs to be taken out and the new core filter needs to be assembled, so that the replacement is simple and convenient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filter element in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter sheet of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the inlet end of FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a filter element in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the filter of fig. 4.

The reference numerals in fig. 1-5 are: the filter element comprises a filter core 1, an inlet end 2, an outlet end 3, a filter sheet 4, a perforation 5 and a bracket 6.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the invention to the details shown.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, an assembled filter element 1 for removing heavy metals in water is composed of a support 6 and a plurality of filter sheets 4 made of soft magnetic ferrite materials, wherein the filter sheets 4 are assembled on the support 6 to form a hollow cylindrical structure with two open ends, one open end is an inlet end 2, and the other open end is an outlet end 3.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each filter sheet has a uniform shape and a uniform size. Two surfaces in the thickness direction of each filter sheet are referred to as a front surface and a rear surface; each filter plate is provided with a plurality of perforations 5, the diameter of each perforation is between 100um and 100mm, and each perforation 5 penetrates from the front surface to the rear surface of the filter plate. The water flow enters or flows out of the hollow cylindrical structure inner cavity through the perforation 5.

In this embodiment, set up on the support 6 a plurality ofly with the filter shape assorted trompil, trompil and filter disc one-to-one, filter disc embedding, buckle, bonding or adsorb in the trompil.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the cross section of the hollow cylindrical structure is an annular regular hexagon, the side length of the inner regular hexagon is R, the side length of the outer regular hexagon is R, and the thickness of the filter 4 is h₁Has a width a ofThickness h₁Is composed of

In this embodiment, 1 filter 4 is arranged in the width direction of each outer side surface of the hollow columnar structure, and 2 filters 4 are arranged in the height direction. There is a space between each filter sheet 4.

In this embodiment, the stent material is TPU.

In this embodiment, in order to improve the sealing property between the frame of the filter sheet 4 and the opening, the frame of the filter sheet 4 is provided with a flexible expanded teflon band for filling the gap between the frame and the opening.

In this embodiment, a 3D printing method is used to prepare the filter, specifically:

(1) uniformly dispersing nickel-zinc ferrite powder with the average particle size of about 2um into a premixed solution containing a binder PVA, a plasticizer PEG and a small amount of a dispersing agent ECO-2100 to prepare stable slurry;

(2) and (2) performing 3D printing by using the slurry obtained in the step (1) to obtain a filter sheet blank shown in figure 2, drying, and performing high-temperature sintering treatment at 1100 ℃ to obtain the high-density nickel-zinc ferrite filter sheet.

The method for removing the heavy metals in the filtered water by using the assembled filter element in the embodiment comprises the following steps:

the filter disc prepared above is embedded into a bracket to assemble a filter element, and a detachable magnetic field as low as 0.07T is additionally arranged on the filter element. Closing the outlet end 3 of the filter element. In the presence of Pb²⁺Adding PAA coated Fe into sewage with concentration of 1mg/L₃O₄Nanoparticles 25 mg. The sewage is injected into the hollow columnar structure from the inlet end of the filter element, water flows out from the through hole of the filter element, and the magnetic nanoparticles are adsorbed by the filter element, so that heavy metal ions are adsorbed by the filter element to obtain water for removing the heavy metal ions.

The results show that the effluent solution is nearly transparent and all nanoparticles can be well captured after being filtered by the method, and the effluent solution is nearly transparent. An ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma-optical emission system) method for determining NPs (iron content) can not be used for detecting an obvious iron signal, and the removal rate of iron is far higher than 99%.

In this embodiment, the method for replacing the filter sheet in the assembled filter element includes the following steps:

when one or more filter discs need to be replaced, the magnetic field is removed, clear water is injected into the filter element through the device, magnetic nanoparticles adsorbed on the filter disc are washed away, the magnet is used for completely absorbing the old filter disc needing to be replaced, fragments are prevented from being left in the filter disc, and then the new filter disc is replaced.

Example 2:

in this embodiment, the structure of the assembled filter core for removing heavy metals from water is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: as shown in fig. 4, the hollow solid structure is a hollow cylindrical structure; the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical structure is r,the outer diameter is R, and the thickness of the filter is h₂Preferably, the arc length b is Thickness h₂Is 0<h₂<R-r。

In this embodiment, two layers of filter sheets are disposed on the outer side wall surface of the hollow cylindrical structure. Each layer is provided with 6 filter sheets, and the 6 filter sheets form axial symmetry by the central axis of the hollow cylindrical structure.

In this example, the method of removing heavy metals in the filtered water using the assembled filter element is the same as that of example 1.

In this embodiment, the method of replacing the filter sheet in the assembled filter element is the same as that in embodiment 1.

The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, supplement or similar substitution made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.