阅读说明：本技术 一种超高精度铝合金型材的挤压工艺 (Extrusion process of ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile ) 是由 崔清磊 王满意 于 2021-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种超高精度铝合金型材的挤压工艺,包括如下步骤：采用挤压机对铝合金铸件进行挤压,将铝棒加热到400～450℃后输送至挤压筒内,通过挤压筒和模具挤出铝型材,模具的温度为480～500℃,挤压速度为5～8mm/s。本发明通过调整合金成分、挤压工艺及模具抛光,挤压产品表面光亮度及尺寸达到产品要求,使得产品最终的成品率大大提高,加快了铝合金型材的生产速度,降低了生产过程中浪费的成本,提高企业效益。(The invention provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy section, which comprises the following steps: the aluminum alloy casting is extruded by an extruder, an aluminum bar is heated to 400-450 ℃ and then conveyed into an extruding cylinder, an aluminum profile is extruded by the extruding cylinder and a die, the temperature of the die is 480-500 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 5-8 mm/s. According to the invention, by adjusting the alloy components, the extrusion process and the die polishing, the surface brightness and the size of the extruded product meet the product requirements, so that the final yield of the product is greatly improved, the production speed of the aluminum alloy section is increased, the waste cost in the production process is reduced, and the enterprise benefit is improved.)

1. An extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

the aluminum alloy casting is extruded by an extruder, an aluminum bar is heated to 400-450 ℃ and then conveyed into an extruding cylinder, an aluminum profile is extruded by the extruding cylinder and a die, the temperature of the die is 480-500 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 5-8 mm/s.

2. The extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, the silicon is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the iron is 0.35 to 0.50 percent, the copper is 0.06 to 0.18 percent, the manganese is 1.05 to 1.20 percent, the zinc is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, the titanium is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance is aluminum.

3. The extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

4. The extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

5. The extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

6. The extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 430-450 ℃.

7. The extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aluminum profile discharging temperature of the extruder is 500-530 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing technology, in particular to an extrusion technology of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile.

Background

The aluminium alloy is prepared by adding a proper amount of other elements into industrial pure aluminium, so that the essence of the aluminium is improved to meet various requirements in industry and life. Because of small specific gravity, high specific strength and good comprehensive performance, the aluminum alloy is widely used in the fields of aviation industry, automobile manufacturing industry, power instruments, tools, civil vessel manufacturing and the like.

Part of the components in many industrial installations today, such as precision instruments, weak point installations, require small, thin-walled, very precise end-face dimensions of aluminum profiles, which are subject to very strict dimensional tolerances. The minimum wall thickness of the profile is less than 1.5mm, the minimum allowable deviation of the wall thickness of the profile according to the diameter of the circumscribed circle is 0.17mm, and the requirements on equipment, tools and dies and processes in the extrusion process are quite strict. By comparing GB/T14846-2014, the dimensional tolerance of the product is obviously higher than the ultra-high-precision tolerance standard, the examination difficulty of the conventional extrusion production equipment is high, and the requirement of a product drawing can not be met basically.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides an extrusion process of an ultra-high precision aluminum alloy profile, which adjusts alloy components, extrusion process and die polishing, so that the surface brightness and size of an extruded product meet product requirements.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy section, which comprises the following steps of:

the aluminum alloy casting is extruded by an extruder, an aluminum bar is heated to 400-450 ℃ and then conveyed into an extruding cylinder, an aluminum profile is extruded by the extruding cylinder and a die, the temperature of the die is 480-500 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 5-8 mm/s.

Further, the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy profile meets the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, the silicon is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the iron is 0.35 to 0.50 percent, the copper is 0.06 to 0.18 percent, the manganese is 1.05 to 1.20 percent, the zinc is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, the titanium is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance is aluminum.

Further, the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy profile meets the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

Further, the die of the extruding machine is polished before being machined, and forward polishing is adopted.

Further, the sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

Furthermore, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 430-450 ℃.

Further, the discharging temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruding machine is 500-530 ℃.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the processing precision is far higher than that of the prior art, the wall thickness of the profile with the diameter of the circumscribed circle is within 100mm, the nominal wall thickness is below 10mm, and the minimum deviation can reach +/-0.1 mm; the wall thickness of the profile with the diameter of the circumscribed circle is 100-300 mm, the nominal wall thickness is less than 10mm, and the minimum deviation can reach +/-0.13 mm;

2. along with the improvement of the processing precision, the final yield of the product is greatly improved, the production speed of the aluminum alloy section is accelerated, the waste cost in the production process is reduced, and the enterprise benefit is improved.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.

Example one

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

and extruding the aluminum alloy casting by using an extruder, heating the aluminum bar to 425 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile through the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 490 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 6.5 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extrusion cylinder was 440 ℃.

The discharging temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 515 ℃.

Example two

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

extruding the aluminum alloy casting by adopting an extruder, heating an aluminum bar to 410 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile by using the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 483 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 5.5 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extruder barrel was 436 ℃.

The discharging temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 505 ℃.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

and extruding the aluminum alloy casting by using an extruder, heating the aluminum bar to 416 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile through the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 486 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 6 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extruder barrel was 436 ℃.

The discharging temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 510 ℃.

Example four

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

and extruding the aluminum alloy casting by using an extruder, heating the aluminum bar to 434 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile by using the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 494 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 7 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extruder barrel was 444 ℃.

The discharge temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 520 ℃.

EXAMPLE five

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

and extruding the aluminum alloy casting by adopting an extruder, heating the aluminum bar to 440 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile through the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 497 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 7.5 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.43 percent of iron, 0.12 percent of copper, 1.125 percent of manganese, 0.10 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extruder barrel was 447 ℃.

The discharge temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 525 ℃.

EXAMPLE six

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

and extruding the aluminum alloy casting by using an extruder, heating the aluminum bar to 425 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile through the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 490 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 6.5 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.42 percent of silicon, 0.39 percent of iron, 0.09 percent of copper, 1.09 percent of manganese, 0.13 percent of zinc, 0.06 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extrusion cylinder was 440 ℃.

The discharging temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 515 ℃.

EXAMPLE seven

The embodiment provides an extrusion process of an ultrahigh-precision aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:

and extruding the aluminum alloy casting by using an extruder, heating the aluminum bar to 425 ℃, conveying the aluminum bar into an extrusion cylinder, and extruding the aluminum profile through the extrusion cylinder and a die, wherein the temperature of the die is 490 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 6.5 mm/s.

The chemical components of the aluminum alloy section meet the following conditions: calculated by mass percent, 0.39 percent of silicon, 0.47 percent of iron, 0.15 percent of copper, 1.17 percent of manganese, 0.11 percent of zinc, 0.05 percent of titanium and the balance of aluminum.

And (4) polishing the die of the extruding machine before the machine, wherein the forward polishing is adopted.

The sand paper used for polishing the die is 600 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.

The temperature of the extrusion cylinder was 440 ℃.

The discharging temperature of the aluminum profile of the extruder is 515 ℃.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.