阅读说明：本技术 一种外墙保温防水腻子及其制备方法 (External wall heat-insulating waterproof putty and preparation method thereof ) 是由 孙万万 周紫晨 张冰 曾明 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种外墙保温防水腻子及其制备方法,按重量份,包括以下原料：水泥15-30份；气相二氧化硅8-18份；粉煤灰漂珠8-16份；重质碳酸钙4-10份；羟丙基甲基纤维素1-2份；硅溶胶1-2份；胶粉0.3-0.6份；三乙醇胺1-1.5份；双丙酮丙烯酰胺2-4份；水30-40份。本发明所制备的保温防水腻子能很好地与外墙保温涂料搭配使用,可有效提高保温防水腻子的保温隔热性能和施工性能,节能功效整体可提高30％以上。本发明不仅能有效提高腻子的防水性能,还能显著增强其粘接强度和抗裂性能。(The invention provides exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty and a preparation method thereof, wherein the exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of cement; 8-18 parts of fumed silica; 8-16 parts of fly ash floating beads; 4-10 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; 1-2 parts of silica sol; 0.3-0.6 part of rubber powder; 1-1.5 parts of triethanolamine; 2-4 parts of diacetone acrylamide; 30-40 parts of water. The heat-insulating waterproof putty prepared by the invention can be well matched with external wall heat-insulating paint for use, can effectively improve the heat-insulating property and the construction performance of the heat-insulating waterproof putty, and can improve the overall energy-saving effect by more than 30%. The invention not only can effectively improve the waterproof performance of the putty, but also can obviously enhance the bonding strength and the crack resistance of the putty.)

1. The exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of cement; 8-18 parts of fumed silica; 8-16 parts of fly ash floating beads; 4-10 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; 1-2 parts of silica sol; 0.3-0.6 part of rubber powder; 1-1.5 parts of triethanolamine; 2-4 parts of diacetone acrylamide; 30-40 parts of water.

2. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising 1-2 parts of an antibacterial agent.

3. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising 1-2 parts of dispersant.

4. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 1, which further comprises 2-5 parts of a defoaming agent.

5. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fumed silica is surface modified fumed silica, and the preparation method of the surface modified fumed silica comprises the following steps: adding the polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer into ethanol, adding zirconium nitrate and butyl titanate, uniformly mixing, adding silicon dioxide, and finally drying to obtain the modified fumed silica.

6. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer: butyl titanate: zirconium nitrate: the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide is 0.06-0.18: 6.0: 1.8-2.4: 24 to 30.

7. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in the preparation method of the surface modified fumed silica, by mass, 40-55 parts of ethanol and 24-30 parts of silica are used.

8. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that 18-25 parts of cement in the raw materials; 12-18 parts of fumed silica; 10-15 parts of fly ash floating beads.

9. The exterior wall thermal insulation waterproof putty as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement is portland cement.

10. The preparation method of the external wall thermal insulation waterproof putty according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that the external wall thermal insulation waterproof putty is obtained by mixing the raw material components.

Technical Field

The invention relates to external wall heat-insulating waterproof putty and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of external wall heat-insulating materials.

Background

In 2015, China begins to implement the building energy-saving and emission-reduction 65% standard, and in order to achieve the energy-saving standard, the external wall heat-insulating coating is widely adopted. The reflective heat-insulating coating for the outer wall mainly adopts a near-infrared reflection principle, so that a near-infrared part generating heat in sunlight is directly reflected out, and heat accumulation is not formed on the surface of a wall body, so that a heat-insulating effect is achieved, but the heat-insulating and reflecting effects of the reflective heat-insulating coating are limited due to the limited coating thickness of the heat-insulating coating, and cannot completely and effectively reach the national standard, so that the reflective heat-insulating coating needs to be matched with other heat-insulating materials, such as heat-insulating putty, so that the requirement of building energy conservation is met.

The heat-insulating waterproof putty is only one of heat-insulating materials, and is different from other heat-insulating materials. Firstly, the heat-insulating waterproof putty is a decorative material for leveling the surface of a wall body, is generally used as a leveling layer of a coating bottom layer in indoor decoration, and is an indispensable matching material for building decoration; secondly, the heat-insulating waterproof putty is a novel heat-insulating material, has good economic benefit, and has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, good heat-insulating effect, simple and convenient construction and the like, thereby being more and more attracted by people.

After the existing heat-insulating waterproof putty is constructed, the heat-insulating layer and a building main body form wall surface cracking, water seepage and veneer falling due to thermal expansion and cold contraction; the application in high-rise buildings constitutes a serious potential safety hazard. Meanwhile, if the water seepage of the heat-insulating layer is 1%, the heat-insulating performance is reduced by 25%. In addition, the construction speed is slow, the external wall heat-insulating materials fall to hurt people, the heat-insulating materials after maintenance treatment cannot be degraded, a large amount of construction waste is formed, and the defects also cause that the heat-insulating effect and the service life are greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problems that the adhesive strength, the crack resistance and the heat-insulating property of the exterior wall putty need to be improved, and the heat-insulating waterproof putty with better comprehensive performance is relatively lacked.

The invention solves the technical problem of providing the exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of cement; 8-18 parts of fumed silica; 8-16 parts of fly ash floating beads; 4-10 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; 1-2 parts of silica sol; 0.3-0.6 part of rubber powder; 1-1.5 parts of triethanolamine; 2-4 parts of diacetone acrylamide; 30-40 parts of water.

Preferably, the exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty also comprises 1-2 parts of an antibacterial agent.

Preferably, the exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty also comprises 1-2 parts of a dispersing agent.

Preferably, the exterior wall heat-insulating waterproof putty also comprises 2-5 parts of a defoaming agent.

Preferably, the fumed silica is a surface-modified fumed silica, and the preparation method of the surface-modified fumed silica comprises the following steps: adding the polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer into ethanol, adding zirconium nitrate and butyl titanate, uniformly mixing, adding silicon dioxide, and finally drying to obtain the modified fumed silica.

Preferably, the polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer: butyl titanate: zirconium nitrate: the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide is 0.06-0.18: 6.0: 1.8-2.4: 24 to 30.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the surface-modified fumed silica, 40-55 parts by mass of ethanol and 24-30 parts by mass of silica are used.

18-25 parts of cement in the raw materials; 12-18 parts of fumed silica; 10-15 parts of fly ash floating beads.

Preferably, the cement is portland cement.

As the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the exterior wall heat-insulation waterproof putty, which is to mix the raw material components to obtain the exterior wall heat-insulation waterproof putty.

The invention utilizes the fumed silica and the floating beads as the heat insulation aggregate, so that the prepared heat insulation waterproof putty can be well matched with the exterior wall heat insulation coating for use, and the heat insulation performance and the construction performance of the heat insulation waterproof putty can be effectively improved. The surface of the fumed silica (particularly modified fumed silica) has a great amount of silicon hydroxyl groups which generate dehydration with the silicon hydroxyl groups in the silica sol, so that the hydroxyl groups with a certain proportion on the surface of the silica sol are passivated, the original adhesiveness of the silica sol is maintained, the putty surface layer formed by excessive dehydration and excessive volume shrinkage is not cracked, and meanwhile, the diacetone acrylamide is coated on the surface of the silica sol through self-polymerization, so that a place is provided for the absorption and polymerization of emulsion, the problem of poor compatibility of inorganic nanoparticles and organic phase is solved, the waterproof performance of the putty can be effectively improved, and the bonding strength and the crack resistance of the putty can be obviously enhanced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the heat-insulating waterproof putty prepared by the invention can be well matched with external wall heat-insulating paint for use, can effectively improve the heat-insulating property and the construction performance of the heat-insulating waterproof putty, and can improve the overall energy-saving effect by more than 30%.

(2) The exterior wall putty provided by the invention can not crack the surface layer of the formed putty due to excessive water loss and excessive volume shrinkage, and not only can effectively improve the waterproof performance of the putty, but also can remarkably enhance the bonding strength and crack resistance of the putty.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides heat-insulating waterproof putty for building exterior walls, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight (as shown in table 1):

42.5 parts of Portland cement; 15 parts of modified fumed silica; 10 parts of fly ash floating beads; 5 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; 1.5 parts of silica sol; 0.5 part of rubber powder; 4 parts of a defoaming agent; 2 parts of triethanolamine; 1 part of a dispersant; 1 part of a bactericide; 4 parts of diacetone acrylamide; and 30 parts of water.

The preparation method of the modified fumed silica comprises the following steps: adding 0.12 part by mass of polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer (P123) into 50 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dissolving to obtain a template agent solution, adding 3 parts by mass of zirconium nitrate and 6 parts by mass of butyl titanate into the template agent solution, stirring at room temperature for 5 hours, adding 25 parts by mass of silicon dioxide, uniformly mixing, finally placing in a vacuum oven, drying and taking out to obtain modified fumed silica;

the preparation method of the heat-insulating waterproof putty for the building outer wall comprises the following steps:

(1) adding 42.5 of Portland cement, fly ash floating beads, rubber powder, cellulose ether, heavy calcium carbonate, a defoaming agent, an antibacterial agent, triethanolamine and the like in a formula amount into a stirring tank, controlling the rotating speed to be 100r/min, stirring for 5min, adding the modified fumed silica in the formula amount, and continuing stirring for 7 min;

(2) and opening a discharge valve of the stirring tank, and placing the uniformly stirred dry powder in a storage box to obtain the powder.

The construction process of the heat-insulating waterproof putty comprises the following steps:

(1) the construction environment temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, and the relative air humidity is not more than 85%; the base surface is firm and clean, and has no oil stain and loose objects;

(2) adding 3 parts of clear water into the container, adding 7 parts of heat-insulating waterproof putty, fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer, standing for 6min, and then uniformly stirring again to construct the heat-insulating waterproof putty;

(3) uniformly scraping the mixed mucilage on the base surface by using a putty spatula, and determining the scraping times according to the actual thickness; the stirred material is used up within 2h, the construction thickness of the heat-insulating waterproof putty is not more than 15mm, the thickness of the first batch scraping is 5-8mm, and the construction is carried out after the first surface drying in the second batch scraping process;

(4) and after the last construction is finished, polishing the heat-insulating waterproof putty by using fine abrasive paper after the heat-insulating waterproof putty is dried.

Example 2:

the composition of the heat-insulating waterproof putty provided by the embodiment is shown in table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that: during construction, after 3.5 parts of clear water is added into the container, 6.5 parts of heat-insulating waterproof putty is added.

Example 3:

the composition of the heat-insulating waterproof putty provided by the embodiment is shown in table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that: during construction, 4 parts of clear water is added into the container, and 6 parts of heat-insulating waterproof putty is added.

Comparative example 1

The heat preservation and waterproof putty provided by the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1, and the difference is only that: the heat-insulating waterproof putty does not contain diacetone acrylamide.

Comparative example 2

The heat preservation and waterproof putty provided by the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1, and the difference is only that: the heat-insulating waterproof putty does not contain diacetone acrylamide.

Example 4

The heat preservation and waterproof putty provided by the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is only that: the heat-insulating waterproof putty uses common fumed silica (without surface modification).

The examples and comparative example formulations are given in table 1 below:

table 1: example and comparative example composition of ingredients

Components	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Example 4
							Cement	20	20	25	20	20	20
Modification of SiO2	15	10	10	15	15	0
							General SiO2	0	0	0	0	0	15
Ground calcium carbonate	5	8	10	5	5	5
							Flyash floating bead	10	12	15	10	10	10
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	1	2	1	1	1	1
							Silica sol	1.5	1	1.5	1.5	0	1.5
Rubber powder	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
							Defoaming agent	4	2.5	2	4	4	4
Antibacterial agent	2	2	1	2	2	2
							Triethanolamine	1	2	1	1	1	1
Dispersing agent	1	2	1	1	1	1
							Diacetone acrylamide	4	3	2	0	4	4
Water (W)	30	35	30	34	31.5	30

Putty Performance testing

Heat conductivity: the finished products of the examples and the comparative examples were prepared into 10mm × 1mm samples, cured for 7 days, dried to constant weight, and measured for thermal conductivity at 25 ℃ by a laser thermal analyzer, and the measurement results are shown in the following table 2:

cracking resistance: the crack resistance of the finished products in the examples and the comparative examples is tested according to the standard JG/T1572009, and the test results are classified into four grades of excellent, good, medium and poor, and the results are shown in the following table 2:

bonding strength: the adhesive strength test was carried out on the finished products of examples and comparative examples according to the national standard JG/T242000, item 6.14, and the test results are shown in the following Table 2:

the following are the performance tests of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, the results are shown in Table 2:

table 2: results of tests of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2

As shown in Table 2, the thermal conductivity of the putty in the embodiment 4 is significantly higher than that of the putty in the embodiments 1-3, which shows that the self-made modified fumed silica can effectively reduce the thermal conductivity of the putty, and the initial cracking resistance and the volume water absorption of the ions in the embodiment 1 are better than those in the comparative examples 1 and 2, because a large amount of silicon hydroxyl groups on the surface of the self-made modified silica and the silicon hydroxyl groups in the silica sol are dehydrated, a certain proportion of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the silica sol are passivated, so that the silica sol can not crack the surface layer of the putty due to excessive water loss and excessive volume shrinkage while the original adhesiveness is maintained, and meanwhile, the diacetone acrylamide is coated on the surface of the silica sol by self-polymerization, so that a place is provided for the absorption and polymerization of the emulsion, the problem of poor compatibility of the inorganic nanoparticles and the organic phase is solved, and the waterproof performance of the putty can be effectively improved, but also can obviously enhance the bonding strength and the crack resistance. The foregoing detailed description is given by way of example only and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent, as defined by the appended claims, as any equivalent variations or modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the patent.