阅读说明：本技术 一种基于微波致裂水泥石技术的地砖拆除方法及拆除装置 (Floor tile dismantling method and device based on microwave fracturing set cement technology ) 是由 傅环宇 郑彦龙 李建春 何磊 张琦 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于地砖拆除技术领域,具体涉及一种基于微波致裂水泥石技术的地砖拆除方法及拆除装置,所述拆除方法保证在移动过程中微波聚焦天线始终对准地砖之间的水泥浆缝,选用合适的照射工况对水泥浆缝进行移动微波照射,直至水泥浆缝受热产生沿深度方向的贯穿性裂缝,再通过人工或者真空吸盘和千斤顶配合或者铲除组件将松动的地砖块与下部干硬性水泥砂浆层脱离；所述拆除装置包括微波电源、微波系统、屏蔽箱体、移动装置、传感器系统、微波聚焦天线、真空吸盘、千斤顶以及铲除组件。本发明的拆除方法和拆除装置利用微波选择性加热水泥石的特点,促使地砖之间的水泥浆缝产生开裂,实现地砖的安静拆除及完整回收。(The invention belongs to the technical field of floor tile dismantling, and particularly relates to a floor tile dismantling method and a dismantling device based on a microwave fracturing cement stone technology, wherein the dismantling method ensures that a microwave focusing antenna is always aligned to a cement slurry seam between floor tiles in the moving process, the cement slurry seam is subjected to moving microwave irradiation under a proper irradiation working condition until the cement slurry seam is heated to generate a penetrating crack along the depth direction, and loose floor tiles are separated from a lower dry and hard cement mortar layer through cooperation of a manual or vacuum sucking disc and a jack or a shoveling component; the dismounting device comprises a microwave power supply, a microwave system, a shielding box body, a moving device, a sensor system, a microwave focusing antenna, a vacuum chuck, a jack and a shoveling assembly. The method and the device for demolishing the floor tiles utilize the characteristic that the cement paste is selectively heated by microwaves to promote the cement paste seams between the floor tiles to crack, thereby realizing quiet demolition and complete recovery of the floor tiles.)

1. The utility model provides a ceramic tile demolishs method based on microwave fracturing set cement technique, the layered structure of ceramic tile includes the dry and hard cement mortar layer on the floor tile body layer, the grout body layer of middle level and the bottom of upper strata, its characterized in that: the method comprises a dismantling device, wherein the dismantling device comprises a microwave system and a microwave focusing antenna, the microwave system is used for converting direct current electric energy into microwave energy and providing stable continuous waves to output high-power microwaves, and the microwave focusing antenna is used for outputting the high-power microwaves generated by the microwave system, and the dismantling method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1, sampling

S1-1, randomly selecting n sampling points in the area to be dismantled, wherein the selected sampling points are cement slurry gaps between any two adjacent floor tiles;

s1-2, respectively coring at n sampling points by using a concrete drilling core-drilling machine to obtain n samples;

step S2, confirming the value of each layered geometric parameter

S2-1, respectively measuring the thicknesses of the floor tile body layer, the cement slurry layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer in the n samples to obtain n floor tile body layer thickness values, n cement slurry layer thickness values and n dry and hard cement mortar layer thickness values;

s2-2, averaging the thickness values of the n floor tile body layers to obtain D₁And averaging the thickness values of the n cement paste layers to obtain D₂Averaging the thickness values of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers to obtain D₃；

Step S3, confirming the moisture content of each layer

S3-1, respectively measuring the water content of the floor tile body layer, the cement slurry layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer in the n samples to obtain the water content of the n floor tile body layers, the water content of the n cement slurry layers and the water content of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers;

s3-2, averaging the water content of n floor tile body layers to obtain omega₁And averaging the water contents of n cement slurry layers to obtain omega₂And averaging the water contents of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers to obtain omega₃；

Step S4, confirming dielectric parameters of each layer

According to the water content of each layer obtained in the step S3-1 and omega obtained in the step S3-2₁、ω₂、ω₃Querying the dielectric parameter table to obtain omega₁Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₁’、ε₁”，ω₂Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₂’、ε₂”，ω₃Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₃’、ε₃”；

Step S5, confirming the irradiation time t

S5-1, presetting test power, preset test temperature and preset microwave frequency output by the microwave system;

s5-2, Using D obtained in step S2₁ 、D₂ 、D₃And ε obtained in step S4₁’、 ε₁”、 ε₂’、ε₂”、 ε₃’、ε₃", establish 1: 1 finite element model;

s5-3, simulating an irradiation process in finite element software according to the preset test power, the preset test temperature, the preset microwave frequency output by the microwave system in the step S5-1 and the finite element model established in the step S5-2 to obtain a temperature distribution map changing along with time;

s5-4, finishing to obtain the time required by the highest temperature in the temperature distribution diagram to reach the preset test temperature as the irradiation time t;

step S6, confirming the moving speed v of the demolition device

S6-1, measuring the length d of the cement slurry seam covered by the output end of the microwave focusing antenna in vertical projection;

s6-2, combining the irradiation time t in the step 5 and d in the step S6-1 to obtain the moving speed v of the demolition device;

step S7, carrying out dismantling work

And (4) opening the dismantling device, moving the dismantling device by the v obtained in the step 6, and dismantling the floor tiles in the dismantling area.

2. The floor tile dismantling method based on the microwave fracturing cement stone technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the calculation formula of the moving speed v of the demolition apparatus in step S6-2 is: v = d/t.

3. The floor tile dismantling method based on the microwave fracturing set cement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S7, the distance between the outlet end of the microwave focusing antenna and the vertical direction of the cement slurry gap is within 5 mm.

4. The utility model provides a ceramic tile demolishs device based on microwave fracturing set cement technique which characterized in that includes:

the moving device is arranged on the ground and used for driving the dismounting device to move;

the shielding box body is arranged above the mobile device;

the microwave power supply is arranged outside the shielding box body and provides electric energy for the dismounting device;

the microwave system is arranged in the shielding box body and used for converting direct current electric energy into microwave energy and providing stable continuous waves to output high-power microwaves;

the microwave focusing antenna is connected with the microwave system and used for outputting microwaves generated by the microwave system to dismantle the floor tiles.

5. A floor tile dismantling device based on the microwave fracturing cement stone technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: the control system is used for planning the moving route of the dismantling device and controlling the operation and the moving direction of the dismantling device.

6. A floor tile dismantling device based on the microwave fracturing cement stone technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: still include sensor system, sensor system includes ultrasonic sensor and optical sensor, wherein:

the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the top of the shielding box body and used for integrally scanning a demolition area and forming and storing a topographic map of the demolition area in the control system;

the optical sensor is arranged at the outlet of the microwave focusing antenna and used for positioning the microwave focusing antenna so as to ensure that cement slurry gaps among the floor tiles are covered on the vertical projection of the output end of the microwave focusing antenna.

7. A floor tile removal device based on the microwave fracturing cement stone technology according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: still include vacuum chuck, vacuum chuck install in the mobile device bottom.

8. A floor tile dismantling device based on the microwave fracturing cement stone technology according to claim 7, wherein: the mobile device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of jacks, and the jacks are arranged at the bottom edge of the mobile device.

9. The floor tile dismantling device based on the microwave fracturing cement stone technology as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the mobile device is characterized by further comprising a shoveling component, wherein the shoveling component is installed at the bottom of the mobile device, and the shoveling direction of the shoveling component is consistent with the advancing direction of the mobile device.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of floor tile dismantling, and particularly relates to a floor tile dismantling method and a floor tile dismantling device based on a microwave fracturing cement stone technology.

Background

At present, in the process of indoor decoration of civil buildings, the existing floor tiles are usually removed, and the existing removal mode is mainly that workers break all the floor tiles by using tools such as air picks, hammers, chisels and the like, and then collect the broken floor tiles. The mode inevitably generates a great deal of noise and vibration in the process of crushing the floor tiles, and the use in residential areas is strictly limited; the original intact floor tile must be destroyed in the process of dismantling, which does not meet the requirements of environmental protection and saving, and especially causes great waste when the floor tile is reworked and re-paved in the construction process; the labor intensity of workers is high, and the splashed ground tile fragments can cause personal injury; in addition, the controllability of electric tools such as an air pick is poor, and structural members such as a floor slab and a cross beam can be damaged in the dismantling process, so that structural damage and potential safety hazards are caused. Therefore, a new method for removing floor tiles with safety, high efficiency, environmental protection, silence and low vibration needs to be provided according to the characteristics of floor tile laying.

Disclosure of Invention

Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention effectively solves the problems of disturbing residents by noise, high labor intensity and the like in mechanical dismantling, simultaneously avoids the damage to the floor tiles and house structures in the dismantling process, realizes the complete recovery of the floor tiles, and effectively improves the dismantling efficiency of the floor tiles.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a floor tile removing method based on a microwave fracturing cement stone technology is characterized in that a layered structure of a floor tile comprises an upper floor tile body layer, a middle cement slurry layer and a bottom dry and hard cement slurry layer, the removing device comprises a removing device, the removing device comprises a microwave system and a microwave focusing antenna, the microwave system is used for converting direct current electric energy into microwave energy and providing stable continuous waves to output high-power microwaves, the microwave focusing antenna is used for outputting the high-power microwaves generated by the microwave system, and the removing method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1, sampling

S1-1, randomly selecting n sampling points in the area to be dismantled, wherein the selected sampling points are cement slurry gaps between any two adjacent floor tiles;

s1-2, respectively coring at n sampling points by using a concrete drilling core-drilling machine to obtain n samples;

step S2, confirming the value of each layered geometric parameter

S2-1, respectively measuring the thicknesses of the floor tile body layer, the cement slurry layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer in the n samples to obtain n floor tile body layer thickness values, n cement slurry layer thickness values and n dry and hard cement mortar layer thickness values;

s2-2, averaging the thickness values of the n floor tile body layers to obtain D₁And averaging the thickness values of the n cement paste layers to obtain D₂Averaging the thickness values of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers to obtain D₃；

Step S3, confirming the moisture content of each layer

S3-1, respectively measuring the water content of the floor tile body layer, the cement slurry layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer in the n samples to obtain the water content of the n floor tile body layers, the water content of the n cement slurry layers and the water content of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers;

s3-2, averaging the water content of n floor tile body layers to obtain omega₁And averaging the water contents of n cement slurry layers to obtain omega₂And averaging the water contents of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers to obtain omega₃；

Step S4, confirming dielectric parameters of each layer

According to the water content of each layer obtained in the step S3-1 and omega obtained in the step S3-2₁、ω₂、ω₃Querying the dielectric parameter table to obtain omega₁Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₁’、ε₁”，ω₂Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₂’、ε₂”，ω₃Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₃’、ε₃”；

Step S5, confirming the irradiation time t

S5-1, presetting test power, preset test temperature and preset microwave frequency output by the microwave system;

s5-2, Using D obtained in step S2₁ 、D₂ 、D₃And ε obtained in step S4₁’、 ε₁”、 ε₂’、ε₂”、 ε₃’、ε₃", establish 1: 1 finite element model;

s5-3, simulating an irradiation process in finite element software according to the preset test power, the preset test temperature, the preset microwave frequency output by the microwave system in the step S5-1 and the finite element model established in the step S5-2 to obtain a temperature distribution map changing along with time;

s5-4, finishing to obtain the time required by the highest temperature in the temperature distribution diagram to reach the preset test temperature as the irradiation time t;

step S6, confirming the moving speed v of the demolition device

S6-1, measuring the length d of the cement slurry seam covered by the output end of the microwave focusing antenna in vertical projection;

s6-2, combining the irradiation time t in the step 5 and d in the step S6-1 to obtain the moving speed v of the demolition device;

step S7, carrying out dismantling work

And (4) opening the dismantling device, moving the dismantling device by the v obtained in the step 6, and dismantling the floor tiles in the dismantling area.

As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula of the moving speed v of the demolition apparatus in step S6-2 is: v = d/t.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, the distance between the outlet end of the microwave focusing antenna and the vertical direction of the cement slurry slot is within 5 mm.

Still provide a ceramic tile demolishs device based on microwave fracturing set cement technique, demolish the device and include:

the moving device is arranged on the ground and used for driving the dismounting device to move;

the shielding box body is arranged above the mobile device;

the microwave power supply is arranged outside the shielding box body and provides electric energy for the dismounting device;

the microwave system is arranged in the shielding box body and used for converting direct current electric energy into microwave energy and providing stable continuous waves to output high-power microwaves;

the microwave focusing antenna is connected with the microwave system and used for outputting microwaves generated by the microwave system to dismantle the floor tiles.

As a further preferred of the present invention, the demolition device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is used for planning the moving route of the demolition device and controlling the operation and the moving direction of the demolition device.

As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, further comprising a sensor system including an ultrasonic sensor and an optical sensor, wherein:

the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the top of the shielding box body and used for integrally scanning a demolition area and forming and storing a topographic map of the demolition area in the control system;

the optical sensor is arranged at the outlet of the microwave focusing antenna and used for positioning the microwave focusing antenna to ensure that cement gaps among ceramic tiles are covered under the vertical projection of the output end of the microwave focusing antenna.

As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the mobile device further comprises a vacuum chuck mounted on the bottom of the mobile device.

As a further preferred feature of the present invention, the mobile device further comprises a plurality of jacks, and the jacks are arranged at the bottom edge of the mobile device.

As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the mobile device further includes a shoveling assembly, the shoveling assembly is mounted at a bottom of the mobile device, and a shoveling direction of the shoveling assembly coincides with a forward direction of the mobile device.

Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, by utilizing the characteristic that the cement stone is selectively heated by high-power density microwaves, cement gaps among the floor tiles are cracked, so that the connection among the adjacent floor tiles is damaged, and then the application of external force is carried out through the vacuum chuck, so that the integrity of the ground is greatly weakened while each floor tile is ensured to be intact, and the quiet and controllable dismantling of the floor tiles is realized; or the external force is applied through the shoveling assembly, so that the floor tile is efficiently and quickly dismantled.

2. The invention is provided with a sensor system and a control system, thereby realizing the autonomous movement of the dismounting device and the automatic dismounting work.

3. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of vacuum suction cups, the microwave-irradiated dismantling device is more tightly connected with the floor tile, and the microwave-irradiated floor tile is more conveniently separated from the dry and hard cement mortar layer.

4. The invention is also provided with a shoveling component for efficiently and quickly shoveling the floor tiles.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the microwave irradiation operation of the microwave focusing antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the vacuum chuck of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the operation of the scraping assembly of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the complete removal apparatus for floor tiles of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a quick tile removal apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the present invention during removal of the tile;

in the figure: 1. a microwave power supply; 2. a microwave generator; 3. a circulator; 4. an automatic impedance matcher; 5. a quartz isolation window; 6. a 90 degree elbow waveguide; 7. a microwave focusing antenna; 8. water loading; 9. an ultrasonic sensor; 10. an optical sensor; 11. a shielding box body; 12. a mobile device; 13. a vacuum chuck; 14. a jack; 15. a scraping assembly.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.

The existing floor tile laying process determines the layered structure of the floor tile, the layered structure of the floor tile comprises an upper floor tile body layer, a middle cement slurry layer and a bottom dry and hard cement slurry layer, the microwave absorption capacity and the mechanical strength of each layer of the structure are different greatly, and the microwave absorption capacity is represented by dielectric parameters (the dielectric parameters comprise dielectric constant and loss factor). The cement stone, namely hardened cement paste, is a good microwave absorbing material in a natural state; the floor tile body is usually made of materials such as ceramics or stone, and has the microwave transparent characteristic, so that the microwave is hardly absorbed; in the dry and hard cement mortar, the consumption of cement is small, the mixing water consumption is low, the consumption of sand is large, namely the quartz content is high, so the microwave absorption capacity is weak. Therefore, when the floor tile structure is irradiated by microwaves, cement grout gaps between the floor tiles are selectively heated firstly, the cement grout gaps are easy to burst and crack along the depth direction due to the existence of closed pore water, and the floor tile body layer and the dry and hard cement grout layer can be kept intact under the irradiation of the microwaves.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a preferred embodiment, a method for removing floor tiles based on a microwave fracturing cement stone technology, the method for removing floor tiles relates to a removing device, the removing device comprises a moving device 12, a shielding box 11, a microwave power supply 1, a microwave system, and a microwave focusing antenna 7, wherein:

the moving device 12 is arranged on the ground and used for driving the dismantling device to move in the area to be dismantled; further, the moving device 12 includes a top plate and a plurality of universal wheels, the bottom of the top plate is provided with a plurality of universal wheels, preferably, the number of the universal wheels is four, the four universal wheels are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the top plate, and the moving device 12 can move in any direction through the universal wheels.

The shielding box 11 is disposed above the moving device 12 for covering the microwave system inside the shielding box 11, so as to prevent dust and dust while preventing the microwave system from harming surrounding people.

The microwave power supply 1 is arranged outside the shielding box body 11, the microwave power supply 1 is connected with the dismounting device through a circuit, and the microwave power supply 1 provides electric energy for the dismounting device.

The microwave system is arranged inside the shielding box body 11 and is used for converting direct current electric energy into microwave energy and providing stable continuous waves to output high-power microwaves. The microwave system comprises a microwave generator 2, a circulator, an automatic impedance matcher 4, a quartz isolation window 5, a water load 8 and a 90-degree elbow waveguide 6, wherein the microwave generator 2, the circulator, the automatic impedance matcher 4, the quartz isolation window 5 and the 90-degree elbow waveguide 6 are sequentially arranged from the rear end part to the front end part of a shielding box body 11. The automatic impedance matcher 4 is used for acquiring signals with the frequency not lower than 100Hz, and the time of pin matching action in the automatic impedance matcher 4 is less than 0.2 s. The water load 8 is disposed below the circulator.

The input end of the microwave focusing antenna 7 is connected with the output end of the 90-degree elbow waveguide 6, the output end faces to a cement mortar joint between two adjacent floor tiles, and the microwave power density of the output end of the microwave focusing antenna 7 is not lower than 100W/cm². The microwave focusing antenna 7 is used for outputting microwaves generated by a microwave system, the microwaves irradiate on the cement mortar joints to crack the cement mortar joints, and the floor tile body layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer are not cracked, so that a certain force is applied to separate the floor tile from the dry and hard cement mortar layer, and the floor tile is detached while the integrity of the floor tile is ensured.

Based on the dismantling device, the dismantling method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1, sampling

S1-1, randomly selecting n sampling points in the area to be dismantled, wherein the selected sampling points are cement slurry seams between any two adjacent floor tiles, and n is more than or equal to 3;

s1-2, respectively coring at N sampling points by using a concrete drilling core-drilling machine to obtain N samples;

preferably, the diameter of coring is 5cm, and the coring depth needs to include floor tile body layer, grout body layer and hard cement mortar layer, requires that the hard cement mortar layer of getting is complete.

Step S2, confirming the value of each layered geometric parameter

S2-1, respectively measuring the thicknesses of the floor tile body layer, the cement slurry layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer in the n samples to obtain n floor tile body layer thickness values, n cement slurry layer thickness values and n dry and hard cement mortar layer thickness values, wherein:

defining the thickness of the floor tile body layer as h₁Thickness h of cement paste layer₂Thickness h of dry and hard cement mortar layer₃The thickness values of the n floor tile body layers are h_1-1、h_1-2……h_1-nThe thickness values of n cement slurry layers are h_2-1、h_2-2……h_2-nThe thickness values of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers are respectively h_3-1、h_3-2……h_3-n。

S2-2, averaging the thickness values of the n floor tile body layers to obtain D₁And averaging the thickness values of the n cement paste layers to obtain D₂Averaging the thickness values of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers to obtain D₃Wherein:

D₁= （h_1-1+h_1-2+……+h_1-n）/n

D₂= （h_2-1+h_2-2+……+h_2-n）/n

D₃=（ h_3-1+h_3-2+……+h_3-n）/n。

step S3, confirming the moisture content of each layer

S3-1, respectively measuring the water content of the floor tile body layer, the cement slurry layer and the dry and hard cement mortar layer in the N samples to obtain the water content of the N floor tile body layers, the water content of the N cement slurry layers and the water content of the N dry and hard cement mortar layers;

s3-2, averaging the water content of n floor tile body layers to obtain omega₁And averaging the water contents of n cement slurry layers to obtain omega₂And averaging the water contents of the n dry and hard cement mortar layers to obtain omega₃；

Step S4, confirming dielectric parameters of each layer

According to the water content of each layer obtained in the step S3-1And ω obtained in step S3-2₁、ω₂、ω₃Querying the dielectric parameter table to obtain omega₁Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₁’、ε₁”，ω₂Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₂’、ε₂”，ω₃Corresponding dielectric parameter ε₃’、ε₃", wherein:

for substituted ω₁、ω₂、ω₃The corresponding dielectric parameter value can not be found in the dielectric parameter table, and the corresponding dielectric parameter value is obtained by interpolation calculation;

step S5, confirming the irradiation time t

S5-1, presetting test power, presetting test temperature and presetting microwave frequency output by a microwave system, wherein:

preferably, the larger the power is, the shorter the time is, so that the maximum power of the preset test power is 2kW, and the working time is saved; the test temperature range is 170-230 ℃, and 200 ℃ is selected as the preset test temperature in the embodiment; when the microwave frequency is higher, the highest temperature that can heat is higher, but the heating depth is corresponding can be more shallow, can not suffer high temperature to destroy in order to guarantee the floor of dry and hard cement mortar layer below, predetermines the microwave frequency of microwave system output in this embodiment and chooses for use 2.45GHz, when satisfying the requirement to grout body layer heating, the realization can not cause the requirement of damage to the floor of dry and hard cement mortar layer below.

S5-2, Using D obtained in step S2₁ 、D₂ 、D₃And ε obtained in step S4₁’、ε₁”、ε₂’、ε₂”、ε₃’、ε₃", establish 1: 1 finite element model;

s5-3, simulating an irradiation process in finite element software according to the preset test power of 2kW, the preset test temperature, the preset microwave frequency of 2.45GHz output by the microwave system, the selected microwave focusing antenna model (different microwave focusing antenna models and different feed port sizes) and the finite element model established in the step S5-2 in the step S5-1 to obtain a temperature distribution map changing along with time;

s5-4, finishing to obtain the time required by the highest temperature in the temperature distribution diagram to reach the preset test temperature of 200 ℃ as the irradiation time t;

step S6, confirming the moving speed v of the demolition device

S6-1, measuring the length d of the cement slurry seam covered by the output end of the microwave focusing antenna 7 under the vertical projection;

s6-2, combining the irradiation time t obtained in the step 5 and d obtained in the step S6-1, obtaining the moving speed v of the demolition device, wherein:

v=d/t。

step S7, carrying out dismantling work

Moving the output end of the microwave focusing antenna 7 of the demolishing device to be opposite to a cement slurry seam between two adjacent floor tiles in an area to be demolished, wherein the distance between the outlet end of the microwave focusing antenna 7 and the vertical direction of the cement slurry seam is within 5 mm;

then, starting the dismounting device, and carrying out self-movement on the dismounting device according to the v obtained in the step 6, further, adjusting the direction of the dismounting device manually;

the cement mortar joint irradiated by the microwave is fully cracked, so that the floor tile (namely the floor tile body layer and the cement mortar layer) can be manually and directly separated from the dry and hard cement mortar layer, and the complete removal of the floor tile is realized. Because the mechanical strength between the floor tile body layer and the cement slurry layer is high, the dry and hard cement slurry layer is used as a leveling layer in construction, the cohesive force is poor, the tensile bearing capacity is extremely low, and when the strong connection between the floor tile body layer and the cement slurry layer is damaged by microwave irradiation, the floor tile can be detached from the top surface of the loose dry and hard cement slurry layer by a simple mechanical method. Because the dismantled floor tile comprises the floor tile body layer and the cement slurry layer, the dismantled floor tile can be buckled on the ground, and the microwave irradiation is continuously carried out on the cement slurry layer of the dismantled floor tile through the dismantling device, so that the cement slurry layer connected with the floor tile body layer is completely burst to be separated, and a clean floor tile body layer is obtained.

Wherein, before carrying out the work of demolising, can carry out calibration work once earlier: and (3) starting the demolition device in a small area to be demolished for irradiation by using the moving speed v obtained in the step (S6-2), observing the fracture effect of the cement slurry seam, finely adjusting the moving speed v according to the effect, and then performing the specific demolition work in the step (S7). (if the fracture effect does not reach the ideal fracture degree, the moving speed V is reduced; if the fracture effect exceeds the ideal fracture degree far, the moving speed V is increased; if the fracture effect is ideal, the vacuum chuck 13 can easily adsorb the floor tile or the shoveling component 15 can easily shovel the floor tile)

Regarding the speed variation amplitude: according to the general situation, 2kW and 20s fixed point irradiation can realize local cement paste cracking, the moving speed is converted, the obtained moving speed is about 0.5m/min, if the effect is found to be poor or too good by trial, the moving speed can be floated up and down by 0.1m/min, and then trial observation is carried out;

further, the above dismantling device further comprises a sensor system and a control system, wherein:

the sensor system comprises an ultrasonic sensor 9 and an optical sensor 10, wherein the ultrasonic sensor 9 is arranged at the top of a shielding box body 11 and used for integrally scanning a demolished area, then forming and storing a topographic map of the demolished area in a control system, and then planning a moving route; the optical sensor 10 is arranged at the outlet of the microwave focusing antenna 7 and used for positioning the microwave focusing antenna 7 to ensure that a cement slurry gap between two adjacent floor tiles is covered under the vertical projection of the output end of the microwave focusing antenna 7.

The control system is used for planning the moving route of the dismantling device and controlling the operation and the moving direction of the dismantling device; the control system comprises a computer and a controller, the controller is arranged on the mobile device 12, the controller receives the information of the sensor system, then the controller sends the information to the computer, the computer feeds back instructions to the controller, and the controller controls the dismounting device to make corresponding actions. The controller controls the starting, closing, moving speed and steering of the mobile device 12; the controller also controls the starting, closing and output power of the microwave system.

According to the further technical scheme, the sensor system and the control system can realize the autonomous movement and the automatic work of the dismounting device.

Further, the above-mentioned demolition apparatus further comprises a vacuum chuck 13, a plurality of jacks 14, and a telescoping mechanism (not shown in the telescoping mechanism diagram), wherein:

the vacuum suction cup 13 is arranged at the bottom of the moving device 12, and preferably, the vacuum suction cup 13 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the moving device 12 close to the microwave focusing antenna 7; the jacks 14 are arranged at the bottom of the mobile device 12, the number of the jacks 14 is 2 or 4, preferably, the number of the jacks 14 is 4, the jacks are distributed at four corners of the bottom of the mobile device 12, and the jacks 14 are directly controlled by a controller or are controlled by a control mechanism independently; the telescopic mechanism is arranged between the vacuum chuck 13 and the moving device 12 and used for controlling the vacuum chuck 13 to reciprocate up and down between the bottom of the moving device 12 and the floor tile, and the telescopic mechanism is directly controlled by a controller or is controlled by a control mechanism independently.

After microwave irradiation is carried out on cement slurry seams at four sides of one floor tile, the telescopic mechanism is controlled to drive the vacuum suction disc 13 to descend to be adsorbed on the surface of the floor tile; then the four jacks 14 synchronously operate, when the four jacks 14 contact the ground, the operation is continued until the removal device is jacked up, and meanwhile, the floor tile which is sucked by the vacuum suction disc 13 and irradiated by the microwave is lifted up to be separated from the dry and hard cement mortar layer, so that the floor tile is removed while the integrity of the floor tile is ensured; then the telescoping mechanism and jack 14 are both restored to the original position, and the removed tile is then removed from the vacuum chuck 13.

According to the further technical scheme, the automatic moving, automatic working and automatic tile removing of the removing device can be realized, and manual removal of the tiles irradiated by microwaves is not needed.

Furthermore, a plurality of vacuum suction cups 13 are arranged, the vacuum suction cups 13 are distributed in an array manner, and the distribution area is the area of one floor tile; the telescoping mechanism controls the telescoping of several vacuum cups 13 simultaneously (this solution is not shown in the drawings). That is, after microwave irradiation is performed on a cement slurry seam on four sides of a floor tile, the telescopic mechanism is controlled to drive the plurality of vacuum suction cups 13 to descend until each vacuum suction cup 13 is adsorbed on the surface of the floor tile; then the four jacks 14 synchronously operate, when the four jacks 14 contact the ground, the operation is continued until the dismantling device is jacked up, and meanwhile, the floor tile which is sucked by the plurality of vacuum suction cups 13 and irradiated by the microwaves is lifted up to be separated from the dry and hard cement mortar layer, so that the floor tile is dismantled while the integrity of the floor tile is ensured; then the telescoping mechanism and the jack 14 are both restored to the initial position, and the removed floor tile is detached from the vacuum suction cups 13.

Regarding the suction force of the suction cup: the tensile strength of the bottom dry hard cement mortar layer is about 0.05 MPa. For a tile with the size of 60cm x 60cm, the calculation needs about 18kN of pulling force (1800 kg) to separate the tile from the lower dry mortar layer, 4 industrial suction cups with the diameter of 30cm can be arranged on the tile with the square of 60cm, the single suction force of the industrial suction cups with the diameter of 30cm can reach 5.5kN, and the pulling force of the 4 suction cups is 22kN (2200 kg); that is, the specification parameters and the number of the vacuum suction cups 13 are determined according to the total pulling force of the vacuum suction cups 13 is larger than the pulling force required for pulling up a floor tile.

Above-mentioned further technical scheme through the setting of a plurality of vacuum chuck 13 for demolish after the microwave irradiation and be connected inseparabler between device and the ceramic tile, also more convenient break away from ceramic tile and the hard cement mortar layer after the microwave irradiation.

Further, the above-mentioned demolition arrangement also comprises a shoveling assembly 15, wherein:

the shoveling assembly 15 comprises two parts, one is a fixed part installed on the mobile device 12, the fixed part is arranged along the vertical direction, and the other is a shoveling part (not shown in the figure) obliquely shot at one end of the fixed part far away from the mobile device 12; the included angle between the fixing part and the shoveling part ranges from 100 degrees to 170 degrees, and preferably, the included angle between the fixing part and the shoveling part is 135 degrees. The fixed part is arranged at one side of the bottom of the mobile device 12 far away from the microwave focusing antenna 7, and the shoveling direction of the shoveling assembly 15 is consistent with the advancing direction of the mobile device 12. The telescopic mechanism is arranged between the fixed part and the mobile device 12 and is used for controlling the shoveling assembly 15 to reciprocate up and down between the bottom of the mobile device 12 and the floor tile, and the telescopic mechanism is directly controlled by a controller or is controlled by a control mechanism independently.

After microwave irradiation is carried out on cement gaps on four sides of one floor tile, the removing device continues to move, the shoveling assembly 15 is lowered to the cement gaps of the floor tile irradiated by the microwaves through the telescopic mechanism, and the floor tile irradiated by the microwaves is shoveled out through the cooperation of forward power of the removing device and the shoveling part; then the telescopic mechanism restores to the initial position, and the shoveled floor tiles automatically fall off from the shoveling part. The area of the shoveling part is far smaller than the surface area of the floor tile, so that after the shoveling component 15 is lifted, the shoveling part cannot support the floor tile, and the floor tile can automatically fall off. Furthermore, after the cement slurry seams among all the floor tiles are irradiated by microwaves, all the shoveling work can be completed through the shoveling assembly without removing the floor tiles one by one.

External force on the shoveling assembly 15: assuming a dry set cement mortar layer tensile strength of 0.05MPa, for a tile with an original size of 60cm x 60cm, the required prying force for the bottom edge of the tile is 4.5kN (450 kg), not calculated according to the size of 60cm x 30cm, because the tile may break during prying. Meanwhile, the dismounting assembly is a lever, and according to the lever principle, in the case of setting (power arm =10 × resistance arm), the external force required to be applied by the end of the power arm is only 450N (45 kg).

According to the further technical scheme, the automatic movement, the automatic work and the automatic floor tile removing of the removing device can be realized, and the floor tile after microwave irradiation does not need to be manually removed; compared with the technical scheme of dismantling the vacuum sucker 13, the dismantling speed is higher, but the integrity of the dismantled floor tile cannot be guaranteed to be hundred percent complete, and the damage is more than that of the vacuum sucker 13.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The meaning of "and/or" in this application is intended to include both the individual and the simultaneous presence of both.

The term "connected" in the present application may mean either a direct connection between the components or an indirect connection between the components through other components.

In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.