阅读说明：本技术 一种盾构机刀盘 (Cutter head of shield machine ) 是由 戴斌 张鹏 汤玉鹏 徐代明 王志博 杨伟伟 李明辉 于 2021-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种盾构机刀盘,包括刀盘本体；所述刀盘本体设有与刀具的刀柄适配的刀座槽；所述刀座槽内设有用于夹住刀柄的第一夹臂和第二夹臂；所述第一夹臂和第二夹臂分别位于刀座槽的两侧,且第一夹臂与刀座槽内的一组伸缩杆固定连接,以及第二夹臂与刀座槽内的另外一组伸缩杆固定连接,通过两组伸缩杆同时推动第一夹臂和第二夹臂靠拢,进而将刀柄夹紧于刀座槽。本发明降低了更换刀具的难度,缩短中途停机时间,减小地层以及地表沉降的可能性,同时代替了现有的螺纹固定方式,适应不同形状或者不同规格的刀具。(The invention discloses a shield tunneling machine cutter head, which comprises a cutter head body; the cutter head body is provided with a cutter seat groove matched with a cutter handle of the cutter; a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm for clamping the tool shank are arranged in the tool holder groove; the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively located on two sides of the cutter seat groove, the first clamping arm is fixedly connected with one set of telescopic rods in the cutter seat groove, the second clamping arm is fixedly connected with the other set of telescopic rods in the cutter seat groove, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are simultaneously pushed to be close through the two sets of telescopic rods, and then the cutter handle is clamped in the cutter seat groove. The invention reduces the difficulty of changing cutters, shortens the midway downtime, reduces the possibility of stratum and ground surface settlement, replaces the existing thread fixing mode, and is suitable for cutters of different shapes or different specifications.)

1. A shield tunneling machine cutter head comprises a cutter head body; the method is characterized in that: the cutter head body is provided with a cutter seat groove matched with a cutter handle of the cutter; a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm for clamping the tool shank are arranged in the tool holder groove;

the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively positioned at two sides of the tool holder groove, the first clamping arm is fixedly connected with one group of telescopic rods in the tool holder groove, the second clamping arm is fixedly connected with the other group of telescopic rods in the tool holder groove, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are simultaneously pushed to be close through the two groups of telescopic rods, and the tool shank is clamped in the tool holder groove;

the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm have the same structure and respectively comprise a base, a primary rotating body, a secondary rotating body and a tertiary rotating body; the shapes of the first-stage rotating body, the second-stage rotating body and the third-stage rotating body are all semi-cylinders,

the same side surface of the base is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening of the base is respectively and rotatably connected with one primary rotating body; the axial tangent plane of each primary rotating body is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening of the primary rotating body is respectively and rotatably connected with one secondary rotating body; the axial tangent plane of each secondary rotating body is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening of the secondary rotating body is respectively and rotatably connected with one tertiary rotating body;

the rotating directions of all the first-stage rotating bodies, the rotating directions of all the second-stage rotating bodies and the rotating directions of all the third-stage rotating bodies are all vertical to the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod, and the axial tangent planes of all the first-stage rotating bodies, the axial tangent planes of all the second-stage rotating bodies and the axial tangent planes of all the third-stage rotating bodies are all located on the same plane;

the axial tangent plane of all tertiary rotors of first arm lock all is equipped with the pad body towards the second arm lock, the axial tangent plane of all tertiary rotors of second arm lock all is equipped with the other pad body towards first arm lock, presss from both sides tight handle of a knife through first arm lock and second arm lock, and then makes some pad bodies or all pad bodies paste the different positions of tight handle of a knife.

2. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein: the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cutter head body.

3. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein: the central shaft of each primary rotating body is rotatably connected into the opening of the base, the central shaft of each secondary rotating body is rotatably connected into the opening of the primary rotating body, and the central shaft of each tertiary rotating body is rotatably connected into the opening of the secondary rotating body; the central axes of all the first-stage rotating bodies and the central axes of all the second-stage rotating bodies are parallel to the central axes of all the third-stage rotating bodies.

4. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 3, wherein: and bearings are arranged at two ends of all the central shafts.

5. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 3, wherein: the opening of the base penetrates through one side face, facing the front of the cutter head body, of the base; the first cover plate is arranged on the side surface through which the opening of the base penetrates, and the first cover plate is detachably connected with the corresponding side surface; the central shaft of the primary rotating body is rotatably connected between the first cover plate and one side wall of the opening of the base.

6. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 5, wherein: the opening of the primary rotating body penetrates through one side face, opposite to the first cover plate, of the primary rotating body; the second apron of the side that the one-level rotor opening runs through is located including the lid, and the center pin of second grade rotor rotates to be connected between second apron and one-level rotor open-ended lateral wall.

7. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 6, wherein: the opening of the secondary rotating body penetrates through one side face, opposite to the second cover plate, of the secondary rotating body; the third apron of the side that the second grade rotor opening runs through is located including the lid, and the center pin of tertiary rotor rotates to be connected between third apron and second grade rotor open-ended lateral wall.

8. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 7, wherein: the first cover plate is connected with the corresponding side face of the base through a bolt, so that the first cover plate compresses the second cover plate, and the second cover plate compresses the third cover plate.

9. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 7, wherein: the side of first apron is equipped with the step that stretches into in the base opening, the second apron be equipped with stretch into one-level rotor opening in the other step, the third apron is equipped with the other step that stretches into in the second grade rotor opening.

10. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-skid lines are arranged on the surfaces of all the cushion bodies, which are contacted with the knife handle; all the cushion bodies are made of pressure-resistant rubber.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a cutter head of a shield machine.

Background

A shield machine is a tunnel boring machine using a shield method. The shield construction method is a "shield" (referred to as a supporting segment) for constructing (laying) a tunnel while a heading machine is heading, and is different from an open construction method. The shield machine mainly comprises 9 parts, namely a shield body, a cutter head, a double-chamber air brake, a segment erector, a soil discharging mechanism, a rear matching device, an electrical system and auxiliary equipment. The cutter head is a cutting disk body with a plurality of feeding grooves, is positioned at the forefront part of the shield machine and is used for cutting soil. The cutter head is provided with a plurality of cutters, including a center cutter, a hob, a scraper, a super digging cutter and the like. All types of cutters are detachably connected with the cutter head because the cutters are worn and need to be replaced according to the wear.

In the above cutters, the cutter seats of most cutters are detachably connected with the cutter head through bolts, such as the cutters which are not rotated per se, such as scrapers, super-diggers and the like. The specific replacement steps mainly comprise the following steps: and S1, removing cement, residual soil and the like in the pressure bin, and removing silt adhered to the pressure bin. And S2, carrying in tools, installing scaffolds, tool hoisting and positioning tools and the like, and preparing for replacement. S3, using the grasping forceps and the tool hoisting and positioning tool to disassemble the old tool and replace the old tool with a new tool, and fastening the bolt for fixing the tool shaft to the specified torque. And S4, after a ring is tunneled, opening the cabin and tightening the cutter bolt again to finish the replacement of the cutter.

According to the replacing steps of the cutters, bolts for fixing the props need to be fastened twice, the size of each cutter is large, the number of the bolts is large, the bolts are not screwed up or unscrewed, the consumed time is long, the operation difficulty is high, and the cutter replacing steps are the step which occupies the most time in the replacing operation. The whole sedimentation of the shield machine is easily caused by long replacement operation time and long downtime, which causes the sedimentation of stratum and earth surface and is not beneficial to smooth construction. In addition, the tool apron of each kind of cutter is special, and a kind of cutter corresponds a tool apron on the blade disc for every tool apron is special. Because the shapes and specifications of the tool shanks produced by different manufacturers are different, the tool belongs to a vulnerable part, and the tool of one brand can be purchased only by the corresponding manufacturer, so monopoly sales are formed, and the tool is one of the main reasons for the high price of the tool.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the difficulty of replacing the cutter is reduced, the midway downtime is shortened, and the possibility of stratum and earth surface settlement is reduced. The invention provides a shield tunneling machine cutter head which comprises a cutter head body; the cutter head body is provided with a cutter seat groove matched with a cutter handle of the cutter; a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm for clamping the tool shank are arranged in the tool holder groove;

the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively positioned at two sides of the tool holder groove, the first clamping arm is fixedly connected with one group of telescopic rods in the tool holder groove, the second clamping arm is fixedly connected with the other group of telescopic rods in the tool holder groove, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are simultaneously pushed to be close through the two groups of telescopic rods, and the tool shank is clamped in the tool holder groove;

the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm have the same structure and respectively comprise a base, a primary rotating body, a secondary rotating body and a tertiary rotating body; the shapes of the first-stage rotating body, the second-stage rotating body and the third-stage rotating body are all semi-cylinders,

the same side surface of the base is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening of the base is respectively and rotatably connected with one primary rotating body; the axial tangent plane of each primary rotating body is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening of the primary rotating body is respectively and rotatably connected with one secondary rotating body; the axial tangent plane of each secondary rotating body is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening of the secondary rotating body is respectively and rotatably connected with one tertiary rotating body;

the rotating directions of all the first-stage rotating bodies, the rotating directions of all the second-stage rotating bodies and the rotating directions of all the third-stage rotating bodies are all vertical to the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod, and the axial tangent planes of all the first-stage rotating bodies, the axial tangent planes of all the second-stage rotating bodies and the axial tangent planes of all the third-stage rotating bodies are all located on the same plane;

the axial tangent plane of all tertiary rotors of first arm lock all is equipped with the pad body towards the second arm lock, the axial tangent plane of all tertiary rotors of second arm lock all is equipped with the other pad body towards first arm lock, presss from both sides tight handle of a knife through first arm lock and second arm lock, and then makes some pad bodies or all pad bodies paste the different positions of tight handle of a knife.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the tool holders of part of the tools are in the shapes of a rectangular body, a trapezoid body and the like, and in order to adapt to tools in different shapes, a mode of clamping a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm is adopted, so that the conventional thread fixing mode is replaced. The principle of clamping is as follows: the handle of a knife is put in the blade holder groove, and first arm lock and second arm lock take the promotion of telescopic link down slowly to be close to the handle of a knife, and timely handle of a knife is irregular, and part fills up the body earlier with the handle of a knife contact, along with continuing to press from both sides tightly, one-level rotor, second grade rotor and tertiary rotor receive the moment that fills up the body and transmit and take place correspondingly deflection for more pad body and handle of a knife contact, no longer swing until one-level rotor, second grade rotor and tertiary rotor, make the pad body with the handle of a knife contact firmly press from both sides tight handle of a knife. In short, the knife handles in different shapes are formed by swinging the first-stage rotating body, the second-stage rotating body and the third-stage rotating body to automatically change the included angle between the pad body and the knife handle, so that the pad body is fully contacted with the knife handles finally, and the clamping angle is self-adaptive. Even if the knife handles with different specifications and shapes can be used, the knife seat groove can be used, and the monopoly sale of manufacturers is broken. In addition, the operation of screwing bolts is omitted when the cutter is replaced, and only the telescopic rod needs to be controlled to stretch, so that the time for replacing the cutter is greatly shortened, the downtime is shortened, and the risk of stratum and ground surface settlement caused by integral settlement of the shield tunneling machine is reduced.

Preferably, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are both perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cutter head body. The cutting edges of the cutters such as the scraper, the super digging cutter and the like are perpendicular to the rotating direction of the cutter head body, namely the tangential direction of the cutter head. After the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are perpendicular to the tangent line, the cutting edge of the clamped cutter is also perpendicular to the tangent line, and the installation requirement of the cutter is met.

Preferably, the central shaft of each primary rotating body is rotatably connected in the opening of the base, the central shaft of each secondary rotating body is rotatably connected in the opening of the primary rotating body, and the central shaft of each tertiary rotating body is rotatably connected in the opening of the secondary rotating body; the central axes of all the first-stage rotating bodies and the central axes of all the second-stage rotating bodies are parallel to the central axes of all the third-stage rotating bodies.

Preferably, bearings are provided at both ends of all the central shafts.

Preferably, the opening of the base penetrates through one side surface of the base facing the front of the cutter head body; the first cover plate is arranged on the side surface through which the opening of the base penetrates, and the first cover plate is detachably connected with the corresponding side surface; the central shaft of the primary rotating body is rotatably connected between the first cover plate and one side wall of the opening of the base.

Preferably, the opening of the primary rotating body penetrates through one side surface of the primary rotating body opposite to the first cover plate; the second apron of the side that the one-level rotor opening runs through is located including the lid, and the center pin of second grade rotor rotates to be connected between second apron and one-level rotor open-ended lateral wall.

Preferably, the opening of the secondary rotating body penetrates through one side surface of the secondary rotating body opposite to the second cover plate; the third apron of the side that the second grade rotor opening runs through is located including the lid, and the center pin of tertiary rotor rotates to be connected between third apron and second grade rotor open-ended lateral wall.

First arm lock and second arm lock are all through first apron and pedestal connection back, compress tightly second apron and third apron in proper order, and the good of design is in can realizing fast split and installation like this. Because first arm lock and second arm lock are in exposing the state, can directly contact with the dregs, the inside of first arm lock and second arm lock can be got into to the soil stone in small, broken bits. Too much can influence the swing of one-level rotor, second grade rotor and tertiary rotor when the soil stone of accumulation, consequently need regularly clear up, if adopt the mode of water-washed also unable clearance, then need first arm lock of split and second arm lock. The first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are convenient to disassemble and assemble, the occupied time is short, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the first cover plate is connected with the corresponding side face of the base through a bolt, so that the first cover plate presses the second cover plate, and the second cover plate presses the third cover plate.

Preferably, the side of the first cover plate is provided with a step extending into the opening of the base, the second cover plate is provided with another step extending into the opening of the primary rotor, and the third cover plate is provided with another step extending into the opening of the secondary rotor. The first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate can quickly determine the installation position by adopting a step mode, the disassembly and assembly time is further shortened, the positioning is very convenient, and the reduction of the installation error is facilitated.

Preferably, the anti-skid grains are arranged on the surfaces, in contact with the knife handle, of all the pad bodies; all the cushion bodies are made of pressure-resistant rubber. When the cutter cuts a hard rock layer, the existing cutter and the cutter holder are not provided with a buffer structure, the cutter directly collides with the rock, and the cutter edge is greatly damaged, so that the tunneling speed of the shield tunneling machine in the rock layer is obviously reduced, the aim is to reduce the abrasion of the cutter, and particularly, the probability of the cutter breaking condition is reduced. However, the cushion layer of the pressure-resistant rubber plays a role in clamping, and on the other hand, a buffer space is provided for the cutter, so that after the cutter collides with an excessively hard rock, the pressure-resistant rubber is forcibly compressed to generate elastic deformation, the problem of hard collision is effectively avoided, the damage degree of the cutting edge is greatly reduced, and the possibility of breaking the cutter is further reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first clamping arm in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structure diagram of fig. 4 after being disassembled.

In the attached drawings, a cutter head body 1, a cutter seat groove 2, a first clamping arm 3, a second clamping arm 4, a base 5, a first-stage rotating body 6, a second-stage rotating body 7, a third-stage rotating body 8, an opening 9, a first cover plate 10, a second cover plate 11, a third cover plate 12, a central shaft 13, a bearing 14, an expansion rod 15, a step 16, a cushion body 17 and anti-skid patterns 18.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a shield tunneling machine cutterhead, which includes a cutterhead body 1; the cutter head body 1 is provided with a cutter seat groove 2 matched with a cutter handle of the cutter. The cutter seat grooves 2 are arranged in four or more directions along the circumferential direction of the cutter head body 1, and all the cutter seat grooves 2 are uniformly distributed. Each cutter holder groove 2 is internally provided with a first clamping arm 3 and a second clamping arm 4 which are used for clamping a cutter handle, and the first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4 are both vertical to the circumferential direction of the cutter head body 1. The cutting edge of the cutter such as a scraper, a super-digging cutter and the like is perpendicular to the rotating direction of the cutter head body 1, namely the tangential direction of the cutter head. After the first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4 are perpendicular to the tangent line, the cutting edge of the clamped cutter is also perpendicular to the tangent line, and the installation requirement of the cutter is met. Taking the cutter seat slot 2 positioned right above as an example, the first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4 are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the cutter seat slot 2. Be equipped with hydraulic cylinder group in the blade disc body 1, a set of telescopic link 15 of hydraulic cylinder group stretches out and with first arm lock 3 fixed connection from the left surface of blade holder groove 2, another a set of telescopic link 15 of hydraulic cylinder group stretches out and draws close with second arm lock 4 fixed connection from the right flank of blade holder groove 2, promotes first arm lock 3 and second arm lock 4 simultaneously through two sets of telescopic links 15, and then presss from both sides the handle of a knife tightly in blade holder groove 2.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, all the first and second clamp arms 3 and 4 in this embodiment have the same structure, and each include a base 5, a primary rotor 6, a secondary rotor 7, and a tertiary rotor 8. The shapes of the first-stage rotating body 6, the second-stage rotating body 7 and the third-stage rotating body 8 are all semi-cylinders, the semi-cylinders are half cylinders formed after being cut along a cylinder central shaft 13, and the cross sections of the semi-cylinders are semi-circular. The same side of base 5 is equipped with three opening 9, and rotates respectively in every opening 9 of base 5 and connects one the primary rotor 6. Further, the opening 9 of the base 5 penetrates through one side surface of the base 5 facing the front of the cutter head body 1; the cover comprises a first cover plate 10 which covers the side surface through which the opening 9 of the base 5 penetrates, and the first cover plate 10 is detachably connected with the corresponding side surface; the central shaft 13 of the primary rotating body 6 is rotatably coupled between the first cover plate 10 and one side wall of the opening 9 of the base 5. Every the axial tangent plane of one-level rotor 6 all is equipped with two openings 9, and rotates respectively in every opening 9 of one-level rotor 6 and connects one the second grade rotor 7. Further, the opening 9 of the primary rotor 6 penetrates one side surface of the primary rotor 6 opposite to the first cover plate 10; including covering the second apron 11 of locating the side that one-level rotor 6 opening 9 runs through, the center pin 13 of second grade rotor 7 rotates to be connected between second apron 11 and one the lateral wall of one-level rotor 6 opening 9. Every the axial tangent plane of second grade rotor 7 all is equipped with two openings 9, and rotates respectively in every opening 9 of second grade rotor 7 and connects one tertiary rotor 8. Further, the opening 9 of the secondary rotating body 7 penetrates one side surface of the secondary rotating body 7 opposite to the second cover plate 11; including covering the third apron 12 of locating the side that second grade rotor 7 opening 9 runs through, the center pin 13 of tertiary rotor 8 rotates and connects between third apron 12 and one lateral wall of second grade rotor 7 opening 9. The concrete rotation connected mode of one-level rotor 6, second grade rotor 7 and tertiary rotor 8 is: the central shaft 13 of each primary rotating body 6 is rotatably connected into the opening 9 of the base 5, the central shaft 13 of each secondary rotating body 7 is rotatably connected into the opening 9 of the primary rotating body 6, and the central shaft 13 of each tertiary rotating body 8 is rotatably connected into the opening 9 of the secondary rotating body 7; the central axes 13 of all the primary rotating bodies 6 and the central axes 13 of all the secondary rotating bodies 7 are parallel to the central axes 13 of all the tertiary rotating bodies 8. To increase the rotational friction, bearings 14 are provided at both ends of all the central shafts 13.

The specific direction of rotation of one-level rotor 6, second grade rotor 7 and tertiary rotor 8 is: the rotating directions of all the first-stage rotating bodies 6, the rotating directions of all the second-stage rotating bodies 7 and the rotating directions of all the third-stage rotating bodies 8 are all perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 15, and the axial tangent planes of all the first-stage rotating bodies 6, the axial tangent planes of all the second-stage rotating bodies 7 and the axial tangent planes of all the third-stage rotating bodies 8 are located on the same plane. In addition, in order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly positioning, the side surface of the first cover plate 10 is provided with a step 16 extending into the opening 9 of the base 5, the second cover plate 11 is provided with another step 16 extending into the opening 9 of the primary rotating body 6, and the third cover plate 12 is provided with another step 16 extending into the opening 9 of the secondary rotating body 7. The first cover plate 10, the second cover plate 11 and the third cover plate 12 can quickly determine the installation positions by adopting the step 16 mode, the disassembly and assembly time is further shortened, the positioning is very convenient, and the reduction of installation errors is facilitated. During specific installation, the first cover plate 10 is connected with the corresponding side face of the base 5 through bolts, so that the first cover plate 10 presses the second cover plate 11, and the second cover plate 11 presses the third cover plate 12. That is, the first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4 are connected through the first cover plate 10 and the base 5, and then sequentially press the second cover plate 11 and the third cover plate 12, so that the designed good position can be quickly disassembled and installed. Because first arm lock 3 and second arm lock 4 are in the state that exposes, can direct and dregs contact, the inside of first arm lock 3 and second arm lock 4 can be got into to the soil stone in small, broken bits. Too much earth and stones when the accumulation can influence the swing of the first-level rotating body 6, the second-level rotating body 7 and the third-level rotating body 8, so that the regular cleaning is needed, and if the water-flushing mode is adopted, the first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4 are needed to be detached. The first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4 are convenient to disassemble and assemble, the occupied time is short, and the construction efficiency is improved.

The present embodiment adopts the mode that first arm lock 3 and second arm lock 4 press from both sides tightly, has replaced current thread tightening mode. The principle of clamping is as follows: the handle of a knife is put in blade holder groove 2, first arm lock 3 and second arm lock 4 take the promotion of telescopic link 15 down slowly to be close to the handle of a knife, in time the handle of a knife is irregular, part pad body 17 contacts with the handle of a knife earlier, along with continuing to press from both sides tightly, one-level rotor 6, second grade rotor 7 and tertiary rotor 8 receive the moment that pad body 17 transmitted and take place correspondingly to deflect, make more pad bodies 17 and handle of a knife contact, until one-level rotor 6, second grade rotor 7 and tertiary rotor 8 do not swing again, make pad body 17 with the handle of a knife contact firmly press from both sides tight handle of a knife. In short, the knife handles in different shapes are formed by swinging the first-stage rotating body 6, the second-stage rotating body 7 and the third-stage rotating body 8 to automatically change the included angle between the cushion body 17 and the knife handles, so that the cushion body 17 is fully contacted with the knife handles, and the clamping angle is self-adaptive. Even if the tool holders with different specifications and different shapes can be used, the tool apron groove 2 can be used, and monopoly sales of manufacturers are broken. In addition, the operation of screwing bolts is omitted when the cutter is replaced, and only the telescopic rod 15 needs to be controlled to stretch, so that the time for replacing the cutter is greatly shortened, the downtime is shortened, and the risk of stratum and ground surface settlement caused by the integral settlement of the shield tunneling machine is reduced.

In addition, in this embodiment, the axial tangent plane of all the three-stage rotating bodies 8 of each first clamping arm 3 is provided with a pad 17 facing the second clamping arm 4, the axial tangent plane of all the three-stage rotating bodies 8 of each second clamping arm 4 is provided with another pad 17 facing the first clamping arm 3, and the knife handle is clamped by the first clamping arm 3 and the second clamping arm 4, so that part of the pads 17 or all the pads 17 are attached to different parts of the knife handle. The anti-skid grains 18 are arranged on the surfaces of all the cushion bodies 17, which are in contact with the knife handle, and all the cushion bodies 17 are made of pressure-resistant rubber. When the cutter cuts a hard rock layer, the existing cutter and the cutter holder are not provided with a buffer structure, the cutter directly collides with the rock, and the cutter edge is greatly damaged, so that the tunneling speed of the shield tunneling machine in the rock layer is obviously reduced, the aim is to reduce the abrasion of the cutter, and particularly, the probability of the cutter breaking condition is reduced. However, the cushion layer of the pressure-resistant rubber plays a role in clamping, and on the other hand, a buffer space is provided for the cutter, so that after the cutter collides with an excessively hard rock, the pressure-resistant rubber is forcibly compressed to generate elastic deformation, the problem of hard collision is effectively avoided, the damage degree of the cutting edge is greatly reduced, and the possibility of breaking the cutter is further reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.