阅读说明：本技术 组合物 (Composition comprising a metal oxide and a metal oxide ) 是由 罗伯特·洛 于 2020-02-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：根据本发明,提供了一种包含1,1-二氟乙烯(R-1132a)、二氟甲烷(R-32)、2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(R-1234yf)和二氧化碳(CO-(2),R-744)的组合物。本发明还提供了一种组合物R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf和至少一种选自以下的化合物：五氟乙烷(R-125)、1,1-二氟乙烷(R-152a)、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(R-134a)、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(R-1234ze(E))和1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(R-227ea)；任选地,所述组合物包含至少另一种选自以下的化合物：三氟乙烯(R-1123)、丙烷(R-290)、丙烯(R-1270)、异丁烷(R-600a)和二氧化碳(CO-(2),R-744)。本发明还提供包含R-1132a、R-32和R-1234yf的组合物。(According to the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising 1, 1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a), difluoromethane (R-32), 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf) and carbon dioxide (CO) 2 R-744). The invention also provides a composition R-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf and at least one compound selected from: pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1, 1-difluoroethane (R-152a), 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), trans-1, 3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze (E)) and 1,1,1,2,3,3, 3-heptafluoropropane (R-227 ea); optionally, the composition comprises at least one further compound selected from: trifluoroethylene (R-1123), propane (R-290), propylene (R-1270), isobutane (R-600a) and carbon dioxide (CO) 2 R-744). The present invention also provides compositions comprising R-1132a, R-32 and R-1234 yf.)

1. A composition, comprising:

(a) about 2 to about 15 weight percent 1, 1-difluoroethylene (R-1132 a);

(b) about 20 to about 60 weight percent difluoromethane (R-32);

(c) about 25 to about 70 weight percent 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234 yf); and

(d) about 2 to about 12 weight percent carbon dioxide (CO)₂，R-744)；

Based on the total weight of the composition.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises:

(a) about 4 to about 10 weight percent R-1132 a;

(b) about 30 to about 48 weight percent R-32;

(c) about 34 to about 64 weight percent R-1234 yf; and

(d) about 2 to about 8 weight percent CO₂；

Based on the total weight of the composition.

3. A composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the composition comprises from about 4 or 5 or 6 to about 10 wt% R-1132a, preferably from about 4 or 5 or 6 to about 9 wt%, such as from about 4 or 5 or 6 to about 8 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

4. The composition according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition comprises from about 32 to about 44 wt% of R-32, preferably from about 36 to about 44 wt%, such as from about 36 to about 40 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

5. The composition according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the composition comprises from about 34 to about 60 wt% of R-1234yf, preferably from about 39 to about 56 wt%, such as from about 43 to about 54 wt%, for example from about 43 to about 51 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

6. The composition according to claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition comprises about 2 or 3 to about 7 wt% of CO, based on the total weight of the composition₂Such as about 3 or 4 to about 6 weight percent, for example about 3 to about 5 weight percent.

7. The composition of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composition comprises:

about 6 weight percent R-1132a, about 40 weight percent R-32, about 51 weight percent R-1234yf, and about 3 weight percent CO₂；

About 7 weight percent R-1132a, about 36 weight percent R-32, about 54 weight percent R-1234yf and about 3 weight percent CO₂；

About 9 weight percent R-1132a, about 44 weight percent R-32, about 43 weight percent R-1234yf and about 4 weight percent CO₂(ii) a Or

About 7 weight percent R-1132a, about 30 weight percent R-32, about 60 weight percent R-1234yf and about 3 weight percent CO₂；

Based on the total weight of the composition.

8. The composition of claims 1 to 7, wherein the manufacturing tolerance is +1/-0.5 wt% CO₂(ii) a +0.5/-1 wt% R-1132 a; + -1 wt% R-32; 2% by weight of R-1234 yf.

9. The composition according to claims 1 to 8, wherein the Worst Case Flammable Formulation (WCFF) of the composition according to ASHRAE standard 34, annex B, has a molar volume concentration of R-1132a of less than about 35% v/v, and preferably less than about 30% v/v, based on the total volume of the composition.

10. A composition comprising 1, 1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a), difluoromethane (R-32), 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf) and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1, 1-difluoroethane (R-152a), 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), trans-1, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze (E)), and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3 heptafluoropropane (R-227ea), optionally wherein the composition comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethylene (R-1123), propane (R-290), propylene (R-1270), isobutane (R-600a), and carbon dioxide (CO)₂And R-744).

11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the composition comprises a combined amount of R-1132a, R-32, and R-1234yf of about 1 to about 99 wt.%, optionally about 1 to about 90 wt.%, preferably about 1 to about 80 wt.%, such as about 1 to about 75 wt.%, for example about 1 wt.% to about 70 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition.

12. The composition of claim 10 or 11, wherein the composition comprises CO₂The amount of (b) is about 1 to about 30 wt%, for example about 2 to about 20 wt%.

13. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the composition comprises R-1123 in an amount of about 1 to about 30 wt.%, such as about 2 or 5 to about 20 wt.%.

14. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the composition comprises R-134a in an amount of about 1 to about 40 wt.%, such as about 2 to about 30 wt.%.

15. The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the composition comprises R-125 in an amount of about 1 to about 20 wt.%, such as about 2 to about 15 wt.%.

16. A composition according to any of claims 10 to 15, wherein the composition comprises R-1234ze (e) in an amount of from about 1 to about 40 wt%, for example from about 2 to about 30 wt%.

17. The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the composition comprises R-152a in an amount of from about 1 to about 30 wt.%, such as from about 2 to about 20 wt.%.

18. The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the composition comprises R-600a in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 wt. -%, such as from about 1 to about 10 wt. -%, preferably from about 1 to about 5 wt. -%.

19. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein the composition comprises R-290 in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 wt.%, such as from about 1 to about 10 wt.%, preferably from about 1 to about 5 wt.%.

20. The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 19, wherein the composition comprises R-1270 in an amount of about 1 to about 20 wt.%, such as about 1 to about 10 wt.%, preferably about 1 to about 5 wt.%.

21. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 20, wherein the composition comprises:

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf and R-125; or

R-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf and R-227 ea.

22. The composition of claims 10 to 20, wherein the composition has, as compared to R-1132a alone:

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂and R-1234ze (E);

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂and R-125;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂and R-152 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂and R-134 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290 and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290 and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290 and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1270, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1270 and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1270, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1270 and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1270, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600A, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600A, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600A, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600A, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600A, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-125, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-125, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-125, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-152a, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-152a, and R-227 ea; or

R-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-134 a; and R-227 ea.

23. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 20, wherein the composition comprises:

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1123 and R-1234ze (E);

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1123 and R-125;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1123 and R-152 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1123 and R-134 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1123 and R-227 ea;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-290 and R-1234ze (E);

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-290 and R-125;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-290 and R-152 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-290 and R-134 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-290 and R-227 ea;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1270 and R-1234ze (E);

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1270 and R-125;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1270 and R-152 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1270 and R-134 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-1270 and R-227 ea;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-600a and R-1234ze (E);

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-600a and R-125;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-600a and R-152 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-600a and R-134 a;

R-1132a、R-32、R-1234yf、CO₂r-600a and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), R-125, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), R-125, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), R-125, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), R-152a, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), R-152a, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1234ze (E), R-134a, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-125, R-134a, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-125, R-134a, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-125, R-152a, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-227ea, R-152a, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-290, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-290, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-290, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-290, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-290, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-1270, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-1270, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-1270, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-1270, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-1270, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-600a, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-600a, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-600a, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-600a, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-1123, R-600a, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-1270, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-1270 and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-1270, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-1270, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-1270, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-600a, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-600a, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-600a, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-600a, and R-134 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-290, R-600a, and R-227 ea;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600a, R-1270, and R-1234ze (E);

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600a, R-1270, and R-125;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600a, R-1270, and R-152 a;

r-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600a, R-1270, and R-134 a; or

R-1132a, R-32, R-1234yf, R-600a, R-1270, and R-227 ea.

24. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 23, having substantially the component.

25. The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 24, wherein the composition is less flammable than R-1132a alone, preferably wherein the composition has:

a. higher flammability limits;

b. higher ignition energy; and/or

c. Lower flame speed.

26. The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 25, wherein the composition is non-flammable, for example wherein the composition is non-flammable at ambient temperature, preferably wherein the composition is non-flammable at 60 ℃.

27. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition has a temperature glide in the evaporator or condenser of less than about 15K, preferably less than about 10K, for example less than about 6K, such as less than about 5K, even more preferably less than about 4K.

28. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15% of the volumetric refrigeration capacity of R-410A, preferably within about 10% of the volumetric refrigeration capacity of R-410A.

29. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating condenser pressure in a condenser comprising the composition is within about 10%, preferably within about 5%, of the operating condenser pressure in a condenser comprising R-410A.

30. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating condenser pressure in a condenser comprising the composition is lower than the operating condenser pressure in a condenser comprising R-410A.

31. The composition of any preceding claim, wherein the composition has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of less than about 300, such as less than about 280.

32. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition has a burning velocity of less than about 10cm/s as measured by ASHRAE standard 34.

33. The composition of any preceding claim, optionally wherein the lubricant is selected from mineral oil, silicone oil, Polyalkylbenzenes (PABs), polyol esters (POEs), polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), polyalkylene glycol esters (PAG esters), polyvinyl ethers (PVEs), poly (alpha-olefins), and combinations thereof, preferably wherein the lubricant is selected from PAGs or POEs.

34. A composition comprising a stabilizer and the composition of any of the preceding claims, optionally wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of diene compounds, phosphate esters, phenol compounds, and epoxides, and mixtures thereof.

35. A composition comprising a flame retardant and the composition of any of the preceding claims, optionally wherein the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of: tris (2-chloroethyl) -phosphate, (chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (2, 3-dibromopropyl) -phosphate, tris (1, 3-dichloropropyl) -phosphate, diammonium phosphate, various halogenated aromatic compounds, antimony oxide, aluminum trihydrate, polyvinyl chloride, fluorinated iodocarbon, fluorinated bromocarbon, trifluoroiodomethane, perfluoroalkyl amines, bromo-fluoroalkyl amines, and mixtures thereof.

36. A heat transfer device comprising a composition as defined in any of claims 1 to 35, preferably wherein the heat transfer device is a refrigeration device, preferably wherein the heat transfer device comprises a residential or commercial air conditioning system, a heat pump, or a commercial or industrial refrigeration system.

37. A sprayable composition comprising a material to be sprayed and a propellant comprising a composition as defined in any of claims 1 to 35.

38. A method for cooling an article comprising condensing a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35 and thereafter evaporating said composition in the vicinity of the article to be cooled.

39. A method for heating an article, comprising condensing a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35 in the vicinity of the article to be heated, and thereafter evaporating the composition.

40. A method of extracting a substance from biomass comprising contacting the biomass with a solvent comprising a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35, and separating the substance from the solvent.

41. A method of cleaning an article comprising contacting the article with a solvent comprising a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35.

42. A method of extracting a material from an aqueous solution or from a particulate solid substrate, comprising contacting the aqueous solution or the particulate solid substrate with a solvent comprising a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35, and separating the material from the solvent.

43. A mechanical power generation device comprising a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35, preferably wherein the mechanical power generation is adapted to use a rankine cycle or a modification thereof to produce work from heat.

44. A method of retrofitting a heat transfer device, comprising the steps of: removing an existing heat transfer composition and introducing a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35, preferably wherein the heat transfer device is a commercial or industrial cooling device, a heat pump or a commercial or industrial air conditioning system.

45. A method of reducing the environmental impact caused by handling a product comprising an existing compound or composition, the method comprising at least partially replacing the existing compound or composition with a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 35, optionally wherein use of the composition of the invention results in a lower overall equivalent warming impact and/or lower life cycle carbon production than is obtained by use of the existing compound or composition, preferably wherein the method is performed on a product in the field of air conditioning, refrigeration, heat transfer, aerosol or sprayable propellants, gaseous dielectrics, flame suppression, solvents, detergents, local anesthetics, and dilatant applications, such as wherein the product is selected from a heat transfer device, a sprayable composition, a solvent, or a mechano-electric device, preferably a heat transfer device, for example wherein the product is a heat transfer device, preferably a residential or commercial air conditioning system, a heat pump or a commercial or industrial refrigeration system.

46. The method of any one of claims 44 or 45 wherein the existing compound or composition is a heat transfer composition, preferably wherein the heat transfer composition is a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of R-410A, R-454B, R-452B and R-32.

47. A composition, comprising:

(a) about 6 to about 18 weight percent 1, 1-difluoroethylene (R-1132 a);

(b) about 20 to about 65 weight percent difluoromethane (R-32);

(c) about 15 to about 60 weight percent 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf)

Based on the total weight of the composition.

48. The composition of claim 47, comprising about 6 to about 15 wt% of R-1132a, preferably about 6 to about 12 wt%, such as about 7 to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

49. The composition of claim 47 or 48, comprising about 25 to about 65 wt% of R-32, preferably about 35 to about 60 wt%, such as about 40 to about 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

50. A composition according to claims 47 to 49, comprising about 20 to about 60 wt% of R-1234yf, preferably about 25 to about 55 wt%, such as about 30 to about 55 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

51. The composition of any one of claims 47 to 50, wherein the composition comprises:

about 7 weight percent R-1132a, about 50 weight percent R-32, and about 43 weight percent R-1234 yf;

about 7 weight percent R-1132a, about 55 weight percent R-32, and about 38 weight percent R-1234 yf;

about 8 weight percent R-1132a, about 40 weight percent R-32, and about 52 weight percent R-1234 yf;

about 8 weight percent R-1132a, about 60 weight percent R-32, and about 32 weight percent R-1234 yf; or

About 10 weight percent R-1132a, about 55 weight percent R-32, and about 35 weight percent R-1234 yf;

based on the total weight of the composition.

52. The composition of any one of claims 47 to 51, wherein the composition comprises about 6 to about 7 weight percent R-1132 a.

53. The composition of any one of claims 47-52, wherein the composition has a volumetric cooling capacity within about 15% of the volumetric cooling capacity of R-410A, preferably within about 10% of the volumetric cooling capacity of R-410A.

54. A composition according to any of claims 47 to 53, wherein the composition has a temperature glide in the evaporator or condenser of less than about 10K, preferably less than about 7K, such as less than about 5K.

55. The composition of any one of claims 47-54, wherein the operating condenser pressure in a condenser comprising the composition is within about 10%, preferably within about 5%, of the operating condenser pressure of a condenser comprising R-410A.

56. The composition of any one of claims 47-55, wherein the operating condenser pressure in a condenser comprising the composition is lower than the operating condenser pressure of a condenser comprising R-410A.

57. The composition of any one of claims 47 to 56, wherein the composition has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of less than about 300, such as less than about 280.

58. The composition according to any one of claims 47 to 57, wherein the Worst Case Flammable Formulation (WCFF) of the composition according to ASHRAE standard 34, appendix B, has a molar volume concentration of R-1132a of less than about 35% v/v, preferably less than about 30% v/v, based on the total volume of the composition.

59. The composition of any one of claims 47-58, wherein the composition has a compressor discharge temperature differential within about 10K of R-410A, such as within about 5K of R-410A.

60. The composition of any one of claims 47-59, wherein the composition has a manufacturing tolerance of +0.5/-1 wt% R-1132 a; + -1 wt% R-32; + -1.5 wt% R-1234 yf. ]

61. Use of a composition comprising a POE lubricant and a composition of claims 47 to 60 as a replacement for an existing heat transfer composition in a commercial air conditioning system.

62. Use of a composition comprising a POE lubricant and the composition of claims 47 to 60 as a replacement for an existing heat transfer composition in a commercial refrigeration system.

63. The use of claim 61 or 62 wherein the existing heat transfer composition is R-410A.

64. A container comprising the composition according to any one of claims 47 to 60 in an amount of up to about 90% v/v based on the total volume of the container, wherein the temperature of the container is about-40 ℃, and wherein the composition comprises R-1132a in a molar volume concentration of less than about 35% v/v, preferably less than about 30% v/v, based on the total volume of the composition, preferably wherein the container is a cylinder.

Examples

Performance evaluation

Two thermodynamic models of the fluid system were constructed, fitting the pure component data and the mixture equilibrium data to each other. NIST REFPROP 9.1 software was used to construct the first model. Mexichem internal software encoded in Matlab was used to construct the second model to accurately correlate the vapor-liquid equilibrium characteristics of the mixture components. The predictions of the two models of a typical air conditioning cycle were examined and found to fit well. The Mexichem equilibrium model more accurately fitted our experimental mixture equilibrium data. Thus, it was used for performance modeling and derivation of flammability worst case compositions. The conditions used for modeling are shown in table 1 below; these represent air conditioning cycle applications.

Table 1: modeling conditions for evaluating performance

The measured performance data of the compositions according to the invention are listed in the following table (examples 1 to 26).

Furthermore, Matlab thermodynamic models of the compositions of the present invention were used to estimate WCFF compositions as the initial vapor in the cylinders filled to a maximum of 90% at-40 ℃. The following operating conditions were assumed:

blend tolerance (% by mass) of ASHRAE

The results are summarized in examples 27 to 40.

It can be seen that in almost all cases, the initial vapor composition is 35% less by volume than R-1132 a.

Example 27 (ternary composition comprising 4, 5 and 6% by weight of R-1132a)

Example 28 (ternary composition comprising 7 and 8% by weight of R-1132a)

Example 29 (containing 3 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 30 (containing 3 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 31 (containing 3 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 32 (containing 3 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 33 (containing 4 wt.% CO)₂(R-744) Quaternary composition)

Example 34 (containing 4 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 35 (containing 4 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 36 (containing 4 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 37 (containing 5 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 38 (containing 5 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 39 (containing 5 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)

Example 40 (containing 5 wt.% CO)₂Of quaternary composition of (2)