阅读说明：本技术 一种配对轴承预紧力的控制方法及测量仪 (Control method and measuring instrument for pretightening force of counter bearing ) 是由 张振强 李文超 刘凯歌 于晓凯 孙东 王智勇 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种配对轴承预紧力的控制方法及测量仪,控制方法,包括以下步骤：1)对背对背或面对面组配好的配对轴承进行施力,先对配对轴承的外圈部分的第一轴向外端面施加相对于内圈的第一预紧力,测量外圈部分第二轴向外端面与内圈对应轴向外端面之间的轴向间距h1,撤去第一预紧力；2)对配对轴承的外圈部分的第二轴向外端面施加相对于内圈的第二预紧力,测量外圈部分第二轴向外端面与内圈对应轴向外端面之间的轴向间距h2,撤去第二预紧力；3)当h1＜h2时,对配对轴承的套圈进行调换,当h1≥h2时,对配对轴承中内圈或外圈的相对贴合端面进行修磨,修磨总量为h1-h2；其中,步骤1)和步骤2)中,第一预紧力和第二预紧力大小相等,方向相反。(The invention relates to a control method and a measuring instrument for the pretightening force of a counter bearing, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: 1) applying force to a back-to-back or face-to-face assembled counter bearing, firstly applying a first pre-tightening force relative to the inner ring to a first axially outer end face of an outer ring part of the counter bearing, measuring an axial distance h1 between a second axially outer end face of the outer ring part and a corresponding axially outer end face of the inner ring, and removing the first pre-tightening force; 2) applying a second pre-tightening force relative to the inner ring to the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part of the paired bearing, measuring an axial distance h2 between the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and the corresponding axial outer end face of the inner ring, and removing the second pre-tightening force; 3) when h1 is larger than h2, the bearing ring of the matched bearing is exchanged, when h1 is larger than or equal to h2, the opposite joint end face of the inner ring or the outer ring of the matched bearing is ground, and the grinding total amount is h1-h 2; in the step 1) and the step 2), the first pretightening force and the second pretightening force are equal in size and opposite in direction.)

1. A control method for the pretightening force of a counter bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) applying force to a back-to-back or face-to-face assembled paired bearing (100), wherein each inner ring or outer ring of the paired bearing (100) is mutually attached, or each inner ring and one of the outer rings are mutually attached, and the other one is integrally formed, when applying force, first pre-tightening force relative to the inner ring is applied to a first axial outer end face of an outer ring part of the paired bearing (100), an axial distance h1 between a second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and a corresponding axial outer end face of the inner ring is measured, and the first pre-tightening force is removed;

2) applying a second pre-tightening force relative to the inner ring to a second axial outer end face of the outer ring part of the counter bearing (100), measuring an axial distance h2 between the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and a corresponding axial outer end face of the inner ring, and removing the second pre-tightening force;

3) when h1 is less than h2, the ferrule of the counter bearing (100) is exchanged, when h1 is more than or equal to h2, the opposite joint end face of the inner ring or the outer ring in the counter bearing (100) is ground, and the grinding total amount is h1-h 2;

in the step 1) and the step 2), the first pretightening force and the second pretightening force are equal in size and opposite in direction.

2. The method for controlling the preload force of the paired bearings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), when the paired bearings (100) are assembled back to back, the grinding object is each inner ring or one of the inner rings.

3. The method for controlling the preload of the paired bearings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), when the paired bearings (100) are assembled in a face-to-face manner, the grinding object is each outer ring or one of the outer rings.

4. The method for controlling the pretightening force of the counter bearing according to claim 1, wherein the counter bearing (100) is a double-channel face-to-face counter bearing with an integral inner ring and a separate outer ring, or the counter bearing (100) is a double-channel back-to-back counter bearing with an integral outer ring and a separate inner ring.

5. The method for controlling the pretightening force of the paired bearings according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein in the step 1) and the step 2), a force application device applies the pretightening force to the paired bearings (100), and the force application device is used for applying a unidirectional acting force;

in the step 1), keeping the inner ring part still, and applying a first pretightening force to the outer ring part by a force application device;

in the step 2), the outer ring part is kept still, and the force application device applies first pretightening force to the inner ring part so as to apply second pretightening force to the outer ring part.

6. A method for controlling counter-bearing pretension according to claim 5, characterized in that in step 1) and step 2) gauges h1 and h2 are measured, in step 1) gauge (206) is pressed against the second axial outer end face of the outer ring portion, and in step 2) gauge (206) is pressed against the corresponding outer end face of the inner ring portion.

7. The method for controlling the pretightening force of a counter bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step 1) and step 2), after the pretightening force is applied to the outer race portion, if the second axial outer end surface of the outer race portion and the outer end surface of the corresponding end of the inner race portion are arranged in sequence in the force application direction of the second pretightening force, the corresponding h1 or h2 is a positive value; if the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and the outer end face of the corresponding end of the inner ring part are arranged in sequence in the force application direction of the first pre-tightening force, the corresponding h1 or h2 is a negative value.

8. A surveying instrument, comprising:

the device comprises a rack (201) and a force application device (202), wherein the rack (201) is fixedly arranged, and the force application device (202) is used for applying acting force in a single direction;

the outer ring seat (203) is used for being correspondingly pressed and matched with the outer ring part of the counter bearing (100), and the inner ring seat (204) is used for being correspondingly pressed and matched with the inner ring part of the counter bearing (100);

the outer ring seat (203) can be detachably connected or in top pressing fit with the rack (201), and the inner ring seat (204) is detachably connected or in top pressing fit with the force application device (202) so as to apply acting force in a first direction to the outer ring of the counter bearing (100); the outer ring seat (203) can also be detachably connected or in top pressing fit with the force application device (202), and the inner ring seat (204) is detachably connected or in top pressing fit with the rack (201) so as to apply acting force in a second direction to the outer ring of the counter bearing (100), wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction;

the measuring instrument also comprises a measuring structure for measuring the height difference between the end faces of the same ends of the outer ring part and the inner ring part.

9. The measuring instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer ring seat (203) and the inner ring seat (204) are provided with a threaded connection structure for detachably connecting the frame (201) and the force application device (202).

10. The measuring instrument according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the measuring structure is a measuring gauge (206), the measuring gauge (206) having a measuring head, the outer ring seat (203) being provided with a perforation (205), the perforation (205) being arranged in use in correspondence with the inner ring portion, the perforation (205) being adapted for the measuring head of the measuring gauge (206) to be passed through for pressing against an end face of the inner ring portion.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a control method and a measuring instrument for the pretightening force of a counter bearing.

Background

In practical application, the angular contact ball bearings are generally assembled, that is, two sets of angular contact ball bearings are assembled together in a certain matching manner, and the basic assembling manner includes back-to-back (i.e., the wide end surfaces of the two outer rings are oppositely arranged), face-to-face (i.e., the narrow end surfaces of the two outer rings are oppositely arranged), and series connection (i.e., the narrow end surface of one outer ring is oppositely arranged with the wide end surface of the other outer ring). Specifically, according to the requirements of actual working conditions, matched bearings in different assembling modes are selected.

The counter bearing usually has a certain pretightening force to reduce the axial play in the bearing and enable the ring and the steel ball to be in a pretightening state, so the pretightening force of the counter bearing needs to be controlled according to requirements, and the ring of the bearing is polished according to a measurement result to achieve the bearing pretightening purpose. For the paired bearings in two assembly modes of back-to-back and face-to-face, bidirectional equivalent pre-tightening force needs to be applied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a control method for the pretightening force of counter bearings, which is used for realizing the control of the pretightening force of the counter bearings back to back or face to face; the utility model also provides a measurement appearance of counter bearing pretightning force to realize the application of force to back-to-back or face-to-face counter bearing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the control method for the pretightening force of the counter bearing provided by the invention is as follows: a control method for matching bearing pretightening force comprises the following steps:

1) applying force to the paired bearings assembled back to back or face to face, wherein the inner rings or the outer rings of the paired bearings are mutually attached, or one of the inner rings and the outer rings is mutually attached, and the other one is integrally formed, when applying force, first pre-tightening force relative to the inner rings is applied to the first axial outer end face of the outer ring part of the paired bearings, the axial distance h1 between the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and the corresponding axial outer end face of the inner rings is measured, and the first pre-tightening force is removed;

2) applying a second pre-tightening force relative to the inner ring to the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part of the paired bearing, measuring an axial distance h2 between the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and the corresponding axial outer end face of the inner ring, and removing the second pre-tightening force;

3) when h1 is larger than h2, the bearing ring of the matched bearing is exchanged, when h1 is larger than or equal to h2, the opposite joint end face of the inner ring or the outer ring of the matched bearing is ground, and the grinding total amount is h1-h 2;

in the step 1) and the step 2), the first pretightening force and the second pretightening force are equal in size and opposite in direction.

Has the advantages that: the control and the coping of the pretightening force are carried out after the assembly of the paired bearings is finished, compared with a mode that the pretightening force is calculated and coping is carried out on a single bearing, and then the bearing is assembled, the error is smaller, and the paired bearings after coping are more accurate. Through applying the effort of two opposite directions in proper order to the counter bearing, can obtain the coping volume, and then carry out the coping, when guaranteeing normal use after the coping, after back to back or face to face counter bearing received the pretightning force at both ends, the inner circle and/or the outer lane of components of a whole that can function independently can laminate each other, and the homoenergetic reaches the state of pretension, guarantees to bear two-way great axial force.

Preferably, in the step 3), when the bearing is matched in a back-to-back matching mode, the grinding object is each inner ring or one of the inner rings.

Preferably, in the step 3), when the paired bearings are in a face-to-face assembly mode, the grinding object is each outer ring or one of the outer rings.

Preferably, the paired bearings are paired face to face bearings with the inner ring integrated and the outer ring separated double channels, or the paired bearings are paired back to back bearings with the outer ring integrated and the inner ring separated double channels.

Preferably, in step 1) and step 2), a force application device applies pretightening force to the paired bearings, and the force application device is used for applying unidirectional acting force;

in the step 1), keeping the inner ring part still, and applying a first pretightening force to the outer ring part by a force application device;

in the step 2), the outer ring part is kept still, and the force application device applies first pretightening force to the inner ring part so as to apply second pretightening force to the outer ring part. By alternately keeping the inner ring part and the outer ring part still and applying force by the force applying device, the bidirectional force application to the outer ring part can be realized by a unidirectional force application structure, and the structure is simple.

Preferably, h1 and h2 are measured with gauges in step 1) and step 2), the gauges being against the second axial outer end face of the outer ring portion in step 1), and the gauges being against the corresponding outer end face of the inner ring portion in step 2).

Preferably, in step 1) and step 2), after the preload is applied to the outer ring portion, if the second axial outer end surface of the outer ring portion and the outer end surface of the corresponding end of the inner ring portion are sequentially arranged in the direction of the second preload, the corresponding h1 or h2 is a positive value; if the second axial outer end face of the outer ring part and the outer end face of the corresponding end of the inner ring part are arranged in sequence in the force application direction of the first pre-tightening force, the corresponding h1 or h2 is a negative value.

The technical scheme of the measuring instrument is as follows: a surveying instrument, comprising:

the device comprises a rack and a force application device, wherein the rack is fixedly arranged, and the force application device is used for applying a unidirectional acting force;

the outer ring seat is used for correspondingly and tightly pressing and matching with the outer ring part of the paired bearings, and the inner ring seat is used for correspondingly and tightly pressing and matching with the inner ring part of the paired bearings;

the outer ring seat can be detachably connected with or in top-pressing fit with the rack, and the inner ring seat is detachably connected with or in top-pressing fit with the force application device so as to apply acting force in a first direction on the outer ring of the bearing; the outer ring seat can be detachably connected or in top pressing fit with the force application device, the inner ring seat is detachably connected or in top pressing fit with the rack so as to apply acting force in a second direction to the outer ring of the paired bearings, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction;

the measuring instrument also comprises a measuring structure for measuring the height difference between the end faces of the same ends of the outer ring part and the inner ring part.

Has the advantages that: the inner ring seat and the outer ring seat can be matched with the force application device and the rack, the pretightening force jacking in two directions of the outer ring can be realized on the premise of unidirectional force application of the force application device by changing the positions of the inner ring seat and the outer ring seat, two force application devices do not need to be arranged at two ends of the bearing, and the bearing is simple in structure and lower in cost.

Preferably, the outer ring seat and the inner ring seat are respectively provided with a threaded connection structure for detachably connecting the rack and the force application device.

Preferably, the measuring structure is a measuring meter, the measuring meter is provided with a measuring head, the outer ring seat is provided with a through hole, the through hole is arranged corresponding to the inner ring part when in use, and the measuring head of the measuring meter penetrates through the through hole to be pressed on the end face of the inner ring part. The measuring head can be correspondingly contacted with the inner ring part by arranging the through hole, so that the height difference can be measured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method for controlling the preload of a counter bearing according to the present invention when the preload is applied to the outer race portion;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the preload applied to the inner race portion in the method for controlling the preload of the counter bearing according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner-ring-integrated and outer-ring-separated dual-channel paired bearing applied to the method for controlling the pretightening force of the paired bearing provided by the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a back-to-back paired bearing with split inner and outer rings, which is applicable to the method for controlling the pretightening force of the paired bearing provided by the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a face-to-face paired bearing with split inner and outer rings, which is suitable for the method for controlling the pretightening force of the paired bearing provided by the invention;

description of reference numerals:

100. matching the bearings; 101. an integral outer ring; 102. a first inner race; 103. a second inner race; 104. a steel ball; 105. an integral inner ring; 106. a first outer race; 107. a second outer race; 108. a first bearing; 109. a second bearing; 200. a measuring instrument; 201. a frame; 202. a force application device; 203. an outer race seat; 204. an inner ring seat; 205. perforating; 206. and (6) measuring the meter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, elements recited by the phrase "comprising an … …" do not exclude the inclusion of such elements in processes or methods.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" when they are used are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the term "provided" may be used in a broad sense, for example, the object of "provided" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and the connection may be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

The specific embodiment 1 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention:

as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for controlling the preload of the counter bearing (hereinafter referred to as the control method) of the present invention is used to determine the grinding amount of the counter bearing, so as to ensure that each inner ring and each outer ring can be correspondingly attached together when a bidirectional preload is applied to the counter bearing 100, thereby reducing or even eliminating the axial play and enabling the bearing ring and the steel ball to be in a preload state.

First, describing the measuring instrument 200 used for implementing the control method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the measuring instrument 200 includes a frame 201, where the frame 201 is a frame-type structure, and the counter bearing 100 can be inserted into the frame 201, and at the same time, a channel is formed on the frame 201 for the measuring instrument 206 to penetrate. The meter 200 further comprises a force applying means 202 capable of applying a force, the force applying means 202 being capable of applying a unidirectional action. The force applying device 202 may be a single-direction force applying structure such as a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, or an electric push rod.

The measuring instrument 200 further comprises an outer ring seat 203 and an inner ring seat 204, both the outer ring seat 203 and the inner ring seat 204 are of U-shaped structures, the outer ring seat 203 can be pressed on the outer ring part of the matching bearing 100, the size of the outer ring seat 203 is matched with that of the outer ring part, and the matching means that the outer ring seat 203 cannot be pressed on the inner ring part; the inner race seat 204 can be pressed against the inner race portion of the counter bearing 100, and the inner race seat 204 does not press against the outer race portion.

As shown in fig. 1, a through hole 205 is formed in the outer race seat 203 at a position corresponding to the inner race portion of the counter bearing 100, so that the measurement head of the gauge 206 can be pressed against the end face of the inner race portion of the counter bearing 100 through the through hole 205. The measuring gauge 206 here is actually a dial indicator or dial gauge, and has a measuring head and a dial plate, the measuring head can be pressed against the bearing, and the dial plate can directly read the numerical value. The outer ring seat 203, the inner ring seat 204, the frame 201 and the force application device 202 are all detachably connected, and may be specifically bolted, and the like, and are detachable.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the paired bearings 100 are back-to-back paired bearings, the outer ring part is an integrated outer ring 101, the inner ring part includes a first inner ring 102 and a second inner ring 103, and steel balls 104 are respectively installed between the first inner ring 102 and the integrated outer ring 101 and between the second inner ring 103 and the integrated outer ring 101, so that the paired bearings 100 of this embodiment are double-channel paired bearings with integrated outer rings and split inner rings.

The control method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) the outer ring seat 203 is fixed on the force application device 202, the inner ring seat 204 is fixed on the frame 201, the assembled bearing is arranged on the outer ring seat 203, the inner ring seat 204 is positioned above the bearing, wherein the first inner ring 102 of the assembled bearing is positioned above the second inner ring 103, the first inner ring 102 and the second inner ring 103 are attached and pressed together, and the first inner ring 102 is pressed on the inner ring seat 204. The force application device 202 applies a pretightening force with an upward acting force F to the integrated outer ring 101, the first inner ring 102 and the second inner ring 103 are kept still, the integrated outer ring 101 is pushed upwards, and the play between the integrated outer ring 101 and the first inner ring 102 is eliminated. At this time, the axial distance between the upper end surface of the one-piece outer race 101 and the upper end surface of the first inner race 102 is h1, h1 is measured by the gauge 206, and then the urging device 202 is removed.

2) The assembled bearing is kept still, the inner ring seat 204 is fixed on the force application device 202, the outer ring seat 203 is fixed on the frame 201, the outer ring seat 203 is pressed against the integrated outer ring 101, and the inner ring seat 204 is pressed against the second inner ring 103. The force application device 202 applies a pretightening force with an upward acting force F to the second inner ring 103, the integrated outer ring 101 is kept still, the first inner ring 102 and the second inner ring 103 are pushed upwards, and the play between the integrated outer ring 101 and the second inner ring 103 is eliminated. At this time, the axial distance between the upper end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 and the upper end surface of the first inner ring 102 is h2, h2 is measured by the gauge 206, and the measuring head of the gauge 206 is pushed out of the through hole 205 and abuts against the first inner ring 102 during measurement. In the case of h1 or h2, when the upper end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is located above the upper end surface of the first inner ring 102, the value of h is a positive value, and when the upper end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is located below the upper end surface of the first inner ring 102, the value of h is a negative value.

3) Judging the sizes of h1 and h2, and grinding the inner ring part if h1 is more than h2, wherein the total grinding amount is h1-h 2; if h1 is less than h2, the selected inner ring part and the outer ring part do not meet the assembly requirement, and the bearing ring is replaced; when h1= h2, thinning is not required.

In this embodiment, the order of step 1) and step 2) may be changed, and when the inner ring portion is ground, the lower end surface of the first inner ring 102 may be ground, the upper end surface of the second inner ring 103 may be ground, or the lower end surface of the first inner ring 102 and the upper end surface of the second inner ring 103 may be ground at the same time, as long as the total grinding amount is ensured to be h1-h 2.

The principle of this embodiment is that, in fig. 1, step 1) may be considered to apply downward pretension to the first inner ring 102, although the upward pretension is applied to the integrated outer ring 101; in fig. 2, step 2) is to apply an upward biasing force to the second inner race 103, and when the bearing is in the state of fig. 2, the second inner race 103 reaches a biased state. When the first inner ring 102 does not reach the pre-tightening state, in order to enable the first inner ring 102 to reach the pre-tightening state, the first inner ring 102 needs to be pressed downwards and then pressed against the first inner ring 102 by a distance of h1-h2, because the first inner ring 102 and the second inner ring 103 are attached together, the first inner ring 102 cannot move downwards, in order to enable the first inner ring 102 to move downwards, a space with a height of h1-h2 needs to be formed between the first inner ring 102 and the second inner ring 103, therefore, the first inner ring 102 and/or the second inner ring 103 need to be ground to reserve a space of h1-h2, and therefore, after the two ends of the bearing are subjected to pre-tightening force, the first inner ring 102 and the second inner ring 103 are just attached and both reach the pre-tightening state. In the same principle, if h1 < h2 indicates that the pretightening force is F, the pretightening force is not formed between the first inner ring 102 and the integrated outer ring 101, and the surface ferrule does not meet the assembly requirement and needs to be replaced.

In step 1), in the measurement of h1, a cylinder having a height equal to the upper end surface of the first inner ring 102 is provided outside the bearing, the gauge 206 is set to zero by being pressed against the cylinder, and then normal measurement is performed. In step 2), in the measurement of h2, a cylinder having a height equal to the upper end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is provided outside the bearing, and the gauge 206 is set to zero by being pressed against the cylinder, and then normal measurement is performed.

It should be noted that "holding the inner ring portion and applying upward biasing force to the outer ring portion" has substantially the same effect as "holding the outer ring portion and applying downward biasing force to the inner ring portion" and is merely for achieving the opposing force of the inner ring portion and the outer ring portion. Similarly, in step 1), the axial distance between the upper end surface of the first inner ring 102 and the upper end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is h1, and the axial distance between the lower end surface of the second inner ring 103 and the lower end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is defined as h 3. In step 2), an axial distance between the upper end surface of the first inner ring 102 and the upper end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is h2, and an axial distance between the lower end surface of the second inner ring 103 and the lower end surface of the integrated outer ring 101 is defined as h 4. Then h1 > h2, correspondingly, h3 is less than h4, and the difference between h4 and h3 is the same as h1-h 2. As can be seen from this comparison, when measuring the axial distance between the upper end surface of the first inner race 102 and the upper end surface of the one-piece outer race 101, the method may be a direct measurement method as in step 1) and step 2), or, of course, an indirect measurement method may also be used.

In this embodiment, the lower end surface of the outer ring portion is a first axial outer end surface of the outer ring portion, the upward pretightening force is a first pretightening force, the upper end surface of the outer ring portion is a second axial outer end surface of the outer ring portion, and the downward pretightening force is a second pretightening force. It should be noted that the first preload force and the second preload force are in opposing relationship only, and that the forces are equal and opposite, and likewise, the first axially outer end surface and the second axially outer end surface are in opposing relationship only.

In this embodiment, the measuring gauge 206 forms a measuring structure capable of measuring the height difference of the end face of the same end. In this embodiment, the inner ring seat and the outer ring seat are connected to the force applying device and the frame through bolts, bolt through holes for bolts to pass through are formed in the inner ring seat and the outer ring seat, and the bolt through holes form a threaded connection structure. In other embodiments, the threaded connection structure may be a threaded hole formed in the inner ring seat and the outer ring seat, or may be a screw rod fixedly arranged on the inner ring seat and the outer ring seat.

The specific embodiment 2 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

the difference from embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 3, the control method of the present embodiment is directed to a face-to-face bearing in which inner rings are separated and outer rings are integrated, and includes an integrated inner ring 105, a first outer ring 106, and a second outer ring 107, and steel balls 104 are provided between the first outer ring 106 and the integrated inner ring 105, and between the second outer ring 107 and the integrated inner ring 105.

The steps of the control method of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not described herein again. The grinding objects of the face-to-face paired bearings are the first outer ring 106 and/or the second outer ring 107, and the grinding positions are opposite end faces.

The specific embodiment 3 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention:

the difference from embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 4, the control method of the present embodiment is directed to a paired bearing in which two separate bearings are assembled in a back-to-back assembly manner, wherein a first bearing 108 and a second bearing 109 are assembled together in a back-to-back assembly manner, the first bearing 108 includes a first outer ring 106 and a first inner ring 102, the second bearing 109 includes a second outer ring 107 and a second inner ring 103, and each bearing includes a steel ball 104. The procedure of this example was the same as example 1, and the thinning target was an inner ring.

The specific embodiment 4 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention:

the difference from embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 5, the control method of the present embodiment is directed to a mating bearing in which two split bearings are assembled in a face-to-face assembly, wherein a first bearing 108 and a second bearing 109 are assembled together in a face-to-face assembly, the first bearing 108 includes a first outer ring 106 and a first inner ring 102, and the second bearing 109 includes a second outer ring 107 and a second inner ring 103, each of which includes a steel ball 104. The procedure of this example was the same as example 1, and the thinning target was the outer ring.

The specific embodiment 5 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention:

the difference from embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the distance measuring instrument used for measuring the height difference can be a non-contact distance measuring instrument.

The specific embodiment 6 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention:

the difference from the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 1, the seat ring, the force applying device and the frame are all in detachable connection. In this embodiment, the seat ring, the force applying device and the frame are only in a press fit relationship and do not have a connection relationship.

The specific embodiment 7 of the control method for the preload of the counter bearing provided by the invention:

the difference from embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the control of the counter bearing preload is realized by the measuring instrument. In the embodiment, force is applied in the following mode, the upper end and the lower end of the bearing are respectively provided with a force application device and a top pressure plate, when upward acting force is applied to the outer ring, the upper pressure plate is pressed against the inner ring, and the lower force application device is pressed against the outer ring; when downward acting force is applied to the outer ring, the lower pressing plate presses against the inner ring, and the upper force application device presses against the outer ring.

The specific embodiment of the measuring instrument provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

the structure of the measuring instrument is the same as that of the measuring instrument described in any one of embodiments 1 to 6 in the above method for controlling the bearing preload, and details are not repeated here.

Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments without departing from the inventive concept, or some of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.