阅读说明：本技术 一种炭基有机肥料保苗营养体 (Seedling protection nutrient body of carbon-based organic fertilizer ) 是由 林启美 肖弘扬 李贵桐 赵小蓉 李建忠 李二珍 刘娟 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种炭基有机肥料保苗营养体,由包括腐熟有机肥、生物炭、黏土、草炭土、吸水剂、生根剂和缓释尿素的原料配比混合并液压成为圆柱体制得。本发明的产品操作方便、技术简单、成本低,可以满足作物生长时期的需求,无需追肥,有效地保障种子萌发和幼苗生长,增加根系生物量,减少肥料用量,解决了作物苗期有机肥料施用不均、效率低和浪费的问题。(The invention provides a seedling-protecting nutrient body of a carbon-based organic fertilizer, which is prepared by mixing raw materials including decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay, turfy soil, a water absorbent, a rooting agent and slow-release urea in a ratio and hydraulically pressing the raw materials into a cylinder. The product of the invention has convenient operation, simple technology and low cost, can meet the requirements of crops in the growth period, does not need additional fertilizer, effectively ensures seed germination and seedling growth, increases root biomass, reduces fertilizer consumption, and solves the problems of uneven application, low efficiency and waste of organic fertilizer in the seedling period of the crops.)

1. The seedling protection nutrient body is characterized by being prepared by mixing raw materials including decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay, turfy soil, a water-retaining agent, a rooting agent and slow-release urea in a ratio.

2. The nursery sock according to claim 1, wherein the nursery sock preparation process comprises: uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil and adjusting the water content; adding slow-release urea into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, and pouring the mixture into the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder; adding a water-retaining agent and a rooting agent into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, mixing, and pouring into a hydraulic cylinder; hydraulic pressure to form cylindrical nutrient body.

3. The nursery sock according to claim 2, wherein the nursery sock preparation process comprises: uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil, and adjusting the water content to 50%; adding slow-release urea into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, and pouring into the position 5cm away from the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder; adding a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil into a water-retaining agent and a rooting agent, and pouring into a hydraulic cylinder; the liquid pressure becomes a cylindrical nutrient body with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 5 cm.

4. The seedling-protecting nutrient according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the seedling-protecting nutrient is prepared by mixing 20 to 40 percent of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5 to 15 percent of biochar, 5 to 15 percent of clay, 30 to 50 percent of turfy soil, 0.5 to 5 percent of water-retaining agent, 0.001 to 0.005 percent of rooting agent and 1 to 5 percent of slow-release urea in a raw material ratio.

5. The seedling protection nutrition body of claim 4, wherein the seedling protection nutrition body is prepared by mixing 20% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 50% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow release urea, 1% of water retention agent and 0.003% of rooting agent in proportion; or the seedling protection nutrient body is prepared by mixing raw materials of 30 percent of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 40 percent of turfy soil, 10 percent of salix psammophila biochar, 10 percent of clay, 2 percent of slow release urea, 1 percent of water retention agent and 0.003 percent of rooting agent in proportion; or the seedling-protecting nutrient body is prepared by mixing raw materials of 40% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 30% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow-release urea, 1% of water-retaining agent and 0.003% of rooting agent in proportion.

6. The seedling-protecting nutrient according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water-retaining agent is an anionic polyacrylamide having a molecular weight of 1000 ten thousand, and/or the rooting agent is a naphthylacetic acid rooting agent having an effective component of 20%.

7. The seedling nutrient as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the biochar particle size is less than 1 mm.

8. The seedling-protecting nutrient according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil are mixed by crushing the biochar and then mixing the crushed biochar with the decomposed organic fertilizer, the clay and the turfy soil.

9. The method for producing a seedling-protecting nutrient according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil and adjusting the water content; adding slow-release urea into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, and pouring the mixture into the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder; adding a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil into a water-retaining agent and a rooting agent, and pouring into a hydraulic cylinder; hydraulic pressure to form cylindrical nutrient body.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil are mixed by pulverizing the biochar and then mixing with the decomposed organic fertilizer, the clay and the turfy soil.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a seedling protection nutrient body of a carbon-based organic fertilizer.

Background

The biochar can be used as a soil conditioner due to the excellent properties of the biochar, and the biochar and an organic fertilizer are fused to prepare the biochar-based organic fertilizer, so that the biochar-based organic fertilizer can further promote the yield increase of crops on the basis of inheriting the original excellent properties, and has important significance for reducing the application of chemical fertilizers. The biochar-based organic fertilizer can reduce the using amount of chemical fertilizers, promote the high-quality growth and yield increase of crops and reduce the agricultural production cost, more agricultural fertilization choices are provided by the mutual fusion of biochar and soil fertilizers, and the preparation and production process of the biochar-based fertilizer mainly comprises a blending method, an adsorption method, a coating method, a mixing granulation method and the like at present.

With the adjustment of agricultural structures and the development of ecological agriculture, the research on carbon-based fertilizers gradually becomes a hotspot of the research in the fields of plant nutrition and fertilizers, and is an important way for realizing the high-efficiency utilization of fertilizers and the sustainable development of land production. The conventional production process of organic fertilizers is mainly followed, and as biochar belongs to a brittle material, the cohesiveness is not high, so that the carbon-based fertilizer produced by the conventional production process of organic fertilizers has low strength and high material return rate. In order to solve the existing problems and realize the goal of sufficient productivity of the biochar-based fertilizer, the research and development requirements on the biochar-based fertilizer production process are very urgent.

Therefore, the development of a production technology of carbon-based organic fertilizer capable of being effectively utilized is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a seedling-protecting nutrient body containing a carbon-based organic fertilizer, which is prepared by taking the carbon-based organic fertilizer as a main material, proportionally and sectionally mixing the carbon-based organic fertilizer with a water-retaining agent, a rooting agent, turfy soil, clay, slow-release urea and the like on the basis of defining the excellent characteristics of the carbon-based organic fertilizer and performing hydraulic forming, so that each material can fully play a role, the fertilizer consumption is reduced, and the effect of efficient utilization is achieved. The prepared two-section nutrient body has the NPK nutrient in the bottom 5cm and water retaining agent and rooting agent in the upper 5cm, so that the requirement of the plant is better met, the plant root system grows better and more intensively, the nutrient is absorbed, and the seed germination and seedling growth are ensured.

On one hand, the invention provides a seedling protection nutrient body of a carbon-based organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that the seedling protection nutrient body is prepared by mixing raw materials including decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay, turfy soil, a water-retaining agent, a rooting agent and slow-release urea in a ratio.

Further, the preparation process of the seedling-protecting nutrient comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil and adjusting the water content; adding slow-release urea into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, and pouring the mixture into the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder; adding a water-retaining agent and a rooting agent into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, mixing, and pouring into a hydraulic cylinder; hydraulic pressure to form cylindrical nutrient body.

Further, the preparation process of the seedling-protecting nutrient comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil, and adjusting the water content to 50%; adding slow-release urea into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, and pouring into the position 5cm away from the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder; adding a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil into a water-retaining agent and a rooting agent, and pouring into a hydraulic cylinder; the liquid pressure becomes a cylindrical nutrient body with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 5 cm.

Furthermore, the seedling protection nutrient body is prepared by mixing 20-40% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5-15% of charcoal, 5-15% of clay, 30-50% of turfy soil, 0.5-5% of water-retaining agent, 0.001-0.005% of rooting agent and 1-5% of slow-release urea in proportion.

Further, the seedling protection nutrient body is prepared by mixing 20% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 50% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow release urea, 1% of water retention agent and 0.003% of rooting agent in a ratio; or the seedling protection nutrient body is prepared by mixing raw materials of 30 percent of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 40 percent of turfy soil, 10 percent of salix psammophila biochar, 10 percent of clay, 2 percent of slow release urea, 1 percent of water retention agent and 0.003 percent of rooting agent in proportion; or the seedling-protecting nutrient body is prepared by mixing raw materials of 40% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 30% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow-release urea, 1% of water-retaining agent and 0.003% of rooting agent in proportion.

Further, the water-retaining agent is anionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 1000 ten thousand, and/or the rooting agent is a naphthylacetic acid rooting agent with the effective component of 20%.

Further, the particle size of the biochar is smaller than 1 mm.

Further, when the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil are mixed, the biochar is firstly crushed and then mixed with the decomposed organic fertilizer, the clay and the turfy soil.

In another aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the above seedling-protecting trophosome, comprising: uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil and adjusting the water content; adding slow-release urea into a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil, and pouring the mixture into the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder; adding a mixture of decomposed organic fertilizer, biochar, clay and turfy soil into a water-retaining agent and a rooting agent, and pouring into a hydraulic cylinder; hydraulic pressure to form cylindrical nutrient body.

Further, when the decomposed organic fertilizer, the biochar, the clay and the turfy soil are mixed, the biochar is firstly crushed and then mixed with the decomposed organic fertilizer, the clay and the turfy soil.

The typical process for preparing the biochar in the application is as follows: crushing a biomass raw material into powder; placing biomass raw material powder in a high-temperature-resistant closed container, and carrying out carbonization treatment for 1-3 h at 300-700 ℃ under an anoxic condition; cooling the carbonized powder to room temperature, and crushing to obtain biochar; other known methods for preparing biochar can be routinely used by those skilled in the art.

The decomposed organic fertilizer in the present application can be selected from various known varieties including, but not limited to, decomposed sheep manure, decomposed cattle manure, decomposed pig manure, etc.

The water retaining agent in the present application may be selected from a variety of commercially available or self-made articles known in the art, including but not limited to polyacrylamide water retaining agents of various molecular weights.

The rooting agent in the present application can be selected from a variety of commercially available or self-made products known in the art, including but not limited to, naphthylacetic acid rooting agents.

The biochar in the application can be prepared from various biomass raw materials, including but not limited to salix psammophila biochar used in the embodiments, wheat straw, corn straw, rice straw, cotton straw, peanut hull, fruit tree pruning, shrub branch biochar, and the like.

The seedling protection nutrition body makes the materials of different biochemical components fully contact, utilizes the function coordination that makes each material different, and full play acts on, and then reduces the fertilizer quantity, plays the effect of high-efficient utilization, and then satisfies the demand of plant better, makes the plant roots better, more concentrated growth, absorbs the nutrient.

The biochar contains a large amount of carbon and plant nutrients, has a rich pore structure, a large specific surface area and a large number of oxygen-containing active groups on the surface. It not only can improve soil, increase fertility, adsorb heavy metal and organic pollutant in soil or sewage, but also has better fixing effect on carbon and nitrogen, and can reduce CO when being applied to soil₂、N₂O、CH₄And the emission of greenhouse gases.

The peatmoss contains a lot of water, and also plant residues, even some microorganisms, which are not completely decomposed. Because watering or fertilization can lead to the soil alkalization comparatively frequently, become very dry and hard, be unfavorable for growing, and add some turfy soil in the soil, can not only bring acidity, can also bring elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, it is especially obvious to the improvement effect of saline-alkali soil, play very obvious effect of activating soil fertility.

The water-retaining agent is a typical functional polymer material, can absorb hundreds of times, even thousands of times of water of its own weight, and has strong water-retaining capacity.

The slow release of the urea reduces the speed of the urea which is released or decomposed into ammonia, and the synchronism of the generation speed of the ammonia and the utilization speed of the ammonia is enhanced, so that the utilization efficiency of the urea is improved, and the requirement of crops on nitrogen in the later growth stage is met.

The clay is soil with high clay content, has strong plasticity, can bond the substances together, and is not easy to disperse.

The preparation method of the seedling-protecting nutrient body is low in operation cost and comprehensive in design, the decomposed organic fertilizer, the charcoal powder, the turfy soil, the clay, the water-retaining agent, the rooting agent and the slow-release urea are uniformly mixed together through mass proportion to play a role together, a physical system body in close contact is further formed through hydraulic pressure, the fertilizer-protecting and seedling-protecting consistency can be realized, and the preparation method has an obvious improvement effect on biomass, yield and root system development.

The seedling protection nutrient can improve the effectiveness of the fertilizer, does not cause waste and pollution, and greatly improves the economic benefit and the environmental benefit of agriculture; play a role in protecting seedlings and water; the biomass and the yield of crops are improved; the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a root system map, in which the left side is a control and the right side is example 1;

FIG. 2 is a root system map with control on the left and example 2 on the right;

FIG. 3 is a root system map with control on the left and example 3 on the right;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a nursery trophosome entity of the present application;

fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the seedling protection nutrient according to the present application.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a seedling protection nutrition body of a carbon-based organic fertilizer, which comprises, by mass, 20% of a decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 50% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow release urea, 1% of a water-retaining agent (polyacrylamide, anionic type, molecular weight 1000 ten thousand) and 0.003% of a rooting agent (naphthylacetic acid, active ingredient content 20%).

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the seedling protection nutrient body, which comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing salix psammophila biochar powder to 1mm, mixing 10% of biochar with 20% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, then uniformly mixing with 50% of turfy soil and 10% of clay, adjusting the water content to 50%, adding slow-release urea into about 100g of the fertilizer mixture, pouring the mixture into a position 5cm from the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder, adding 1% of water-retaining agent and 0.003% of rooting agent into about 100g of the mixture, pouring the mixture into the hydraulic cylinder, and then hydraulically pressing the mixture into a cylindrical nutrient body with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 5cm, thus preparing the biochar-based organic fertilizer seedling-protecting nutrient body.

Effects of application

The seedling-protecting nutrient body in example 1 was tested in a field, sunflower seeds were planted at a density of 4000 plants/mu, the nutrient body was buried in a pit, 1 sunflower seed was placed on the top of each nutrient body, about 100ml of water was added, and the sunflower seeds were covered with fine sand about 2cm thick. While only fertilizer application was used as a control. Positioning and measuring the germination time of seeds in 2 weeks, calculating the rate of emergence, and observing the shape of the sunflower root system in the harvest period to verify the application effect, wherein the results are shown in table 1 and figure 1, and after only applying the fertilizer into soil, the fertilizer has serious loss, low utilization rate, poor seedling protection effect, shallow root growth and no deep root pricking. After the seedling-protecting nutrient body of the embodiment is applied to soil, the emergence rate is obviously increased compared with that of a contrast fertilizer, and the root system is deeply rooted and grows in the nutrient body in a concentrated manner. Therefore, the seedling protection nutrient provided by the embodiment can enhance the emergence of crops and the growth of root systems.

TABLE 1 sunflower emergence rate

Example 2

The embodiment provides a seedling protection nutrition body of a carbon-based organic fertilizer, which comprises, by mass, 30% of a decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 40% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow release urea, 1% of a water-retaining agent (polyacrylamide, anionic type, molecular weight 1000 ten thousand) and 0.003% of a rooting agent (naphthylacetic acid, active ingredient content 20%).

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the seedling protection nutrient body, which comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing salix psammophila biochar powder to 1mm, mixing 10% of biochar with 30% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, uniformly mixing with 40% of turfy soil and 10% of clay, adjusting the water content to 50%, adding slow-release urea into about 100g of the fertilizer mixture, pouring the mixture into a position 5cm from the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder, adding 1% of water-retaining agent and 0.003% of rooting agent into about 100g of the mixture, pouring the mixture into the hydraulic cylinder, and performing hydraulic pressing to obtain a cylindrical nutrient body with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 5cm, thus preparing the biochar-based organic fertilizer seedling-protecting nutrient body.

Effects of application

The seedling-protecting nutrient body in example 2 was tested in a field, sunflower seeds were planted at a density of 4000 plants/mu, the nutrient body was buried by digging a hole, 1 sunflower seed was placed on the top of each nutrient body, about 100ml of water was added, and the sunflower seeds were covered with fine sand about 2cm thick. While only fertilizer application was used as a control. Positioning and measuring the germination time of the seeds in 2 weeks, calculating the emergence rate, observing the root form of the sunflower in the harvest period, and verifying the application effect, wherein the results are shown in table 2 and figure 2, and the use effect of the example 2 is similar to that of the example 1 but more obvious than that of the example 1 compared with the control.

TABLE 2 sunflower emergence rate

Example 3

The embodiment provides a seedling protection nutrition body of a carbon-based organic fertilizer, which comprises, by mass, 40% of a decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, 30% of turfy soil, 10% of salix psammophila biochar, 10% of clay, 2% of slow release urea, 1% of a water-retaining agent (polyacrylamide, anionic type, molecular weight 1000 ten thousand) and 0.003% of a rooting agent (naphthylacetic acid, active ingredient content 20%).

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the seedling protection nutrient body, which comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing salix psammophila biochar into 1mm, mixing 10% of biochar with 40% of decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer, then uniformly mixing with 30% of turfy soil and 10% of clay, adjusting the water content to be 50%, adding slow-release urea into about 100g of the fertilizer mixture, pouring the mixture into a position 5cm from the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder, adding 1% of water-retaining agent and 0.003% of rooting agent into about 100g of the mixture, pouring the mixture into the hydraulic cylinder, and then hydraulically pressing the mixture into a cylindrical nutrient body with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 5cm, thus preparing the biochar-based organic fertilizer seedling-protecting nutrient body.

TABLE 3 sunflower emergence rate

Effects of application

The seedling-protecting nutrient body in example 3 was tested in a field, sunflower seeds were planted at a density of 4000 plants/mu, and after the nutrient body was buried in a pit, 1 sunflower seed was placed on the top of each nutrient body, and about 100ml of water was added, and the sunflower seeds were covered with fine sand about 2cm thick. While only fertilizer application was used as a control. Positioning and measuring the germination time of the seeds in 2 weeks, calculating the rate of emergence, observing the root form of the sunflower in the harvest period, and verifying the application effect. As shown in Table 3 and FIG. 3, the results of example 3 were similar to those of example 1, and the emergence rate of sunflower was improved, as compared with the control, and the effect was slightly inferior to that of example 2.

Finally, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.