阅读说明：本技术 一种快速调整盾构机刀盘刀具配置方法 (Method for rapidly adjusting cutter configuration of cutter head of shield tunneling machine ) 是由 吕岩 段武全 魏辉 丁仕强 张子超 郭宇航 于 2021-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种快速调整盾构机刀盘刀具配置方法,包括步骤：一、刀盘分区；二、判断掘进区地层类别；步骤三、配置刀盘。本发明操作便捷,灵活性强,对于长距离隧道在掘进过程中遇到的多种地层类别,提供了不同的刀盘刀具快速配置方案,便于根据当前掘进区的地层类别,在施工现场快速调整刀盘上的刀具配置,避免了在施工现场频繁更换刀盘和调整刀盘开口率,提高了施工效率,便于推广使用。(The invention discloses a method for rapidly adjusting the cutter configuration of a cutter head of a shield tunneling machine, which comprises the following steps: firstly, partitioning a cutter head; secondly, judging the stratum type of the excavation region; and step three, configuring a cutter head. The method is convenient and fast to operate, high in flexibility, different cutter head cutter rapid configuration schemes are provided for various stratum types encountered in the tunneling process of the long-distance tunnel, cutter configuration on the cutter head is rapidly adjusted on a construction site conveniently according to the stratum type of the current tunneling area, frequent cutter head replacement and cutter head opening rate adjustment on the construction site are avoided, construction efficiency is improved, and popularization and use are facilitated.)

1. A method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of cutter on cutter head of shield machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, partitioning a cutter head: the cutter head (1) is divided into an annular mounting panel and a central mounting panel (10), wherein the annular mounting panel comprises a first cutter beam (2), a second cutter beam (3), a third cutter beam (4), a fourth cutter beam (5), a fifth cutter beam (6), a sixth cutter beam (7), a seventh cutter beam (8) and an eighth cutter beam (9) which are uniformly distributed clockwise;

dividing the first cutter beam (2) into a first configuration area and first fixed areas arranged at two sides of the first configuration area, dividing the second cutter beam (3) into a second configuration area, dividing the third cutter beam (4) into a third configuration area and second fixed areas arranged at two sides of the third configuration area, dividing the fourth cutter beam (5) into a fourth configuration area, dividing the fifth cutter beam (6) into a fifth configuration area and third fixed areas arranged at two sides of the fifth configuration area, dividing the sixth cutter beam (7) into a sixth configuration area, dividing the seventh cutter beam (8) into a seventh configuration area and fourth fixed areas arranged at two sides of the seventh configuration area, and dividing the eighth cutter beam (9) into an eighth configuration area;

a plurality of fishtail knives (13) are arranged on a central mounting panel (10), and a plurality of scrapers (14) are arranged on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area;

step two, judging the stratum type of the excavation region: acquiring geological parameters in a geological survey report before tunnel construction, and determining the stratum category of a driving area according to the geological parameters, wherein the geological parameters comprise the depth of a driving surface, and the thickness of a rock stratum layer, the thickness of a gravel soil layer, the thickness of a sand soil layer, the thickness of a silt soil layer and the thickness of a cohesive soil layer in a driving range;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises sandy soil, silt and cohesive soil, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer is less than 30%, judging that the stratum type is a first-class stratum;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises sandy soil, silt and cohesive soil, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer is more than 30%, judging that the stratum type is a second-type stratum;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises rock layers and gravel soil, judging the stratum type to be three types of strata;

when the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil in the tunneling range is larger than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, judging that the stratum type is four types of stratum;

when the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil in the tunneling range is smaller than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, judging the stratum type to be five types of strata;

step three, configuring a cutter head: installing a hob (11) and a cutter (12) on the annular installation panel according to the stratum category of the excavation area;

when the excavation region is a type of stratum, a plurality of cutters (12) are arranged on the first configuration region, the second configuration region, the third configuration region, the fourth configuration region, the fifth configuration region, the sixth configuration region, the seventh configuration region and the eighth configuration region, and scrapers (14) on the first fixing region, the second fixing region, the third fixing region and the fourth fixing region are fixed at a first height position;

when the excavation area is a second-type stratum, a plurality of cutters (12) are arranged on the first configuration area, the second configuration area, the third configuration area, the fourth configuration area, the fifth configuration area, the sixth configuration area, the seventh configuration area and the eighth configuration area, and scrapers (14) on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area are fixed at a second height position, wherein the second height position is higher than the first height position, and the distance between the second height position and the first height position ranges from 10 mm to 30 mm;

when the excavation region is a three-type stratum, a plurality of hobs (11) are arranged in the first configuration region, the second configuration region, the third configuration region, the fourth configuration region, the fifth configuration region, the sixth configuration region, the seventh configuration region and the eighth configuration region;

when the excavation region is a four-type stratum, a plurality of roller cutters (11) are arranged on the first configuration region, the third configuration region, the fifth configuration region and the seventh configuration region, and scrapers (14) on the first fixing region, the second fixing region, the third fixing region and the fourth fixing region are fixed at a first height position;

when the excavation area is a five-type stratum, a plurality of hobs (11) are arranged on the first arrangement area, the third arrangement area, the fifth arrangement area and the seventh arrangement area, a plurality of cutters (12) are arranged on the second arrangement area, the fourth arrangement area, the sixth arrangement area and the eighth arrangement area, scrapers (14) on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area are fixed at a second height position, the second height position is higher than the first height position, and the distance range between the second height position and the first height position is 10-30 mm.

2. The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter of the shield tunneling machine cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first knife beam (2), the third knife beam (4), the fifth knife beam (6) and the seventh knife beam (8) are both long-strip-shaped knife beams, the first knife beam (2) and the fifth knife beam (6) are respectively connected with two ends of a central installation panel (10), and the second knife beam (3), the fourth knife beam (5), the sixth knife beam (7) and the eighth knife beam (9) are both panel-shaped knife beams.

3. The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter of the shield tunneling machine cutter head according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plurality of cutter mounting grooves are formed in the elongated cutter beam and the central mounting panel (10) along the length direction, and a plurality of cutter mounting grooves are formed in the panel-shaped cutter beam and close to the edge of the cutter head (1);

two first fixing blocks (17) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the cutter mounting groove, a wedge block (18) is arranged on each first fixing block (17), a pressing block (15) is arranged between the two wedge blocks (18), and a first fastening bolt (16) for fixing the hob (11), the cutter (12) and the fishtail cutter (13) penetrates through the pressing block (15);

and second fixing blocks (19) are arranged on two sides of the long-strip-shaped knife beam, and second fastening bolts (20) penetrate through the scraper (14) and the second fixing blocks (19) and fix the scraper (14) on the side surface of the long-strip-shaped knife beam.

4. The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the shield tunneling machine cutter head according to claim 3, wherein: the scraper (14) is provided with a slide way (21) for lifting the scraper (14), and the slide way (21) is Z-shaped and is adapted to a second fastening bolt (20);

when the second fastening bolt (20) penetrates through the high position of the slideway (21), the scraper (14) is at a first position height, when the second fastening bolt (20) penetrates through the low position of the slideway (21), the scraper (14) is at a second position height, the scraper (14) is moved, the second fastening bolt (20) is moved from the high position to the low position of the slideway (21), and the height adjustment of the scraper (14) is completed.

5. The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter of the shield tunneling machine cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the cutting edge of the fishtail knife (13) is greater than that of the hob (11), and the height of the cutting edge of the hob (11) is greater than that of the scraper (14) at the second height position.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machine cutter head and cutter configuration, and particularly relates to a method for quickly adjusting the cutter configuration of a shield tunneling machine cutter head.

Background

Along with the construction of a large amount of city subway and underground pipe gallery engineering, the development of underground space is more and more, in order to reduce road traffic jam and the needs of environmental protection, more and more adopt the shield construction method to construct, the shield construction method constructs the machine and lays the tunnel section of jurisdiction while tunneling, have degree of automation height, use manpower sparingly, construction speed is fast, one-time hole-forming, not influenced by the weather, steerable ground subsides when excavating, reduce the influence to the ground building and do not influence ground traffic when excavating under water, etc., under the longer or great circumstances of buried depth of tunnel cave-line, construct more economical and reasonable with the shield machine.

When the shield machine tunnels, the cutter head is driven to rotate through the driving device, rocks or soil are tunneled through the cutter arranged on the cutter head, but in the actual construction process, the shield machine often encounters various complex geological conditions, for example, a composite stratum with both soft and hard parts and a special construction condition of blocking of a plurality of underground diaphragm walls on a tunneling line, the cutter head of the shield machine on the market is mostly a special cutter head only suitable for one stratum, the shield machine cannot be completely suitable for complex and changeable construction site conditions, if the cutter head is replaced according to the current ground condition at each construction distance, time and labor are wasted, and therefore, the method for quickly adjusting the cutter head cutter of the shield machine according to different stratum categories is needed, the cutter head does not need to be replaced, and the opening rate of the cutter head does not need to be adjusted.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for rapidly adjusting the cutter configuration of the cutter of the shield machine in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the method is convenient and fast to operate and high in flexibility, different cutter rapid configuration schemes are provided for various stratum types encountered in the tunneling process of a long-distance tunnel, the cutter configuration on the cutter is conveniently and rapidly adjusted on a construction site according to the stratum type of the current tunneling area, frequent replacement of the cutter and adjustment of the opening rate of the cutter on the construction site are avoided, the construction efficiency is improved, and the method is convenient to popularize and use.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of cutter on cutter head of shield machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, partitioning a cutter head: the cutter head is divided into an annular mounting panel and a central mounting panel, wherein the annular mounting panel comprises a first cutter beam, a second cutter beam, a third cutter beam, a fourth cutter beam, a fifth cutter beam, a sixth cutter beam, a seventh cutter beam and an eighth cutter beam which are uniformly distributed clockwise;

dividing the first knife beam into a first configuration area and first fixing areas arranged at two sides of the first configuration area, dividing the second knife beam into a second configuration area, dividing the third knife beam into a third configuration area and second fixing areas arranged at two sides of the third configuration area, dividing the fourth knife beam into a fourth configuration area, dividing the fifth knife beam into a fifth configuration area and third fixing areas arranged at two sides of the fifth configuration area, dividing the sixth knife beam into a sixth configuration area, dividing the seventh knife beam into a seventh configuration area and fourth fixing areas arranged at two sides of the seventh configuration area, and dividing the eighth knife beam into an eighth configuration area;

a plurality of fishtail cutters are arranged on a central mounting panel, and a plurality of scrapers are arranged on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area;

step two, judging the stratum type of the excavation region: acquiring geological parameters in a geological survey report before tunnel construction, and determining the stratum category of a driving area according to the geological parameters, wherein the geological parameters comprise the depth of a driving surface, and the thickness of a rock stratum layer, the thickness of a gravel soil layer, the thickness of a sand soil layer, the thickness of a silt soil layer and the thickness of a cohesive soil layer in a driving range;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises sandy soil, silt and cohesive soil, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer is less than 30%, judging that the stratum type is a first-class stratum;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises sandy soil, silt and cohesive soil, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer is more than 30%, judging that the stratum type is a second-type stratum;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises rock layers and gravel soil, judging the stratum type to be three types of strata;

when the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil in the tunneling range is larger than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, judging that the stratum type is four types of stratum;

when the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil in the tunneling range is smaller than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, judging the stratum type to be five types of strata;

step three, configuring a cutter head: installing a hob and a cutter on the annular installation panel according to the stratum category of the excavation area;

when the excavation area is a type of stratum, installing a plurality of cutters on the first configuration area, the second configuration area, the third configuration area, the fourth configuration area, the fifth configuration area, the sixth configuration area, the seventh configuration area and the eighth configuration area, and fixing scrapers on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area at a first height position;

when the excavation area is a second-type stratum, a plurality of cutters are arranged on the first configuration area, the second configuration area, the third configuration area, the fourth configuration area, the fifth configuration area, the sixth configuration area, the seventh configuration area and the eighth configuration area, scrapers on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area are fixed at a second height position, the second height position is higher than the first height position, and the distance range between the second height position and the first height position is 10-30 mm;

when the excavation region is a three-type stratum, installing a plurality of hobs in the first configuration region, the second configuration region, the third configuration region, the fourth configuration region, the fifth configuration region, the sixth configuration region, the seventh configuration region and the eighth configuration region;

when the excavation area is a four-type stratum, installing a plurality of hobs on the first configuration area, the third configuration area, the fifth configuration area and the seventh configuration area, and fixing scrapers on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area at a first height position;

when the excavation area is a five-type stratum, a plurality of hobs are arranged on the first configuration area, the third configuration area, the fifth configuration area and the seventh configuration area, a plurality of cutters are arranged on the second configuration area, the fourth configuration area, the sixth configuration area and the eighth configuration area, scrapers on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area are fixed at a second height position, the second height position is higher than the first height position, and the distance range between the second height position and the first height position is 10-30 mm.

The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the first knife beam, the third knife beam, the fifth knife beam and the seventh knife beam are strip-shaped knife beams, the first knife beam and the fifth knife beam are respectively connected with two ends of a central installation panel, and the second knife beam, the fourth knife beam, the sixth knife beam and the eighth knife beam are panel-shaped knife beams.

The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a plurality of cutter mounting grooves are formed in the elongated cutter beam and the central mounting panel along the length direction, and a plurality of cutter mounting grooves are formed in the panel-shaped cutter beam close to the edge of the cutter head;

two first fixing blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the cutter mounting groove, wedge blocks are arranged on the first fixing blocks, a pressing block is arranged between the two wedge blocks, and a first fastening bolt for fixing the hob, the cutter and the fishtail cutter penetrates through the pressing block;

and second fixing blocks are arranged on two sides of the long-strip-shaped knife beam, and second fastening bolts penetrate through the scrapers and the second fixing blocks and fix the scrapers on the side surfaces of the long-strip-shaped knife beam.

The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the scraper is provided with a slide way for lifting the scraper, and the slide way is Z-shaped and is matched with a second fastening bolt;

when the second fastening bolt penetrates through the high position of the slide way, the scraper is at the first position height, when the second fastening bolt penetrates through the low position of the slide way, the scraper is at the second position height, the scraper is moved, the second fastening bolt is moved to the low position from the high position of the slide way, and the height adjustment of the scraper is completed.

The method for rapidly adjusting the configuration of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the height of the cutting edge of the fishtail cutter is larger than that of the cutting edge of the hob, and the height of the cutting edge of the hob is larger than that of the cutting edge of the scraper on the second height position.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention provides different cutter head cutter rapid configuration schemes for various stratum types encountered in the tunneling process of a long-distance tunnel, selects the adaptive cutter head configuration scheme according to the stratum type of the current tunneling area, is favorable for rapidly adjusting the cutter configuration on the cutter head in a construction site, and after reaching the next tunneling area, the cutter configuration of the cutter head is adjusted by using the method provided by the invention again so as to adapt to different stratum types, so that the flexibility is strong, the cutter head replacement and the cutter head opening rate adjustment are avoided before the construction of the tunneling area of each different stratum type is started, the construction time is better saved, the construction efficiency is improved, the operation is convenient, and the popularization and the use are convenient.

2. Aiming at stratum types with uneven hardness, namely four types of strata and five types of strata, the soil body is extruded and sheared by the hobbing cutter, the broken rock body appears on the soil body, the soil layer is cut by the cutter, muck can be sent into the cutterhead soil bin at any time, the hobbing cutter and the cutter are arranged on the annular mounting panel at intervals, and the fishtail cutter is arranged on the central mounting panel, so that the high efficiency of excavating sandy soil and silty soil is met, the rock stratum and the gravelly soil are effectively broken, the construction method of the first and the next stations is implemented, the shield construction period is ensured, the operation is reliable and stable, the practicability is high, and the using effect is good.

3. According to the invention, the scraper is fixed at the first height position or the second height position, so that the height adjustment of the scraper on the cutter head is realized, the flexibility is strong, the cutter configuration of the cutter head can be rapidly adjusted conveniently according to the construction site condition, the complex and changeable stratum types in the long-distance tunneling process can be better adapted, and the practicability is strong.

In conclusion, the method is convenient to operate and high in flexibility, different cutter head cutter rapid configuration schemes are provided for various stratum types encountered in the tunneling process of the long-distance tunnel, the cutter configuration on the cutter head is rapidly adjusted on a construction site according to the stratum type of the current tunneling area, frequent cutter head replacement and cutter head opening rate adjustment on the construction site are avoided, the construction efficiency is improved, and the method is convenient to popularize and use.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the hob and the first, third, fifth and seventh cutter beams.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the scraper and the first, third, fifth and seventh blade beams.

Fig. 5 is a right side view of fig. 4.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a cutter head; 2-a first knife beam; 3-a second knife beam;

4-a third tool beam; 5-a fourth knife beam; 6-fifth cutter beam;

7-a sixth knife beam; 8-a seventh tool beam; 9-eighth tool beam;

10-a central mounting panel; 11-hob cutter; 12-a cutter;

13-fish tail knife; 14-a scraper; 15-briquetting;

16-a first fastening bolt; 17-a first fixing block; 18-wedges;

19-a second fixed block; 20-a second fastening bolt; 21-slideway.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a method for rapidly adjusting a cutter configuration of a shield machine cutter head according to the present invention includes the following steps:

step one, partitioning a cutter head: the cutter head 1 is divided into an annular mounting panel and a central mounting panel 10, wherein the annular mounting panel comprises a first cutter beam 2, a second cutter beam 3, a third cutter beam 4, a fourth cutter beam 5, a fifth cutter beam 6, a sixth cutter beam 7, a seventh cutter beam 8 and an eighth cutter beam 9 which are uniformly distributed clockwise;

dividing the first knife beam 2 into a first configuration area and first fixing areas arranged at two sides of the first configuration area, dividing the second knife beam 3 into a second configuration area, dividing the third knife beam 4 into a third configuration area and second fixing areas arranged at two sides of the third configuration area, dividing the fourth knife beam 5 into a fourth configuration area, dividing the fifth knife beam 6 into a fifth configuration area and third fixing areas arranged at two sides of the fifth configuration area, dividing the sixth knife beam 7 into a sixth configuration area, dividing the seventh knife beam 8 into a seventh configuration area and fourth fixing areas arranged at two sides of the seventh configuration area, and dividing the eighth knife beam 9 into an eighth configuration area;

a plurality of fishtail blades 13 are mounted on the central mounting panel 10, and a plurality of scrapers 14 are mounted on the first, second, third and fourth fixing zones.

Step two, judging the stratum type of the excavation region: acquiring geological parameters in a geological survey report before tunnel construction, and determining the stratum category of a driving area according to the geological parameters, wherein the geological parameters comprise the depth of a driving surface, and the thickness of a rock stratum layer, the thickness of a gravel soil layer, the thickness of a sand soil layer, the thickness of a silt soil layer and the thickness of a cohesive soil layer in a driving range;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises sandy soil, silt and cohesive soil, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer is less than 30%, judging that the stratum type is a first-class stratum;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises sandy soil, silt and cohesive soil, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer is more than 30%, judging that the stratum type is a second-type stratum;

when the soil layer in the tunneling range comprises rock layers and gravel soil, judging the stratum type to be three types of strata;

when the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil in the tunneling range is larger than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, judging that the stratum type is four types of stratum;

and when the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil in the tunneling range is smaller than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, judging the stratum type to be five types of strata.

During actual construction, geological parameters can be conveniently and rapidly acquired by inquiring a geological survey report, a cutter head cutter configuration scheme can be conveniently selected at the early stage of tunneling of the shield tunneling machine, cutter configuration on a cutter can be rapidly adjusted to adapt to different stratum categories, repeated replacement of the cutter head 1 in the middle of tunneling is avoided, and construction efficiency is improved.

Step three, configuring a cutter head: installing a hob 11 and a cutter 12 on the annular installation panel according to the stratum category of the excavation area;

when the excavation region is a type of stratum, installing a plurality of cutters 12 on the first configuration region, the second configuration region, the third configuration region, the fourth configuration region, the fifth configuration region, the sixth configuration region, the seventh configuration region and the eighth configuration region, and fixing the scrapers 14 on the first fixing region, the second fixing region, the third fixing region and the fourth fixing region at a first height position;

when the excavation region is a second-type stratum, a plurality of cutters 12 are arranged on the first configuration region, the second configuration region, the third configuration region, the fourth configuration region, the fifth configuration region, the sixth configuration region, the seventh configuration region and the eighth configuration region, and scrapers 14 on the first fixing region, the second fixing region, the third fixing region and the fourth fixing region are fixed at a second height position, wherein the second height position is higher than the first height position, and the distance range between the second height position and the first height position is 10-30 mm;

when the excavation region is a three-type stratum, installing a plurality of hobs 11 in the first configuration region, the second configuration region, the third configuration region, the fourth configuration region, the fifth configuration region, the sixth configuration region, the seventh configuration region and the eighth configuration region;

when the excavation area is a four-type stratum, a plurality of the roller cutters 11 are installed on the first configuration area, the third configuration area, the fifth configuration area and the seventh configuration area, and the scrapers 14 on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area are fixed at a first height position.

When the excavation area is a five-type stratum, a plurality of the roller cutters 11 are arranged on the first arrangement area, the third arrangement area, the fifth arrangement area and the seventh arrangement area, a plurality of the cutters 12 are arranged on the second arrangement area, the fourth arrangement area, the sixth arrangement area and the eighth arrangement area, and the scrapers 14 on the first fixing area, the second fixing area, the third fixing area and the fourth fixing area are fixed at a second height position, wherein the second height position is higher than the first height position, and the distance range between the second height position and the first height position is 10-30 mm.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a situation of five types of strata is specifically described, it is determined according to a geological survey report that the sum of the thickness of the rock stratum and the thickness of the gravel soil layer in the tunneling range is smaller than the sum of the thickness of the sand soil layer, the thickness of the silt soil layer, and the thickness of the cohesive soil layer, and therefore the stratum type of the tunneling area is determined to be the five types of strata, a scheme is adopted in which a plurality of rolling cutters 11 are installed in a first configuration area, a third configuration area, a fifth configuration area, and a seventh configuration area, a plurality of cutting cutters 12 are installed in a second configuration area, a fourth configuration area, a sixth configuration area, and an eighth configuration area, and the installation positions of the cutting cutters 14 are raised.

It should be noted that, when the excavation area is a second-type stratum but there is an underground continuous wall for station construction in the excavation line, the excavation area is also determined as a fifth-type stratum.

During actual construction, the hob 11 works under the combined action of rolling force and thrust, so that the hob 11 rolls, extrudes and shears a rock mass, the soil mass is changed into a broken rock mass, and a plurality of concentric circles can appear on a tunnel face; under the effect of thrust, the cutter 12 is inserted into the rock stratum or the soil layer, the cutter 12 is used for cutting the rock stratum in the process that the cutter 1 drives the cutter 12 to drill, the soil layer is enabled to have a circular furrow, the rotating resistance of the cutter 1 is relatively large, the cutting efficiency is high in the cutting process, and the muck can be sent into the cutter soil bin at any time.

When the shield tunneling machine is used, the hobbing cutters 11 and the cutters 12 are arranged on the annular mounting panel at intervals, and the fishtail cutter is arranged on the central mounting panel 10, so that the tunneling is convenient for four types of stratums and five types of stratums, the high tunneling efficiency of soft soil stratums is met, the hard soil of rock stratums and the underground continuous wall of a station enclosure structure are effectively broken, the construction method of first tunneling and second tunneling is implemented, and the shield construction period is guaranteed.

It should be noted that, the first cutter beam 2, the third cutter beam 4, the fifth cutter beam 6 and the seventh cutter beam 8 are all provided with the hob 11 and the scraper 14, so that the hob 11 is convenient to use to break the ground wall, the scraper 14 is used to remove broken stone and slag on the tunnel face, the second cutter beam 3, the fourth cutter beam 5, the sixth cutter beam 7 and the eighth cutter beam 9 are all provided with the cutter 12, so that the cutter 12 is convenient to use to tunnel a soft soil stratum, the hob 11 and the cutter 12 are circumferentially arranged at intervals, and the hob 11 and the cutter 12 are detachably connected with the cutter 1, so that the cutter 1 has a good rock breaking function, the area and the aperture ratio of the cutter 1 are prevented from being changed, the adjustment time of the tunneling cutter 1 is reduced, and the shield work under a smooth complex condition is facilitated.

In this embodiment, the first knife beam 2, the third knife beam 4, the fifth knife beam 6, and the seventh knife beam 8 are all strip-shaped knife beams, the first knife beam 2 and the fifth knife beam 6 are respectively connected to two ends of a central mounting panel 10, and the second knife beam 3, the fourth knife beam 5, the sixth knife beam 7, and the eighth knife beam 9 are all panel-shaped knife beams.

When the underground continuous wall structure is actually used, the first cutter beam 2, the third cutter beam 4, the fifth cutter beam 6 and the seventh cutter beam 8 are all long-strip-shaped cutter beams, and the first cutter beam 2 and the fifth cutter beam 6 are respectively connected with two ends of the central mounting panel 10, so that the first cutter beam 2, the third cutter beam 4, the fifth cutter beam 6, the seventh cutter beam 8 and the central mounting panel 10 form a cross-shaped cutter beam structure, when a hob 11 on the cross-shaped cutter beam structure rotates along with the cutter head 1, the hob 11 can cut the whole range covered by the advancing direction of the cutter head 1, namely, the underground continuous wall structure can be effectively cut, and when the cutters 12 on the panel-shaped cutter beam rotate along with the cutter head 1, the second cutter beam 3, the fourth cutter beam 5, the sixth cutter beam 7 and the eighth cutter beam 9 are all panel-shaped cutter beams, the plurality of cutters 12 form a circular cutting surface, so that the stratum can be effectively tunneled.

In this embodiment, the strip-shaped knife beam and the central mounting panel 10 are provided with a plurality of knife mounting grooves along the length direction, and the edge of the panel-shaped knife beam close to the knife disc 1 is provided with a plurality of knife mounting grooves.

As shown in fig. 3, two first fixing blocks 17 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the cutter mounting groove, a wedge 18 is arranged on each first fixing block 17, a pressing block 15 is arranged between the two wedge blocks 18, and a first fastening bolt 16 for fixing the hob 11, the cutter 12 and the fishtail 13 penetrates through the pressing block 15.

As shown in fig. 4, second fixing blocks 19 are disposed on both sides of the elongated blade beam, and a second fastening bolt 20 penetrates through the scraper 14 and the second fixing blocks 19 to fix the scraper 14 on the elongated blade beam.

During the in-service use, briquetting 15 is the platform shape structure, the oblique side and the voussoir 18 fixed connection of briquetting 15, voussoir 18 is the tilt state, and the embedding is on first fixed block 17, be convenient for form relative effort with first fastening bolt 16, when first fastening bolt 16 passed briquetting 15 and hobbing cutter 11, can fix hobbing cutter 11 in the cutter mounting groove, through unscrewing first fastening bolt 16, also can take out hobbing cutter 11 from the cutter mounting groove, thereby realize the dismantled of hobbing cutter 11 and blade disc 1 and link, cutter 12 and fishtail sword 13 are the same with the connection structure of hobbing cutter 11 with the connection structure of blade disc 1.

In actual use, the second fastening bolt 20 penetrates through the scraper 14 and the second fixing block 19, so that the scraper 14 is fixed on the side surface of the second fixing block 19, the gravel and muck crushed by the hob 11 on the tunneling face can be conveniently cleaned, and the tunneling efficiency of the cutterhead 1 is improved.

It should be noted that the first fixing block 17 and the elongated knife beam, the first fixing block 17 and the wedge 18, and the second fixing block 19 and the elongated knife beam are welded together.

In this embodiment, the scraper 14 is provided with a slide rail 21 for lifting the scraper 14, and the slide rail 21 is Z-shaped and is adapted to the second fastening bolt 20; when the second fastening bolt 20 passes through the high position of the slideway 21, the scraper 14 is at the first position height, and when the second fastening bolt 20 passes through the low position of the slideway 21, the scraper 14 is at the second position height, the scraper 14 is moved, the second fastening bolt 20 is moved from the high position to the low position of the slideway 21, and the height adjustment of the scraper 14 is completed.

When the excavation region is a second-class stratum or a fifth-class stratum, the humidity of the soil layer of the excavation region is high, mud cakes are easily formed on the cutter head 1, and the generation of the mud cakes is favorably reduced after the installation position of the scraper 14 is raised.

As shown in fig. 5, the number of the slideways 21 is the same as the number of the second fastening bolts 20, in this embodiment, the number of the slideways 21 and the number of the second fastening bolts 20 are two, the two slideways 21 are vertically arranged, the second fastening bolts 20 penetrate through the high positions of the slideways 21 to fix the scrapers 14 at the lowest positions, namely the first position height, the scrapers 14 are moved to move the second fastening bolts 20 from the high positions of the slideways 21 to the low positions to fix the scrapers 14 at the highest positions, namely the second position height, so that the heights of the scrapers 14 exceeding the strip-shaped cutter beams are adjusted, by fixing the scrapers 14 at the first height positions or the second height positions, the height adjustment of the scrapers 14 on the cutter head 1 is realized, the flexibility is strong, the cutter configuration of the cutter head 1 can be rapidly adjusted according to the construction site conditions, so as to better adapt to complicated and varied stratum types in the long-distance tunneling process, the practicality is strong, is convenient for adapt to the height or the installation angle of different hobbing cutters 11 again, ensures that the cutting edge height after hobbing cutter 11 installs is greater than the cutting edge height after scraper 14 installs all the time.

In this embodiment, the height of the cutting edge of the fishtail 13 is greater than that of the hob 11, and the height of the cutting edge of the hob 11 is greater than that of the scraper 14 at the second height position.

During actual construction, the height of the fishtail knife 13 extending out of the knife mounting groove is 450mm, the height of the hob knife 11 extending out of the knife mounting groove is 175mm, the distance between the second height position and the first height position is preferably 20mm, when the scraper 14 is located at the first height position, the height of the scraper 14 exceeding the strip-shaped knife beam is 130mm, and when the scraper 14 is located at the second height position, the height of the scraper 14 exceeding the strip-shaped knife beam is 150 mm.

During actual construction, a plurality of fishtail cutters 13 are arranged on the central mounting panel 10 in a linear shape, the height of the upper surface of the central mounting panel 10 is sequentially and symmetrically reduced from the center to two ends, when the central mounting panel 10 rotates along with the cutter head 1, the fishtail cutters 13 form a conical tunneling surface, the height of each fishtail cutter 13 is larger than that of each hob 11, the central breaking of the stratum from the position of the face is facilitated, the height of each hob 11 is larger than that of each scraper 14, when the hobs 11 are crushed and extend into the stratum for tunneling, the scrapers 14 are in surface contact with the face, the crushed stone and the slag on the face are conveniently cleared, and the influence of the height position of each scraper 14 on the work of the hob 11 is avoided.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.