阅读说明：本技术 大角度传感器 (Large-angle sensor ) 是由 冯越 于 2021-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种大角度传感器,包括观察窗、透镜、玻管卡脚、线圈、玻壳、末端一、中心线、刻度面、螺旋玻管、内箍、末端二、中轴线、磁性球、正中端、底板、脉冲编码电路和电感测量电路,观察窗、透镜、刻度面和磁性球构成角度直读机构,线圈和磁性球构成角度传感机构,螺旋玻管为辅助机构；玻壳内且在玻管卡脚与内箍之间设有螺旋玻管,螺旋玻管的主截面由五个V字形组成,即螺旋玻管的圈径逐渐减小,玻管内设有磁性球,其与螺旋玻管之间留有间隙,磁性球在螺旋玻管内滚动时受到气流的阻尼作用,传感器依据有芯线圈可改变空心线圈电感量的原理,可变电感值的大小与被测角度的大小成正比关系,通过测量电感值可获得被测角度值。(The invention provides a large-angle sensor which comprises an observation window, a lens, a glass tube clamping pin, a coil, a glass shell, a first tail end, a central line, a scale surface, a spiral glass tube, an inner hoop, a second tail end, a central axis, a magnetic ball, a middle end, a bottom plate, a pulse coding circuit and an inductance measuring circuit, wherein the observation window, the lens, the scale surface and the magnetic ball form an angle direct reading mechanism, the coil and the magnetic ball form an angle sensing mechanism, and the spiral glass tube is an auxiliary mechanism; the spiral glass tube is arranged in the glass shell and between the glass tube clamping foot and the inner hoop, the main section of the spiral glass tube is formed by five V-shaped structures, namely the diameter of the spiral glass tube is gradually reduced, a magnetic ball is arranged in the glass tube, a gap is reserved between the magnetic ball and the spiral glass tube, the magnetic ball is subjected to the damping action of air flow when rolling in the spiral glass tube, the sensor can change the inductance of the hollow coil according to the principle that the inductance of the core coil can be changed, the size of the inductance value is in direct proportion to the size of the measured angle, and the measured angle value can be obtained by measuring the inductance value.)

1. A large-angle sensor comprises an observation window (3), a lens (4), a glass tube clamping pin (6), a coil (9), a glass bulb (10), a first tail end (11), a central line (12), a scale surface (15), a spiral glass tube (16), an inner hoop (17), a second tail end (18), a central axis (19), a magnetic ball (20), a middle end (21), a bottom plate (22), a pulse coding circuit (25), an inductance measuring circuit (27) and a third ring (35), wherein the observation window (3), the lens (4), the scale surface (15) and the magnetic ball (20) form an angle direct reading mechanism, the coil (9) and the magnetic ball (20) form an angle sensing mechanism, and the spiral glass tube (16) is an auxiliary mechanism;

the method is characterized in that: a spiral glass tube (16) is arranged in the glass shell (10) and between the glass tube clamping foot (6) and the inner hoop (17), the spiral glass tube (16) consists of five circles, the outer envelope of the spiral glass tube is in a circular table shape, the main section of the spiral glass tube consists of five V-shaped, the five V-shaped gradually decreases from left to right, namely the circle diameter of the spiral glass tube (16) gradually decreases, both ends of the spiral glass tube (16) are hemispherical glass seals, the bottom end of the third V-shaped glass tube circle (35) is a positive middle end (21), a rolling paramagnetic magnetic ball (20) is arranged in the glass tube, the outer surface of the glass ball is plated with red wear-resistant fluorescent powder, the diameter of the magnetic ball (20) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spiral glass tube (16), namely a residual moon-shaped gap with a downward opening is reserved between the magnetic ball (20) and the inner diameter of the spiral glass tube (16), meanwhile, carbon dioxide gas is filled in the spiral glass tube (16), and when the magnetic ball (20) rolls in the spiral glass tube (16), the magnetic ball (20) can only roll at a slow speed in the spiral glass tube (16) and can not swing freely, and a sensing signal can not generate vibration type interference;

the magnetic ball (20) and the coil (9) form a variable inductor, the sensor is based on the principle that the inductance of an air-core coil can be changed by a core coil, when a bottom plate (22) is in a horizontal state, namely, a measured angle is equal to 0 degree, the magnetic ball (20) is positioned at the bottom end of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, namely, at the bottom end of the third V-shaped glass tube, namely, a middle end (21), the inductance value is set as an initial value, when the bottom plate (22) rotates clockwise by 90 degrees, the magnetic ball (20) rolls to the right waist part of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, namely, the magnetic ball (20) is positioned at the left waist part of the third V-shaped glass tube, the projection of the magnetic ball (20) on a central axis (19) moves towards the direction of the observation window (3), the inductance of the variable inductor is increased, when the bottom plate (22) rotates clockwise by two and a half circles, namely, 900 degrees, the magnetic ball (20) rolls to a tail end I (11), the center of the magnetic ball (20) is positioned on a central line (12), at the moment, the inductance of the variable inductor is the largest, when the bottom plate (22) rotates 90 degrees anticlockwise from 0 degree, the magnetic ball (20) rolls to the left waist of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, namely the magnetic ball (20) is located at the right waist of the third V-shaped, the projection of the magnetic ball (20) on the central axis (19) moves towards the direction far away from the observation window (3), the inductance of the variable inductor is reduced, when the bottom plate (22) rotates two and a half circles, namely-900 degrees anticlockwise, the magnetic ball (20) rolls to the second tail end (18), the projection of the magnetic ball (20) on the central axis (19) is farthest away from the coil (9), at the moment, the inductance of the variable inductor is the smallest, the magnitude of the variable inductor is in a direct proportion relation with the magnitude of the measured angle, the measured angle value can be obtained through measuring the inductance value, and angle sensing is realized.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an angle sensor, in particular to a large-angle sensor, and belongs to the technical field of novel sensors.

Background

The angle sensor is a common sensor, the angle sensor mainly comprises a capacitance angle sensor, an inductance angle sensor, a photoelectric angle sensor, a Hall angle sensor, a grating angle sensor, an optical fiber angle sensor and an integrated chip angle sensor, the structure of the angle sensor is different, the performance of the angle sensor is different, the measuring range of the existing angle sensor is usually smaller, most of the angle sensors are small angle sensors, the measuring range is within +/-90 degrees, a small number of the angle sensors can reach +/-180 degrees, a rotating shaft and a pendulum bob are required to be arranged on a plurality of angle sensors, the service life of the sensor can be influenced by the existence of the rotating shaft, when the rotating shaft is aged or worn, friction force can be generated to influence the measuring precision of the sensor, the using range of the angle measuring range can be limited, for example, the field of modern industrial production, a plurality of automatic control technologies are provided, some rotating angles of a conveying device or a mechanical arm are larger than +/-180 degrees, many conventional sensors cannot detect their rotation angle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an inductive large-angle sensor which is large in measuring range and does not have a rotating shaft.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the sensor comprises a panel 1, an annular LED2, an observation window 3, a lens 4, a first sideline 5, a glass tube clamping pin 6, a framework 7, an outer hoop 8, a coil 9, a glass shell 10, a first tail end 11, a central line 12, a second sideline 13, a coil clamping pin 14, a scale surface 15, a spiral glass tube 16, an inner hoop 17, a second tail end 18, a central axis 19, a magnetic ball 20, a middle end 21, a bottom plate 22, an infrared window 23, an infrared head 24, a pulse coding circuit 25, a circuit board 26, an inductance measuring circuit 27, a bottom cushion 28, a battery 29, a button switch 30, an indicator lamp 31, a charging port 32, a screw hole 33, a bottom shell 34 and a third ring 35.

The observation window 3, the lens 4, the annular LED2, the scale surface 15 and the magnetic ball 20 form an angle direct reading mechanism, the coil 9 and the magnetic ball 20 form an angle sensing mechanism, and the spiral glass tube 16 is an auxiliary mechanism.

The spiral glass tube 16 is arranged in the glass shell 10 and between the glass tube clamping leg 6 and the inner hoop 17, the spiral glass tube 16 is composed of five circles, the outer envelope of the spiral glass tube 16 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the main section of the spiral glass tube is composed of five V-shaped, the five V-shaped gradually decrease from left to right, namely the circle diameter of the spiral glass tube 16 gradually decreases, two ends of the spiral glass tube 16 are hemispherical glass seals, the seal at the maximum circle diameter position of the spiral glass tube 16 is a first end 11, and the seal at the minimum circle diameter position is a second end 18.

The bottom end of the third V-shaped glass tube third ring 35 is a middle end 21, a rollable paramagnetic magnetic ball 20 is arranged in the glass tube, the outer surface of the glass tube is plated with red wear-resistant fluorescent powder, the diameter of the magnetic ball 20 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spiral glass tube 16, namely, a moon-shaped gap with a downward opening is reserved between the magnetic ball 20 and the inner diameter of the spiral glass tube 16, meanwhile, carbon dioxide gas is filled in the spiral glass tube 16, when the magnetic ball 20 rolls in the spiral glass tube 16, damping is formed under the combined action of the obstruction of the carbon dioxide gas and the slow air flow of the gap, the magnetic ball 20 can only roll at a slow speed in the spiral glass tube 16, free swing is not formed, and a sensing signal cannot generate vibration type interference.

When the inner ring of the spiral glass tube 16 is viewed through the lens 4 and the observation window 3, the inner ring is in a spiral hairline shape, one surface of the spiral glass tube 16 facing the observation window 3 forms a hairline-shaped scale surface 15, scales are marked on the scale surface, the scale value at the middle end 21 is 0 degrees, the scale value at the end 11 is +900 degrees, namely, the sensor rotates anticlockwise for two and a half circles from 0 degrees; the scale value at the second end 18 is-900 degrees, namely the sensor rotates clockwise for two and a half turns from 0 degrees; the position of the magnetic ball 20 and its scale value can be seen clearly after the ring LED2 is lit.

A battery 29 and a circuit board 26 are arranged in the bottom shell 34, the circuit board 26 is connected with the bottom pad 28 through screws, an inductance measuring circuit 27, a pulse coding circuit 25 and an infrared head 24 are arranged on the circuit board 26, and an infrared window 23, a button switch 30, an indicator lamp 31 and a charging port 32 are arranged on one side, facing an observer, of the bottom shell 34 in the front view.

The magnetic ball 20 and the coil 9 form a variable inductor, two ends of the coil 9 are connected with the input end of an inductance measuring circuit 27 through a lead, the output end of the inductance measuring circuit 27 is connected with the input end of a pulse coding circuit 25, the output end of the pulse coding circuit 25 is connected with an infrared head 24, and the infrared head 24 sends an infrared pulse signal outwards through an infrared window 23.

According to the principle that the inductance of the air-core coil can be changed by the cored coil, when the horizontal state of the bottom plate 22, namely the measured angle, is equal to 0 degree, the magnetic ball 20 is positioned at the bottom end of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, namely the bottom end of the third V-shaped circle, namely the middle end 21, the circle center of the magnetic ball 20 is positioned on the second borderline 13, and the inductance value at the moment is set as an initial value.

When the bottom plate 22 rotates clockwise by 90 degrees, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the right waist of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, namely the magnetic ball 20 is positioned at the left waist of the third V shape, the projection of the magnetic ball 20 on the central axis 19 moves towards the direction of the observation window 3, the inductance of the variable inductance is increased, when the bottom plate 22 rotates clockwise by two and a half circles, namely 900 degrees, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the first end 11, namely the circle center of the magnetic ball 20 is positioned on the central line 12, at this time, the inductance of the variable inductance is the largest,

when the bottom plate 22 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise from 0 degree, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the left waist of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, namely the magnetic ball 20 is located at the right waist of the third V shape, the projection of the magnetic ball 20 on the central axis 19 moves in the direction away from the observation window 3, the inductance of the variable inductance is reduced, when the bottom plate 22 rotates two and a half circles counterclockwise, namely-900 degrees, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the second end 18, the projection of the magnetic ball 20 on the central axis 19 is farthest away from the coil 9, and the inductance of the variable inductance is minimum at the moment. The size of the variable inductance value is in direct proportion to the size of the measured angle, and the measured angle value can be obtained by measuring the inductance value, so that angle sensing is realized.

The sensor forms a measuring system by an infrared receiver and a digital display thereof, wherein the infrared receiver at least comprises a photoelectric converter, a preamplifier circuit, a shaping circuit, a decoding circuit and a digital display driving circuit. The infrared receiver receives the infrared pulse signal from the infrared head 24, and after photoelectric conversion, pre-amplification, shaping and decoding, the digital display driving circuit generates the bit code and segment code required by the digital display, and the measured angle value is dynamically displayed on the digital display.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the angle measuring range of the sensor is large, the application range of the sensor is widened, the sensor is suitable for industrial production, particularly the field of automatic control, and the sensor is not provided with a rotating shaft and does not have the phenomenon that the rotating shaft generates friction force after aging or abrasion.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples, wherein the invention has the following 7 figures:

fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the sensor, fig. 2 is a front structural view of a coil, a spiral glass tube and a magnetic ball, fig. 3 is a left sectional view of the sensor, fig. 4 is a left structural view of the coil, the spiral glass tube and the magnetic ball, fig. 5 is one of operational diagrams of the sensor, fig. 6 is a second operational diagram of the sensor, and fig. 7 is a third operational diagram of the sensor.

The numbers indicated in the figures represent the following, respectively:

1. the glass tube comprises a panel, 2 annular LEDs, 3 observation windows, 4 lenses, 5 edge lines I, 6 glass tube clamping pins, 7 framework, 8 outer hoops, 9 coils, 10 glass shells, 11 tail end I, 12 center lines, 13 edge lines II, 14 coil clamping pins, 15 scale surfaces, 16 spiral glass tubes, 17 inner hoops, 18 tail end II, 19 central axes, 20 magnetic balls, 21 middle ends, 22 bottom plates, 23 infrared windows, 24 infrared heads, 25 pulse coding circuits, 26 circuit boards, 27 inductance measuring circuits, 28 bottom pads, 29 batteries, 30 button switches, 31 indicator lamps, 32 charging ports, 33 screw holes, 34 bottom shells and 35 third rings.

Detailed Description

1. According to fig. 1 to 4, the sensor comprises a panel 1, a ring-shaped LED2, an observation window 3, a lens 4, a first sideline 5, a glass tube clamping pin 6, a framework 7, an outer hoop 8, a coil 9, a glass shell 10, a first tail end 11, a central line 12, a second sideline 13, a coil clamping pin 14, a scale surface 15, a spiral glass tube 16, an inner hoop 17, a second tail end 18, a central axis 19, a magnetic ball 20, a middle end 21, a bottom plate 22, an infrared window 23, an infrared head 24, a pulse coding circuit 25, a circuit board 26, an inductance measuring circuit 27, a bottom pad 28, a battery 29, a button switch 30, an indicator lamp 31, a charging port 32, a screw hole 33, a bottom shell 34 and a third ring 35.

2. The observation window 3, the lens 4, the annular LED2, the scale surface 15 and the magnetic ball 20 form an angle direct reading mechanism, the coil 9 and the magnetic ball 20 form an angle sensing mechanism, and the spiral glass tube 16 is an auxiliary mechanism.

3. A transparent glass shell 10 is arranged on a bottom shell 34, the main section of the bottom shell 34 is rectangular, the left section is in a flat convex shape, the glass shell 10 is in a circular tube shape, the left sections of the bottom shell 34 and the glass shell 10 are combined into an omega shape, the right end face of the glass shell 10 is sealed, an inner hoop 17 is arranged on the inner wall of the glass shell, the bead of the inner hoop 17 is a bevel edge, the left end face of the glass shell 10 is open, a step-shaped outer hoop 8 is arranged on the bead, a circular sheet-shaped panel 1 is embedded in the outer hoop 8, a circular hole-shaped observation window 3 is arranged on the panel, a lens 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the panel 1, an annular LED2 is arranged on the inner wall of the panel 1 and surrounds the observation window 3, a coil clamping leg 14 is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the glass shell 10, a framework 7 is arranged between the coil clamping leg 14 and the panel 1, the main section of the framework 7 is in a horizontal H shape, the left section is in a circular ring shape, a glass tube clamping leg 6 is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the framework 7, and a coil 9 is wound on the framework, the left edge of the coil 9 is a first borderline 5, the right edge is a second borderline 13, and a center line 12 is between the two borderlines, i.e. the first borderline 5 and the second borderline 13 are symmetrical with the center line 12.

4. The spiral glass tube 16 is arranged in the glass shell 10 and between the glass tube clamping leg 6 and the inner hoop 17, the spiral glass tube 16 is composed of five circles, the outer envelope of the spiral glass tube 16 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the main section of the spiral glass tube is composed of five V-shaped, the five V-shaped gradually decrease from left to right, namely the circle diameter of the spiral glass tube 16 gradually decreases, two ends of the spiral glass tube 16 are hemispherical glass seals, the seal at the maximum circle diameter position of the spiral glass tube 16 is a first end 11, and the seal at the minimum circle diameter position is a second end 18.

5. The bottom end of the third V-shaped glass tube loop 35 is a middle end 21, a rollable paramagnetic magnetic ball 20 is arranged in the glass tube, the outer surface of the glass tube is plated with red wear-resistant fluorescent powder, the diameter of the magnetic ball 20 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spiral glass tube 16, namely a crescent gap with a downward opening is reserved between the magnetic ball 20 and the inner diameter of the spiral glass tube 16, meanwhile, carbon dioxide gas is filled in the spiral glass tube 16, when the magnetic ball 20 rolls in the spiral glass tube 16, the magnetic ball 20 is damped by the obstruction of the carbon dioxide gas and the combined action of slow air flow (flowing from one side of the magnetic ball to the other side) of the gap to form damping, the magnetic ball 20 can only roll in the spiral glass tube 16 at a slow speed, free swing cannot be formed, and a sensing signal cannot generate vibration type interference. The smaller the crescent gap, the larger the damping, and the larger the crescent gap, the smaller the damping. When the damping is too large, the rolling of the magnetic ball 20 will lag behind the rotation of the spiral glass tube 16, thereby generating sensing delay, and the width of the widest part of the residual moon-shaped gap is preferably 0.22-0.30 mm.

6. The half section of the spiral glass tube 16 with the larger circle diameter is inserted into the framework 7, the circle center of the first tail end 11 is on the center line 12, the circle center of the middle end 21 is on the second sideline 13, the part of the spiral glass tube 16 with the smaller circle diameter is embedded into the inner hoop 17, according to the graph of the figure 3 and the graph of the figure 4, when the inner circle of the spiral glass tube 16 is viewed through the lens 4 and the observation window 3, the inner circle is in a spiral hairline shape, one surface of the spiral glass tube 16 facing the observation window 3 forms a hairline-shaped scale surface 15, scales are marked on the scale surface, the scale value at the middle end 21 is 0 degrees, the scale value at the first tail end 11 is +900 degrees, namely, the sensor rotates anticlockwise for two and a half circles from 0 degrees; the scale value at end two, 18, is-900 deg., i.e., the sensor has been rotated clockwise from 0 deg. by two and a half turns. The position and scale of the magnetic ball 20 can be clearly seen after the ring-shaped LED2 is lighted.

7. According to fig. 1, bottom plate 22 is arranged at the bottom of bottom case 34, bottom pad 28 is fixed on bottom plate 22, battery 29 and circuit board 26 are arranged in bottom case 34, circuit board 26 is connected with bottom pad 28 through screws, inductance measuring circuit 27, pulse coding circuit 25 and infrared head 24 are arranged on circuit board 26, infrared window 23, button switch 30, indicator lamp 31 and charging port 32 are arranged on one surface of bottom case 34 facing to the observer, infrared window 23 is positioned in front of infrared head 24, and screw hole 33 for installing sensor is arranged on bottom case 34.

8. The magnetic ball 20 and the coil 9 form a variable inductor, two ends of the coil 9 are connected with the input end of an inductance measuring circuit 27 through a lead, the output end of the inductance measuring circuit 27 is connected with the input end of a pulse coding circuit 25, the output end of the pulse coding circuit 25 is connected with an infrared head 24, and the infrared head 24 sends an infrared pulse signal outwards through an infrared window 23.

9. When the sensor is installed, the sensor is rotated, the position of the magnetic ball 20 is observed through the transparent glass shell, when the sensor is positioned at the middle end 21, the sensor is fixed on the horizontal plane of a measured object through the screw and the screw hole 33, and if the measured object only has a vertical plane, the sensor is fixed on the vertical plane of the object through the additionally arranged angle bar.

10. According to the principle that the inductance of the air-core coil can be changed by the cored coil, according to fig. 3, when the horizontal state of the bottom plate 22, that is, the measured angle is equal to 0 °, the magnetic ball 20 is located at the bottom end of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, that is, at the bottom end of the third V-shape, that is, the middle end 21 (see fig. 2), the center of the magnetic ball 20 is located on the second sideline 13, and the inductance value at this time is set as an initial value.

11. According to fig. 5, when the bottom plate 22 rotates 90 ° clockwise, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the right waist of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, according to fig. 2, the magnetic ball 20 is located at the left waist of the third V-shape, the projection of the magnetic ball 20 on the central axis 19 moves toward the observation window 3, the inductance of the variable inductance increases (is larger than the initial value), according to fig. 6, when the bottom plate 22 rotates two and a half circles clockwise, i.e., 900 °, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the first end 11, according to fig. 2, the center of the magnetic ball 20 is located on the central line 12, and at this time, the inductance of the variable inductance is the largest.

12. According to fig. 7, when the bottom plate 22 rotates 90 ° counterclockwise from 0 °, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the left waist of the third circle of the spiral glass tube, according to fig. 2, the magnetic ball 20 is located at the right waist of the third V-shape, the projection of the magnetic ball 20 on the central axis 19 moves in the direction away from the observation window 3, the inductance of the variable inductance is reduced (smaller than the initial value), when the bottom plate 22 rotates two and a half circles counterclockwise, i.e., -900 °, the magnetic ball 20 rolls to the second end 18, the projection of the magnetic ball 20 on the central axis 19 is farthest away from the coil 9, and the inductance of the variable inductance is minimum at this time.

13. The size of variable inductor inductance value and the size of the angle of survey are direct ratio, can obtain the angle of survey value through measuring inductance value, realize angle sensing, the angle measurement scope of this sensor is 900.

14. The sensor needs to be additionally provided with an infrared receiver and a digital display thereof to form a measuring system, wherein the infrared receiver at least comprises a photoelectric converter, a preamplifier circuit, a shaping circuit, a decoding circuit and a digital display driving circuit. The infrared receiver receives the infrared pulse signal from the infrared head 24, and after photoelectric conversion, pre-amplification, shaping and decoding, the digital display driving circuit generates the bit code and segment code required by the digital display, and the measured angle value is dynamically displayed on the digital display.

15. The battery 29 is a rechargeable battery, supplies power to the circuit board 26 and the annular LED2, and is controlled to be switched on and off by the button switch 30, and the indicator lamp 31 is turned on after the power is switched on. When the battery 29 is low or runs out, the indicator lamp 31 is dimmed or not lit, and a separate power adapter can be inserted into the charging port 32 to charge the battery 29.

16. The length of the glass shell 10 is 46-48 mm, the thickness is 0.6-0.8 mm, the outer diameter is 18-19 mm, the glass shell 10 and the spiral glass tube 16 are made of toughened glass, the diameter of the magnetic ball 20 is 3mm, the material is nickel-zinc or manganese-zinc ferrite, the inner diameter of the framework 7 is 14 mm, the coil 9 is wound by 80-120 circles of enameled wires with the diameter of 0.1, and the infrared head 24 is an infrared light-emitting diode with the diameter of 3mm and the wavelength of 940 nm.