阅读说明：本技术 一种光伏组件 (Photovoltaic module ) 是由 顾诚俊 李白茹 徐孟雷 杨洁 张昕宇 金浩 于 2021-10-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种光伏组件,包括：基底、电池串以及封装部,所述封装部的底部具有封装槽,所述基底与所述电池串设置于所述封装槽内,所述电池串设于所述基底的顶面,所述基底的侧面与所述封装槽的侧面之间形成有封装间隙,所述封装间隙内设有第一封装层,所述第一封装层用于密封所述封装间隙。与现有技术相比,本申请使用具备吸收水氧能力的第一封装层填充在电池串的侧面与所述封装槽的侧面之间来阻挡外界水氧的侵入,同时也能防止与电池串表面的接触。(The application discloses photovoltaic module includes: the packaging structure comprises a substrate, a battery string and a packaging part, wherein a packaging groove is formed in the bottom of the packaging part, the substrate and the battery string are arranged in the packaging groove, the battery string is arranged on the top surface of the substrate, a packaging gap is formed between the side surface of the substrate and the side surface of the packaging groove, a first packaging layer is arranged in the packaging gap, and the first packaging layer is used for sealing the packaging gap. Compared with the prior art, the first packaging layer with the water and oxygen absorption capacity is filled between the side face of the battery string and the side face of the packaging groove to block the invasion of external water and oxygen, and meanwhile, the first packaging layer can be prevented from being in contact with the surface of the battery string.)

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising: the packaging structure comprises a substrate, a battery string and a packaging part, wherein a packaging groove is formed in the bottom of the packaging part, the substrate and the battery string are arranged in the packaging groove, the battery string is arranged on the top surface of the substrate, a packaging gap is formed between the side surface of the substrate and the side surface of the packaging groove, a first packaging layer is arranged in the packaging gap, and the first packaging layer is used for sealing the packaging gap.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: and a second packaging layer is also arranged in the packaging gap, and the second packaging layer is closer to the opening side of the packaging groove than the first packaging layer.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein: the packaging gap comprises a first gap section and a second gap section which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the first packaging layer is used for sealing the first gap section, the second packaging layer is used for sealing the second gap section, and the side face of the first gap section is farther away from the substrate than the side face of the second gap section.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 3, wherein: the cross section of the first gap section comprises a square, wedge or circular arc structure.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the first packaging layer comprises a drying agent or/and an oxygen scavenger.

6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 or 5, wherein: the material of the first packaging layer comprises one or more of reduced iron powder, sulfite, ascorbic acid, oleic acid, calcium oxide or sodium sulfate.

7. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein: the second packaging layer is made of POE adhesive film, EVA adhesive film, PIB adhesive film, UV adhesive film or AB adhesive film.

8. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the side of battery cluster with the side parallel and level of basement, the top surface of battery cluster with the top surface laminating of encapsulation groove.

9. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the substrate comprises conductive glass, and the battery string comprises perovskite batteries or perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem batteries.

10. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the packaging part is made of glass or transparent plastic.

11. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the side surfaces of the substrate and the side surfaces of the packaging groove are equally spaced.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a photovoltaic module.

Background

Photovoltaic modules are devices that directly convert light energy into electrical energy by the photoelectric or photochemical effect. Photovoltaic modules include silicon-based photovoltaic modules, gallium arsenide photovoltaic modules, perovskite photovoltaic modules, and the like. The perovskite photovoltaic module is used as a photovoltaic cell with the most development potential in a third-generation solar cell, the energy conversion efficiency is greatly improved within a short decade, and the perovskite photovoltaic module is expected to play a great role in the field of energy due to the low manufacturing cost.

The packaging technology can isolate the battery string in the photovoltaic module from the external environment, prevent the pollution and corrosion of various impurities, and is a method for prolonging the service life of precise electronic components. However, since the materials in the perovskite photovoltaic module are sensitive to water vapor, oxygen, pressure and the like in the air, the current packaging technology cannot meet the requirements, and the service life of the photovoltaic module still needs to be improved.

The packaging cover plate used for packaging the battery at present is made of planar glass, the adhesive is easy to react with the perovskite battery in a full packaging mode, and the water and oxygen blocking capacity of edge sealing type packaging is slightly weak.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a photovoltaic module to solve technical problem among the prior art, can also prevent that the battery cluster surface from being contaminated when blockking the invasion of external water oxygen.

The application provides a photovoltaic module, includes: the packaging structure comprises a substrate, a battery string and a packaging part, wherein a packaging groove is formed in the bottom of the packaging part, the substrate and the battery string are arranged in the packaging groove, the battery string is arranged on the top surface of the substrate, a packaging gap is formed between the side surface of the substrate and the side surface of the packaging groove, a first packaging layer is arranged in the packaging gap, and the first packaging layer is used for sealing the packaging gap.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first packaging layer with the capability of absorbing water and oxygen is filled between the side surface of the substrate and the side surface of the packaging groove, so that the first packaging layer can be prevented from contacting the surface of the battery string while the invasion of external water and oxygen is blocked.

In some embodiments, a second encapsulation layer is further disposed in the encapsulation gap, and the second encapsulation layer is closer to the opening side of the encapsulation groove than the first encapsulation layer.

In some embodiments, the encapsulation gap includes a first gap segment and a second gap segment which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the first encapsulation layer is used for sealing the first gap segment, the second encapsulation layer is used for sealing the second gap segment, and the side surface of the first gap segment is farther away from the substrate than the side surface of the second gap segment.

In some embodiments, the cross-section of the first gap segment comprises a square, wedge, or circular arc configuration.

In some embodiments, the first encapsulation layer includes a desiccant or/and an oxygen scavenger.

In some embodiments, the material of the first encapsulation layer comprises one or more of reduced iron powder, sulfite, ascorbic acid, oleic acid, calcium oxide, or sodium sulfate.

In some embodiments, the material of the second encapsulation layer includes POE adhesive film, EVA adhesive film, PIB adhesive film, UV adhesive film, or AB adhesive film.

In some embodiments, the side surfaces of the battery string are flush with the side surfaces of the substrate, and the top surface of the battery string is flush with the top surface of the packaging groove.

In some embodiments, the substrate comprises conductive glass and the battery string comprises a perovskite battery or a perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem battery.

In some embodiments, the encapsulation portion is glass or a transparent plastic material.

In some embodiments, the spacing between the sides of the substrate and the sides of the package slot is equal.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the following detailed description of the present application is given in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understandable.

Drawings

Various additional advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Moreover, like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a top view of the overall structure of some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first gap segment of some embodiments of the present application as being square;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first gap segment of some embodiments of the present application as being wedge-shaped;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a first gap segment 1/4 circular according to some embodiments of the present application.

The reference numbers in the detailed description are as follows:

1-substrate, 2-battery string, 3-packaging part, 4-packaging groove, 5-packaging gap, 51-first gap segment, 52-second gap segment, 6-first packaging layer, and 7-second packaging layer.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are merely used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing different objects, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary-secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the directions or positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the embodiments of the present application and for simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; mechanical connection or electrical connection is also possible; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

Perovskite solar cells have attracted high academic attention due to the characteristics of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, low-cost solution processing, abundant resources and the like, and the current worldwide record of efficiency is 25.5%. And the silicon crystal cell, the CdTe cell and the Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) cell are positioned at the same level. Due to the great scientific significance and great development prospect, the perovskite battery is evaluated as one of ten scientific breakthroughs in 2013 by the Science journal.

However, the applicant has noticed that the adhesive may undergo corrosion reactions with the perovskite cell during the high temperature process of encapsulation and after cooling, and cause the electrical performance parameters of the perovskite cell core to decay in a short time, leaving serious adverse risks that greatly reduce the service life of the perovskite solar cell module.

Based on the above consideration, in order to solve the technical problem that the overall packaging form easily leads to the reaction of adhesive and perovskite battery, the edge-sealed packaging is slightly weak to the ability of blocking water and oxygen, the application provides a novel photovoltaic module packaging mode, through the side at basement 1 with fill the first encapsulated layer 6 that possesses the ability of absorbing water and oxygen between the side of encapsulation groove 4, also can prevent the contact on first encapsulated layer 6 and battery cluster 2 surface when blocking the invasion of external water and oxygen.

According to some embodiments of the present application, illustrated with reference to fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a photovoltaic module comprising: the solar cell comprises a substrate 1, a cell string 2 and a packaging part 3, wherein the prior perovskite solar cell is poor in stability to moisture and oxygen, and a perovskite layer is easy to decompose and lose efficacy in an atmospheric environment, so the packaging part 3 is used for packaging the cell string 2 and the substrate 1 to achieve the purpose of isolating external water and oxygen intrusion, in the embodiment, the packaging part 3 is made of glass or transparent plastic materials to isolate external impurities and facilitate light passing, a packaging groove 4 is arranged at the bottom of the packaging part 3, the bottom of the packaging part 3 is farther away from the irradiation of sunlight than the top of the packaging part 3 in the normal use process after the photovoltaic module is installed, the bottom of the packaging part 3 is generally close to a wall surface of a building, the packaging groove 4 is formed by concave arrangement of the bottom surface of the packaging part 3, the substrate 1 and the cell string 2 are arranged in the packaging groove 4, the packaging groove 4 is a cavity formed inside the packaging part 3, to accommodate the substrate 1 and the battery string 2, the substrate 1 and the battery string 2 are integrally accommodated in the package slot 4.

The battery string 2 is disposed on the top surface of the substrate 1, in this embodiment, the substrate 1 is preferably a conductive substrate 1, and the battery string 2 includes a perovskite battery. That is, the substrate 1 in this embodiment can not only support the cell string 2, but also serve as an anode to collect electrons generated by the cell string 2 after being illuminated. It is preferable that the substrate 1 may be fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass or indium tin oxide conductive glass.

In the present embodiment, the battery string 2 comprises perovskite batteries, and a plurality of perovskite batteries are connected in series and/or in parallel to form the battery string 2. In some embodiments, the perovskite battery comprises: electron transport layer, perovskite layer, hole transport layer and metal electrode. Upon exposure to sunlight, the perovskite layer first absorbs photons to generate electron-hole pairs. The electrons and holes which are not recombined are respectively collected by the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, namely the electrons are transported to the electron transport layer from the perovskite layer and are finally collected by the substrate 1; the holes are transported from the perovskite layer to the hole transport layer and finally collected by the metal electrode. Finally, a photocurrent is generated through an electric circuit connecting the substrate 1 and the metal electrode. The perovskite material has lower carrier recombination probability and higher carrier mobility, and the diffusion distance and the service life of the carrier are longer, so that the perovskite battery film layer has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

In other embodiments, the battery string 2 may also include a perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cell.

The perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cell can effectively utilize solar spectrum, the perovskite with wide band gap absorbs short wave part of sunlight so as to reduce the loss of thermoelectrons, and the crystalline silicon with narrow band gap absorbs long wave part so as to expand the spectral response of the solar cell so as to reduce the loss of long wave. The perovskite-crystalline silicon laminated cell not only widens the spectral response range of the cell, improves the efficiency of the solar cell, but also reduces the preparation cost. For reaching the outside invasion of water and oxygen of separation and preventing the contaminated purpose of battery cluster 2, the side of basement 1 with be formed with encapsulation clearance 5 between the side of encapsulation groove 4, encapsulation clearance 5 intussuseption is filled with first encapsulated layer 6, first encapsulated layer 6 is used for sealing encapsulation clearance 5, the outer profile face of first encapsulated layer 6 and the interior profile face phase-match in encapsulation clearance 5 to it is airtight to fill encapsulation clearance 5, forms the isolation section, and isolated water and oxygen is on invading battery cluster 2 from bottom to top. Meanwhile, since the first encapsulation layer 6 is located at the side of the substrate 1, no contact occurs between the first encapsulation layer and the battery string 2, thereby preventing contamination of the battery string 2.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, for the invasion of further separation water oxygen, simultaneously with stable the fixing of basement 1 in encapsulation groove 4, still be equipped with second encapsulated layer 7 in encapsulation clearance 5, the bonding effect that second encapsulated layer 7 mainly played bonds basement 1 and encapsulation portion 3 and forms a whole to be convenient for the installation of photovoltaic module, second encapsulated layer 7 is than first encapsulated layer 6 is close to the opening side of encapsulation groove 4, second encapsulated layer 7 also can play the effect of preventing first encapsulated layer 6 from escaping, the isolated water oxygen function of guarantee.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, referring to fig. 3 to 5, the package gap 5 includes a first gap segment 51 and a second gap segment 52 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the first gap segment 51 is closer to the battery string 2, that is, an inner wall surface of the package groove 4 is not an elevation surface, but a groove body is recessed near the battery string 2, a first gap segment 51 is formed between the inner wall surface of the groove body and a side surface of the substrate 1, a second gap segment 52 is formed between the inner wall surface of the package groove 4 and the side surface of the substrate 1, a first package layer 6 is filled in the first gap segment 51, the first package layer 6 is used for sealing the first gap segment 51, a second package layer 7 is filled in the second gap segment 52, the second package layer 7 is used for sealing the second gap segment 52, and in a horizontal direction, a size of the first gap segment 51 is larger than a size of the second gap segment 52, that is, the side surface of the first gap segment 51 is farther away from the substrate 1 than the side surface of the second gap segment 52, specifically, the cross section of the first gap segment 51 includes a square, wedge-shaped or circular arc structure, wherein the circular arc structure is preferably 1/4 circular structure, the first gap segment 51 in the above shapes has a larger space to fill more first encapsulation layer 6 material, the effective period of the function of blocking the water and oxygen intrusion is longer, and the first gap segment 51 is durable, and because the height of the first gap segment 51 is constant, when the first encapsulation layer 6 material is filled into the first gap segment 51, the height of the first encapsulation layer 6 can be controlled more precisely, and because the contact area between the first encapsulation layer 6 and the water and oxygen is increased, the efficiency of the first encapsulation layer 6 absorbing the water and oxygen is also higher, those skilled in the art can know that the structure of the first gap segment 51 is not limited to the above examples, more groove structures can be provided as long as the effect of increasing the filling amount can be achieved.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the material of the first encapsulation layer 6 comprises a desiccant or/and an oxygen scavenger, only a drying agent or an oxygen scavenger can be arranged, or the drying agent and the oxygen scavenger can be matched for use to improve the water and oxygen isolation performance, one or more of reduced iron powder, sulfite, ascorbic acid, oleic acid, calcium oxide or sodium sulfate can react with water and oxygen to block the invasion of the water and oxygen, wherein, ascorbic acid and oleic acid are used as deoxidant, calcium oxide and sodium sulfate are used as drying agent, reduced iron powder and sulfite can react with water oxygen, while acting as a desiccant and an oxygen scavenger, those skilled in the art will recognize that the material of the first packaging layer 6 is not limited to one or more of the examples, and that there may be other materials capable of blocking water and oxygen, and is not limited herein.

The height of the first packaging layer 6 is 3mm-20mm, and it should be noted that if the height of the first packaging layer 6 is too small, the problem of untight packaging is likely to occur; if the width is too large, the height of the photovoltaic module is increased. The height of the first encapsulation layer 6 within 3mm-20mm can thus avoid both of the above-mentioned problems.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the material of the second encapsulant layer 7 includes POE adhesive film, EVA adhesive film, PIB adhesive film, UV adhesive film, or AB adhesive film, and those skilled in the art can know that the material of the second encapsulant layer 7 is not limited to the above examples, but may also be other materials capable of performing an adhesive fixing operation, and is not limited herein, and in other embodiments, the material of the second encapsulant layer 7 may be the same as the material of the first encapsulant layer 6.

The height of the second encapsulation layer 7 is between 3mm and 20 mm. It should be noted that if the height of the second encapsulation layer 7 is too small, the problem of poor encapsulation is likely to occur; if the width is too large, the height of the photovoltaic module is increased. The height of the second encapsulation layer 7 within 3mm-20mm can thus avoid both of the above-mentioned problems.

According to some embodiments of the application, optionally, the side of battery cluster 2 with the side parallel and level of basement 1, that is to say that the outer profile face of battery cluster 2 is unanimous with the outer profile face of basement 1, in this embodiment, is the cubic structure of equidimension to make things convenient for the contour machining, the top surface of battery cluster 2 with the laminating of the top surface of encapsulation groove 4, the top surface of basement 1 and the top surface of encapsulation groove 4 laminate in the upper and lower both sides of battery cluster 2 together to it is fixed with the top surface of battery cluster 2 centre gripping, the installation of the photovoltaic module of being convenient for and prevent that the drunkenness of battery cluster 2 from causing spare part operation to become invalid.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the inner contour surface of the package groove 4 is matched with the outer contour surface of the substrate 1, so that the distance between the side surface of the substrate 1 and the side surface of the package groove 4 is equal, in this embodiment, the substrate 1 is a square structure, and the package groove 4 is also a square groove, so that the package gap 5 around the substrate 1 is kept consistent, quantitative filling is facilitated, and corrosion of the battery string 2 due to too much local filling is prevented, or water and oxygen blocking capacity is weakened due to too little local filling. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other modifications can be made to the structure of the substrate 1, and the shape of the package slot 4 can be changed accordingly, so that the package gap 5 around the substrate 1 is consistent, which is not limited herein.

Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module packaging structure has the advantages that the first packaging layer 6 with the water and oxygen absorption capacity is filled between the side face of the battery string 2 and the side face of the packaging groove 4 to block the invasion of external water and oxygen, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged. The first packaging layer 6 is filled on the side surface of the glass substrate 1 instead of the surface of the cell string 2, and can block water and oxygen and prevent contact with the surface of the cell string 2. This filling increases the diffusion path of water and oxygen from the outside to the surface of the cell string 2, and further hinders the intrusion of water and oxygen using the first encapsulating layer 6.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure should be construed as being covered by the claims and the specification. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein but is to cover all embodiments that may fall within the scope of the appended claims.