阅读说明：本技术 一种具有波浪结构的金属玻璃复合材料 (Metal glass composite material with wave structure ) 是由 沙振东 滕云 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有波浪结构的金属玻璃复合材料,包括第一种金属玻璃波浪结构、第二种金属玻璃波浪结构和基底,第一种金属玻璃波浪结构和第二种金属玻璃波浪结构均由若干大小相同、形状一致且周期性排列的单元组成,在第一种金属玻璃波浪结构和第二种金属玻璃波浪结构之间及周围填充基底,将复合材料、金属玻璃、波浪结构的优点结合,能够适用于任何金属玻璃体系,保留金属玻璃高强度,并利用波浪结构控制剪切带,增塑增韧,最终制备成大尺寸、高强、高韧的金属玻璃复合材料。本发明具有高强高韧、吸能储能、减震抗疲劳、性能可控等优异特性,能够应用于许多关键领域。(The invention discloses a metal glass composite material with a wave structure, which comprises a first metal glass wave structure, a second metal glass wave structure and a substrate, wherein the first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure are respectively composed of a plurality of units which are the same in size, consistent in shape and periodically arranged, the substrate is filled between the first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure and around the first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure, the advantages of the composite material, the metal glass and the wave structures are combined, the metal glass composite material can be suitable for any metal glass system, the high strength of the metal glass is reserved, a shear band is controlled by the wave structures, plasticizing and toughening are carried out, and the metal glass composite material with large size, high strength and high toughness is finally prepared. The invention has the excellent characteristics of high strength and toughness, energy absorption and storage, shock absorption and fatigue resistance, controllable performance and the like, and can be applied to a plurality of key fields.)

1. The utility model provides a metallic glass composite with wave structure, its characterized in that, includes reinforcing phase and basement (3), the reinforcing phase is two kinds of wave structures, be first metallic glass wave structure (1) and second metallic glass wave structure (2) respectively, first metallic glass wave structure (1) and second metallic glass wave structure (2) are constituteed by a plurality of the same, the unanimous and periodic arrangement's of shape unit of size, basement (3) are filled between and around first metallic glass wave structure (1) and second metallic glass wave structure (2).

2. The metal glass composite material with a wavy structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein each unit includes two ligaments, and the two ligaments are circular arc structures with the same size and opposite orientations.

3. The metal-glass composite material with a wavy structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the two ligaments are the same in shape and are circular arcs with the same radius and the same central angle.

4. The metallic glass composite material with a wavy structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first wavy structure (1) and the second wavy structure (2) are made of metallic glass, and the substrate (3) is made of high molecular polymer, porous material or common metal.

5. The metallic glass composite material with a waved structure according to claim 1, wherein the first metallic glass waved structure (1) and the second metallic glass waved structure (2) have characteristic dimensions in the order of nanometers to centimeters.

6. The metallic glass composite material with a waved structure according to claim 1, wherein in the first metallic glass waved structure (1), the thickness of the unit is t₁The radius and central angle of the unit are R₁And theta₁；

When t is₁/R₁And when the value is less than a certain critical value, the first metal glass wave structure (1) is subjected to plastic fracture, the deformation capability is greatly enhanced, and the plasticity is increased.

7. A metallic glass composite material with a waved structure according to claim 1, characterized in that in the second waved structure (2) the thickness of the cells is t₂The radius and central angle of the unit are R₂And theta₂；

When t is₂/R₂When the wave structure is larger than a certain critical value, the second wave structure (2) is broken by the shear band, has high strength and can bear larger load;

central angle theta of unit₂For regulating strength, central angle theta₂The smaller the strength, the higher the deformability.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of composite materials and structural optimization design, and particularly relates to a metal glass composite material with a wave structure.

Background

The composite material is a material with new performance formed by two or more than two materials with different properties through a physicochemical method on a macroscopic or microscopic scale. In general, composite materials are composed of a relatively strong, brittle, high modulus reinforcement material and a relatively weak, tough, low modulus matrix. The composite material has the advantages of light weight, high specific strength, large specific rigidity, good designability and the like, and can meet the performance requirements of different fields. In recent years, composite materials are widely applied in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, bridge construction, chemical engineering and medical treatment and the like. However, the composite materials also face a plurality of bottlenecks, and the low overall strength is a core problem, so that a material with higher strength needs to be searched for as a reinforcing phase.

Metallic glasses, also known as amorphous alloys, are amorphous solids obtained by rapidly cooling a metal melt in a molten state. The metal glass has a microstructure with medium-short range order and long range disorder, so that defects such as dislocation, grain boundary and the like can not occur. Compared with the traditional crystal metal material, the metal glass material shows a plurality of unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties, for example, the strength can reach 6GPa, and the fracture toughness can reach 200 MPa.m^1/2The elastic limit is up to 2%, and the steel plate is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant. In addition, the metal glass has good thermoplastic forming capability, and is easy to process and form. Although metallic glass has many excellent properties, the wide application of metallic glass is severely limited by the poor glass forming ability, and the critical dimension of metallic glass is limited, so that it is difficult to manufacture large-sized structural members. In addition, since there is no plastic deformation mechanism such as slip plane, dislocation, etc., the fracture mode of metallic glass is represented by brittle fracture in which shear band rapidly expands, the room temperature plastic deformation capability is extremely poor, and generally the tensile plastic strain is nearly 0.

Since the plastic deformability of the metallic glass is closely related to the propagation of the shear band formation, the room temperature plasticity of the metallic glass can be improved by controlling the shear band. Generally, the local stress state determines the progress of the formation and propagation of the shear band. The common wave structure in nature is inspired, and the wave structure can effectively regulate and control the local stress state, and then effectively control the shear band. The metal glass with the wave structure has the advantage that the plastic deformation capacity is greatly enhanced while the high strength is kept. However, because the forming capability of the metallic glass is limited, the large-size wave structure cannot be prepared, and the application range is greatly limited. And the well-designed structure surface needs to be protected, so that the stress state in the wave structure can effectively inhibit the expansion of the shear band.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects, provides a metal glass composite material with a wave structure, combines the advantages of the composite material, the metal glass and the wave structure, takes the wave structure made of the metal glass as a reinforcing phase, greatly improves the overall strength and deformability, takes a high polymer material, a porous material or common metal as a matrix, further enhances the overall deformability, finally prepares the metal glass composite material with large size, high strength and high toughness, and is expected to be applied to specific fields of shock absorption, fatigue resistance, energy absorption, energy storage and the like, such as key structural members of ships, automobiles and bridges.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention comprises a reinforcing phase and a substrate, wherein the reinforcing phase is of two wave structures, namely a first metal glass wave structure and a second metal glass wave structure, the first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure are respectively composed of a plurality of units which are identical in size and shape and are arranged periodically, and the substrate is filled between and around the first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure.

Each unit comprises two ligaments which are of the same size and are of circular arc structures with opposite directions.

The surfaces of the upper and lower sides of the two ligaments are the same in shape, and are arcs with the same radius and the same central angle.

The first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure are metal glass, and the substrate is made of high molecular polymer, porous material or common metal.

The first metal glass wave structure and the second metal glass wave structure have the characteristic size from nanometer magnitude to centimeter magnitude.

In the first metallic glass wave structure, the thickness of the unit is t₁The radius and central angle of the unit are R₁And theta₁；

When t is₁/R₁Less than a critical value, the first metal glass wave structure is plastically broken, the deformability is greatly strengthened, and t is adjusted₁And R₁The deformation capacity of the wave structure can be further regulated and controlled.

In the second metallic glass wave structure, the thickness of the unit is t₂The radius and central angle of the unit are R₂And theta₂；

When t is₂/R₂When the strength is larger than a certain critical value, the second metal glass wave structure is broken by the shear band, has high strength and can bear large load;

central angle theta of unit₂For regulating strength, central angle theta₂The smaller the strength, the higher the deformability.

Compared with the prior art, the invention combines the advantages of the composite material, the metal glass and the wave structure, can be suitable for any metal glass system, keeps the high strength of the metal glass, controls the shear band by utilizing the wave structure, plasticizes and toughens, and finally prepares the metal glass composite material with large size, high strength and high toughness. The invention has the excellent characteristics of high strength and toughness, energy absorption and storage, shock absorption and fatigue resistance, controllable performance and the like, and can be applied to a plurality of key fields. For example, the method can be applied to a supporting structural member in a large-span bridge, can bear larger load, further improves the span, and enables the bridge to be more economic and beautiful; when an earthquake occurs, the energy absorption bridge has excellent energy absorption characteristics, can absorb the energy of earthquake waves to the maximum extent, and reduces the damage to the bridge in the earthquake. The invention has the advantages of excellent energy storage property, capability of preparing potential energy storage structures of some precise instruments and clocks, capability of storing more potential energy, strong fatigue resistance, prolonged service life of the instruments and saved maintenance cost of the instruments.

Further, the wave structure of the invention has easy adjustmentControlled structural characteristic parameter (radius R)₁And R₂Angle of center of the circle theta₁And theta₂Thickness t₁And t₂) The mechanical property and the deformation and fracture mechanism of the whole structure can be effectively controlled to adapt to different workplaces, so that the special requirements of special fields, such as requirements on shock absorption, fatigue resistance, energy absorption, energy storage and the like, can be met.

Further, the structure scale of the invention can be from nanometer scale to centimeter scale. The wave structure has simple shape, is easy to regulate and control, can accurately regulate and control the stress state, benefits from the good thermoplastic forming capability of the metal glass, has simple preparation, can reach the surface precision of nanometer level, can accurately prepare the required appearance, and combines the advantages of the composite material, and can realize the excellent performances of high strength and toughness, energy absorption and storage, shock absorption and fatigue resistance, and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite material having a metallic glass wave structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows t in the present invention₁/R₁A schematic diagram of a wave structure with strong deformability and smaller than a critical value;

FIG. 3 shows t in the present invention₂/R₂A schematic diagram of a wave structure with high intensity and greater than a critical value;

wherein, 1, the first kind of metallic glass wave structure, 2, the second kind of metallic glass wave structure, 3, base member.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the invention comprises a reinforcing phase and a substrate 3, wherein the reinforcing phase is of two wave structures, namely a first metal glass wave structure 1 and a second metal glass wave structure 2, and the substrate 3 is filled between and around the first metal glass wave structure 1 and the second metal glass wave structure 2. The first metal glass wave structure 1 and the second metal glass wave structure 2 are metal glass, and the substrate 3 is made of high molecular polymer, porous material or common metal. The first metal glass wave structure 1 and the second metal glass wave structure 2 are composed of a plurality of units which are identical in size and shape and are arranged periodically, and the characteristic dimension of the first metal glass wave structure 1 and the characteristic dimension of the second metal glass wave structure 2 are in a nanometer order to a centimeter order.

Each unit comprises two ligaments which are of the same size and are of circular arc structures with opposite directions. The surfaces of the upper and lower sides of the two ligaments are the same in shape, and are arcs with the same radius and the same central angle.

Referring to fig. 2, in the first metallic glass waved structure 1, the thickness of the cells is t₁The radius and central angle of the unit are R₁And theta₁；

When t is₁/R₁And when the value is less than a certain critical value, the first metal glass wave structure 1 is subjected to plastic fracture, the deformation capacity is greatly enhanced, and the plasticity is enhanced.

Referring to fig. 3, in the second metallic glass wave structure 2, the thickness of the unit is t₂The radius and central angle of the unit are R₂And theta₂；

When t is₂/R₂When the strength is more than a certain critical value, the second metal glass wave structure 2 is broken by a shear band, has high strength and can bear large load;

central angle theta of unit₂For regulating strength, central angle theta₂The smaller the strength, the higher the deformability.

The first metal glass wave structure 1 and the second metal glass wave structure 2 are used as reinforcing phases and are responsible for bearing large load and large deformation, so that the overall strength and deformability are improved, and the mechanical property of the composite material is determined;

the substrate 3 made of high molecular material, porous material or common metal is responsible for protecting the wave structure and further enhancing the overall deformability of the composite material.

As shown in figure 1, the invention combines the characteristics of the composite material, the excellent mechanical property of the metal glass and the characteristics of the wave structure, and the wave structure made of the two kinds of metal glass is used as a reinforcing phase to bear large load and large deformation, thereby improving the integral strength and the integral deformationPlasticity; the matrix made of high molecular materials, porous materials or common metals protects the wave structure, and simultaneously further improves the integral deformation capacity, and finally the composite material with large size, high strength, high toughness and excellent comprehensive performance is obtained. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the wave structure has a series of adjustable geometric parameters, and the wave structure can be optimally designed according to requirements, so that a composite material meeting the requirements is obtained. The structural shape is changed by adjusting the central angle, radius and thickness of the wave structure, so that the key mechanical properties of the composite material such as strength, Young modulus, deformability, toughness, fracture mechanism and the like are regulated and controlled, and the requirements of energy absorption, energy storage, shock absorption, fatigue resistance and the like are met. The central angle is used for regulating and controlling the strength, and the smaller the central angle is, the higher the strength is, but the deformation capability is weakened; the smaller the thickness is, the better the deformability is, but the lower the strength is; t of the first metallic glass wave structure 1₁/R₁Less than the corresponding critical value, and the fracture mode is plastic fracture due to the introduction of the stress gradient from compression to tension, so that the deformability is greatly enhanced. The bud of shear band is at first sprouting in stress concentration area, owing to there is by pressing the stress gradient to drawing, can't continue outside extension after the shear band sprout maturity, can lead to the appearance of shear band intercrossing phenomenon, further hinders the extension of restraining the shear band for wave structure 1 takes place ductile fracture. T of the second metallic glass wave structure 2₂/R₂If the shear band is larger than the corresponding critical value, the shear band is still broken, the strength is high, and the shear band can bear large load. The wavy structure made of the two kinds of metal glass is used as a reinforcing phase to bear large deformation and large load, and the matrix made of the high polymer material, the porous material or the common metal protects the wavy structure and further enhances the integral deformability, so that the integral mechanical property of the composite material is greatly enhanced.

The deformation limit and the load bearing limit of the invention are considerable due to the high elasticity and the high strength of the metallic glass. And due to the ultrahigh elastic limit of the metal glass, after the metal glass is unloaded, as long as the deformation degree does not reach the elastic limit, the metal glass can be quickly recovered to the initial form, so that the metal glass can bear multiple loading, and is convenient to use repeatedly. In addition, the metal glass surface atoms are arranged compactly, so that the nano-scale surface precision can be realized, the wavy structure components in different shapes can be completely and accurately processed, and the composite material meeting different requirements is constructed.

Because the metallic glass has good thermoplasticity, the metallic glass wave structure can be prepared by adopting a thermoplastic forming technology, and the structural member prepared by the technology has high dimensional precision and does not need secondary processing. In addition, with the gradual maturity of the metal glass additive manufacturing technology, a 3D printing technology can be adopted for design and preparation, and the application range provided by the invention is further expanded. Firstly, controlling model design and program writing through a computer; then, pre-paving metal glass powder with a certain thickness on a substrate positioned on the lifting platform; then, the laser beam is selectively scanned according to a pre-programmed program; after the scanning is finished, the lifting platform is lowered for a certain distance to ensure the focusing of the laser beam, and the scanning is restarted; repeating the above processes, and preparing the metal glass wave structure with the required geometric shape by layer accumulation. After the metal glass wave structure is obtained, a high polymer material, a porous material or common metal can be made into a substrate by a 3D printing technology or a mature traditional process, and finally the metal glass composite material is obtained.

The invention uses the metallic glass with high strength, high wear resistance and high corrosion resistance as the preparation material, so the use performance and the service life of the structural member can be greatly improved by using the structural member.