阅读说明：本技术 一种野生灵芝菌种培育方法 (Wild ganoderma lucidum strain cultivation method ) 是由 施进涛 胡首东 于 2021-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种野生灵芝菌种培育方法,涉及菌类栽培技术领域。该方法,包括以下步骤：S1、选取野生灵芝实体制作培育种,将培育种播种于培养基；S2、在温度(28±1)℃条件下进行培养14天,然后在温度为(24±1)℃条件下保藏培养14天,得到培养料；S3、将所述培养料接种到种植基体中,保持空气相对湿度为90％-93％,空气中二氧化碳含量保持0.03％-0.06％,温度为27-29℃,生长14天后,保持空气相对湿度为86％-89％,空气中二氧化碳含量保持0.07％-0.09％,温度为24-26℃,生长14-18天。通过提供充分的营养原料,原料更适于灵芝生长的需要,加速了植物细胞分裂,促进生长,兼顾生长体形和营养含量,提高了菌种繁殖成活率,菌种质量显著提高,可以满足大规模生产需求。(The invention provides a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains, and relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting wild ganoderma entities to make culture seeds, and sowing the culture seeds in a culture medium; s2, culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 28 +/-1 ℃ and preserving and culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ to obtain a culture material; s3, inoculating the compost into a planting matrix, keeping the relative humidity of air at 90-93%, the carbon dioxide content in the air at 0.03-0.06%, the temperature at 27-29 ℃, keeping the relative humidity of the air at 86-89%, the carbon dioxide content in the air at 0.07-0.09% after growing for 14 days, and the temperature at 24-26 ℃, and growing for 14-18 days. By providing sufficient nutritional raw materials, the raw materials are more suitable for the growth requirement of the ganoderma lucidum, the cell division of the plant is accelerated, the growth is promoted, the growth form and the nutritional content are considered, the strain propagation survival rate is improved, the strain quality is obviously improved, and the large-scale production requirement can be met.)

1. A method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a wild ganoderma entity to prepare a cultured seed, and sowing the cultured seed in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-56 parts of potato, 52-57 parts of bean cake, 33-46 parts of bran, 3-6 parts of molasses, 12-17 parts of gypsum powder, 2-3.5 parts of acetic acid, 2.5-3 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 5.5-6.6 parts of gibberellin, 83-103 parts of water, 34-42 parts of rice milk and 7-16 parts of agar;

s2, culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 28 +/-1 ℃ and preserving and culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ to obtain a culture material;

s3, inoculating the compost into a planting matrix, keeping the relative humidity of air at 90-93%, the water content of the planting matrix at 63-65%, the illumination intensity at 5000-6000LX, the carbon dioxide content in the air at 0.03-0.06%, and the temperature at 27-29 ℃, keeping the relative humidity of the air at 86-89%, the water content of the planting matrix at 60-63%, the illumination intensity at 4000-5000LX, the carbon dioxide content in the air at 0.07-0.09%, and the temperature at 24-26 ℃ after growing for 14 days, and growing for 14-18 days.

2. The method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strain according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: weighing the culture medium raw materials according to the parts by weight, and stirring for 3-5 hours under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 254 nanometers.

3. The method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strain according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of wood chips, 25-30 parts of potato powder, 10-20 parts of sweet potato powder, 10-15 parts of wheat, 8-13 parts of corn flour, 6-8 parts of soybean flour, 2-5 parts of sugar, 130 parts of water 100, 13-20 parts of soybean milk and 7-10 parts of rice wine.

4. The method for cultivating wild ganoderma species according to claim 3, wherein: the rice milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping rice and water, wherein the weight ratio of the rice to the water is 1:1, the soybean milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping soybean and water, the ratio of the soybean to the water is 1:1, and the alcoholic strength of the rice wine is 1-2%.

5. The method for cultivating wild ganoderma species according to claim 3, wherein: the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of sawdust, 28 parts of potato powder, 15 parts of sweet potato powder, 13 parts of wheat, 10 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean flour, 4 parts of sugar, 120 parts of water, 16 parts of soybean milk and 8 parts of rice wine.

6. The method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strain according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of potato, 55 parts of bean cake, 40 parts of bran, 4.5 parts of molasses, 14 parts of gypsum powder, 3 parts of acetic acid, 2.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6 parts of gibberellin, 90 parts of water, 38 parts of rice milk and 12 parts of agar.

7. The method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strain according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the culture medium and the planting medium are sterilized by high-pressure steam, the pressure is 103.4kPa, and the temperature is 121.3 ℃, and the culture medium and the planting medium are maintained for 15-20 minutes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating a wild ganoderma lucidum strain.

Background

Wild ganoderma lucidum is ganoderma lucidum which naturally grows in the wild, more than 200 ganoderma lucidum exists all over the world, but the most effective ganoderma lucidum is ganoderma lucidum which grows in forest of deep mountain, is called ganoderma lucidum in ganoderma lucidum, the medicinal value is approved by world medicine, wild ganoderma lucidum is rotten on roots or dry stems of oak and other broad-leaved trees, because forests are cut down in large quantities, vegetation is damaged, water and soil are lost, wild ganoderma lucidum resources are exhausted, medicinal and edible requirements cannot be met at all, artificial cultivation research on ganoderma lucidum is developed in 50 years of 20 th century in China, and successful ganoderma lucidum cultivation research is obtained

The existing ganoderma lucidum wild strain domestication technology has the defects of low strain propagation survival rate, poor strain quality for production and incapability of meeting the requirement of large-scale production.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains, which solves the problems that the survival rate of strain propagation is not high, and the quality of strains for production is poor, so that the large-scale production requirement cannot be met.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a wild ganoderma entity to prepare a cultured seed, and sowing the cultured seed in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-56 parts of potato, 52-57 parts of bean cake, 33-46 parts of bran, 3-6 parts of molasses, 12-17 parts of gypsum powder, 2-3.5 parts of acetic acid, 2.5-3 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 5.5-6.6 parts of gibberellin, 83-103 parts of water, 34-42 parts of rice milk and 7-16 parts of agar;

s2, culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 28 +/-1 ℃ and preserving and culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ to obtain a culture material;

s3, inoculating the compost into a planting matrix, keeping the relative humidity of air at 90-93%, the water content of the planting matrix at 63-65%, the illumination intensity at 5000-6000LX, the carbon dioxide content in the air at 0.03-0.06%, and the temperature at 27-29 ℃, keeping the relative humidity of the air at 86-89%, the water content of the planting matrix at 60-63%, the illumination intensity at 4000-5000LX, the carbon dioxide content in the air at 0.07-0.09%, and the temperature at 24-26 ℃ after growing for 14 days, and growing for 14-18 days.

Preferably, the preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: weighing the culture medium raw materials according to the parts by weight, and stirring for 3-5 hours under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 254 nanometers.

Preferably, the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of wood chips, 25-30 parts of potato powder, 10-20 parts of sweet potato powder, 10-15 parts of wheat, 8-13 parts of corn flour, 6-8 parts of soybean flour, 2-5 parts of sugar, 130 parts of water 100, 13-20 parts of soybean milk and 7-10 parts of rice wine.

Preferably, the rice milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping rice and water, and the weight ratio of the rice to the water is 1:1, the soybean milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping soybean and water, the ratio of the soybean to the water is 1:1, and the alcoholic strength of the rice wine is 1-2%.

Preferably, the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of sawdust, 28 parts of potato powder, 15 parts of sweet potato powder, 13 parts of wheat, 10 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean flour, 4 parts of sugar, 120 parts of water, 16 parts of soybean milk and 8 parts of rice wine.

Preferably, the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of potato, 55 parts of bean cake, 40 parts of bran, 4.5 parts of molasses, 14 parts of gypsum powder, 3 parts of acetic acid, 2.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6 parts of gibberellin, 90 parts of water, 38 parts of rice milk and 12 parts of agar.

Preferably, the culture medium and the planting medium are sterilized by high-pressure steam, the pressure is 103.4kPa, and the temperature is 121.3 ℃, and the culture medium and the planting medium are maintained for 15-20 minutes.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains. The method has the following beneficial effects:

1. the culture medium is prepared from potatoes, bean cakes, bran, molasses, gypsum powder, acetic acid, compound sodium nitrophenolate, gibberellin, water, rice milk and agar, and the planting matrix is prepared from wood chips, potato powder, sweet potato powder, wheat, corn flour, soybean flour, sugar, water, soybean milk and rice wine, so that sufficient nutritional raw materials are provided, the raw materials are more suitable for the growth of lucid ganoderma, the plant cell division is accelerated, the growth is promoted, the strain quality is remarkably improved, and the large-scale production requirement can be met.

2. According to the invention, wild ganoderma lucidum entities are selected to prepare culture seeds, the culture seeds are sown in a culture medium, after 14 days of culture, the culture seeds are preserved and cultured for 14 days to obtain culture materials, the culture materials are inoculated in a planting matrix, and after the culture materials are fully grown and formed, the nutrient elements are fully absorbed, the growth shape and the nutrient content are considered by ensuring good growth conditions, the strain propagation survival rate is improved, the strain quality is remarkably improved, and the requirement of large-scale production can be met.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment of the invention provides a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains, which comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting wild ganoderma entities to prepare cultured seeds, and sowing the cultured seeds in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of potato, 55 parts of bean cake, 40 parts of bran, 4.5 parts of molasses, 14 parts of gypsum powder, 3 parts of acetic acid, 2.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6 parts of gibberellin, 90 parts of water, 38 parts of rice milk and 12 parts of agar, wherein the potato, the bean cake, the bran and the like are used as culture medium raw materials and are more suitable for the growth requirement of hypha, in addition, factors required by the growth of ganoderma lucidum are provided, the division of plant cells is accelerated, and the growth of the hypha is promoted;

s2, culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 28 +/-1 ℃ and preserving and culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ to obtain a culture material; ganoderma mycelia can occur in large amount at 25-30 deg.C, less at below 22 deg.C, and grow slowly, while at above 34 deg.C, but nodule-shaped protrusions are easily formed after primordium formation, and stop development, Ganoderma mycelia grow faster at (28 + -1) deg.C, have sparse wheel veins, and have light surface color, and at (24 + -1) deg.C, the Ganoderma mycelia grow for a long time, and have more effective components accumulated, and hard texture, so that Ganoderma grown at this temperature has good quality, and has good growth time and Ganoderma quality;

s3, inoculating the compost into a planting matrix, wherein the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of wood chips, 28 parts of potato powder, 15 parts of sweet potato powder, 13 parts of wheat, 10 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean flour, 4 parts of sugar, 120 parts of water, 16 parts of soybean milk and 8 parts of rice wine, wherein the relative humidity of air is kept between 90 and 93 percent, the water content of a planting substrate is 63 to 65 percent, the illumination intensity is 5000-plus 6000LX, the carbon dioxide content of the air is kept between 0.03 and 0.06 percent, the temperature is between 27 and 29 ℃, after 14 days of growth, the relative humidity of the air is kept between 86 and 89 percent, the water content of the planting substrate is 60 to 63 percent, the illumination intensity is 4000-plus 5000LX, the carbon dioxide content of the air is kept between 0.07 and 0.09 percent, the temperature is between 24 and 26 ℃, the growth is carried out for 14 to 18 days, the requirement of full nutrition raw materials for facilitating the growth of hyphae is provided, good growth conditions are ensured, the division of plant cells is accelerated, and the growth is promoted, the growth shape and the nutrient content are considered, the strain propagation survival rate is improved, the strain quality is obviously improved, and the requirement of large-scale production can be met.

According to tests, when the illumination intensity is 4000-6000LX, sporocarp development is normal, stipe is thick, pileus is thick, normal differentiation can be realized when the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is less than 0.1%, when the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in air is 0.03-0.06%, pileus differentiation is fast, development is normal, and when the volume fraction of carbon dioxide reaches 0.07-0.09%, pileus differentiation is delayed.

The preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the culture medium are weighed according to the parts by weight and stirred for 4 hours under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 254 nanometers.

The rice milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping rice and water, and the weight ratio of the rice to the water is 1: the soybean milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping soybean and water, the proportion of the soybean to the water is 1:1, the alcoholic strength of the rice wine is 1-2%, the rice wine is rich in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, carotene, folic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, a plurality of trace elements such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, copper, magnesium, zinc, selenium and the like, and more than ten kinds of amino acids.

The culture medium and the planting medium are sterilized by high-pressure steam, the pressure is 103.4kPa, and the temperature is 121.3 ℃, and the culture medium and the planting medium are maintained for 15-20 minutes.

Example two:

the embodiment of the invention provides a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains, which comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting wild ganoderma entities to prepare cultured seeds, and sowing the cultured seeds in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of potato, 52 parts of bean cake, 33 parts of bran, 3 parts of molasses, 12 parts of gypsum powder, 2 parts of acetic acid, 2.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 5.5 parts of gibberellin, 83 parts of water, 34 parts of rice milk and 7 parts of agar, wherein the potato, the bean cake, the bran and the like are used as culture medium raw materials and are more suitable for the growth requirement of hyphae, and factors required by the growth of lucid ganoderma are provided, so that the division of plant cells is accelerated, and the growth of the hyphae is promoted;

s2, culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 28 +/-1 ℃ and preserving and culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ to obtain a culture material; ganoderma mycelia can occur in large amount at 25-30 deg.C, less at below 22 deg.C, and grow slowly, while at above 34 deg.C, but nodule-shaped protrusions are easily formed after primordium formation, and stop development, Ganoderma mycelia grow faster at (28 + -1) deg.C, have sparse wheel veins, and have light surface color, and at (24 + -1) deg.C, the Ganoderma mycelia grow for a long time, and have more effective components accumulated, and hard texture, so that Ganoderma grown at this temperature has good quality, and has good growth time and Ganoderma quality;

s3, inoculating the compost into a planting matrix, wherein the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of wood chips, 25 parts of potato powder, 10 parts of sweet potato powder, 10 parts of wheat, 8 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of soybean flour, 2 parts of sugar, 100 parts of water, 13 parts of soybean milk and 7 parts of rice wine, wherein the relative humidity of air is kept to be 90%, the water content of a planting substrate is 63%, the illumination intensity is 5000LX, the carbon dioxide content in air is kept to be 0.03%, the temperature is 27 ℃, after 14 days of growth, the relative humidity of air is kept to be 86%, the water content of the planting substrate is 60%, the illumination intensity is 4000LX, the carbon dioxide content in air is kept to be 0.07%, the temperature is 24 ℃, the growth is 14 days, sufficient nutrient raw materials are provided to facilitate the growth of hyphae, good growth conditions are ensured, the division of plant cells is accelerated, the growth is promoted, the shape and the nutrient content are both, the survival rate of strain propagation is improved, the quality of the strain is remarkably improved, and the requirement for large-scale production can be met.

The preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the culture medium are weighed according to the parts by weight and stirred for 3 hours under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 254 nanometers.

The rice milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping rice and water, and the weight ratio of the rice to the water is 1:1, the soybean milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping soybeans and water, the ratio of the soybeans to the water is 1:1, and the alcoholic strength of the rice wine is 1-2%.

The culture medium and the planting medium are sterilized by high-pressure steam, the pressure is 103.4kPa, and the temperature is 121.3 ℃, and the culture medium and the planting medium are maintained for 15-20 minutes.

Example three:

the embodiment of the invention provides a method for cultivating wild ganoderma lucidum strains, which comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting wild ganoderma entities to prepare cultured seeds, and sowing the cultured seeds in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 56 parts of potatoes, 57 parts of bean cakes, 46 parts of bran, 6 parts of molasses, 17 parts of gypsum powder, 3.5 parts of acetic acid, 3 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6.6 parts of gibberellin, 103 parts of water, 42 parts of rice milk and 16 parts of agar, wherein the potatoes, the bean cakes, the bran and the like are used as culture medium raw materials and are more suitable for the growth requirement of hyphae, and factors required by the growth of lucid ganoderma are provided, so that the division of plant cells is accelerated, and the growth of the hyphae is promoted;

s2, culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 28 +/-1 ℃ and preserving and culturing for 14 days at the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ to obtain a culture material; ganoderma mycelia can occur in large amount at 25-30 deg.C, less at below 22 deg.C, and grow slowly, while at above 34 deg.C, but nodule-shaped protrusions are easily formed after primordium formation, and stop development, Ganoderma mycelia grow faster at (28 + -1) deg.C, have sparse wheel veins, and have light surface color, and at (24 + -1) deg.C, the Ganoderma mycelia grow for a long time, and have more effective components accumulated, and hard texture, so that Ganoderma grown at this temperature has good quality, and has good growth time and Ganoderma quality;

s3, inoculating the compost into a planting matrix, wherein the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of wood chips, 30 parts of potato powder, 20 parts of sweet potato powder, 15 parts of wheat, 13 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of soybean flour, 5 parts of sugar, 130 parts of water, 20 parts of soybean milk and 10 parts of rice wine, wherein the relative humidity of air is kept at 93%, the water content of a planting substrate is 65%, the illumination intensity is 6000LX, the carbon dioxide content in air is kept at 0.06%, the temperature is 29 ℃, after 14 days of growth, the relative humidity of air is kept at 89%, the water content of the planting substrate is 63%, the illumination intensity is 5000LX, the carbon dioxide content in air is kept at 0.09%, the temperature is 26 ℃, the growth is carried out for 18 days, sufficient nutritional raw materials are provided, the growth requirement of hyphae is facilitated, good growth conditions are ensured, the division of plant cells is accelerated, the growth is promoted, the growth body shape and the nutritional content are both considered, the survival rate of strain propagation is improved, the quality of the strain is remarkably improved, and the requirement for large-scale production can be met.

The preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the culture medium are weighed according to the parts by weight and stirred for 5 hours under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 254 nanometers.

The rice milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping rice and water, and the weight ratio of the rice to the water is 1:1, the soybean milk is a product obtained by mixing and pulping soybeans and water, the ratio of the soybeans to the water is 1:1, and the alcoholic strength of the rice wine is 1-2%.

The culture medium and the planting medium are sterilized by high-pressure steam, the pressure is 103.4kPa, and the temperature is 121.3 ℃, and the culture medium and the planting medium are maintained for 15-20 minutes.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.