阅读说明：本技术 用形状记忆合金驱动的闭链翻滚机器人 (Closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy ) 是由 贾晓丽 米柏川 王康 黄书童 原春钰 张岩波 刘书海 肖华平 于 2021-09-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种用形状记忆合金驱动的闭链翻滚机器人,包括多个连杆结构模块,各所述连杆结构模块首尾相连形成封闭链结构；相邻两个所述连杆结构模块之间均连接有形状记忆合金丝,各所述形状记忆合金丝能分别通电收缩带动连杆结构模块摆动,且所述连杆结构模块复位能带动各所述形状记忆合金丝复原,所述形状记忆合金丝用于驱动所述封闭链结构翻滚运动。本发明充分利用SMA的记忆效应特性,实现了各连杆结构模块的驱动,体积更小,身体更加柔软,具有更好的越障能力,具有更简单的结构,运行更加平稳。(The invention relates to a closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy, which comprises a plurality of connecting rod structure modules, wherein the connecting rod structure modules are connected end to form a closed chain structure; shape memory alloy wires are connected between every two adjacent connecting rod structure modules, each shape memory alloy wire can be electrified to contract respectively to drive the connecting rod structure modules to swing, the connecting rod structure modules reset to drive the shape memory alloy wires to reset, and the shape memory alloy wires are used for driving the closed chain structure to roll. The invention fully utilizes the memory effect characteristic of SMA, realizes the drive of each connecting rod structure module, has smaller volume, softer body, better obstacle-crossing capability, simpler structure and more stable operation.)

1. A closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy is characterized by comprising a plurality of connecting rod structure modules, wherein the connecting rod structure modules are connected end to form a closed chain structure; shape memory alloy wires are connected between every two adjacent connecting rod structure modules, each shape memory alloy wire can be electrified to contract respectively to drive the connecting rod structure modules to swing, the connecting rod structure modules reset to drive the shape memory alloy wires to reset, and the shape memory alloy wires are used for driving the closed chain structure to roll.

2. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the link structure modules is an even number.

3. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the link structure modules comprises a link body, a first connecting structure is provided at a first end of the link body, a second connecting structure is provided at a second end of the link body, and the second connecting structure is matched with the first connecting structure to hinge the adjacent link bodies; the first end of the connecting rod body is also provided with a fixed connection structure, and the fixed connection structure is used for connecting the shape memory alloy wires between the adjacent connecting rod bodies.

4. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein each of the link structure modules connects at least two shape memory alloy wires, configured as a first shape memory alloy wire and a second shape memory alloy wire, the second shape memory alloy wire being disposed close to the link body, the first shape memory alloy wire being disposed away from the link body; the first shape memory alloy wire is used for limiting the connecting rod body to rotate under the action of gravity so as to change the initial shape of the robot, the second shape memory alloy wire is pre-stretched and can be electrified and contracted so as to drive the connecting rod body to rotate.

5. The closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy according to claim 4, wherein the fixed connection structure comprises a fixed connection seat, a fixed seat through hole is formed in the fixed connection seat, a fixed bolt penetrates through the fixed seat through hole, and the fixed bolt is fixedly connected with the shape memory alloy wire.

6. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein each of the fixed connection structures comprises two fixed connection seats and two fixing bolts, and each of the fixed connection seats is fixedly connected with one of the first shape memory alloy wires and one of the second shape memory alloy wires.

7. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein the shape memory alloy wire is wound around the fixing bolt.

8. The closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first connecting structure comprises a first connecting seat, the first connecting seat is provided with a first connecting through hole, the second connecting structure comprises a second connecting seat, the second connecting seat is provided with a second connecting through hole, the first connecting through hole and the second connecting through hole can coaxially correspond, and a connecting bolt is arranged in the first connecting through hole and the second connecting through hole in a penetrating manner.

9. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by a shape memory alloy as recited in claim 8, wherein said first connecting structure comprises two of said first connecting sockets disposed at a distance, and said second connecting structure comprises two of said second connecting sockets disposed at a distance.

10. The closed chain tumbling robot driven by shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the link structure modules is manufactured by 3D printing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent mobile robots, in particular to a closed-chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy.

Background

The mobile robot technology is a new product integrating multiple subjects of machinery, computers, communication, sensors, biology, bionics and the like, and is an important member in an intelligent robot family. The mobile robot can be divided into wheeled, tracked, legged and spherical robots and the like according to different motion forms, and different motion forms endow the mobile robot with different performances and application occasions. However, the traditional driving method has a low power-to-weight ratio, and in recent years, researchers are studying how to apply the intelligent material driving to various drivers. The shape memory alloy driver utilizes the shape memory effect of the shape memory alloy driver, has the advantages of high deformation, high functional density and the like, and is widely applied to various engineering fields.

Among the prior art there is a robot that rolls (CN107640241A), this robot includes two organisms and connects the organism connecting device of two organisms, two organisms set up side by side along the walking direction, all are equipped with the action wheel on every organism, and the action wheel passes through rotation axis connection motor, organism connecting device's both ends are equipped with the power shaft respectively, and the power shaft rotationally sets up at the middle part of organism and connects the motor respectively. The robot is an open chain structure consisting of two bodies, can realize the obstacle crossing function of the robot only through gradual control, has slow movement speed, adopts a driving mode of a traditional motor, leads to overlarge and heavy body of the robot, is easy to damage the surveyed terrain, and cannot finish the detection task.

With the social demand for robots becoming larger and larger, designing a mobile robot with excellent mobility has profound research significance. How to realize that the robot can smoothly cross obstacles and walk stably in an unknown environment is an important problem to be solved. The space closed-chain robot has good stability due to the special structure, has the characteristics of flexible movement, good environmental adaptability and the like, and is widely researched.

Therefore, the inventor provides a closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy, which overcomes the problems in the prior art, fully utilizes the memory effect characteristic of SMA (shape memory alloy), realizes the driving of each connecting rod structure module, has smaller volume, softer body, better obstacle crossing capability, simpler structure and more stable operation.

The invention aims to realize the purpose, and the closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy comprises a plurality of connecting rod structure modules, wherein the connecting rod structure modules are connected end to form a closed chain structure; shape memory alloy wires are connected between every two adjacent connecting rod structure modules, each shape memory alloy wire can be electrified to contract respectively to drive the connecting rod structure modules to swing, the connecting rod structure modules reset to drive the shape memory alloy wires to reset, and the shape memory alloy wires are used for driving the closed chain structure to roll.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the link structure modules is an even number.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the connecting rod structure modules includes a connecting rod body, a first connecting structure is disposed at a first end of the connecting rod body, a second connecting structure is disposed at a second end of the connecting rod body, and the second connecting structure is matched with the first connecting structure to hinge the adjacent connecting rod body; the first end of the connecting rod body is also provided with a fixed connection structure, and the fixed connection structure is used for connecting the shape memory alloy wires between the adjacent connecting rod bodies.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the link structure modules is connected to at least two shape memory alloy wires, and is configured as a first shape memory alloy wire and a second shape memory alloy wire, the second shape memory alloy wire is disposed close to the link body, and the first shape memory alloy wire is disposed away from the link body; the first shape memory alloy wire is used for limiting the connecting rod body to rotate under the action of gravity so as to change the initial shape of the robot, the second shape memory alloy wire is pre-stretched and can be electrified and contracted so as to drive the connecting rod body to rotate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing connection structure includes a fixing connection seat, the fixing connection seat is provided with a fixing seat through hole, a fixing bolt penetrates through the fixing seat through hole, and the fixing bolt is fixedly connected to the shape memory alloy wire.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the fixing connection structures includes two fixing connection seats and two fixing bolts, and each of the fixing connection seats is fixedly connected with one of the first shape memory alloy wires and one of the second shape memory alloy wires.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shape memory alloy wire is wound around the fixing bolt.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting structure includes a first connecting seat, the first connecting seat is provided with a first connecting through hole, the second connecting structure includes a second connecting seat, the second connecting seat is provided with a second connecting through hole, the first connecting through hole and the second connecting through hole can coaxially correspond to each other, and a connecting bolt penetrates through the first connecting through hole and the second connecting through hole.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting structure includes two first connecting seats disposed at an interval, and the second connecting structure includes two second connecting seats disposed at an interval.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the link structure modules is manufactured by 3D printing.

From the above, the closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy has the following beneficial effects:

the invention fully utilizes the memory effect characteristic of SMA to realize the drive of each connecting rod structure module, and adopts the SMA drive mode to ensure that the robot has smaller volume and softer body and is easier to enter some narrow terrains for work; compared with the traditional wheel type robot, the invention has better obstacle crossing capability and can pass through more complex terrains; compared with a legged robot, the robot has a simpler structure and runs more stably; relative to peristaltic movement, the invention has faster movement speed;

the robot has symmetrical structure, so that the mass distribution is symmetrical, and the speed, the acceleration and the driving torque of the robot in the motion process also show corresponding symmetry due to the characteristics of symmetrical structure and symmetrical mass distribution;

each connecting rod structure module is in modular design, the modularization is the premise of universality and standardization, the modular design enables the robot components to have a uniform structure, the design and processing flow is simplified, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; the modular robot components are interchangeable, and when one component is damaged, the component can be directly replaced, so that the maintenance time is saved;

the connecting rod structure module is manufactured by printing, and the material is light, so that the detection terrain is not damaged;

the invention has simple structure, easy installation and convenient disassembly, and is beneficial to popularization and use.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1: is the overall structure diagram of the closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy.

FIG. 2: is a structural view of the link structure module of the present invention.

FIG. 3: is a perspective view of the connection state of two link structure modules of the present invention.

FIG. 4: is a front view of the connection state of two link structure modules of the present invention.

FIG. 5: the invention is a motion principle diagram of a closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy.

FIG. 6: is a barrier-crossing schematic diagram of the closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy.

In the figure:

100. a closed chain rolling robot driven by shape memory alloy;

1. a connecting rod structure module;

10. a connecting rod body; 101. a first link body; 102. a second connecting rod body; 109. a ninth connecting rod body; 110. a tenth link body;

11. a first connecting structure; 111. a first connecting seat; 112. a first connecting through hole; 113. a connecting bolt; 114. a connecting nut;

12. a second connecting structure; 121. a second connecting seat; 122. a second connecting through hole;

13. a fixed connection structure; 131. fixing the connecting seat; 132. fixing the bolt; 133. fixing a nut;

2. a shape memory alloy wire;

21. a first shape memory alloy wire; 22. a second shape memory alloy wire.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a closed chain rolling robot 100 driven by shape memory alloy, comprising a plurality of link structure modules 1, wherein the link structure modules 1 are connected end to form a closed chain structure; shape memory alloy wires 2 are connected between every two adjacent connecting rod structure modules 1, each shape memory alloy wire 2 can be respectively electrified and contracted to drive the connecting rod structure modules 1 to swing, the connecting rod structure modules can be reset to drive each shape memory alloy wire 2 to reset, and the shape memory alloy wires 2 are used for driving the closed chain structure to roll.

As a novel functional material, Shape memory alloy (SMA, a material composed of two or more metal elements having a Shape memory effect through thermoelasticity, martensitic transformation and inversion) attracts attention due to its unique Shape memory effect, and has characteristics of high power density, simple structure, good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and the like, so that an intelligent structure based on the Shape memory alloy material has a wide prospect in the fields of monitoring, intelligent robots, micro electro mechanical systems, biomedical treatment, and the like. In the invention, the shape memory alloy wire 2 is stretched by pretreatment, contracted by electrifying and restored by power failure.

The invention fully utilizes the memory effect characteristic of SMA to realize the drive of each connecting rod structure module, and adopts the SMA drive mode to ensure that the robot has smaller volume and softer body and is easier to enter some narrow terrains for work; compared with the traditional wheel type robot, the invention has better obstacle crossing capability and can pass through more complex terrains; compared with a legged robot, the robot has a simpler structure and runs more stably; relative to peristaltic movement, the invention has faster movement speed;

each connecting rod structure module is in modular design, the modularization is the premise of universality and standardization, the modular design enables the robot components to have a uniform structure, the design and processing flow is simplified, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; the modular robot components are interchangeable, and when one component is damaged, the component can be directly replaced, so that the maintenance time is saved;

the invention has simple structure, easy installation and convenient disassembly, and is beneficial to popularization and use.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the link structure modules 1 is an even number. In the present embodiment, the number of the link structure modules 1 is 12. An even number of link structure modules 1 enables the invention to form a symmetrical structure. Researches show that the symmetrical structure can effectively improve the performance of a mechanical system in principle and function, greatly simplify the design process, reduce the complexity of the whole control system, avoid the occurrence of singular configurations and the like. Therefore, symmetrical structures have a very important position in mechanical systems. The invention has symmetrical structure, thereby realizing symmetrical mass distribution, and the two characteristics of symmetrical structure and symmetrical mass distribution ensure that the speed, the acceleration and the driving torque of the robot also show corresponding symmetry in the motion process.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, each connecting rod structure module 1 includes a connecting rod body 10, a first connecting structure 11 is disposed at a first end of the connecting rod body 10, a second connecting structure 12 is disposed at a second end of the connecting rod body 10, and the second connecting structure 12 is disposed in a matching manner with the first connecting structure 11 to hinge the adjacent connecting rod body 10; the first end of the connecting rod body 10 is further provided with a fixed connecting structure 13, and the fixed connecting structure 13 is used for connecting the shape memory alloy wires 2 between the adjacent connecting rod bodies 10. In the present embodiment, the first connection structure 11 and the second connection structure 12 are arranged in the same structure.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, each link structure module 1 is connected to at least two shape memory alloy wires, which are set as a first shape memory alloy wire 21 and a second shape memory alloy wire 22, the second shape memory alloy wire 22 is disposed close to the link body 10, and the first shape memory alloy wire 21 is disposed away from the link body 10; the first shape memory alloy wire 21 is used for limiting the connecting rod body to rotate (clockwise or anticlockwise) under the action of gravity so as to change the initial shape of the robot, namely, the first shape memory alloy wire is used for keeping the initial shape of the robot; the second shape memory alloy wire 22 is a pre-stretched shape memory alloy wire, and the second shape memory alloy wire 22 can be electrically contracted to drive the connecting rod body 10 to rotate. Because the invention is a closed chain structure, each connecting rod structure module 1 is mutually restrained, and the forward or backward movement of the invention can be realized by driving different connecting rod structure modules 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the fixed connection structure 13 includes a fixed connection seat 131, a through hole of a fixing seat is formed in the fixed connection seat 131, a fixing bolt 132 penetrates through the through hole of the fixing seat, the fixing bolt 132 is fixed on the fixed connection seat 131 through a fixing nut 133, and the fixing bolt 132 is fixedly connected to the shape memory alloy wire 2. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fixing bolt 132 and the fixing nut 133 are a bolt of type M3 and a nut of type M3, respectively, which are assembled and connected to fix the SMA wire.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, each of the fixing connection structures includes two fixing connection seats 131 and two fixing bolts 132, and a first shape memory alloy wire 21 and a second shape memory alloy wire 22 are respectively fixedly connected in each of the fixing connection seats 131, so that a total of four shape memory alloy wires are connected to one link structure module 1.

In the present embodiment, the shape memory alloy wire 2 is wound around the fixing bolt 132.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the first connecting structure 11 includes a first connecting seat 111, a first connecting through hole 112 is disposed on the first connecting seat 111, the second connecting structure 12 includes a second connecting seat 121, a second connecting through hole 122 is disposed on the second connecting seat 121, the first connecting through hole 112 and the second connecting through hole 122 can coaxially correspond to each other, a connecting bolt 113 penetrates through the first connecting through hole 112 and the second connecting through hole 122, and the connecting bolt 113 is fixed by a connecting nut 114. In an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting bolt 113 and the connecting nut 114 are a bolt of type M3 and a nut of type M3, respectively, which are assembled on the first connecting structure 11 and the second connecting structure 12, so as to assemble two adjacent connecting rod bodies 10 together (only perform a limiting function, and have no fastening force, so as to ensure that two adjacent connecting rod bodies 10 can rotate with each other), and the connecting bolt 113 forms a hinge shaft between two adjacent connecting rod bodies 10.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting structure 11 includes two first connecting seats 111 disposed at intervals, and two first connecting through holes 112 and the fixing seat through holes are disposed coaxially; the second connecting structure 12 includes two second connecting seats 121 arranged at intervals, and two second connecting through holes 122 are coaxially arranged.

Further, each link structure module 1 is manufactured by 3D printing. The connecting rod body 10, the first connecting seat 111, the second connecting seat 121 and the fixed connecting seat 131 are integrally printed and manufactured, the material is light, and the detection terrain can not be damaged.

The closed chain rolling robot 100 driven by the shape memory alloy of the present invention operates as follows:

as shown in fig. 5, in the present invention constituted by 12 link structure modules 1, one link body is set as a first link body 101, a link body adjacent thereto is set as a second link body 102, a link body symmetrical to the first link body 101 is set as a tenth link body 110, and a link body symmetrical to the second link body 102 is set as a ninth link body 109;

the second shape memory alloy wire 22 between the first link body 101 and the second link body 102 is energized to drive the second link body 102 to move clockwise around the rotation shaft (the connection bolt 113), and when the second link body 102 moves to a certain angle, the other rods also move rightward (in the direction of fig. 5) under the influence of the restraining force. At the same time, the second shape memory alloy wire 22 between the ninth link body 109 and the tenth link body 110 is energized, driving the ninth link body 109 to move clockwise about the rotation shaft (the connection bolt 113). Under the driving of the second connecting rod body 102 and the ninth connecting rod body 109, the closed chain rolling robot 100 driven by the shape memory alloy of the present invention generates a turning motion to the right (direction in fig. 5). Until the second link body 102 is rotated by 45 °, the robot configuration is restored to the original configuration, but is entirely moved rightward by a distance of one link body length.

The motion process is named step1, and the embodiment is composed of 12 link structure modules 1, so that the robot can be driven to perform a complete rolling motion by only circularly driving the 12 link structure modules 1 and repeating the process in step1 for 12 times. The driving of the required times can be carried out through the actual obstacle crossing, and an obstacle crossing schematic diagram of the invention is shown in figure 6.

From the above, the closed chain rolling robot driven by the shape memory alloy has the following beneficial effects:

the invention fully utilizes the memory effect characteristic of SMA to realize the drive of each connecting rod structure module, and adopts the SMA drive mode to ensure that the robot has smaller volume and softer body and is easier to enter some narrow terrains for work; compared with the traditional wheel type robot, the invention has better obstacle crossing capability and can pass through more complex terrains; compared with a legged robot, the robot has a simpler structure and runs more stably; relative to peristaltic movement, the invention has faster movement speed;

the robot has symmetrical structure, so that the mass distribution is symmetrical, and the speed, the acceleration and the driving torque of the robot in the motion process also show corresponding symmetry due to the characteristics of symmetrical structure and symmetrical mass distribution;

each connecting rod structure module is in modular design, the modularization is the premise of universality and standardization, the modular design enables the robot components to have a uniform structure, the design and processing flow is simplified, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; the modular robot components are interchangeable, and when one component is damaged, the component can be directly replaced, so that the maintenance time is saved;

the connecting rod structure module is manufactured by printing, and the material is light, so that the detection terrain is not damaged;

the invention has simple structure, easy installation and convenient disassembly, and is beneficial to popularization and use.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.