阅读说明：本技术 一种蒸压加气混凝土砌块及其制备方法 (Autoclaved aerated concrete block and preparation method thereof ) 是由 全峰 陈龙 刘传忠 于 2021-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种蒸压加气混凝土砌块,属于蒸压加气混凝土砌块制备技术领域,原料包括物料和水,按质量比数计,水料比为0.5-0.65,按重量份数计,物料包括以下组分：花岗岩废料30-40份,磷石膏20-30份,水泥8-15份,生石灰10-20份,铝粉0.08-0.12份,复合外加剂10-20份；本发明还公开了一种蒸压加气混凝土砌块的制备方法；本发明产品强度高,耐水性能好,而且通过体系生成的水化产物对碱的固化和吸附,以及细化体系孔结构,从而能够抑制硫酸盐的析出,极大降低泛霜现象的产生,提高砌块的外观质量,减轻对砌体工程砌筑和墙体工程抹灰的影响,减少抹灰层空鼓、开裂、脱落等严重质量事故的发生。(The invention discloses an autoclaved aerated concrete block, which belongs to the technical field of preparation of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, and comprises the following raw materials and water, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight, and the water-material ratio is 0.5-0.65 in terms of mass ratio: 30-40 parts of granite waste, 20-30 parts of phosphogypsum, 8-15 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of quick lime, 0.08-0.12 part of aluminum powder and 10-20 parts of composite additive; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the autoclaved aerated concrete block; the product of the invention has high strength and good water resistance, and the hydration product generated by the system can solidify and adsorb alkali and refine the pore structure of the system, thereby inhibiting the precipitation of sulfate, greatly reducing the occurrence of the phenomenon of frost, improving the appearance quality of the building block, reducing the influence on masonry of masonry engineering and plastering of wall engineering, and reducing the occurrence of serious quality accidents such as hollowing, cracking, falling off and the like of a plastering layer.)

1. The autoclaved aerated concrete block is characterized in that the raw materials comprise materials and water, the water-material ratio is 0.5-0.65 in terms of mass ratio, and the materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of granite waste, 20-30 parts of phosphogypsum, 8-15 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of quick lime, 0.08-0.12 part of aluminum powder and 10-20 parts of composite additive.

2. The autoclaved aerated concrete block according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite additive is formed by uniformly mixing an additive A, an additive B and an additive C, wherein the additive A is as follows by mass ratio: additive B: the proportion of the additive C is 30:1:1 respectively.

3. The autoclaved aerated concrete block according to claim 2, characterized in that: the additive A is formed by mixing slag powder, limestone powder, silica fume and nano Al2O3, wherein the mass ratio of the slag powder is as follows: limestone powder: silica fume: the ratio of the nano Al2O3 is 7:3:1:1 respectively.

4. The autoclaved aerated concrete block according to claim 2, characterized in that: the additive B is formed by mixing one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, and the mixture is prepared by mixing any one of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate in equal proportion according to mass ratio.

5. The autoclaved aerated concrete block according to claim 2, characterized in that: the additive C is formed by mixing one or more of aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, sulfonated melamine and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in equal proportion according to mass ratio.

6. The preparation method of the autoclaved aerated concrete block is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: purchasing raw materials of granite waste, phosphogypsum, cement, quick lime, a composite additive and aluminum powder, and preparing sufficient water;

s2: weighing granite waste and phosphogypsum with a formula ratio, levigating, and screening by using a screen;

s3: weighing water with the formula amount of 96-98%, mixing the water with the screened granite waste and phosphogypsum uniformly to obtain slurry;

s4: weighing aluminum powder with the formula amount and water with the formula amount of 2-4%, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

s5: weighing cement, quicklime and a composite additive according to the formula ratio, adding the mixture into the slurry, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

s6: injecting the mixture into a mold;

s7: standing the mixture in a mold for 1.5-2h, and taking out the mixture from the mold to obtain a semi-finished product;

s8: cutting the taken semi-finished product;

s9: and (3) placing the cut semi-finished product into an autoclave for autoclave curing, wherein the autoclave time is 8-12h, the autoclave temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the pressure in the autoclave is 0.8-1.2MPa, and obtaining the finished product after the autoclave curing.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, and particularly relates to an autoclaved aerated concrete block and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The autoclaved aerated concrete is a porous silicate material prepared by pulping and gas generating and autoclaved curing of siliceous and calcareous raw materials, and becomes a leading wall material of energy-saving buildings in many areas.

Granite waste is leftover waste and slag powder generated in the process of mining, cutting and polishing granite, phosphogypsum is calcium sulfate solid precipitate discharged in the process of producing phosphoric acid by a wet method, at present, the discharge amount of the granite waste and the phosphogypsum in China every year is huge, but the utilization rate is low, the stacking or landfill of the waste can cause serious pollution to nearby air, soil, water sources and the like, and the healthy and sustainable development of stone mining and processing industry and phosphorus chemical industry is severely restricted.

The autoclaved aerated concrete is prepared by using granite waste and phosphogypsum as raw materials, so that the recycling of stone processing waste can be realized, the problems of land occupation, pollution and the like of the autoclaved aerated concrete can be solved, the preparation cost of the aerated concrete can be effectively reduced, and a wall thermal insulation material with excellent performance is provided for modern buildings, but the blending amount of the granite waste and the phosphogypsum is too high in the preparation process of the existing autoclaved aerated concrete block, so that the strength of the block is low, the block is not water-resistant, and the softening coefficient is low; in addition, potassium feldspar and albite components in granite can form potassium-sodium sulfate in an autoclaved process, and the potassium-sodium sulfate can enable autoclaved aerated concrete blocks to be taken out of a kettle and then subjected to water leaching and natural drying to generate a layer of white powdery substance on the surface, so that the appearance quality of the blocks is reduced, masonry of masonry engineering and plastering of wall engineering are affected, and serious quality accidents such as hollowing, cracking, falling and the like of a plastering layer are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides an autoclaved aerated concrete block and a preparation method thereof, which have the characteristics of greatly reducing the occurrence of a blooming phenomenon, improving the appearance quality of the block, reducing the influence on masonry engineering and plastering of wall engineering, and reducing serious quality accidents such as hollowing, cracking, falling off and the like of a plastering layer.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the autoclaved aerated concrete block.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the autoclaved aerated concrete block comprises the following raw materials and water, wherein the water-material ratio is 0.5-0.65 in parts by weight, and the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of granite waste, 20-30 parts of phosphogypsum, 8-15 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of quick lime, 0.08-0.12 part of aluminum powder and 10-20 parts of composite additive.

Further, the composite additive is prepared by uniformly mixing an additive A, an additive B and an additive C, wherein the mass ratio of the additive A: additive B: the proportion of the additive C is 30:1:1 respectively.

Further, the additive A is formed by mixing slag powder, limestone powder, silica fume and nano Al2O3, wherein the mass ratio of the slag powder is as follows: limestone powder: silica fume: the ratio of the nano Al2O3 is 7:3:1:1 respectively.

Further, the additive B is formed by mixing one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, and the mixture is prepared by mixing the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate in equal proportion according to mass ratio.

Further, the additive C is formed by mixing one or more of aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, sulfonated melamine and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and any one of the aluminum sulfate, the ferric sulfate, the sulfonated melamine and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is mixed in equal proportion according to mass ratio.

A preparation method of an autoclaved aerated concrete block comprises the following steps:

s1: purchasing raw materials of granite waste, phosphogypsum, cement, quick lime, a composite additive and aluminum powder, and preparing enough water;

s2: weighing granite waste and phosphogypsum with a formula ratio, levigating, and screening by using a screen;

s3: weighing water with the formula amount of 96-98%, mixing the water with the screened granite waste and phosphogypsum uniformly to obtain slurry;

s4: weighing aluminum powder with the formula amount and water with the formula amount of 2-4%, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

s5: weighing cement, quicklime and a composite additive according to the formula ratio, adding the mixture into the slurry, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

s6: injecting the mixture into a mold;

s7: standing the mixture in a mold for 1.5-2h, and taking out the mixture from the mold to obtain a semi-finished product;

s8: cutting the taken semi-finished product;

s9: and (3) placing the cut semi-finished product into an autoclave for autoclave curing, wherein the autoclave time is 8-12h, the autoclave temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the pressure in the autoclave is 0.8-1.2MPa, and obtaining the finished product after the autoclave curing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the product of the invention has high strength and good water resistance, and the hydration product generated by the system solidifies and adsorbs alkali and refines the pore structure of the system, thereby inhibiting the precipitation of sulfate, greatly reducing the occurrence of the blooming phenomenon, improving the appearance quality of the building block, reducing the influence on masonry and wall engineering plastering, and reducing the occurrence of serious quality accidents such as hollowing, cracking, falling off and the like of a plastering layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the autoclaved aerated concrete block comprises the following raw materials and water, wherein the water-material ratio is 0.5 in terms of mass ratio, and the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of granite waste, 20 parts of phosphogypsum, 19.92 parts of cement, 10 parts of quick lime, 0.08 part of aluminum powder and 20 parts of composite additive.

Specifically, the composite additive is formed by uniformly mixing an additive A, an additive B and an additive C, wherein the mass ratio of the additive A: additive B: the proportion of the additive C is 30:1:1 respectively.

Specifically, the additive A is formed by mixing slag powder, limestone powder, silica fume and nano Al2O3, wherein the mass ratio of the slag powder is as follows: limestone powder: silica fume: the ratio of the nano Al2O3 is 7:3:1:1 respectively.

Specifically, the additive B is formed by mixing sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, and the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate and the sodium sulfate are mixed in equal proportion according to the mass ratio.

Specifically, the additive C is prepared by mixing aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate and sulfonated melamine, wherein the aluminum sulfate, the ferric sulfate and the sulfonated melamine are mixed in equal proportion according to the mass ratio.

A preparation method of an autoclaved aerated concrete block comprises the following steps:

s1: purchasing raw materials of granite waste, phosphogypsum, cement, quick lime, a composite additive and aluminum powder, and preparing enough water;

s2: weighing granite waste and phosphogypsum with a formula ratio, levigating, and screening by using a screen;

s3: weighing water with the formula amount of 96%, mixing the water with the screened granite waste and phosphogypsum uniformly to obtain slurry;

s4: weighing aluminum powder with the formula amount and water with the formula amount of 4%, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

s5: weighing cement, quicklime and a composite additive according to the formula ratio, adding the mixture into the slurry, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

s6: injecting the mixture into a mold;

s7: standing the mixture in a mold for 1.5h, and taking out the mixture from the mold to obtain a semi-finished product;

s8: cutting the taken semi-finished product;

s9: and (3) placing the cut semi-finished product into an autoclave for autoclave curing, wherein the autoclave time is 8h, the autoclave temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure in the autoclave is 0.8MPa, and obtaining the finished product after the autoclave curing.

Example 2

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the autoclaved aerated concrete block comprises the following raw materials and water, wherein the water-material ratio is 0.65 in terms of mass ratio, and the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of granite waste material, 30 parts of phosphogypsum, 9 parts of cement, 15.88 parts of quick lime, 0.12 part of aluminum powder and 10 parts of composite additive.

Specifically, the composite additive is formed by uniformly mixing an additive A, an additive B and an additive C, wherein the mass ratio of the additive A: additive B: the proportion of the additive C is 30:1:1 respectively.

Specifically, the additive A is formed by mixing slag powder, limestone powder, silica fume and nano Al2O3, wherein the mass ratio of the slag powder is as follows: limestone powder: silica fume: the ratio of the nano Al2O3 is 7:3:1:1 respectively.

Specifically, the additive B is formed by mixing sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, and the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate are mixed in equal proportion according to the mass ratio.

Specifically, the additive C is prepared by mixing aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, sulfonated melamine and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the aluminum sulfate, the ferric sulfate, the sulfonated melamine and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are mixed in equal proportion according to mass ratio.

A preparation method of an autoclaved aerated concrete block comprises the following steps:

s1: purchasing raw materials of granite waste, phosphogypsum, cement, quick lime, a composite additive and aluminum powder, and preparing enough water;

s2: weighing granite waste and phosphogypsum with a formula ratio, levigating, and screening by using a screen;

s3: weighing 98% of water according to the formula amount, mixing the water with the screened granite waste and phosphogypsum, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry;

s4: weighing aluminum powder with the formula amount and water with the formula amount of 2%, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

s5: weighing cement, quicklime and a composite additive according to the formula ratio, adding the mixture into the slurry, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

s6: injecting the mixture into a mold;

s7: standing the mixture in a mold for 2 hours, and taking out the mixture from the mold to obtain a semi-finished product;

s8: cutting the taken semi-finished product;

s9: and (3) placing the cut semi-finished product into an autoclave for autoclave curing, wherein the autoclave time is 12 hours, the autoclave temperature is 160 ℃, and the pressure in the autoclave is 1.2MPa, and obtaining the finished product after the autoclave curing.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.