阅读说明：本技术 一种增强Sn-Bi合金性能的预制体及其制备方法 (Prefabricated body for enhancing performance of Sn-Bi alloy and preparation method thereof ) 是由 马胜强 郭鹏佳 孙巧艳 付沙沙 吕萍 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种增强Sn-Bi合金性能的预制体及其制备方法,在两块铝板上间隔设置若干几何孔阵列,将Ti丝或不锈钢丝平行穿插进入几何孔阵列的孔内形成平行编织结构,构成均匀排布的预制体雏形；将预制体雏形和Sn-Bi合金进行熔炼处理,使Sn-Bi合金熔融成液态后进行保温处理；再经冷却凝固后得到预制体。本发明通过Ti丝和不锈钢丝在预制体中的不同排布模式,形成合理的增强纤维受力分布情况,进而通过纤维强化机制来增强Sn-Bi合金的性能。(The invention discloses a prefabricated body for enhancing the performance of Sn-Bi alloy and a preparation method thereof.A plurality of geometric hole arrays are arranged on two aluminum plates at intervals, and Ti wires or stainless steel wires are inserted into holes of the geometric hole arrays in parallel to form a parallel braided structure to form a prefabricated body prototype which is uniformly distributed; smelting the preform prototype and the Sn-Bi alloy, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the Sn-Bi alloy is molten into a liquid state; and cooling and solidifying to obtain the prefabricated body. According to the invention, through different arrangement modes of the Ti wires and the stainless steel wires in the prefabricated body, reasonable stress distribution conditions of the reinforcing fibers are formed, and further, the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy is enhanced through a fiber reinforcement mechanism.)

1. A preparation method of a preform for enhancing the performance of Sn-Bi alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:

arranging a plurality of geometric hole arrays on the two aluminum plates at intervals, and inserting Ti wires or stainless steel wires into holes of the geometric hole arrays in parallel to form a parallel braided structure to form a prefabricated body prototype which is uniformly distributed;

smelting the preform prototype and the Sn-Bi alloy, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the Sn-Bi alloy is molten into a liquid state; and cooling and solidifying to obtain the prefabricated body.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the array of geometric holes is spaced 0.5 to 1mm apart on the aluminum plate.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the geometric array of holes has a hole diameter of 0.85mm to 1.20 mm.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the Ti wire or the stainless steel wire is 0.1 to 1 mm.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the smelting treatment is 190-210 ℃ and the holding time is 27-38 min.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling solidification time is 28-40 min.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preform prototype further comprises a winding frame, in particular:

preparing a stainless steel plate, cutting the middle of the stainless steel plate, straightening and uniformly winding stainless steel metal wires on the stainless steel plate to obtain a winding frame type preform.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the stainless steel plate has a thickness of 0.95 to 1.05 mm.

9. A preform for enhancing the properties of a Sn-Bi alloy prepared according to the method of claim 1.

10. The preform for enhancing the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy of claim 9, wherein the preform has a tensile strength of 80.94 to 84.82MPa and a hardness of 120.7 HV.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber reinforcement, and particularly relates to a prefabricated body for enhancing the performance of Sn-Bi alloy and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The Sn-Bi alloy is an alloy material prepared from a fusible compound of refractory metals and bonding metals by a powder metallurgy process, is an alloy with a low melting point, has a melting point of 138 ℃, and is silvery white in a solid state at normal temperature. The Sn-Bi alloy has the advantages that: the damping performance is good; the alloy has good thermal conductivity, thermal stability, electromagnetic interference resistance and shielding performance; the dimensional stability of the alloy is good; fourthly, the alloy has small density, high strength and good rigidity. Therefore, the Sn-Bi alloy can be used for manufacturing small parts in the industries of automobile industry, aerospace industry and the like. However, the Sn-Bi alloy is soft and has low tensile strength, which limits the large-scale application of the Sn-Bi alloy and needs to improve the relevant mechanical properties of the alloy.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a preform for enhancing the performance of Sn-Bi alloy, which forms a reasonable distribution of stress on the reinforcing fibers by different arrangement modes of Ti wires and stainless steel wires in the preform, and further enhances the performance of Sn-Bi alloy by a fiber reinforcement mechanism.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a prefabricated body preparation method for enhancing Sn-Bi alloy performance is characterized in that a plurality of geometric hole arrays are arranged on two aluminum plates at intervals, Ti wires or stainless steel wires are inserted into holes of the geometric hole arrays in parallel to form a parallel braided structure, and a prefabricated body prototype which is uniformly distributed is formed; smelting the preform prototype and the Sn-Bi alloy, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the Sn-Bi alloy is molten into a liquid state; and cooling and solidifying to obtain the prefabricated body.

Specifically, the spacing distance of the geometric hole array on the aluminum plate is 0.5-1 mm.

Specifically, the diameter of the geometric hole array is 0.85-1.20 mm.

Specifically, the diameter of the Ti wire or the stainless steel wire is 0.1-1 mm.

Specifically, the temperature of the smelting treatment is 190-210 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 27-38 min.

Specifically, the cooling solidification time is 28-40 min.

Specifically, the preform prototype further comprises a winding frame, specifically:

preparing a stainless steel plate, cutting the middle of the stainless steel plate, straightening and uniformly winding stainless steel metal wires on the stainless steel plate to obtain a winding frame type preform.

Furthermore, the thickness of the stainless steel plate is 0.95-1.05 mm.

Another technical proposal of the invention is that the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy is enhanced.

Specifically, the tensile strength of the preform is 80.94-84.82 MPa, and the hardness is 120.7 HV.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

a Ti wire and a stainless steel wire are used as reinforcing fibers, different arrangement modes are formed in the preform, reasonable stress distribution conditions of the reinforcing fibers are formed, a good transition bonding layer is formed between the reinforcing fibers and a Sn-Bi alloy matrix, the bonding effect is good, the fiber reinforcing effect is generated, and the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy is greatly improved.

Furthermore, the spacing distance of the geometric hole array on the aluminum plate is 0.5-1 mm, so that the holes are densely and uniformly distributed, the inserting distance between the fiber reinforced fibers is moderate, and the fiber reinforced fibers are easily inserted into a row of geometric holes in sequence, the volume fraction of the fiber reinforced fibers is increased, the fiber reinforced fibers form a dense array distribution mode, and the geometric distribution is more reasonable.

Furthermore, the diameter of the holes of the geometric hole array is 0.85-1.20mm, so that titanium wires or stainless steel wires with smaller diameters can be completely penetrated through the geometric holes and then are tensioned, straightened and knotted, and a fiber reinforcement effect is better achieved.

Furthermore, the diameter of the titanium wire or the stainless steel wire is 0.1-1 mm, so that the fiber reinforced wire is kept to be thin, and the drawing strength and the elastic modulus are kept to be high, so that the prefabricated part can bear high tensile stress, and the comprehensive performance of the prefabricated part is improved.

Furthermore, the melting temperature is 190-210 ℃, the temperature is 50-70 ℃ higher than the melting point of the Sn-Bi alloy, the heat preservation time is 27-38min, the Sn-Bi alloy is completely melted, the Sn-Bi solution is ensured to be fully contacted with the fiber reinforced fiber, and the defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like generated in the contact process of the Sn-Bi solution and the fiber reinforced fiber are reduced.

Furthermore, the cooling solidification time after the smelting, pouring and heat preservation are finished is 28-40min, so that the Sn-Bi solution is fully fused with the fiber reinforced fibers in the cooling solidification process to form a good transition bonding layer, the interface bonding strength of the Sn-Bi solution and the fiber reinforced fibers is increased, the load borne by the matrix can be transmitted to the fiber reinforced fibers through the interface, and the fiber reinforcing effect is improved.

Furthermore, the fiber reinforced wires are wound on the stainless steel plate uniformly in a stretched mode around the frame type prefabricated body, so that the fiber reinforced wires are kept in a stretched state, the arrangement direction of the fiber reinforced wires is consistent with the stress direction of the prefabricated body, the tensile strength of the fiber reinforced wires is highest along the fiber direction, the arrangement of the fiber reinforced wires in the matrix is reasonably matched with the stress of the forming component, and the reinforcing effect of the fiber reinforced wires is greatly improved.

Furthermore, the thickness of the stainless steel plate is set to be 0.95-1.05mm, so that the fiber reinforced yarns can be inserted into or wound on the steel plate straightly, and the problem that the volume fraction of the fiber reinforced yarns is reduced due to too thick plates to reduce the fiber reinforced effect, or the reinforcing effect is greatly reduced due to too thin plates which cannot support the fiber reinforced yarns to keep tight tension is avoided.

In conclusion, the invention adopts the principle of fiber reinforcement, uses Ti wires and stainless steel wires as reinforcing fibers and presents different arrangement modes, forms reasonable stress distribution condition of the reinforcing fibers, and is combined with a pure Sn-Bi alloy matrix to form a good combination layer. The strength and the elastic modulus of the Ti wire and the stainless steel wire are far higher than those of the Sn-Bi alloy, so that the Ti wire and the stainless steel wire can bear larger stress, and the interface bonding strength between the reinforced fiber and the matrix interface is good, so that the load borne by the pure Sn-Bi alloy is transmitted to the fiber through the interface, the brittle fracture of the fiber is prevented, the stress directions of the reinforced fiber and the pure Sn-Bi alloy are consistent, and the fiber reinforcement effect can be better exerted. The idea of reinforcing the Sn-Bi alloy by the fibers is adopted, the related performance of the Sn-Bi alloy is greatly improved, and a good solution is provided for the performance improvement of the Sn-Bi alloy.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the distribution of reinforcing filaments of a Ti filament perforated preform;

FIG. 2 is a Ti wire perforation type preform OM topography, wherein (a) is a macroscopic topography and (b) is a macroscopic topography;

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing stress-strain curves of Ti wire punched preforms and pure Sn-Bi alloys;

FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the hardness of the interface of a Ti wire through-hole preform with that of a matrix, wherein (a) is a hardness graph of a Sn-Bi alloy matrix, and (b) is a hardness graph of an interface bonding layer;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a stainless steel wire perforation type preform prototype, wherein (a) is a perforation model diagram of the perforation type preform and (b) is a diagram of the preform prototype;

FIG. 6 is a SEM topography of a stainless steel perforated preform, wherein (a) is a macroscopic topography and (b) is a macroscopic topography;

FIG. 7 is a graph comparing stress-strain curves for stainless steel wire perforated preforms and pure Sn-Bi alloys;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of an embryonic form of a stainless steel wire-wound frame type preform, wherein (a) is a design diagram of an outer frame of the preform, and (b) is a diagram of an object of the embryonic form of the preform;

FIG. 9 is an SEM topographic map of a stainless steel wire-wound frame preform, wherein (a) is a macroscopic topographic map and (b) is a macroscopic topographic map;

FIG. 10 is a graph of stress-strain curves of stainless steel wire wound frame preforms versus pure Sn-Bi alloy.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" indicate the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The invention provides a preparation method of a preform for enhancing the performance of Sn-Bi alloy, which uses Ti wires and stainless steel wires as reinforcing fibers, different arrangement modes are formed in the preform, reasonable stress distribution conditions of the reinforcing fibers are formed, a good transition bonding layer is formed between the reinforcing fibers and a Sn-Bi alloy matrix, the interface bonding effect is good, the reinforcing fibers and the Sn-Bi alloy are well wetted, and the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a prefabricated part for enhancing the performance of Sn-Bi alloy, which comprises the following steps:

one, Ti wire perforation type prefabricated body

Drilling a plurality of rows of geometric hole arrays which are uniformly distributed at intervals of 1mm and have the diameter of 1.1mm on two aluminum plates fixed by nuts, and parallelly inserting high-purity titanium drawn wires with the diameter of 1mm into small holes to form titanium wire prefabricated bodies which are in a parallel braided structure and are uniformly distributed, wherein the titanium wires play a remarkable fiber reinforcement role;

s101, preparing a Ti wire perforated prefabricated body;

s1011, on two aluminum plates which are drilled with a plurality of rows of uniformly distributed geometric hole arrays with the interval of 1mm and the diameter of 1.1mm and are fixed by nuts, parallelly inserting high-purity titanium drawing wires with the diameter of 1mm into holes to manufacture titanium wire preform prototypes which are in parallel woven structures and are uniformly distributed;

s1012, putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and preparing a Ti wire perforated preform after cooling and solidification, wherein the cooling and solidification time is 28-40 min.

Two aluminum plates fixed by nuts are drilled into small holes and inserted with Ti wires, then the temperature is raised to 60 ℃ above the melting point of Sn-Bi alloy, so that the Sn-Bi alloy blocks are fully melted into liquid, after solidification is carried out for 30min, the Sn-Bi alloy blocks and the Ti wires are fully combined together to form a black annular strip combining layer, the transition combining layer is well combined, and a perforated prefabricated body is manufactured, so that the Ti wires fully play a fiber reinforcement role.

S102, tensile experiment test, optical electron microscope observation and hardness test represent the performance of the prefabricated body, and the tensile strength of the titanium wire perforated prefabricated body is measured to be 80.94MPa, which is increased by 42% compared with the tensile strength 57MPa of pure Sn-Bi alloy.

S1021, carrying out a tensile experiment on the Ti wire perforated prefabricated body, measuring the tensile strength of the alloy and comparing the tensile strength with that of the matrix Sn-Bi alloy;

s1022, optically observing the perforated prefabricated body, and observing the bonding distribution condition of the alloy interface bonding layer;

and S1023, carrying out hardness test on the perforated preform, measuring the hardness of the interface of the preform and the hardness of the substrate, and comparing.

The hardness of the titanium wire perforated prefabricated body bonding layer and the Sn-Bi alloy matrix is measured to be 120.7HV and 18.3HV respectively, the hardness of the bonding layer is improved by 559.56% compared with the hardness of the alloy matrix, the wire reinforced area structure is a multilayer structure of reinforced wires/the bonding layer/a soft matrix Sn-Bi alloy, and the soft matrix Sn-Bi three-dimensionally surrounds the reinforced wires and the bonding layer to form an excellent interface reinforced structure.

Stainless steel wire perforated prefabricated body

On two aluminum plates that the nut is fixed, bore the geometry and arrange that the interval is 0.5 mm's evenly distributed's diameter is 1 mm's geometry hole array, use professional perforation crochet hook to wear to insert the stainless steel wire that the diameter is 0.1mm from the hole parallel that the aperture is 1mm goes up the back and draw tightly directly to tie a knot fixedly, form intensive array mode of arranging at last, make this kind of array mode of arranging play the intensive effect. The arrangement mode of the stainless steel wires in the perforated preform provides a preparation method of the preform for enhancing the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s201, preparing stainless steel wire perforated prefabricated body

S2011, on two aluminum plates which are drilled with holes which are geometrically arranged at intervals of 0.5mm and are uniformly distributed and have the diameter of 1mm and are fixed by nuts, a professional perforating crochet needle is used for parallelly inserting stainless steel wires with the diameter of 0.1mm from the holes with the diameter of 1mm, and then the stainless steel wires are tightened, straightened and knotted for fixation, and a preform prototype with a dense array arrangement mode is formed after winding is finished;

s2012, putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and preparing the stainless steel wire perforated preform after cooling and solidifying for 28-40 min.

The stainless steel wire is parallelly inserted into a plurality of rows of holes with the diameter of 1mm on an aluminum plate by using a professional perforating crochet needle, and then is tensioned, straightened and knotted for fixation, so that the high-strength and high-modulus reinforced fibers keep tensioned tension and bear most of load, after the stainless steel wire is solidified to be made into a prefabricated body, a dark gray annular ribbon-shaped combined layer is formed between the stainless steel wire and the Sn-Bi alloy matrix, the combination is firm, and the fiber reinforcement effect is achieved.

S202, tensile experiment test and scanning electron microscope observation are carried out to characterize the performance of the prefabricated body, and the tensile strength of the stainless steel wire perforated prefabricated body is 84.82MPa, which is improved by 48.81% compared with the tensile strength 57MPa of pure Sn-Bi alloy.

S2021, carrying out a tensile test on the stainless steel wire perforated prefabricated body, measuring the tensile strength of the alloy and comparing the tensile strength with that of the matrix Sn-Bi alloy;

s2022, observing the perforated prefabricated body by a scanning electron microscope, and observing the bonding distribution condition of the alloy interface bonding layer.

Three, stainless steel wire winding frame type prefabricated body

The arrangement mode of the stainless steel wires in the winding frame type prefabricated body is that after the stainless steel plates with the thickness of 1mm are cut and hollowed in the middle, stainless steel wires with the diameter of 0.1mm are wound on the stainless steel plates in a tightening and dense mode with the interval of 0.5mm to serve as fiber reinforced matrixes, and the reinforcement effect is achieved.

The arrangement mode of the stainless steel wires in the winding frame type preform provides a preparation method of the preform for enhancing the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s301, preparing a stainless steel wire frame-wound prefabricated body

S3011, cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1mm by using a wire, and straightening and uniformly winding a stainless steel metal wire with the diameter of 0.1mm on the stainless steel plate after cutting the middle of the stainless steel plate;

s3012, putting the stainless steel wire wound steel plate and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace to be smelted, heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, cooling and solidifying to prepare a frame-wound prefabricated body, wherein the cooling and solidifying time is 28-40 min.

The stainless steel wire is tightly straightened and is uniformly wound on the stainless steel plate, so that the stainless steel wire is kept tight and straight, and the function of reinforcing phase is fully exerted. And then smelting with the bulk Sn-Bi alloy. The two are fully fused to form a good bright white annular bonding layer, and the fiber reinforcement effect is fully embodied.

S302, tensile experiment testing and scanning electron microscope observation are carried out to characterize the performance of the prefabricated body, the tensile strength of the winding frame type prefabricated body is measured to be 81MPa, and compared with the tensile strength 57MPa of pure Sn-Bi alloy, the tensile strength is improved by 42.10%.

S3021, performing a tensile experiment on the stainless steel wire frame-wound prefabricated body, measuring the tensile strength of the alloy and comparing the tensile strength with that of the matrix Sn-Bi alloy;

and S3022, observing the winding frame type preform by using a scanning electron microscope, and observing the bonding distribution condition of the alloy interface bonding layer.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Preparation of Ti wire perforated preform

The invention provides an arrangement mode of titanium wires in a perforated prefabricated body, which is characterized in that: on two fixed aluminum plates of 0.95mm thickness of nut, bore several rows of interval 1mm evenly distributed's diameter and be 1.05 mm's geometric aperture array, the titanium wire preform that the diameter was 1mm high-purity titanium drawing silk parallel interlude gets into the aperture, forms parallel braided structure, evenly arranges, made perforation formula preform rudiment, the titanium wire has played apparent fibre reinforcing effect. And putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 190 ℃, preserving the heat for 27min to fully fuse the Ti wire and the Sn-Bi alloy, and preparing the Ti wire perforated preform after cooling and solidifying for 28 min.

Example 2

Preparation of Ti wire perforated preform

The invention provides an arrangement mode of titanium wires in a perforated prefabricated body, which is characterized in that: on two fixed aluminum plates of thickness 1.05mm of nut, bore several rows of interval 1 mm's evenly distributed's diameter and be 1.2 mm's geometric aperture array, it gets into the aperture to pull the parallel interlude of the high-purity titanium wire drawing silk that the diameter is 1mm, forms the titanium silk preform of parallel braided structure, evenly arranging, has made perforation formula preform rudiment, and the titanium silk has played apparent fibre reinforcing effect. And putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 210 ℃, preserving the heat for 38min to fully fuse the Ti wire and the Sn-Bi alloy, and preparing the Ti wire perforated preform after cooling and solidifying for 40 min.

Example 3

Preparation and characterization of Ti wire perforated preform

The invention provides an arrangement mode of titanium wires in a perforated prefabricated body, which is characterized in that: on two aluminum plates fixed by nuts and with the thickness of 1mm, a plurality of rows of geometric hole arrays which are evenly distributed at intervals of 1mm and have the diameter of 1mm are drilled, high-purity titanium drawing wires with the diameter of 1mm are parallelly inserted into small holes to form titanium wire prefabricated bodies which are parallelly woven and evenly distributed, a perforated prefabricated body prototype is manufactured, and the titanium wires play a significant fiber reinforcement role as shown in figure 1. And putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 200 ℃, preserving the heat for 30min to fully fuse the Ti wire and the Sn-Bi alloy, and preparing the Ti wire perforated preform after cooling and solidifying for 30 min.

The optical electron microscope observation of the structure of the preform shows that a black annular strip bonding layer is formed between the Sn-Bi alloy and the Ti wire, the bonding of the interface bonding layer is firmer, the bonding effect is good, and the optical electron microscope photo of the preform is shown in figure 2.

The tensile test of the preform shows that the tensile strength of the preform is 80.94MPa, which is 42% higher than that of the pure Sn-Bi alloy with the tensile strength of 57MPa, and the tensile stress-strain curve of the preform and the pure Sn-Bi alloy is shown in FIG. 3.

The hardness test of the bonding layer interface and the matrix of the prefabricated body is carried out, the hardness of the bonding layer of the interface is measured to be 120.7HV, the improvement range is 559.56% compared with the hardness of the matrix being 18.3HV, the wire reinforced area structure is a multilayer structure of reinforced wires/bonding layers/soft matrix Sn-Bi alloy, the soft matrix Sn-Bi three-dimensionally surrounds the reinforced wires and the bonding layer to form an excellent interface reinforced structure, and the hardness test chart is shown in figure 4.

Example 4

Preparation of stainless steel wire perforated preform

The invention provides an arrangement mode of stainless steel wires in a perforated prefabricated body, which is characterized in that: on two aluminum plates with the thickness of 0.98mm fixed by nuts, holes with the diameter of 0.85mm are drilled in the aluminum plates with the geometric arrangement interval of 0.5mm and are evenly distributed, a professional perforating crochet needle is used for parallelly inserting stainless steel wires with the diameter of 0.1mm from the holes with the diameter of 0.85mm, then the stainless steel wires are tightened, tied and fixed, finally, a dense array arrangement mode is formed, a stainless steel wire perforating prefabricated body prototype is manufactured, and the array arrangement mode plays a strengthening role, as shown in figure 5. And putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 195 ℃, preserving the heat for 27min to fully fuse the stainless steel wire and the Sn-Bi alloy, and preparing the stainless steel wire perforated preform after cooling and solidifying for 28 min.

Example 5

Preparation of stainless steel wire perforated preform

The invention provides an arrangement mode of stainless steel wires in a perforated prefabricated body, which is characterized in that: on two aluminum plates fixed by nuts and with the thickness of 1.05mm, holes with the diameter of 1.20mm are drilled, wherein the holes are geometrically arranged and are evenly distributed with the interval of 0.5mm, the stainless steel wires with the diameter of 0.1mm are parallelly inserted from the holes with the diameter of 1.20mm by using a professional perforating crochet hook and then are tensioned, straightened and knotted for fixation, and finally, an intensive array arrangement mode is formed, thus a stainless steel wire perforating prefabricated prototype is manufactured, and the array arrangement mode plays a role in reinforcement, as shown in figure 5. And putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 208 ℃, preserving the heat for 38min to ensure that the stainless steel wire and the Sn-Bi alloy are fully fused, and preparing the stainless steel wire perforated preform after cooling and solidification for 40 min.

Example 6

Preparation and characterization of stainless steel wire perforated preform

The invention provides an arrangement mode of stainless steel wires in a perforated prefabricated body, which is characterized in that: on two fixed aluminum plates of thickness for 1mm of nut, bore the hole that the diameter that the interval was 0.5mm evenly distributed was 1mm of geometric arrangement, use professional perforation crochet hook to do the stainless steel wire that the diameter was 0.1mm from the hole parallel interlude that the aperture was 1mm go up the back and draw tight directly to tie a knot fixed, form intensive array mode of arranging at last, made stainless steel wire perforation formula preform rudiment, make this kind of array mode of arranging play the reinforcement, as shown in fig. 5. And putting the preform prototype and the block Sn-Bi alloy into an industrial resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 200 ℃, preserving the heat for 30min to ensure that the stainless steel wire and the Sn-Bi alloy are fully fused, and preparing the stainless steel wire perforated preform after cooling and solidifying for 30 min.

Scanning electron microscope observation is carried out on the perforated preform, and a dark gray annular ribbon-shaped bonding layer is formed between the Sn-Bi alloy and the Ti wire, so that the bonding is firm, the fiber reinforcement effect is achieved, and a scanning electron microscope photo of the preform is shown in figure 6.

The tensile strength of the prefabricated body is 84.82MPa, which is measured by tensile test, compared with 57MPa of pure Sn-Bi alloy, the tensile strength is improved by 48.81 percent. The tensile stress-strain curve pair of the preform with the pure Sn-Bi alloy is shown in FIG. 7.

Example 7

Preparation of stainless steel wire wound frame type preform

The stainless steel wires adopted by the other technical scheme of the invention are arranged in the following modes: on a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 0.98mm prepared by wire cutting, after the middle is cut to be empty, stainless steel metal wires with the diameter of 0.1mm are wound on the stainless steel metal plate at a tight and dense distribution interval of 0.5mm to be used as a fiber reinforced matrix to prepare a preform prototype, the preform prototype and a massive Sn-Bi alloy are put into an industrial resistance furnace to be smelted, the temperature is raised to 193 ℃, the temperature is kept for 27min, the Sn-Bi alloy blocks and the stainless steel wires are fully fused and then cooled and solidified to prepare a frame-wound preform, and the cooling and solidifying time is 28 min.

Example 8

Preparation of stainless steel wire wound frame type preform

The stainless steel wires adopted by the other technical scheme of the invention are arranged in the following modes: on a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1.05mm prepared by wire cutting, after the middle is cut to be empty, stainless steel metal wires with the diameter of 0.1mm are wound on the stainless steel metal plate at the interval of 0.5mm in a stretched and densely distributed manner to be used as a fiber reinforced matrix to prepare a preform prototype as shown in figure 8, the preform prototype and a massive Sn-Bi alloy are put into an industrial resistance furnace to be smelted, the temperature is raised to 210 ℃, then the temperature is kept for 38min, the Sn-Bi alloy block and the stainless steel wires are fully fused and then cooled and solidified to prepare a frame-wound preform, and the cooling and solidifying time is 40 min.

Example 9

Preparation and characterization of stainless steel wire frame-wound prefabricated body

The stainless steel wires adopted by the other technical scheme of the invention are arranged in the following modes: on a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1mm prepared by wire cutting, after the middle is cut to be empty, stainless steel metal wires with the diameter of 0.1mm are wound on the stainless steel metal plate at the interval of 0.5mm in a stretched and densely distributed manner to be used as a fiber reinforced matrix to prepare a preform prototype, the preform prototype and a block Sn-Bi alloy are put into an industrial resistance furnace to be smelted, the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30min, the Sn-Bi alloy block and the stainless steel wires are fully fused and then cooled and solidified to prepare a frame-wound preform, and the cooling and solidifying time is 30 min.

Scanning electron microscope observation is carried out on the structure of the preform, a single stainless steel wire and the Sn-Bi alloy matrix structure are better fused, a transition bonding layer between the stainless steel wire and the Sn-Bi alloy matrix structure is shown to be in a bright white annular banded structure and is distributed at an interface, the interface bonding effect is obvious, the stainless steel wire plays a remarkable fiber reinforcing effect, and a scanning electron microscope photo of the preform is shown in fig. 9.

The tensile test of the preform shows that the tensile strength of the preform is 81MPa, the tensile strength of the preform is improved by 42.10% compared with the tensile strength of 57MPa of the pure Sn-Bi alloy, and a tensile stress-strain comparison curve chart of the preform and the pure Sn-Bi alloy is shown in FIG. 10.

In summary, the preform preparation method for enhancing the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy adopts the fiber reinforcement principle, uses Ti wires and stainless steel wires as reinforcing fibers, forms different arrangement modes in the preform, forms reasonable stress distribution conditions of the reinforcing fibers, and is combined with a pure Sn-Bi alloy matrix to form a good bonding layer. The strength and the elastic modulus of the Ti wire and the stainless steel wire are far higher than those of the Sn-Bi alloy, so that the Ti wire and the stainless steel wire can bear larger stress, and the interface bonding strength between the reinforced fiber and the matrix interface is good, so that the load borne by the pure Sn-Bi alloy is transmitted to the fiber through the interface, the brittle fracture of the fiber is prevented, the stress directions of the reinforced fiber and the pure Sn-Bi alloy are consistent, and the fiber reinforcement effect can be better exerted. The Ti wires and the stainless steel wires are used as reinforcing phases, so that the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy is greatly improved, the defects of soft quality and low tensile strength of the Sn-Bi alloy are overcome, the serviceability of the Sn-Bi alloy in various working environments is improved, and another innovative idea is provided for further improving the performance of the Sn-Bi alloy.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.