阅读说明：本技术 一种可轴向浮动的射频同轴接触件及连接器 (Radio frequency coaxial contact element capable of axially floating and connector ) 是由 肖顺群 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可轴向浮动的射频同轴接触件,包括针式接触件和孔式接触件,所述针式接触件包括针式本体,所述孔式接触件包括孔式本体,所述针式本体的一端呈环状排列设置若干弹性臂,所述若干弹性臂围成的腔体的中心设有针式端子；所述孔式本体的一端的中间部设有孔式端子,所述孔式端子的周围非接触套设有金属套筒；当所述针式接触件和孔式接触件插合时,所述针式端子插入所述孔式端子的腔体内,若干所述弹性臂与所述金属套筒的内壁弹性接触。本发明提出一种可轴向浮动的射频同轴接触件,针式接触件的针式端子和孔式接触件的金属套筒均采取宽窄径的阶梯结构,实现了轴向运动虽然引起机械基准面发生变化,但不会影响阻抗发生变化。(The invention discloses a radio frequency coaxial contact element capable of axially floating, which comprises a pin contact element and a hole contact element, wherein the pin contact element comprises a pin body, the hole contact element comprises a hole body, one end of the pin body is annularly provided with a plurality of elastic arms, and the center of a cavity surrounded by the elastic arms is provided with a pin terminal; the middle part of one end of the hole type body is provided with a hole type terminal, and a metal sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the hole type terminal in a non-contact manner; when the pin contact element and the hole contact element are inserted, the pin terminal is inserted into the cavity of the hole terminal, and the elastic arms are in elastic contact with the inner wall of the metal sleeve. The invention provides an axial floating radio frequency coaxial contact, wherein a pin terminal of a pin contact and a metal sleeve of a hole contact both adopt a wide-diameter and narrow-diameter stepped structure, so that the change of the mechanical reference surface caused by axial movement is realized, but the change of the impedance is not influenced.)

1. The radio frequency coaxial contact capable of floating axially comprises a pin contact (1) and a hole contact (2), wherein the pin contact (1) comprises a pin body (14), and the hole contact (2) comprises a hole body (24), and is characterized in that a plurality of elastic arms (11) are annularly arranged at one end of the pin body (14), and a pin terminal (12) is arranged in the center of a cavity surrounded by the elastic arms (11); the middle part of one end of the hole type body (24) is provided with a hole type terminal (22), and a metal sleeve (21) is sleeved on the periphery of the hole type terminal (22) in a non-contact manner; when the pin contact (1) and the hole contact (2) are inserted, the pin terminal (12) is inserted into the cavity of the hole terminal (22), and the elastic arms (11) are elastically contacted with the inner wall of the metal sleeve (21).

2. An axially floatable rf coaxial contact according to claim 1, wherein the impedance of the pin contact (1) and the socket contact (2) is constant when axially inserted or separated.

3. An axially floatable radio frequency coaxial contact according to claim 2, characterized in that the pin terminal (12) comprises a plug part (121) remote from the pin body (14) and a connection part (122) connecting the pin body (14), the diameter of the plug part (121) being larger than the diameter of the connection part (122).

4. An axially floatable RF coaxial contact according to claim 3, wherein the metal sleeve (21) comprises a narrow portion (211) remote from the socket body (24) and a wide portion (212) connecting the socket body (24), the narrow portion (211) having a smaller diameter than the wide portion (212), the resilient arms (11) mating with the narrow portion (211).

5. An axially floatable RF coaxial contact according to claim 4, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the ratio of the inner diameter of the narrow portion (211) to the outer diameter of the spigot portion (121) and the ratio of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of resilient arms (11) to the outer diameter of the connecting portion (122) is 1 or less.

6. An axially floatable RF coaxial contact according to claim 4, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the ratio of the inner diameter of the narrow portion (211) to the outer diameter of the spigot portion (121) and the ratio of the inner diameter of the wide portion (212) to the outer diameter of the female terminal (22) is 1 or less.

7. An axially floatable RF coaxial contact according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the inner diameter of the narrow portion (211) to the outer diameter of the male portion (121), the ratio of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of resilient arms (11) to the outer diameter of the connecting portion (122), and the ratio of the inner diameter of the wide portion (212) to the outer diameter of the female terminal (22) are equal.

8. An axially floatable RF coaxial contact according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein the end of the connecting portion (122) remote from the mating portion (121) is fixed to the pin body (14), and the ends of the plurality of resilient arms (11) remote from the pin body (14) extend to the interface between the mating portion (121) and the connecting portion (122); an end of the female terminal (22) remote from the female body (24) extends to a junction of the narrow portion (211) and the wide portion (212).

9. An axially floatable RF coaxial contact according to any one of claims 3-7, wherein the pin contact (1) and the socket contact (2) are axially separated by a distance less than the length of the plug portion (121).

10. An axially floatable radio frequency coaxial connector comprising a plug connector (3) and a socket connector (4), characterized in that the plug connector (3) is array mounted with pin contacts (1) according to any one of claims 1-7 and the socket connector (4) is array mounted with socket contacts (2) according to any one of claims 1-7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency connectors, in particular to a radio frequency coaxial contact element capable of axially floating and a connector.

Background

Currently, the rf connector may be used for interconnection between circuit boards, between rf modules, or between circuit boards and rf modules. In the prior art, a blind plugging mode is usually adopted to connect the connector, the plugging mode has higher requirement on the position precision of the contact element in the connector, if the position of a specific contact element is not aligned, concentrated stress is generated between the plate and the module to cause deformation, normal plugging and unplugging between the plate and the module are affected, and then the product is scrapped or the service life is reduced. In order to solve the above problems, a connector having an axial or radial floating structure may be provided, so that the connector can still ensure stable contact of the contact and electrical connection with the contact under the condition of position deviation.

The current common structure for realizing the axial floating of the connector is to realize the axial compensation between each contact by using a compression spring so as to avoid the change of the mechanical datum plane to cause the change of the electrical performance, but the radio frequency connector (or the contact) with the spring has the following use problems: (1) the radio frequency connector or the contact provided with the spring needs to provide a force other than a plugging force to compress the spring in the plugging process, and for the connector comprising dozens of or even hundreds of radio frequency contacts, dozens or hundreds of springs undoubtedly increase the plugging difficulty, so that the plugging operation is difficult to realize; (2) even if the electrical element comprising a plurality of radio frequency connectors is inserted on a circuit board or a module, the elastic force is applied to the other substrate through a substrate connecting terminal sheet, and the electrical element is deformed under the action of a plurality of spring forces, so that the service life is influenced; (3) although the spring provides the axial floating distance of the contact during use, the change of the relative position of the contact in the axial direction will inevitably cause the change of the impedance in the connector, thereby influencing the signal transmission performance of the connector.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides the radio frequency coaxial contact element capable of axially floating, which is simple in structure, convenient to plug and pull and capable of ensuring impedance matching.

A radio frequency coaxial contact capable of floating axially comprises a pin contact and a hole contact, wherein the pin contact comprises a pin body, the hole contact comprises a hole body, one end of the pin body is annularly provided with a plurality of elastic arms, and the center of a cavity defined by the elastic arms is provided with a pin terminal; the middle part of one end of the hole type body is provided with a hole type terminal, and a metal sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the hole type terminal in a non-contact manner; when the pin contact element and the hole contact element are inserted, the pin terminal is inserted into the cavity of the hole terminal, and the elastic arms are in elastic contact with the inner wall of the metal sleeve.

Preferably, the pin contacts and the socket contacts have a constant impedance when axially inserted or separated.

Preferably, the pin terminal comprises a plug part far away from the pin body and a connecting part connected with the pin body, and the diameter of the plug part is larger than that of the connecting part.

Preferably, the metal sleeve comprises a narrow portion remote from the socket body and a wide portion connecting the socket body, the diameter of the narrow portion being smaller than the diameter of the wide portion, the resilient arms being matched to the narrow portion.

Preferably, the absolute value of the difference between the ratio of the inner diameter of the narrow part to the outer diameter of the inserting part and the ratio of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of elastic arms to the outer diameter of the connecting part is less than or equal to 1.

Preferably, an absolute value of a difference between a ratio of the inner diameter of the narrow portion to the outer diameter of the male portion and a ratio of the inner diameter of the wide portion to the outer diameter of the female terminal is 1 or less.

Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter of the narrow portion to the outer diameter of the plug portion, the ratio of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of elastic arms to the outer diameter of the plug portion, and the ratio of the inner diameter of the wide portion to the outer diameter of the female terminal are equal.

Preferably, one end of the connecting part, which is far away from the inserting part, is fixed on the needle type body, and one ends of the elastic arms, which are far away from the needle type body, extend to the junction of the inserting part and the connecting part; one end of the female terminal far away from the female body extends to the junction of the narrow part and the wide part.

Preferably, the pin contact and the socket contact are axially separated by a distance less than the length of the mating part; the pin contact and the hole contact are axially pulled out after being completely inserted, and the separated length L1 is only less than the axial length (electric friction distance) of the insertion part, and the elastic arm always keeps contact with the narrow part of the metal sleeve in the pulling-out process, so that the interconnection performance of the microwave can be ensured in the state.

An axially floatable radio frequency coaxial connector comprising a plug connector array mounted with pin contacts according to any of claims 1-7 and a receptacle connector array mounted with socket contacts according to any of claims 1-7.

The structural design of the radio frequency coaxial contact element is based on the following principle:

in the field of rf connector technology, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) is an important parameter for measuring impedance matching in a connector, and the larger the VSWR is, the poorer the impedance matching between two connectors is; equation (1) of the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR is expressed as follows:

wherein r is the reflection coefficient;

when the VSWR is 1, it indicates that the impedances at the two ends of the rf connector are completely matched, and at this time, the signal is completely radiated out, and there is no reflection loss of the signal; when the VSWR is infinite, it indicates that the signal is totally reflected and the signal is not radiated at all. Therefore, in order to realize impedance matching as much as possible, that is, the value of VSWR tends to 1, the value of the reflection coefficient f is required to tend to 0; formula (2) of the reflection coefficient f is represented as follows:

wherein Z is₀Is a characteristic impedance, Z_LIs the load impedance;

characteristic impedance Z₀Impedance required for electrical components, and load impedance Z_LIs that the radio frequency connector is in the process of pluggingResulting impedance, load impedance Z of coaxial RF connector according to the inventive structure_LThe formula (3) of (a) is as follows:

wherein epsilon_yIs a constant, D is the outer conductor inner diameter, and D is the inner conductor outer diameter.

In order to make the value of the reflection coefficient f approach 0, the characteristic impedance Z needs to be made₀Equal to the load impedance Z_LDue to characteristic impedance Z₀The ratio of the inner diameter D of the outer conductor to the outer diameter D of the inner conductor can be derived from equation (3) for known quantities. Based on the ratio (D/D), the pin contact and the hole contact of the radio frequency coaxial contact provided by the invention have the advantages that the pin terminal of the pin contact and the metal sleeve of the hole contact are in wide and narrow diameter step structures, so that the load impedance of the pin body structure is basically kept stable even if the electrical appliance reference surface is changed in the state that the pin terminal and the metal sleeve of the hole contact are axially separated, and the signal transmission performance is ensured.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides an axial floating radio frequency coaxial contact, the structure design of which is based on the principle that the load impedance approaches to the characteristic impedance in the state that the contact is inserted or separated, so that the voltage standing wave ratio approaches to 1, the pin terminal of the pin contact and the metal sleeve of the hole contact both adopt a wide-narrow diameter ladder structure, and the two ends of the contact can cause the mechanical reference surface to change when moving axially, but the impedance can not be influenced to change, thereby obtaining an axial floating space on the basis of ensuring the electrical performance.

The invention provides an axially floating radio frequency coaxial contact which is widely applied to array radio frequency connectors, and due to the fact that the arrangement of a spring is eliminated in the structure, the plugging difficulty of the connector is greatly reduced, and deformation damage of acting force of the spring to electrical elements is avoided. The invention adopts the elastic contact of the elastic arm and the metal sleeve, takes the sleeve joint of the hole type terminal and the pin type terminal as the guide, can realize the large-range axial compensation, and still ensures the signal transmission performance of the product, and the separation distance is limited by the length of the plugging part of the hole type terminal.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pin contact;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a female contact;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pin terminal;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a metal sleeve;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the inner diameter of the outer conductor and the outer diameter of the inner conductor in the pin contact;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner diameter of the outer conductor and the outer diameter of the inner conductor in the female contact;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pin contact and a socket contact fully mated;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a pin contact and a socket contact not fully mated;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a plug connector containing a plurality of pin contacts;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a receptacle connector containing a plurality of female contacts.

In the figure: 1-pin contact, 11-spring arm, 12-pin terminal, 121-plug part, 122-connecting part, 13-dielectric A, 14-pin body, 2-hole contact, 21-metal sleeve, 211-narrow part, 212-wide part, 22-hole terminal, 23-dielectric B, 24-hole body, 3-plug connector, 4-socket connector and A-mechanical reference surface.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-8, an axially floating rf coaxial contact includes a pin contact 1 and a hole contact 2, the pin contact 1 includes a pin body 14, the hole contact 2 includes a hole body 24, one end of the pin body 14 is annularly arranged with a plurality of elastic arms 11, and a pin terminal 12 is disposed in the center of a cavity surrounded by the elastic arms 11; pin terminal 12 includes a mating part 121 distal from pin body 14 and a connecting part 122 connecting pin body 14, the diameter of mating part 121 being greater than the diameter of connecting part 122.

The middle part of one end of the hole type body 24 is provided with a hole type terminal 22, and the joint of the hole type terminal 22 and the hole type body 24 is provided with a dielectric body B23; the periphery of the female terminal 22 is sleeved with a metal sleeve 21 in a non-contact manner; the female terminal 22 and the metal sleeve 21 are coaxially arranged; the metal sleeve 21 comprises a narrow portion 211 remote from the socket body 24 and a wide portion 212 connecting the socket body 24, the diameter of the narrow portion 211 being smaller than the diameter of the wide portion 212, the resilient arms 11 matching the narrow portion 211.

One end of the connecting part 122 far away from the inserting part 121 is fixed on the needle body 14, and a medium body A13 is arranged at the connecting part of the connecting part 122 and the needle body 14; one end of the elastic arms 11 away from the needle body 14 extends to the junction of the plug part 121 and the connecting part 122; an end of the female terminal 22 remote from the female body 24 extends to the intersection of the narrow portion 211 and the wide portion 212.

When the pin contact 1 and the socket contact 2 are inserted, the pin terminal 12 is inserted into the cavity of the socket terminal 22, i.e. the inner conductor is in electrical contact, and the plurality of resilient arms 11 are in resilient contact with the inner wall of the narrow portion 211 of the metal sleeve 21, i.e. the outer conductor is in electrical contact.

In this embodiment, the ratio D3/D3 of the inner diameter of the narrow portion 211 to the outer diameter of the mating part 121 is close to the ratio D1/D2 of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of elastic arms 11 to the outer diameter of the connecting part 122, i.e., | D3/D3-D1/D2| ≦ 1, so as to ensure that the impedance of the mating part of the pin contact 1 and the socket contact 2 is close to the characteristic impedance of the pin contact 1.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the ratio D3/D3 of the inner diameter of the narrow portion 211 to the outer diameter of the mating portion 121 is close to the ratio D1/D2 of the inner diameter of the wide portion 212 to the outer diameter of the female terminal 22, i.e., | D3/D3-D1/D2| ≦ 1, so as to ensure that the impedance of the mating portion of the male contact 1 and the female contact 2 is close to the characteristic impedance of the female contact 2; the other structure is the same as embodiment 1.

Example 3

The ratio D3/D3 of the inner diameter of the narrow part 211 to the outer diameter of the plug part 121, the ratio D1/D2 of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of elastic arms 11 to the outer diameter of the connecting part 122 are equal to the ratio D1/D2 of the inner diameter of the wide part 212 to the outer diameter of the female terminal 22, namely (D3/D3) ═ (D1/D2) ═ D1/D2; the other structure is the same as embodiment 1. In this embodiment, D3/D3, D1/D2 and D1/D2 are all the same in the most ideal state, and impedance matching can be ensured in the fully inserted and non-fully inserted states of the two-terminal contacts. The impedance is not changed when the pin contact 1 and the hole contact 2 are axially inserted or separated.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, an axially floating rf coaxial connector includes a plug connector 3 and a receptacle connector 4, the plug connector 3 is mounted with the pin contacts 1 of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, and the receptacle connector 4 is mounted with the hole contacts 2 of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 or embodiment 3.

The working principle is as follows:

taking the embodiment 3 as an example, as can be seen from fig. 7, in the fully inserted state of the pin contact 1 and the socket contact 2, the inserting portion 121 of the pin terminal 12 is fully inserted into the cavity of the socket terminal 22, and the elastic arm 11 of the pin contact 1 is elastically contacted with the narrow portion 211 of the metal sleeve 21 of the socket contact 2; at this time, the ratio D1/D2 of the inner diameter of the wide portion 212 to the outer diameter of the female terminal 22 is the same as the ratio D1/D2 of the inner diameter of the cavity formed by the plurality of elastic arms 11 to the outer diameter of the connecting portion 122, and it can be known from the formula (3) that the load impedances of the pin contact 1 and the female contact 2 are the same, and the mechanical reference surface is at a;

as shown in fig. 8, when the pin contact 1 and the socket contact 2 are separated from each other, the mechanical reference surface a is changed by a distance L1, and the distance by which the mating part 121 of the pin terminal 12 is pulled out from the socket terminal 22 is also L1; in the structure of the invention, the ratio D3/D3 of the inner diameter of the narrow part 211 to the outer diameter of the inserting part 121 is the same as D1/D2 and D1/D2, which can be calculated according to the formula (3), even when the two ends of the contact are separated, the load can still be ensuredThe impedance is consistent; will characteristic impedance Z₀And a load impedance Z_LSubstituting into equation (2) can finally obtain a target state where the VSWR approaches 1. It should be noted that the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR in the structure of the present invention can be as low as 1.2 due to the existence of tolerance.

According to the invention, the pin type contact 1 and the hole type contact 2 can realize matching of load impedance and characteristic impedance by adjusting the ratio of the inner diameter of the outer conductor to the outer diameter of the inner conductor, and meanwhile, the stepped structures of the thick diameter and the narrow diameter of the pin type terminal and the metal sleeve are designed, so that impedance matching can be still realized at the changed part in the separation process of the pin type contact 1 and the hole type contact 2, and the transmission performance of signals is ensured.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.