阅读说明：本技术 聚能水压爆破的炮眼装药结构 (Blast hole charging structure for energy-gathered water pressure blasting ) 是由 孙晓飞 石琦 谢锦华 徐志宁 黄建波 于 2021-09-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种聚能水压爆破的炮眼装药结构,包括若干开设于围岩上的炮眼,炮眼包括有周边眼、辅助眼、底板眼和掏槽眼,炮眼的眼口处设置有封孔炮泥,辅助眼、底板眼和掏槽眼三者的眼孔内依次设有第一水袋、第一炸药和第二水袋；所述周边眼的炮眼内设置有聚能爆破管。通过采用上述技术方案,具有降低隧道掘进的超挖量的作用,同时提高炸药的能量利用率和炮眼的利用率。(The invention relates to a blasthole charging structure for energy-gathering water pressure blasting, which comprises a plurality of blastholes arranged on surrounding rocks, wherein each blasthole comprises a peripheral hole, an auxiliary hole, a bottom plate hole and a cutting hole; and energy-gathering blasting tubes are arranged in the blastholes of the peripheral holes. By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the effect of reducing the over-excavation amount of tunneling, and simultaneously improves the energy utilization rate of the explosive and the utilization rate of the blast hole.)

1. A blasthole charging structure for energy-gathering water pressure blasting comprises a plurality of blastholes arranged on surrounding rocks, wherein each blasthole comprises a peripheral hole, an auxiliary hole, a bottom plate hole and a cutting hole, and is characterized in that hole sealing stemming (4) is arranged at the hole opening of each blasthole, and a first water bag (1), a first explosive (2) and a second water bag (3) are sequentially arranged in the holes of the auxiliary holes, the bottom plate holes and the cutting holes; and energy-gathering blasting tubes (5) are arranged in blastholes of the peripheral holes.

2. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the shaped charge (5) is provided with a hole bottom connection (8), said hole bottom connection (8) being provided with at least one coil of a second explosive.

3. A shaped charge arrangement for water pressure blasts as in claim 2 in which said second explosive is provided with a first means for initiating explosive, the feedthroughs of said first means for initiating explosive extending out of said peripheral hole.

4. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves of the shaped charge (5) are oriented in correspondence with the tunnel contour.

5. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole explosive according to claim 3, characterized in that said shaped charge (5) is provided with at least two sets of centering members (6), the peripheral contour of said centering members (6) being arranged in correspondence with the contour of said peripheral holes.

6. A shaped charge configuration for water pressure blastholes according to claim 5 characterized in that said centering member (6) is located at the end of said shaped charge (5) near said bottom hole connection (8).

7. The shaped charge configuration for a blasthole of hydraulic blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that a positioning member (7) is sleeved on one end of the shaped blasting tube (5) far away from the hole bottom connecting member (8), and the cross section of the outline of the positioning member (7) is rectangular.

8. A shaped charge arrangement for a blasthole explosive according to claim 1, characterised in that said shaped charge (5) is a D-tube with an outer diameter of 30-35mm and a length of at least 2000 mm.

9. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole for water pressure blasting according to claim 8, characterized in that the interior of the shaped charge (5) is continuously loaded with explosives in a non-coupled charge configuration, the charge per meter of the interior of the shaped charge (5) being set at 500 g.

10. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole explosive according to claim 3, characterized in that each of said shaped explosive tubes (5) is provided with at least two sets of second detonating means, said second detonating means being wired in parallel, said shaped explosive tubes (5) being wired in series.

11. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole explosive by hydraulic pressure cumulative blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that said sealing stemming (4) has a length of at least 500 mm.

12. The charge structure for a blasthole drilled by energy-gathered hydraulic pressure blasting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the peripheral holes is set to 400-450mm when tunneling IV-V type surrounding rocks, and is set to 500-650mm when tunneling I-II type surrounding rocks.

13. A shaped charge configuration for water pressure blastholes as defined in claim 1 in which said line of least resistance of the bottoms of said peripheral holes is disposed between 1.2 and 1.4 times the spacing between said peripheral holes.

14. A shaped charge configuration for a blasthole explosive by water pressure cumulative blasting as set forth in claim 13, wherein said concentration coefficient for said peripheral cells is set to less than 1.

15. A shaped charge arrangement for water pressure blasts according to claim 1 characterized in that the length of said first water bag (1) is smaller than the length of said second water bag (3).

16. A shaped charge arrangement for hydraulic blasting of blastholes according to claim 1, characterized in that the first explosive (2) is provided as an uncoupled charge arrangement.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel tunneling, in particular to a shot hole charging structure for energy-gathered water pressure blasting.

Background

Along with the rapid development of economy and the continuous development of road construction, the construction of subway, tunnel is also constantly going on, and when the engineering blasting, at present adopts conventional smooth blasting more, and conventional smooth blasting construction principle does:

the water pressure blasting of the engineering, because there is water in the blasthole, the shock wave that propagates in water is incompressible to water, the blast energy is transmitted to the peri-rock of the blasthole through the water and almost has no loss, help the rock to break; the 'water wedge' effect generated by water under the expansion action of the explosive gas is beneficial to further breaking the rock; the stemming is solid and has high density compared with soil, and expansion gas is better than the soil in the aspect of inhibiting from rushing out of a blast hole opening; the water in the blast hole and the water in the stemming can play the role of atomization and dust reduction, thereby greatly reducing the pollution of dust to the environment.

However, the existing tunneling mode is difficult to control the stress peak value of the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock is easily damaged excessively under the water wedge effect, so that the surrounding rock is seriously overetched, and the energy utilization rate and the blast hole utilization rate of the explosive are low.

Disclosure of Invention

To the not enough that prior art exists, the purpose of this application is to provide the big gun hole loaded constitution that gathers that water pressure explodes, has the effect that reduces the super volume of digging of tunnel tunnelling, improves the energy utilization of explosive and the utilization ratio of big gun hole simultaneously.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a kind of round charge structure of blast hole which can gather the energy and water pressure to blast, including several round holes that are set up on the country rock, the said round hole includes peripheral hole, auxiliary eye, bottom plate eye and draw the slot hole, characterized by that, there are hole sealing stemming at the eye opening of the said round hole, said auxiliary eye, said bottom plate eye and draw the slot hole three eyes have first water bag, first explosive and second water bag sequentially; and energy-gathering blasting tubes are arranged in the blastholes of the peripheral holes.

By adopting the technical scheme, the peripheral holes, the auxiliary holes and the cut holes are distinguished, the auxiliary holes and the cut holes are used as a main explosion area for tunneling, the peripheral holes are used as a forming area for forming a tunnel, only the effect of breaking rocks needs to be achieved in the main explosion area, a new free surface is added for blasting the peripheral holes, the clamping effect caused by surrounding rocks is reduced, the first explosive is surrounded by the first water bag and the second water bag, hole sealing is carried out at the hole opening of the main explosion area through hole sealing stemming, the expansion gas generated after the first explosive is exploded is prevented from rushing out of the blast holes, and due to the fact that the impact wave transmitted in water by the water wedge effect after explosion is incompressible to water, the explosion energy is transmitted to the surrounding rocks through water without damage, the surrounding rocks are broken, and the energy utilization rate of the explosive is improved. The energy-accumulating blasting pipes are arranged in the peripheral holes, so that the pressure in different directions can be greatly changed, the pressure of blasting gas in the energy-accumulating direction can be increased to about 5 times of the pressure in the non-energy-accumulating direction, the blasting is controlled, the formation of a fracture surface in the connecting line direction of the blast hole is enhanced, and the overbreak amount of the surrounding rock is reduced; meanwhile, water body assistance is not needed, so that the blasting effect is more controllable, and the utilization rate of the blast hole is improved.

The invention is further configured to: the bottom of the energy-gathered blasting tube is provided with a hole bottom connecting piece, and the hole bottom connecting piece is provided with at least one roll of second explosive.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hole bottom connecting piece connects the energy-gathered blasting tube and the second explosive into a whole, so that the second explosive can be used as a reinforcing agent of the energy-gathered blasting tube; meanwhile, the energy-gathered blasting tube and the second explosive are matched with each other, the condition of the blind gun is reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the explosive is improved.

The invention is further configured to: the second explosive is provided with a first detonation device, and a lead of the first detonation device extends out of the peripheral hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first detonation device is used as a detonation material, and the second explosive is detonated by the action of the detonation material, so that the condition of a blind shot is avoided.

The invention is further configured to: the groove orientation of the energy-gathered blasting tube corresponds to the contour line of the tunnel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the energy-gathering direction of the energy-gathering blasting tube is aligned to the contour line of the tunnel, and then directional blasting is carried out on the surrounding rock, so that the free surface of the tunnel is more accurately formed, and the overexcavation amount in the tunneling process of the tunnel is reduced.

The invention is further configured to: the energy-gathered blasting pipe sleeve is provided with at least two groups of centering pieces, and the peripheral outline of each centering piece is consistent with the outline of the peripheral hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the energy-gathered blasting tube is ensured to be positioned in the center of the peripheral holes, and the blasting effect of the energy-gathered blasting tube is convenient to control.

The invention is further configured to: the centering piece is positioned at one end of the energy-gathered blasting tube close to the hole bottom connecting piece.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the energy-gathered blasting pipes are centered, the energy-gathered blasting pipes in the peripheral holes are limited by constructors.

The invention is further configured to: one end of the energy-gathered blasting tube, which is far away from the hole bottom connecting piece, is sleeved with a positioning piece, and the cross section of the outline of the positioning piece is arranged in a rectangular shape.

By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning piece circumferentially limits the energy-accumulating blasting pipes in the peripheral holes, and particularly limits the energy-accumulating blasting pipes when the energy-accumulating directions of the energy-accumulating blasting pipes are aligned to the contour line of the tunnel, so that the blasting accuracy of the energy-accumulating blasting pipes is facilitated, and the stability of the energy-accumulating blasting pipes is improved.

The invention is further configured to: the energy-gathering blasting tube is a D-shaped tube, the outer diameter of the D-shaped tube is 30-35mm, and the length of the D-shaped tube is at least 2000 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the exploded products scatter, the exploded products are firstly concentrated towards the axis in the pipe and are converged into an air flow with higher speed and pressure, namely the energy-gathered air flow. The energy of the explosive is concentrated on the smaller area of the groove, so that the energy-gathering effect is greatly improved, and the function of controlling the blasting effect is also played.

The invention is further configured to: the explosive is continuously loaded in the energy-gathered blasting tube in a non-coupled explosive loading structure, and the explosive loading per meter in the energy-gathered blasting tube is set to be 500 g.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cost of tunneling is reduced when the explosion effect is achieved.

The invention is further configured to: each energy-gathered blasting tube is provided with at least two groups of second detonating devices, the second detonating devices are connected in parallel, and the energy-gathered blasting tubes are connected in series.

By adopting the technical scheme, the risk of single detonator detonation is reduced, and each energy-gathered blasting tube can smoothly crush the surrounding rock; meanwhile, the explosive alignment performance among the energy-gathered blasting pipes is ensured.

The invention is further configured to: the length of the hole sealing stemming is at least 500 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, in order to block the hole opening of the blasthole, the blasthole is sealed, the blasthole is prevented from being flushed by the explosive or the expansion gas generated after the energy-gathered blasting tube is blasted, and the blasting effect is improved.

The invention is further configured to: when the IV-V type surrounding rock is tunneled, the distance between the peripheral holes is set to be 450mm, and when the I-III type surrounding rock is tunneled, the distance between the peripheral holes is set to be 650 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the IV-V type surrounding rock is broken, and the distance between the peripheral eyes is smaller, so that the breaking of the surrounding rock is facilitated. The I-III type surrounding rock is complete and beneficial to blasting by explosives, and the larger the distance between the surrounding holes is, the tunneling cost is reduced.

The invention is further configured to: the line of least resistance of the perimeter eye floor is set between 1.2-1.4 times the perimeter eye spacing.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hole bottoms of the peripheral holes are greatly increased in resistance ratio to the hole pitch of the hole orifices, which needs to be overcome in different directions, and the concentrated hole bottom powder charge with large dosage is needed to ensure footage during on-site actual powder charge.

The invention is further configured to: the density coefficient of the peripheral eyes is set to be less than 1.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can increase the roughness on tunnel surface, do benefit to and form the plain noodles in the country rock.

The invention is further configured to: the length of the first water bag is smaller than the length of the second water bag.

By adopting the technical scheme, the second water bag and the hole sealing stemming play a role in sealing the opening of the blasthole together.

The invention is further configured to: the first explosive is arranged into a non-coupled charge structure.

By adopting the technical scheme, the initial pressure peak value acting on the hole walls of the peripheral holes is weakened, the acting time of gas products is prolonged, and the blasting effect is improved.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the peripheral holes, the auxiliary holes and the cut holes are distinguished, the auxiliary holes and the cut holes are used as a main explosion area for tunneling, the peripheral holes are used as a forming area for forming the tunnel, the main explosion area only needs to achieve the effect of breaking rocks, a new free surface is added for blasting the peripheral holes, the clamping effect caused by surrounding rocks is reduced, the first explosive is surrounded by the first water bag and the second water bag, hole sealing is carried out at the hole opening of the main explosion area through hole sealing stemming, the expansion gas generated after the first explosive explodes is inhibited from rushing out of a blast hole, and due to the fact that the impact wave transmitted in water by the water wedge effect after explosion is not compressible to water, the explosion energy is transmitted to the surrounding rocks through water without damage, the surrounding rocks are broken, and the energy utilization rate of the explosive is improved;

2. the energy-accumulating blasting pipes are arranged in the peripheral holes, so that the pressure in different directions can be greatly changed, the pressure of blasting gas in the energy-accumulating direction can be increased to about 5 times of that in the non-energy-accumulating direction, the blasting is controlled, the formation of a fracture surface in the blast hole connecting line direction is enhanced, and the over-excavation amount of surrounding rocks is reduced; meanwhile, water body assistance is not needed, so that the blasting effect is more controllable, and the utilization rate of the blast hole is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the charge structure of the auxiliary hole, the bottom plate hole and the cut hole in the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the charge configuration of the perimeter eye of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shaped charge of the present embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic layout of the peripheral eye and the nearest inner ring of the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a first water bag; 2. a first explosive charge; 3. a second water bag; 4. hole sealing stemming; 5. an energy-accumulating blasting tube; 6. a centering member; 7. a positioning member; 8. a hole bottom connector.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the exemplary embodiments, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In addition, if a detailed description of the known art is not necessary to show the features of the present invention, it is omitted.

The embodiments are described in such detail as to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention without the need for inventive faculty. Embodiments may be one or more, as the case may be, to support the intended scope.

The detailed description of the invention of the product pair should be taken in conjunction with the drawings to describe the mechanical structure of the product in detail, to illustrate the interrelationship between the components, such as the connection, cooperation, etc., and if necessary, the operation process or operation steps thereof. In the method, the process conditions are written in addition to the steps described in the specification.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the blasthole charging structure for energy-gathering water pressure blasting disclosed by the invention comprises peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, baseplate holes and cut holes which are formed in surrounding rocks, wherein a first water bag 1, a first explosive 2 and a second water bag 3 are sequentially arranged in the blastholes of the auxiliary holes, the baseplate holes and the cut holes, the first explosive 2 is of a continuous non-coupled structure, energy-gathering blasting pipes 5 are arranged in the blastholes of the peripheral holes, hole sealing stemming 4 is arranged at the eye mouths of the peripheral holes, the baseplate holes, the auxiliary holes and the cut holes, and the length of the hole sealing stemming 4 is at least 500mm and can be selected as 500 mm. By adopting the technical scheme, the crushing of surrounding rocks is facilitated, and the energy utilization rate of the explosive is improved; meanwhile, the energy-accumulating blasting pipes 5 are arranged in the peripheral holes, and the energy-accumulating blasting pipes 5 can greatly change the pressure in different directions, so that the blasting is controlled, the formation of fracture surfaces in the connecting line direction of the blast holes is further enhanced, and the over-excavation amount of surrounding rocks is reduced.

Alternatively, the first water bag 1 is configured as a water-saving bag, the second water bag 3 is configured as a water-saving bag, the water bags are tightly attached to each other, the length of the first water bag 1 is smaller than that of the second water bag 3, and the length of the second water bag 3 is smaller than that of the second explosive.

The bottom binding of gathering can blast pipe 5 has hole bottom connecting piece 8, the shape of hole bottom connecting piece 8 can be for partly wrapping up the form or form, hole bottom connecting piece 8 ligature has at least a roll of second explosive, the second explosive can be selected to the emulsion explosive, the size is phi 35X 200mm, the second explosive is buried and is had first device of exploding underground, first device of exploding together can be selected to corresponding section position detonator, hole bottom connecting piece 8 is connected second explosive and gathering can blast pipe 5 both as an organic whole, the lead wire of first device of exploding extends all round hole.

As shown in fig. 3, the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5 is a D-shaped tube made of PVC material, the outer diameter of the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5 is 30-35mm, the length of the energy-accumulating blasting tube is at least 2000mm, the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5 is composed of two energy-accumulating tube walls which are buckled with each other, No. 2 rock emulsion explosives are continuously loaded in the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5, the charging structure of the energy-accumulating blasting tube is in a continuous non-coupling mode, the charging amount per meter in the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5 is set to be 500g, at least two groups of second detonating devices are arranged in the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5, the second detonating devices are positioned at one end of the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5 close to the hole bottom connecting piece 8, parallel connecting lines among the second detonating devices are buried in the No. 2 rock emulsion explosives, leading wires of the second detonating devices extend out of peripheral holes from the other end of the energy-accumulating blasting tube 5 and are converged through the connecting lines among the leading wires of the second detonating devices, so that serial connecting lines among the energy-accumulating blasting tubes 5 are realized, wherein the energy-accumulating blasting pipes 5 are positioned in the peripheral holes, and the groove orientations of the energy-accumulating blasting pipes 5 correspond to the tunnel contour lines.

The energy-gathered blasting tube 5 is sleeved with at least two groups of centering members 6, the inner peripheral outline of each centering member 6 is matched with the outer peripheral shape of the energy-gathered blasting tube 5, the outer peripheral outline of each centering member 6 is consistent with the outline of the peripheral holes, and the centering members 6 are positioned at one ends, close to the hole bottom connecting pieces 8, of the energy-gathered blasting tubes 5. One end of the energy-gathered blasting tube 5, which is far away from the hole bottom connecting piece 8, is sleeved with a positioning piece 7, the cross section of the appearance outline of the positioning piece 7 is rectangular, the inner outline of the positioning piece 7 is matched with the outer outline of the energy-gathered blasting tube 5, and the centering piece 6 and the positioning piece 7 can be made of foam plastic.

When the IV-V type surrounding rock is tunneled, the distance between the surrounding holes is set to be 400-450 mm; when the I-III surrounding rock is tunneled, the distance between the peripheral holes is set to be 500-650 mm. The minimum resistance line of the bottom of the peripheral eye is set between 1.2 and 1.4 times of the distance between the peripheral eyes, and the density coefficient of the peripheral eyes is set to be less than 1.

In another aspect, a construction method of energy-gathered hydraulic blasting is provided, which comprises the following steps:

s1, positioning and danger elimination of the trolley;

s2, digging blast holes in the surrounding rock, wherein the blast holes comprise cutting holes, auxiliary holes, peripheral holes and bottom plate holes;

s3, processing the stemming, the water bag, the initiating explosive device and the energy-gathered blasting tube 55;

s4, sequentially installing a first water bag 11, a first explosive 22, a second water bag 33 and hole sealing stemming 44 in the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole and the bottom plate hole respectively, and additionally installing energy-gathering blasting tubes 55 in peripheral holes;

s5, blasting according to a pre-designed detonation network;

s6, post-explosion inspection and blind shot processing;

s7, unloading the explosives.

Optionally, in S2, the method specifically includes the following steps:

the excavation trolley is put in place to a preset place, then the loosened dangerous stones are manually cleaned, and the safety of the construction process is ensured.

Optionally, in S2, before drilling the blasthole in the surrounding rock, the method specifically includes:

in the I-III type surrounding rock, the distance between the peripheral holes is controlled within the range of 500-650 mm;

in the IV-V type surrounding rock, the distance between the peripheral eyes is controlled within the range of 400-450 mm.

Optionally, in S2, before drilling the blasthole in the surrounding rock, the method specifically includes the following steps:

as shown in fig. 4, the external insertion angles with a certain angle need to be set for the excavation of the peripheral holes to ensure the profile size of the tunnel, the internal insertion angles with a certain angle need to be set for the excavation of the blast holes in the peripheral holes to adjust the internal insertion span of the cut holes, the resistance ratio of the positions of the bottoms of the peripheral holes to be overcome is greatly increased by the drilling in different directions, the concentrated bottom hole charging with large dosage is needed to ensure the footage during the actual charging on site, and the damage of the surrounding rock is greatly increased by the mode, so that the minimum resistance line of the bottoms of the peripheral holes needs to be set to be 1.2-1.4 times of the peripheral hole spacing.

Optionally, in S2, the detonating sequence of the blastholes is:

in the class I-III surrounding rock, the initiation sequence is a cutting hole, an auxiliary hole, a peripheral hole and a bottom plate hole in sequence;

in IV-V class surrounding rock, the initiation sequence is sequentially peripheral eye, cut hole, auxiliary eye and bottom plate eye.

Optionally, in S2, the method further includes the step of clearing the hole:

blasting slag in the blasting hole is scraped out by adopting the blasting hook, and high-pressure air is input into the blasting hole by using the high-pressure air pipe to remove slag.

Optionally, in S3, the processing of the stemming specifically includes the following steps:

selecting clay, medium coarse sand and water according to different surrounding rock grades, wherein the mass ratio of the clay, the medium coarse sand and the water is set to be 0.75:0.1: 0.15;

the clay is clean common clay, the water content is controlled to be below 8%, the maximum particle size of the clay is not more than 10mm, large particles exceeding 10mm exist in the clay and need to be crushed, and obstruction to operation of a stemming machine is prevented. The sand is selected from clean fine sand, preferably river sand, and its water content is controlled below 3%.

Uniformly mixing the clay, the medium coarse sand and water, wherein the dryness and the humidity are based on the standard of kneading and molding by hands, and the water content is controlled to be 15%;

checking a stemming machine, wherein the model of the stemming machine can adopt a PNJ-A model stemming machine to manufacture stemming;

before formal production, supplying water to a feed inlet of the stemming machine, electrifying the stemming machine for idling, and debugging the stemming machine;

and (3) adding materials into the stemming machine to manufacture the stemming, wherein the molded stemming is required to have a smooth surface.

Optionally, in S3, the processing of the shaped charge 55 specifically includes the following steps:

the energy-gathered blasting tube 55 comprises two energy-gathered tube walls, emulsion explosive and a second detonating device;

the length of the energy-gathered blasting tube 55 can be adjusted according to the depth of the peripheral holes, wherein the two energy-gathered tube walls are arranged in a consistent shape, and the center of the wall tube of the energy-gathered tube walls is provided with an energy-gathered groove.

Breaking two coils of emulsion explosive and then loading the emulsion explosive into an explosive injection device, wherein the explosive injection device can be selected as an explosive injection gun, a rotary cover of the explosive injection device is screwed, the explosive injection device is pressurized, a constructor holds a switch of the explosive injection device to move along the axial direction of one energy-gathering pipe wall, the explosive continuously flows into the energy-gathering pipe wall from a gun mouth of the explosive injection device, namely, a forward explosive charging mode is adopted when the explosive is charged to the energy-gathering pipe wall, and the explosive charging structure is in a continuous non-coupling mode;

connecting lines in a parallel connection mode between the second detonating devices are embedded into the wall of the energy-gathering tube, leads of the second detonating devices extend out of the energy-gathering blasting tubes 55, and serial connection lines are adopted between the energy-gathering blasting tubes 55;

the two energy-gathering tube walls are fastened, and the energy-gathering blasting tube 55 is assembled.

Alternatively, in S4, the first water bag 11, the first explosive 22, the second water bag 33 and the sealing stemming 44 are sequentially installed in the cutting hole, the auxiliary hole and the bottom plate hole, respectively, which specifically includes the following steps:

the constructor sends the first water bag 11 to the bottom of the blast hole through the gun stick, then continuously loads the first explosive 22 into the blast hole, the first explosive 22 adopts a continuous non-coupling structure, continuously loads the second water bag 33, fills the hole sealing stemming 44 into the blast hole until the hole opening of the blast hole, and other backfilled hole sealing stemming 44 except the hole sealing stemming 44 contacting with the water bag needs to be tamped firmly by the wood stick, wherein the sealing length of the hole sealing stemming 44 needs to be ensured to be at least 500 mm.

Wherein the length of the second water bag 33 is 2 times or more than 2 times the length of the first water bag 11.

Optionally, in S4, the energy-gathered blasting tube 55 is additionally installed in the peripheral hole, which specifically includes the following steps:

binding an upper hole bottom connecting piece 8 at the bottom of an energy-gathered blasting tube 55, binding a second explosive at the hole bottom connecting piece 8, connecting a first explosive 22 and the energy-gathered blasting tube 55 into a whole, embedding a first explosion device in the second explosive, wherein the first explosion device is a detonating tube detonator with a corresponding section position, leading wires of the detonating tube detonator penetrate through stemming and extend out from an eye opening of a peripheral eye, sleeving two groups of centering pieces 66 on the energy-gathered blasting tube 55, respectively sleeving the centering pieces 66 at the lower part and the middle part of the energy-gathered blasting tube 55, sleeving a positioning piece 77 on the energy-gathered blasting tube 55, positioning the positioning piece 77 at the upper part of the energy-gathered blasting tube 55, pushing the energy-gathered blasting tube 55 into the peripheral eye through a gun stick, keeping the energy-gathering direction of the energy-gathered blasting tube 55 corresponding to the contour line of a tunnel, filling the hole sealing mud 44 into the peripheral eye until the eye opening of the peripheral eye, tamping and tightly blocking the hole by the wood stick, wherein the sealing length of the sealing stemming 44 is required to be ensured to be at least 500 mm.

Optionally, in S5, the detonation network specifically includes:

the detonation network adopts a cluster connection method, the detonation network is connected through the detonating cord, after other construction personnel withdraw beyond a warning line, the construction personnel detonate at a safe detour point through the detonator, and the surrounding rock is detonated slightly.

Optionally, in S6, the method specifically includes the following steps:

and (3) the sound cannon is ventilated for about 15min and enters an explosion area for inspection, the conditions of blasting overbreak, blasting stack shape size, blast hole trace storage rate, maximum flying stone distance, actual footage, blind cannon and the like are recorded by the aid of the gravity, the explosion effect is analyzed, explosion parameters are dynamically adjusted, and drilling and explosion design is continuously optimized.

If the blind cannon is found to be required to be immediately notified to a full-time blasting operator for processing, the processing method comprises the following steps:

manual elimination method: blowing out the blocking object by high-pressure wind, and taking out the detonating primer and the explosive 1-2; after the blind shot is processed, the blasting pile is carefully checked, and the residual blasting materials are cleaned.

Optionally, in S7, the method specifically includes the following steps:

after blasting is finished and before the blasting worker leaves the construction site, the blasting worker recycles the residual initiating explosive devices on the site and returns to the storehouse for registration, and the account is matched and the account object is matched.

In conclusion, the blasthole charging structure provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

the current tunnel tunnelling mode is in the difficult control to surrounding rock stress peak value, easily causes excessive damage to the surrounding rock under the water wedge effect, leads to the serious overexcavation to the surrounding rock for the energy utilization of explosive and blasthole utilization ratio are lower, and this application distinguishes through the loaded constitution to different blastholes.

Because the bottom plate hole, the auxiliary hole and the cutting hole are used as the main explosion area for tunnel forming, the main explosion area only needs to consider the crushing effect on rocks and increases a new free surface for the explosion of the peripheral holes, therefore, the water bag is used for surrounding the first explosive 2 on the explosive charging structures in the bottom plate hole, the auxiliary hole and the cutting hole, the shock wave propagated in water by utilizing the water wedge effect after explosion is incompressible to water, the explosion energy is nondestructively transmitted to the surrounding rocks through the water, the surrounding rock crushing is facilitated, and the energy utilization rate of the explosive is improved.

The tunnel forming and the smooth surface are considered in the peripheral holes, the blasting effect in the blasting process is difficult to control, and the overexcavation amount of the surrounding rock is often caused.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.