阅读说明：本技术 一种软铝合金光伏专用电缆 (Soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable ) 是由 郑建平 王新国 曹卫建 吴志勇 孙栋 杨东 张宇 舒剑锋 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种软铝合金光伏专用电缆,属于光伏电缆技术领域。该软铝合金光伏专用电缆通过五类铝合金导体代替现有技术中的镀锡铜芯导体,由于五类铝合金导体由多根铝合金单线互相绞合而成,五类铝合金导体相较于二类铝合金导体的柔软度高,以提高软铝合金光伏专用电缆的适用性。上述五类铝合金导体的截面为6mm～(2),以保证软铝合金光伏专用电缆与镀锡铜光伏专用电缆的工作性能相同。(The invention discloses a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cables. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable replaces a tinned copper core conductor in the prior art with a five-type aluminum alloy conductor, and the five-type aluminum alloy conductor is formed by mutually twisting a plurality of aluminum alloy single wires, so that the softness of the five-type aluminum alloy conductor is higher than that of a second-type aluminum alloy conductor, and the applicability of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is improved. The cross section of the above five-class aluminum alloy conductor is 6mm 2 So as to ensure that the working performance of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is the same as that of the tinned copper photovoltaic special cable.)

1. The utility model provides a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable which characterized in that includes:

the five-type aluminum alloy conductor (1) comprises a plurality of aluminum alloy single wires which are stranded so as to form a cross section of 6mm²The five-type aluminum alloy conductor (1);

the insulating layer (2) is sleeved with the five-type aluminum alloy conductor (1), and the insulating layer (2) is a low-voltage halogen-free irradiation insulating layer at 125 ℃;

the insulating layer (2) is sleeved with the sheath layer (5), and the sheath layer (5) is a low-pressure halogen-free irradiation sheath layer at 125 ℃.

2. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the aluminum alloy single wires is 84.

3. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy single wire has a maximum outer diameter of 0.31 mm.

4. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 1, wherein a cushion layer (3) is arranged between the insulating layer (2) and the sheath layer (5), and the cushion layer (3) is a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cushion layer.

5. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 4, wherein a moisture barrier layer (4) is arranged between the cushion layer (3) and the sheath layer (5), and the moisture barrier layer (4) is a double-faced coated aluminum tape structure.

6. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 1, wherein an aluminum alloy rod is drawn by a drawing device to form the aluminum alloy single wire; when the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to wire drawing, the outer surface of the aluminum alloy rod is coated with wire drawing oil.

7. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 6, wherein the aluminum alloy rod is 8030 aluminum alloy.

8. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 6, wherein the drawing device comprises a drawing die for determining the shape and size of the aluminum alloy single wire.

9. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 6, wherein the drawing device further comprises a cold liquid circulation system for reducing the temperature in the drawing device.

10. The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable according to claim 6, wherein the wire drawing device further comprises a cooling system for reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy single wire.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cables, in particular to a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable.

Background

Due to the fact that materials such as ultraviolet resistance and ozone resistance are added in the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic cable, the photovoltaic cable can bear severe temperature change and chemical erosion, and the service life of the cable is effectively prolonged. Therefore, when the photovoltaic panels are connected or the photovoltaic power generation array and the direct current combiner box are connected, a photovoltaic special cable is generally adopted.

Nowadays, the conductor in the photovoltaic special cable is generally a tinned copper core, but with the continuous increase of copper price, the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic special cable is continuously increased. Therefore, it is considered to reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic special cable by replacing the tin-plated copper core with a low-cost second-class aluminum alloy conductor. But the second class aluminum alloy conductor is harder, does not have the compliance, is not convenient for laying of soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable.

Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, which solves the problem that the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is inconvenient to lay, ensures the working performance of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, and improves the applicability of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable.

In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:

a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable comprises:

the five-type aluminum alloy conductor comprises a plurality of aluminum alloy single wires which are stranded so as to form a conductor with a section of 6mm²The five-type aluminum alloy conductor of (1);

the insulating layer is sleeved with the five-type aluminum alloy conductor and is a low-voltage halogen-free irradiation insulating layer at the temperature of 125 ℃;

the sheath layer is sleeved on the insulating layer and is a low-pressure halogen-free irradiation sheath layer at the temperature of 125 ℃.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, 84 aluminum alloy single wires are arranged.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, the maximum outer diameter of the aluminum alloy single wire is 0.31 mm.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, a cushion layer is arranged between the insulating layer and the sheath layer, and the cushion layer is a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cushion layer.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, a moisture barrier layer is arranged between the cushion layer and the sheath layer, and the moisture barrier layer is of a double-faced film-coated aluminum strip structure.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, an aluminum alloy rod is drawn by a drawing device to form the aluminum alloy single wire; when the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to wire drawing, the outer surface of the aluminum alloy rod is coated with wire drawing oil.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, the aluminum alloy rod is 8030 aluminum alloy.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, the wire drawing device comprises a wire drawing die for determining the shape and the size of the aluminum alloy single wire.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, the wire drawing device further comprises a cold liquid circulating system for reducing the temperature in the wire drawing device.

As an alternative of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, the wire drawing device further comprises a cooling system for reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy single wire.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable replaces a tinned copper core conductor in the prior art with a five-type aluminum alloy conductor, and the five-type aluminum alloy conductor is formed by mutually twisting a plurality of aluminum alloy single wiresCompared with a second-class aluminum alloy conductor, the flexible aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is high in flexibility, and the applicability of the flexible aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is improved. The cross section of the above five-class aluminum alloy conductor is 6mm²So as to ensure that the working performance of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is the same as that of the tinned copper photovoltaic special cable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable in an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a five-class aluminum alloy conductor; 2. an insulating layer; 3. a cushion layer; 4. a moisture barrier layer; 5. a sheath layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Conductors in photovoltaic utility cables are typically tin-plated copper, but to reduce costs, the tin-plated copper conductors are replaced with low-cost soft alloy conductors. At present, the photovoltaic special cable is generally manufactured by using the second-class soft alloy conductor, and due to the fact that the hardness of the second-class soft alloy conductor is higher, adaptability cannot be changed according to laying environment, and the applicability of the original photovoltaic special cable is reduced. Therefore, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable to solve the above problems.

The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable comprises a five-type aluminum alloy conductor 1. The five-class aluminum alloy conductor 1 comprises a plurality of aluminum alloy single wires which are stranded to form a cross section of 6mm²The five-type aluminum alloy conductor 1. The cable conductors are divided into four conductor types of one type, two types, five types and six types, wherein the conductor type is a solid conductor, the conductor type is a stranded conductor, the conductor type is a bundle stranded conductor, and the larger the number is, the softer the conductor type is. Therefore, the five-class aluminum alloy conductor 1 has good flexibility compared with the second-class aluminum alloy conductor, and the problem that the existing aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is low in applicability can be solved by manufacturing the photovoltaic special cable.

Typical specification of tinned copper conductor in existing tinned copper photovoltaic cable is 4mm²In order to ensure the working performance of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable, the performance is not weakened by replacing the conductor, so that the selected five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1 need to meet the following conditions: the first is that: the maximum conductor resistance of the aluminum alloy conductor at the same temperature needs to be 4mm along with the section²The maximum value of the conductor resistance of the tin-plated copper conductor is similar; secondly, the following steps: the current-carrying capacity of the aluminum alloy conductor can completely cover the section of 4mm²The current-carrying capacity of the tinned copper conductor.

The national standard does not specify the maximum value of the conductor resistance of the five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1 at 20 ℃, so the relationship between the maximum values of the conductor resistance of the five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1 and the maximum values of the conductor resistance of the five types of tin-plated copper conductors at 20 ℃ needs to be deduced through the relationship between the maximum values of the conductor resistance of the one type of aluminum alloy conductors and the maximum values of the conductor resistance of the one type of tin-plated copper conductors at 20 ℃. The relationship between the maximum values of the conductor resistances at 20 ℃ of a class of aluminum alloy conductors and a class of tin-plated copper conductors is shown in the following table:

from the above table it can be concluded that: the cross section is 6mm²The maximum value of the conductor resistance and the section of the aluminum alloy conductor at 20 ℃ is 4mm²The maximum value of the resistance of the tin-plated copper conductor is similar at 20 ℃. I.e. 6mm²The maximum value of the conductor resistance and the section of the five-class aluminum alloy conductor 1 at 20 ℃ are 4mm²The maximum value of the resistance of the five types of tin-plated copper conductors is similar at 20 ℃. And 4mm²The maximum value of the conductor resistance of the five types of tin-plated copper conductors is 5.09 omega/km at the temperature of 20 ℃.

According to the analysis of the current-carrying capacity of the power cable in the current-carrying capacity of the wire and cable, under the same laying conditions, the relationship between the current-carrying capacities of the aluminum alloy conductor and the tin-plated copper conductor is shown in the following table:

from the above table it can be concluded that: under the same laying conditions, the section is 6mm²The current-carrying capacity of the aluminum alloy conductor can completely cover the section of 4mm²The current-carrying capacity of the tinned copper conductor.

Therefore, the cross section of the five-type aluminum alloy conductor 1 is 6mm²The working performance of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable and the tin-plated copper photovoltaic special cable can be ensured to be the same, so that the reduction of the working performance of the photovoltaic special cable due to the replacement of the conductor is avoided.

The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable further comprises an insulating layer 2 sleeved with the five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1, so that electric leakage of the soft aluminum alloy conductors is avoided, and safety accidents are avoided. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 2 is a 125 ℃ low-pressure halogen-free irradiated insulating layer.

The soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable further comprises a sheath layer 5 sleeved with the insulating layer 2, so that the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is prevented from being damaged by mechanical equipment and chemically corroded, and the service life of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is prolonged. In this embodiment, the sheath layer 5 is a low-pressure halogen-free irradiated sheath layer at 125 ℃.

Alternatively, the aluminum alloy element wires are provided with 84. Further optionally, the maximum outer diameter of the aluminum alloy single wire is 0.31 mm. The number and the maximum outer diameter of the aluminum alloy single wires are determined by that the maximum value of the conductor resistance of the five-type aluminum alloy conductor 1 at 20 ℃ is 5.09 omega/km, and the section of the five-type aluminum alloy conductor 1 is 6mm²The two conditions are obtained, so that the working performance of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is ensured.

The above process of forming the five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1 is: drawing the aluminum alloy rod by a drawing device to form an aluminum alloy single wire; and then twisting the bundle wire by a bundle wire device.

Optionally, the aluminum alloy rod is an 8030 aluminum alloy. The 8030 aluminum alloy contains copper and magnesium elements, so that the aluminum alloy rod has the characteristics of low density, high tensile strength, high elongation, good fatigue strength and the like, and is convenient for wire drawing.

Further optionally, when the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to wire drawing, the outer surface of the aluminum alloy rod is coated with the wire drawing oil so as to reduce the friction force between the aluminum alloy rod and the wire drawing device, and the surface of the aluminum alloy single wire is free of insulating burrs, sharp edges and raised or broken single wires, so that the surface smoothness of the aluminum alloy single wire is improved, namely the quality of the aluminum alloy single wire is improved.

Further optionally, the wire drawing device comprises a wire drawing die for determining the shape and size of the aluminum alloy single wire, so that the manufactured aluminum alloy single wire meets the design requirements.

Further optionally, the wire drawing device further comprises a cold liquid circulating system for reducing the temperature in the wire drawing device and avoiding damage to the aluminum alloy single wire due to overhigh temperature in the wire drawing device in the wire drawing process.

Further optionally, the wire drawing device further comprises a cooling system for reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy single wire and avoiding the aluminum alloy single wire from being oxidized due to overhigh temperature. In this embodiment, the drawing apparatus is a 24-die small drawing unit.

The aging treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy single wire between the wire drawing process and the wire bundling process, and the aging treatment refers to a heat treatment process that after a metal or alloy workpiece (such as low-carbon steel, aluminum alloy and the like) is subjected to solution treatment, quenched at high temperature or deformed by cold working to a certain degree, the metal or alloy workpiece is placed at higher temperature or room temperature to keep the shape and size of the metal or alloy workpiece, and the performance of the metal or alloy workpiece is changed along with time. In this embodiment, the aluminum alloy single wire formed after wire drawing needs to be left standing for 4 hours in an environment of 180 ℃ to improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy single wire.

Further optionally, the wire bundling device comprises an automatic tension adjusting device, and the automatic tension adjusting device is used for automatically adjusting the paying-off tension of the aluminum alloy single wire to keep the paying-off tension constant all the time, so that the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy single wire before and after bundling are constant, and the quality of the five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1 meets the design requirements. In this embodiment, the bunching device is a 630 bunching machine.

Optionally, a cushion layer 3 is disposed between the insulating layer 2 and the sheath layer 5 for buffering external pressure or impact. In this embodiment, the cushion layer 3 is a low smoke halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin cushion layer.

Further optionally, a moisture barrier layer 4 is arranged between the cushion layer 3 and the sheath layer 5 and used for adsorbing moisture entering the cable, so that the safety of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is improved. In this embodiment, the moisture barrier layer 4 is a double-faced film-coated aluminum tape structure, so that the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable has good water-blocking and moisture-proof properties.

Compared with the common tin-plated copper photovoltaic special cable, the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable has the following advantages:

firstly, the elongation of the annealed aluminum alloy conductor is about 30 percent, which is better than 25 percent of tin-plated copper conductor and far better than 1.5 percent of aluminum conductor, so that the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable has high extensibility;

secondly, the aluminum alloy has no memory, so the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable has low rebound elasticity;

the aluminum alloy conductor is made of a non-magnetic material, so that eddy current cannot be generated, and the loss of a line can be reduced, so that the line loss of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is reduced;

fourthly, the cost of the aluminum alloy is far lower than that of tin-plated copper, so that the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable has low cost;

and fifthly, because the mass of the five types of aluminum alloy conductors 1 is lower than that of the tinned copper conductor, namely the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is light in weight and convenient for mountain top and flat ground transportation, the laying efficiency of the soft aluminum alloy photovoltaic special cable is improved.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.