阅读说明：本技术 一种物理光学原理展示实验装置及其工作方法 (Physical optics principle display experimental device and working method thereof ) 是由 崔金玉 程志刚 王丽 蒋倩云 林艳英 鲁鑫 王晓琦 王聪 邵思佳 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种物理光学原理展示实验装置及其工作方法,其包括支撑结构、圆盘结构、移动结构和光线折反射组件；通过这种结构的设置,对于光线的反射和折射现象能够进行集中观察,只要把反射镜在中心点的位置进行放置的时候就实现对于反射现象的观察,而当把反射镜移出之后则实现对于折射现象的观察,使用非常方便。另外,通过驱动组件和转动滑块的设置,实现对于激光发射器位置的调节,通过这种调节作用而实现不同角度位置的自动调节,以形成多个角度位置实验。(The invention provides a physical optics principle display experimental device and a working method thereof, wherein the physical optics principle display experimental device comprises a supporting structure, a disc structure, a moving structure and a light ray refraction and reflection assembly; through the setting of this kind of structure, can concentrate the observation to the reflection and refraction phenomenon of light, as long as just realize the observation to reflection phenomenon when placing the position of speculum at the central point, and then realize the observation to refraction phenomenon after shifting out the speculum, it is very convenient to use. In addition, through the setting of drive assembly and rotation slider, realize the regulation to the laser emitter position, realize the automatically regulated of different angular position through this kind of regulatory effect to form a plurality of angular position experiments.)

1. The utility model provides a physical optics principle demonstrates experimental apparatus which characterized in that includes:

a support structure;

the disc structure is arranged on the supporting structure and provided with a front surface part and a back surface part which are oppositely arranged, a graduated scale with a circular track is printed on the front surface part, and a circular track is arranged on the back surface part;

the moving structure is provided with a driving assembly, a rotating sliding block and a laser emitter, the driving assembly is connected with the rotating sliding block, the rotating sliding block is slidably arranged in the circular track, the laser emitter is fixed on the rotating sliding block through a connecting rod, and the emitting light of the laser emitter passes through the front part;

light refraction and reflection subassembly has and holds the cell body, it is semi-circular structure to hold the cell body, it is located to hold the cell body the middle part downside position of disc structure, the roof edge process that holds the cell body the central part of disc structure, the roof central point that holds the cell body puts and is provided with the speculum, it is hollow structure to hold the cell body, just the roof one side position that holds the cell body have with the water inlet of hollow structure intercommunication.

2. The physical optical principle demonstration experiment device according to claim 1,

the disc structure is provided with a turnover plate part and a main plate part, the area occupied by the turnover plate part is one fourth of the total area, and the turnover plate part is connected to the main plate part through a hinge plate;

the supporting structure is provided with a supporting rod and a bottom tray body, the bottom tray body is positioned below the supporting rod, the bottom of the accommodating groove body is provided with a gap part, the gap part is provided with an inserting port, and the top of the supporting rod is detachably connected with the inserting port in a sealing manner;

the rotating sliding block is provided with a sliding slot structure, and the laser emitter can be arranged in the slot structure in a sliding mode through a bent connecting rod;

the rotating slider is provided with a convex sliding part which is slidably embedded into the track groove of the circular track.

3. The physical and optical principle display experiment device according to claim 2, wherein the driving assembly comprises a first driving motor, a first driving wheel, a second driving motor, a second driving wheel, a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear and a fourth supporting gear; the first driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the first driving wheel, the second driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the second driving wheel, and the edge part of the reverse surface part is further provided with a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear and a fourth supporting gear which are matched with and supported by the outer edge tooth body;

the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located on the main body plate portion, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located on the end portions of the two opposite sides of the disc structure, the first supporting gear, the second supporting gear and the third supporting gear are located on the main body plate portion, and the fourth supporting gear is located on the turnover plate portion.

4. The physical optical principle display experimental device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving main wheel, a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the driving motor is connected with the driving main wheel, two sides of the driving main wheel are respectively connected with the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively connected with the inner toothed bodies of the rotating sliding blocks in a meshing manner;

the driving motor and the driving main wheel are located in the center area of the reverse face portion of the disc structure, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are located on the two sides of the driving main wheel respectively.

5. The working method of the physical optical principle demonstration experimental device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

the laser emitter is driven to move in position in the circular track along the rotating sliding block through the driving assembly, when the laser emitter rotates to a specific position, the first laser emitter is started to work, light emitted by the first laser emitter enters the upper surface of the reflector at the central position along the front surface part, and the light is emitted along a specific path angle after being reflected on the reflector, so that an observer can observe the reflection phenomenon of the light through the reflection effect of the reflector;

then, the reflector is removed from the center, light emitted by the first laser emitter enters the accommodating groove body at the time, the light is refracted in water in the accommodating groove body, a specific path angle is formed by the refracted light, and the propagation direction of the light is indicated and displayed through a graduated scale with a circular track;

moreover, still have second laser emitter, second laser emitter is located the lower part of holding the cell body, the laser ray that another laser emitter sent then at first enters into the holding tank internal, then light takes place the refraction and goes out and pass through specific route from the positive portion in the internal liquid aquatic of holding tank, the refraction light that second laser emitter formed coincides with the refraction light that first laser emitter formed, and first laser emitter and second laser emitter provide light in turn and carry out refraction phenomenon in the holding tank internal.

6. The working method of the physical and optical principle display experiment device is characterized in that the disc structure is provided with a turnover plate part and a main plate part, the area occupied by the turnover plate part is one fourth of the total area, and the turnover plate part is connected to the main plate part through a hinge plate; the supporting structure is provided with a supporting rod and a bottom tray body, the bottom tray body is positioned below the supporting rod, the bottom of the accommodating groove body is provided with a gap part, the gap part is provided with an inserting port, and the top of the supporting rod is detachably connected with the inserting port in a sealing manner; the rotating sliding block is provided with a sliding slot structure, and the laser emitter can be arranged in the slot structure in a sliding mode through a bent connecting rod; the rotating slide block is provided with a convex sliding part which can be slidably embedded into the track groove of the circular track;

the working method comprises the following steps: the laser emitter forms initial light on the main body plate part, and the initial light enters the turnover plate part after being reflected on the reflector at the central point of the disc structure; then, the turnover plate part is manually rotated around the hinge plate part, so that the plane where the turnover plate part is located is separated from the plane where the main plate part is located, refracted light disappears after separation, and the refracted light is restored after the turnover plate part is restored to be overlapped with the main plate part.

7. The working method of the experimental device for demonstrating physical and optical principles of claim 6, wherein the driving assembly comprises a first driving motor, a first driving wheel, a second driving motor, a second driving wheel, a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear and a fourth supporting gear; the first driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the first driving wheel, the second driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the second driving wheel, and the edge part of the reverse surface part is further provided with a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear and a fourth supporting gear which are matched with and supported by the outer edge tooth body;

the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located on the main body plate portion, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located at the end portions of two opposite sides of the disc structure, the first supporting gear, the second supporting gear and the third supporting gear are located on the main body plate portion, and the fourth supporting gear is located on the turnover plate portion;

the working method comprises the following steps: the first driving motor provides power to enable the first driving wheel to rotate, the first driving wheel drives the outer edge tooth body to rotate to enable the rotating slide block to move along the circular track, and the position of the laser emitter is adjusted through the position movement of the rotating slide block; meanwhile, when the rotating slide block rotates, the first support gear, the second support gear, the third support gear and the fourth support gear are used for supporting and rotating;

in addition, the rotating sliding block is of an annular structure with a notch, the notch corresponds to the first driving wheel when the rotating sliding block rotates, and the second driving motor is started to provide power to enable the second driving wheel to rotate at the moment, so that the rotating sliding block is correspondingly continuously driven to rotate in the circular track.

8. The working method of the experimental apparatus for demonstrating physical and optical principles as claimed in claim 6, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving main wheel, a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the driving motor is connected to the driving main wheel, two sides of the driving main wheel are respectively connected to the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively connected to the inner teeth of the rotating block in a meshing manner; the driving motor and the driving main wheel are positioned in the central area of the reverse surface part of the disc structure, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively positioned at two sides of the driving main wheel;

the working method comprises the following steps: the driving motor provides power to correspondingly drive the driving main wheel to rotate, the driving main wheel simultaneously drives the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel to rotate, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively meshed with the inner edge teeth of the rotating slide block for driving, so that the rotating slide block rotates in the circular track, and the position adjustment of the laser emitter is completed;

and, the rotating block is the loop configuration who has the breach, and the breach can correspond with first drive wheel when rotating the rotating block, and the second drive wheel at this time can continue to provide power in order to keep rotating the slider and rotate, correspondingly, when second drive wheel and breach correspond then first drive wheel can continue to provide power in order to keep rotating the slider and rotate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a demonstration device for a physical basic principle, in particular to a physical optical principle demonstration experimental device and a working method thereof.

Background

Physics is a basic subject, and students can deeply understand some basic phenomena existing in nature, such as gravity phenomenon, buoyancy phenomenon, friction force, current and the like, through learning of physical knowledge. Among them, the optical physics knowledge is an important subject, and in the basic physics teaching, the two most basic concepts about optics are light refraction and light reflection.

Wherein, the light can produce the reflex action of light after touching the surface of medium such as surface of water, glass. The light refraction is a phenomenon that when light is obliquely refracted from one medium to another medium, the propagation direction of the light changes, and then the light is deflected at the junction of different media, which belongs to the light refraction phenomenon.

In order to demonstrate the refraction and reflection of light rays more intuitively to students, some basic physical experimental tools are prepared in class and the basic principle of light ray propagation is demonstrated through the experimental tools. However, these traditional material experiment tools function singleness, can't be well with the refraction phenomenon and the reflection phenomenon of light collection show together to it is also inconvenient to observe when using, and often needs the user to manually adjust the light position, just so makes demonstration effect greatly reduced, makes the student not deep to the route of light propagation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device structure which is convenient for automatic adjustment of a demonstration device and can simultaneously perform refraction and reflection display.

The invention provides a physical optics principle display experimental device which comprises a supporting structure, a disc structure, a moving structure and a light ray refraction and reflection assembly, wherein the disc structure is arranged on the supporting structure;

the disc structure is arranged on the supporting structure and provided with a front surface part and a back surface part which are oppositely arranged, a graduated scale with a circular track is printed on the front surface part, and a circular track is arranged on the back surface part;

the moving structure is provided with a driving assembly, a rotating sliding block and a laser emitter, the driving assembly is connected with the rotating sliding block, the rotating sliding block is slidably arranged in the circular track, the laser emitter is fixed on the rotating sliding block through a connecting rod, and the emitting light of the laser emitter passes through the front part;

the light refraction and reflection assembly is provided with an accommodating groove body, the accommodating groove body is of a semicircular structure, the accommodating groove body is located at the lower side of the middle of the disc structure, the top wall edge of the accommodating groove body passes through the central part of the disc structure, the top wall central position of the accommodating groove body is provided with a reflector, the accommodating groove body is of a hollow structure, and the top wall one side of the accommodating groove body is provided with a water inlet communicated with the hollow structure.

The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme does: through the setting of this kind of structure, can concentrate the observation to the reflection and refraction phenomenon of light, as long as just realize the observation to reflection phenomenon when placing the position of speculum at the central point, and then realize the observation to refraction phenomenon after shifting out the speculum, it is very convenient to use. In addition, through the setting of drive assembly and rotation slider, realize the regulation to the laser emitter position, realize the automatically regulated of different angular position through this kind of regulatory effect to form a plurality of angular position experiments.

Preferably, the disc structure is provided with a turnover plate part and a main plate part, the area occupied by the turnover plate part is one fourth of the total area, and the turnover plate part is connected to the main plate part through a hinge plate;

the supporting structure is provided with a supporting rod and a bottom tray body, the bottom tray body is positioned below the supporting rod, the bottom of the accommodating groove body is provided with a gap part, the gap part is provided with an inserting port, and the top of the supporting rod is detachably connected with the inserting port in a sealing manner;

the rotating sliding block is provided with a sliding slot structure, and the laser emitter can be arranged in the slot structure in a sliding mode through a bent connecting rod;

the rotating slider is provided with a convex sliding part which is slidably embedded into the track groove of the circular track.

The light ray on the turnover plate part disappears due to the fact that the turnover plate part is separated from the main body plate part in position through the turnover effect of the turnover plate part, and therefore the fact that the light ray is transmitted on the same plane is indicated, and plane change cannot be caused due to refraction or reflection of the light ray.

In a preferred embodiment, the driving assembly includes a first driving motor, a first driving wheel, a second driving motor, a second driving wheel, a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear, and a fourth supporting gear; the first driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the first driving wheel, the second driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the second driving wheel, and the edge part of the reverse surface part is further provided with a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear and a fourth supporting gear which are matched with and supported by the outer edge tooth body;

the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located on the main body plate portion, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located on the end portions of the two opposite sides of the disc structure, the first supporting gear, the second supporting gear and the third supporting gear are located on the main body plate portion, and the fourth supporting gear is located on the turnover plate portion.

According to a preferable scheme, the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving main wheel, a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the driving motor is connected with the driving main wheel, two sides of the driving main wheel are respectively connected with the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively meshed and connected with the inner side teeth of the rotating slide block;

the driving motor and the driving main wheel are located in the center area of the reverse face portion of the disc structure, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are located on the two sides of the driving main wheel respectively.

The invention provides a working method of a physical optical principle display experimental device, which comprises the following steps:

the laser emitter is driven to move in position in the circular track along the rotating sliding block through the driving assembly, when the laser emitter rotates to a specific position, the first laser emitter is started to work, light emitted by the first laser emitter enters the upper surface of the reflector at the central position along the front surface part, and the light is emitted along a specific path angle after being reflected on the reflector, so that an observer can observe the reflection phenomenon of the light through the reflection effect of the reflector;

then, the reflector is removed from the center, light emitted by the first laser emitter enters the accommodating groove body at the time, the light is refracted in water in the accommodating groove body, a specific path angle is formed by the refracted light, and the propagation direction of the light is indicated and displayed through a graduated scale with a circular track;

moreover, still have second laser emitter, second laser emitter is located the lower part of holding the cell body, the laser ray that another laser emitter sent then at first enters into the holding tank internal, then light takes place the refraction and goes out and pass through specific route from the positive portion in the internal liquid aquatic of holding tank, the refraction light that second laser emitter formed coincides with the refraction light that first laser emitter formed, and first laser emitter and second laser emitter provide light in turn and carry out refraction phenomenon in the holding tank internal.

Preferably, the disc structure is provided with a turnover plate part and a main plate part, the area occupied by the turnover plate part is one fourth of the total area, and the turnover plate part is connected to the main plate part through a hinge plate; the supporting structure is provided with a supporting rod and a bottom tray body, the bottom tray body is positioned below the supporting rod, the bottom of the accommodating groove body is provided with a gap part, the gap part is provided with an inserting port, and the top of the supporting rod is detachably connected with the inserting port in a sealing manner; the rotating sliding block is provided with a sliding slot structure, and the laser emitter can be arranged in the slot structure in a sliding mode through a bent connecting rod; the rotating slide block is provided with a convex sliding part which can be slidably embedded into the track groove of the circular track;

the working method comprises the following steps: the laser emitter forms initial light on the main body plate part, and the initial light enters the turnover plate part after being reflected on the reflector at the central point of the disc structure; then, the turnover plate part is manually rotated around the hinge plate part, so that the plane where the turnover plate part is located is separated from the plane where the main plate part is located, refracted light disappears after separation, and the refracted light is restored after the turnover plate part is restored to be overlapped with the main plate part.

In a preferred embodiment, the driving assembly includes a first driving motor, a first driving wheel, a second driving motor, a second driving wheel, a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear, and a fourth supporting gear; the first driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the first driving wheel, the second driving motor is in meshed connection with the outer edge tooth body of the rotating sliding block through the second driving wheel, and the edge part of the reverse surface part is further provided with a first supporting gear, a second supporting gear, a third supporting gear and a fourth supporting gear which are matched with and supported by the outer edge tooth body;

the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located on the main body plate portion, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are located at the end portions of two opposite sides of the disc structure, the first supporting gear, the second supporting gear and the third supporting gear are located on the main body plate portion, and the fourth supporting gear is located on the turnover plate portion;

the working method comprises the following steps: the first driving motor provides power to enable the first driving wheel to rotate, the first driving wheel drives the outer edge tooth body to rotate to enable the rotating slide block to move along the circular track, and the position of the laser emitter is adjusted through the position movement of the rotating slide block; meanwhile, when the rotating slide block rotates, the first support gear, the second support gear, the third support gear and the fourth support gear are used for supporting and rotating;

in addition, the rotating sliding block is of an annular structure with a notch, the notch corresponds to the first driving wheel when the rotating sliding block rotates, and the second driving motor is started to provide power to enable the second driving wheel to rotate at the moment, so that the rotating sliding block is correspondingly continuously driven to rotate in the circular track.

According to a preferable scheme, the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving main wheel, a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the driving motor is connected with the driving main wheel, two sides of the driving main wheel are respectively connected with the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively meshed and connected with the inner side teeth of the rotating slide block; the driving motor and the driving main wheel are positioned in the central area of the reverse surface part of the disc structure, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively positioned at two sides of the driving main wheel;

the working method comprises the following steps: the driving motor provides power to correspondingly drive the driving main wheel to rotate, the driving main wheel simultaneously drives the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel to rotate, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively meshed with the inner edge teeth of the rotating slide block for driving, so that the rotating slide block rotates in the circular track, and the position adjustment of the laser emitter is completed;

and, the rotating block is the loop configuration who has the breach, and the breach can correspond with first drive wheel when rotating the rotating block, and the second drive wheel at this time can continue to provide power in order to keep rotating the slider and rotate, correspondingly, when second drive wheel and breach correspond then first drive wheel can continue to provide power in order to keep rotating the slider and rotate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first perspective of an experimental apparatus showing the principles of physical optics according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective of the experimental apparatus according to the principles of physical optics of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third view of the experimental apparatus according to the principles of physical optics;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth view of the experimental apparatus according to the principles of physical optics;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth view of the experimental apparatus according to the principles of physical optics;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view showing a cross-sectional state of an experimental apparatus according to the principles of physical optics of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotating slider, a connecting rod and a laser emitter of the experimental apparatus according to the physical and optical principles of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of region A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of region B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of region C of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the experimental apparatus according to the principles of physical optics.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment:

fig. 1 to 10 show a physical and optical principle demonstration experiment apparatus provided by the present invention, which includes a supporting structure 10, a disc structure 20, a moving structure 30 and a light refraction and reflection assembly 40;

a disc structure 20 is arranged on the supporting structure 10, the disc structure 20 is provided with a front surface portion 21 and a back surface portion 22 which are oppositely arranged, a graduated scale 23 with a circular track is printed on the front surface portion 21, and a circular track 24 is arranged on the back surface portion 22;

the moving structure 30 is provided with a driving assembly 31, a rotating slide block 32 and a laser emitter 33, wherein the driving assembly 31 is connected with the rotating slide block 32, the rotating slide block 32 is slidably arranged in the circular track 24, the laser emitter 33 is fixed on the rotating slide block 32 through a connecting rod 34, and the emitting light of the laser emitter 32 passes through the front part 21;

light refraction and reflection assembly 40 has and holds cell body 41, it is semicircular structure 410 to hold cell body 41, it is located to hold cell body 41 the middle part downside position of disc structure 20, the roof edge that holds cell body 41 passes through disc structure 20's central part, the roof central point that holds cell body 41 puts and is provided with speculum 42, it is hollow structure 411 to hold cell body 41, just the roof one side position that holds cell body 41 have with the water inlet 43 of hollow structure 411 intercommunication.

Through the setting of this kind of structure, can concentrate the observation to the reflection and refraction phenomenon of light, as long as just realize the observation to reflection phenomenon when placing the position of speculum at the central point, and then realize the observation to refraction phenomenon after shifting out the speculum, it is very convenient to use. In addition, through the setting of drive assembly and rotation slider, realize the regulation to the laser emitter position, realize the automatically regulated of different angular position through this kind of regulatory effect to form a plurality of angular position experiments.

The invention provides a working method of a physical optical principle display experimental device, which comprises the following steps:

the laser emitter 33 is driven by the driving component 31 to move along the rotating slide 32 in the circular track 24, and when the laser emitter is rotated to a specific position, the first laser transmitter 331 is turned on to operate, the light emitted from the first laser transmitter 331 enters the centrally located reflector 42 along the front portion 21, i.e., the light rays move close to the surface of the front portion 21, so that the displayed light rays can be formed on the front portion, and the light also moves to the reflector 42 at the center, and the light is emitted along a specific path angle after being reflected on the reflector 42, so that the observer can observe the reflection phenomenon of the light by the reflection action of the reflecting mirror 42, the angle of the reflection can be quickly confirmed through the scales so as to understand the relation between the reflection phenomenon and the angle;

then, the reflector 42 is removed from the central position, the light emitted by the first laser emitter 33 enters the accommodating groove body 41 at this time, the accommodating groove body 41 is of a transparent material structure, the light is refracted in the water in the accommodating groove body 41 to form a specific path angle, and the propagation direction of the light is indicated and displayed through the scale 23 with a circular track, so that the angle change of the light path formed by refraction is displayed and understood;

furthermore, a second laser emitter 332 is provided, the second laser emitter 332 is located at the lower part of the accommodating groove body 41, the laser beam emitted by the other laser emitter 31 firstly enters the accommodating groove body 41, then the laser beam is refracted in the liquid water in the accommodating groove body 41 and emitted from the top wall position to pass through a specific path from the front part 21, the refracted beam formed by the second laser emitter 332 is overlapped with the refracted beam formed by the first laser emitter 331, and the first laser emitter 331 and the second laser emitter 332 alternately provide the light to be refracted in the accommodating groove body 41. The two laser emitters thus alternate in their course of refraction, which makes it possible to find that the two paths coincide, thus enabling the student to understand that the transmission of the light of two different media relative to one another results in the same path, i.e. the same path from the water to the air and from the air to the water.

Second embodiment:

preferably, the disc structure 20 of the present embodiment has a flap plate portion 25 and a main plate portion 26, the flap plate portion 25 occupies a quarter of the total area, and the flap plate portion 25 is connected to the main plate portion 26 through a hinge plate 27; the supporting structure 10 is provided with a supporting rod 11 and a bottom tray body 12, the bottom tray body 12 is located below the supporting rod 11, the bottom of the accommodating groove body 41 is provided with a notch part 412, the notch part 412 is provided with an insertion port 413, and the top of the supporting rod 11 is detachably connected with the insertion port 414 in a sealing manner; the rotating slider 32 is provided with a sliding slot structure 320, and the laser emitter 33 is slidably arranged in the slot structure 320 through a bent connecting rod 34; the rotary slider 32 has a convex sliding portion 3200, and the convex sliding portion 3200 is slidably fitted into the track groove 240 of the circular track 24;

the working method comprises the following steps: the laser emitter 33 forms an initial ray on the main body panel portion 26, and the initial ray enters the flap portion 25 after being reflected on the reflector 42 at the central point of the disc structure 20; the flap panel portion 25 is then manually rotated about the hinge panel portion 27 to separate the plane of the flap panel portion 25 from the plane of the main panel portion 26 and to cause the refracted light to disappear after separation and to return to the original state after the flap panel portion 25 returns to overlap the main panel portion 26. This means that although the angle changes during the reflection of light, the light always stays in the same plane and does not change in plane.

The light ray on the turnover plate part disappears due to the fact that the turnover plate part is separated from the main body plate part in position through the turnover effect of the turnover plate part, and therefore the fact that the light ray is transmitted on the same plane is indicated, and plane change cannot be caused due to refraction or reflection of the light ray.

The third embodiment:

preferably, the driving assembly 31 of the present embodiment includes a first driving motor 310, a first driving wheel 311, a second driving motor 312, a second driving wheel 313, a first supporting gear 314, a second supporting gear 315, a third supporting gear 316, and a fourth supporting gear 317; the first driving motor 310 is engaged with the outer toothed body 321 of the rotating slider 32 through the first driving wheel 311, the second driving motor 312 is engaged with the outer toothed body 321 of the rotating slider 32 through the second driving wheel 313, and the edge of the reverse surface portion 22 is further provided with the first supporting gear 314, the second supporting gear 315, the third supporting gear 316 and the fourth supporting gear 317 which are supported by being matched with the outer toothed body 321;

wherein the first driving motor 310 and the second driving motor 312 are both located at the main body panel portion 26, the first driving motor 310 and the second driving motor 312 are located at two opposite side ends of the disc structure 20, the first supporting gear 314, the second supporting gear 315 and the third supporting gear 36 are located at the main body panel portion 26, and the fourth supporting gear 317 is located at the folding plate portion 25;

the working method comprises the following steps: the first driving motor 310 provides power to rotate the first driving wheel 311, the first driving wheel 311 drives the outer toothed body 321 to rotate so that the rotating slider 32 moves along the circular track 24, and the position of the laser emitter 33 is adjusted by the position movement of the rotating slider 32; meanwhile, when the rotating slider 32 rotates, the first support gear 314, the second support gear 315, the third support gear 316 and the fourth support gear 317 support and rotate;

in addition, the rotating block 32 is a ring structure 322 with a notch, when the rotating block 32 rotates, the notch corresponds to the first driving wheel 311, and in this case, the second driving motor 312 is started to provide power to rotate the second driving wheel 313, and accordingly, the rotating block 32 is continuously driven to rotate in the circular track 24.

The fourth embodiment:

as shown in fig. 11, the driving assembly 31 includes a driving motor 3101, a driving main wheel 3102, a first driving wheel 3103 and a second driving wheel 3104, the driving motor 3101 is connected to the driving main wheel 3102, two sides of the driving main wheel 3102 are respectively connected to the first driving wheel 3103 and the second driving wheel 3104, and the first driving wheel 3103 and the second driving wheel 3104 are respectively connected to the inner edge teeth 3201 of the rotating block 32 in a meshing manner; the driving motor 31 and the driving main wheel 3102 are located at the central region of the reverse surface portion 22 of the disc structure 20, and the first driving wheel 3103 and the second driving wheel 3104 are respectively located at the two sides of the driving main wheel 3102;

the working method comprises the following steps: the driving motor 3101 provides power to correspondingly rotate the driving main wheel 3102, the driving main wheel 3102 simultaneously drives the first driving wheel 3103 and the second driving wheel 3104 to rotate, the first driving wheel 3103 and the second driving wheel 3104 are respectively meshed with the inner edge teeth 3202 of the rotating slide block 32 for driving, and the rotating slide block 22 rotates in the circular track 24, so that the position adjustment of the laser emitter 33 is completed;

moreover, the rotating block 32 is a ring-shaped structure 3201 with a gap, when the rotating block 32 rotates, the gap corresponds to the first driving wheel 3103, and at this time, the second driving wheel 3104 continues to provide power to keep the rotating block 32 rotating, and correspondingly, when the second driving wheel 3104 corresponds to the gap, the first driving wheel 3103 continues to provide power to keep the rotating block 32 rotating.

The top wall of the containing groove body 41 is provided with a water inlet 43 communicated with the hollow structure 411 at one side, and is provided with a liquid inlet at the other side, the liquid inlet is connected with an ethanol adding container, ethanol liquid is added into the hollow structure 411 through the liquid inlet, the positions of the water inlet and the liquid inlet are controlled by a flow meter, the proportion of the added liquid is adjusted at will by the flow meter, and the refraction of the light is demonstrated according to the ethanol solution obtained by mixing, so that the refraction of the light obtained by different liquid types is observed. In addition, the volume ratio of the ethanol water solution can be changed linearly, then the light refraction is gradually changed according to the linear change, and the demonstration principle is understood more deeply through the process of the light gradually moving in the solution.