阅读说明：本技术 一种新型净化厨房油烟用过滤材料 (Novel filtering material for purifying kitchen oil fume ) 是由 钱幺 王晓梅 黄美林 梁莹莹 李君喜 吴艺鸿 于 2021-09-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种新型净化厨房油烟用过滤材料,包括耐高温过滤层、常温过滤层、焦油吸附层、高效过滤层；耐高温过滤层由耐高温有机纤维或无机纤维制备的针刺非织造材料；常温过滤层由涤纶纤维、锦纶纤维或腈纶纤维制备的针刺非织造材料；焦油吸附层由醋酸纤维制备的针刺或水刺非织造材料；高效过滤层由热风非织造材料和熔喷非织造材料复合而成。本发明使用多种纤维材料作为不同的滤层,根据不同材料的耐化学性、耐热性、过滤精度的不同,对不同油烟成分进行分级过滤、吸附,以提高油烟净化效率；使用焦油吸附层去除油烟中焦油、丙烯醛类致癌物,将醋酸纤维用于油烟机中,由于醋酸纤维能够吸附油烟中的焦油、丙烯醛类,能极大降低油烟有害物的排放。(The invention provides a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen oil fume, which comprises a high-temperature resistant filtering layer, a normal-temperature filtering layer, a tar adsorption layer and a high-efficiency filtering layer; the high-temperature resistant filter layer is made of a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from high-temperature resistant organic fibers or inorganic fibers; the normal temperature filter layer is made of a needle-punched non-woven material made of polyester fibers, nylon fibers or acrylic fibers; the tar adsorption layer is made of a needle-punched or spunlaced non-woven material made of acetate fibers; the high-efficiency filter layer is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material. According to the invention, a plurality of fiber materials are used as different filtering layers, and different oil smoke components are subjected to graded filtering and adsorption according to different chemical resistance, heat resistance and filtering precision of different materials, so that the oil smoke purification efficiency is improved; the tar adsorption layer is used for removing the tar and the acraldehyde carcinogenic substances in the oil smoke, the acetate fiber is used in the range hood, and the acetate fiber can adsorb the tar and the acraldehyde in the oil smoke, so that the emission of harmful substances in the oil smoke can be greatly reduced.)

1. A novel filtering material for purifying kitchen oil fume is characterized by comprising a high-temperature resistant filtering layer (1), a normal-temperature filtering layer (2), a tar adsorption layer (3) and a high-efficiency filtering layer (4) which are sequentially arranged;

the high-temperature-resistant filter layer (1) is made of a needle-punched non-woven material made of high-temperature-resistant organic fibers or inorganic fibers and can be used at a high temperature of 220-250 ℃ for a long time;

the normal temperature filter layer (2) is made of a needle-punched non-woven material made of polyester fibers, nylon fibers or acrylic fibers, and can be used for a long time at the temperature of 100-200 ℃;

the tar adsorption layer (3) is made of a needle-punched or spunlaced non-woven material made of acetate fibers, the length of the acetate fibers is 18-51 mm, and the fineness of the acetate fibers is 0.5-10D;

the high-efficiency filter layer (4) is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material;

the hot air non-woven material of the high-efficiency filter layer (4) is obtained by ES fibers with a bi-component sheath-core structure of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP or polyethylene PE and polyester PET;

the melt-blown non-woven material of the high-efficiency filter layer (4) is polypropylene PP, polyester PET or double-component melt-blown formed by the polypropylene PP and the polyester PET.

2. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the high-temperature resistant filter layer (1) is 100-300 g/m²The initial filtration resistance is 5-15 Pa.

3. A novel filter material for purifying cooking fumes according to claim 2, wherein: the fiber of the high-temperature resistant filter layer (1) is one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polysulfonamide and aramid fiber.

4. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the normal-temperature filter layer (2) is 100-400 g/m²The initial filtration resistance is 5 to 20 Pa.

5. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tar adsorption layer (3) is of a multilayer structure formed by laying, the number of layers is 1-5, and the single-layer gram weight of the tar adsorption layer (3) is 20-200 g/m²。

6. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the section of the acetate fiber monofilament of the tar adsorption layer (3) is Y-shaped.

7. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the high-efficiency filter layer (4) is 20-200 g/m²。

8. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the hot air non-woven material is 10-100 g/m²。

9. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the melt-blown non-woven material of the high-efficiency filter layer (4) is 10-50 g/m²The average diameter of the fiber is 1 to 15 μm.

10. The novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the ES fibers is 0.5-6D, the length of the ES fibers is 28-50 mm, and the melting point of the skin layer is 90-130 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of filter materials, in particular to a novel filter material for purifying kitchen oil fume.

Background

According to the data, the pollution degree of the catering industry to the urban air quality is raised to the 3 rd level. The oil smoke not only seriously pollutes the atmospheric environment, but also seriously harms the health of residents. With the continuous improvement of people's environmental protection health consciousness, the research of novel oil smoke filtration mode and filtering material has also gained attention gradually, and the lampblack absorber becomes well known product gradually. At present, the filtering modes of the domestic kitchen oil fume purifier are mainly divided into four types, namely an inertia separation type, an electrostatic deposition type, a liquid absorption type and a filtering adsorption type. Wherein, the filtering effect of the filtering adsorption type can reach more than 90 percent, but the harm of a small amount of substances left in the discharged gas to human bodies is huge. Therefore, how to develop a new filter material or apply a new purification method to improve the filtration efficiency is very important.

Since it is difficult to improve and break through the performance of the filter material with a single material, the development of composite filter materials and multi-layer filter materials is gradually becoming the research direction. The composite material is a multi-layer material or a multi-component mixed material with a complex structure formed by combining different materials.

For example, patent CN 110983624 a discloses a preparation method of a lampblack air filter material, which is made of self-twisted fibers; after PET melt and PTT melt are distributed according to the mass ratio, short filaments are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate to obtain the novel self-twisted fibers.

Patent CN102151439A discloses a filtering material for oil-smoke separation and oil-gas separation, which uses iron, nickel, copper or their alloy metal to form a skeleton substrate, and is in a three-dimensional net-shaped porous structure, so as to reduce material cost and improve the purification efficiency of the filtering material.

Patent CN105107269A discloses a high-strength oil smoke air filtering material and a preparation method thereof, which is prepared by mixing dozens of different raw materials in proportion, and although the purification effect can be improved, the high-strength oil smoke air filtering material has good mechanical properties, high strength, high temperature resistance and other properties, the cost is high, and the process is troublesome.

Patent CN105624676A discloses a preparation method of porous foam alloy material for oil smoke filtration, which comprises the following steps: the method can obtain a sponge substrate with uniform pore structure, high corrosion resistance and tensile strength, can effectively solve the problem of absorption and recovery of oil stains, but has short filter material replacement period and is troublesome to use.

Patent CN108514154B discloses a smoke filtering material and a preparation method and application thereof, which modifies acetate fibers to enable smoke to sequentially pass through a first cellulose diacetate film layer, a lipophilic polymer material film layer and a second cellulose diacetate film layer, thereby improving the adsorption function to tar, simultaneously filtering smoke particles and harmful gases, having wide application prospect and higher application value, and thus showing that the acetate fibers have great application value in the application of the filtering material.

Therefore, there is a need to provide a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes to avoid the influence of the discharged substances on human body while filtering the kitchen fumes.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen oil smoke.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen oil fume comprises a high-temperature resistant filtering layer, a normal-temperature filtering layer, a tar adsorption layer and a high-efficiency filtering layer which are sequentially arranged;

the high-temperature-resistant filter layer is made of a needle-punched non-woven material made of high-temperature-resistant organic fibers or inorganic fibers and can be used at the high temperature of 220-250 ℃ for a long time;

the normal-temperature filter layer is made of a needle-punched non-woven material made of polyester fibers, nylon fibers or acrylic fibers, and can be used for a long time at the temperature of 100-200 ℃;

the tar adsorption layer is made of a needle-punched or spunlaced non-woven material made of acetate fibers, the length of the acetate fibers is 18-51 mm, and the fineness of the acetate fibers is 0.5-10D;

the high-efficiency filter layer is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material.

Preferably, the gram weight of the high-temperature resistant filter layer is 100-300 g/m²The initial filtration resistance is 5-15 Pa.

Preferably, the fiber of the high temperature resistant filter layer is one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polysulfonamide and aramid fiber.

Preferably, the gram weight of the normal temperature filter layer is 100-400 g/m²The initial filtration resistance is 5 to 20 Pa.

Preferably, the tar adsorption layer is of a multilayer structure formed by laying, the number of layers is 1-5, and the single-layer gram weight of the tar adsorption layer is 20-200 g/m²。

Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the monofilament fibers of the acetate fibers of the tar-adsorbing layer is a Y-shape.

Preferably, the gram weight of the high-efficiency filter layer is 20-200 g/m²。

Preferably, the hot air non-woven material of the high-efficiency filter layer is obtained from ES fibers with a bi-component sheath-core structure of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP or polyethylene PE and polyester PET.

Preferably, the gram weight of the hot-air non-woven material is 10-100 g/m²。

Preferably, the melt-blown nonwoven material of the high-efficiency filter layer is polypropylene PP, polyester PET or a bicomponent melt-blown material composed of polypropylene PP and polyester PET.

Preferably, the gram weight of the melt-blown non-woven material of the high-efficiency filter layer is 10-50 g/m²The average diameter of the fiber is 1 to 15 μm.

Preferably, the ES fibers have the fineness of 0.5-6D, the length of 28-50 mm and the melting point of the skin layer of 90-130 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention not only can effectively filter solid and liquid particles in the oil fume waste gas, but also can play a role in reducing harm, has good purification effect and can effectively reduce the pollution of the oil fume waste gas to the environment; firstly, the oil smoke is attached to a filter plate by utilizing an inertia effect to achieve the purpose of primary oil smoke separation, the purification efficiency is about 30 percent, and then, corresponding filtration is carried out by utilizing a four-layer filtration structure;

2. according to the invention, a plurality of fiber materials are used as different filtering layers, and different oil smoke components are filtered and adsorbed in a grading manner according to different chemical resistance, heat resistance and filtering precision of different materials, so that the effect of improving the oil smoke purification efficiency is achieved;

3. the tar adsorption layer is used for removing the tar and the acraldehyde carcinogens in the oil smoke, the acetate fiber is applied to the range hood, and the acetate fiber can adsorb the tar, the acraldehyde and the like in the oil smoke, so that the emission of harmful substances in the oil smoke can be greatly reduced;

4. the high-temperature resistant filter layer has good corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and chemical stability, and mainly has the functions of cooling the oil fume, filtering flying flocs, dust and the like mixed in the fume and removing liquid components in the oil fume;

5. the normal temperature filter layer of the invention mainly functions to relieve the impact of hot air and further separate liquid substances in the oil smoke;

6. the section of the monofilament fiber of the acetate fiber of the tar adsorption layer is Y-shaped, the specific surface area of the fiber is large, the acetate fiber has good adsorption and interception effects on harmful components in smoke, and the acetate fiber is mainly used for adsorbing harmful substances such as tar, acraldehyde and the like in oil smoke gas;

7. the efficient filtering layer utilizes the efficient filtering performance of the micro-nano fibers to filter and block the tiny particles which cannot be filtered.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filter material according to the present invention;

in the figure, 1-a high temperature resistant filter layer, 2-a normal temperature filter layer, 3-a tar adsorption layer and a high efficiency filter layer;

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes, the material comprises four filtering layers, and from bottom to top, there are a high temperature resistant filtering layer 1, a normal temperature filtering layer 2, a tar adsorption layer 3, and a high efficiency filtering layer 4.

Wherein the high temperature resistant filter layer 1 isThe gram weight of the needle-punched non-woven material prepared from the high-temperature resistant polyphenylene sulfide fiber is 200g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 6 Pa.

The normal temperature filter layer 2 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from polyester fiber, and the gram weight is 250g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 10 Pa.

The tar adsorption layer 3 is made of spunlaced nonwoven material made of acetate fiber, the length of the acetate fiber is 38mm, the fineness is 2.2D, and the single-layer gram weight is 40g/m²The tar adsorption layer 3 is a multilayer structure formed by laying, and the number of layers is 4.

The high-efficiency filter layer 4 is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material, and the gram weight of the high-efficiency filter layer is 55-60 g/m². The hot air non-woven material is obtained by ES fibers with a Polyethylene (PE)/polypropylene (PP) bi-component sheath-core structure; the ES fiber had a fineness of 2D, a length of 38mm and a sheath melting point of 100 ℃. The grammage of the air-through nonwoven material is 30g/m². The melt-blown nonwoven material is polypropylene (PP) with a gram weight of 25g/m²The average fiber diameter was 3 μm.

The filtration material of this embodiment is tested finally, and purification efficiency is above 95%.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes, the material comprises four filtering layers, and from bottom to top, there are a high temperature resistant filtering layer 1, a normal temperature filtering layer 2, a tar adsorption layer 3, and a high efficiency filtering layer 4.

Wherein the high-temperature resistant filter layer 1 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from high-temperature resistant polyimide, and the gram weight of the needle-punched non-woven material is 300g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 10 Pa. Can be used for a long time at the high temperature of 220-250 ℃.

The normal temperature filter layer 2 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from nylon fiber, and the gram weight is 300g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 5 Pa.

The tar adsorption layer 3 is a spunlace non-woven material prepared from acetate fibers, the length of the acetate fibers is 45mm, the fineness is 6D, and the single-layer gram weight is 100g/m²The tar adsorption layer 3 is a multilayer structure formed by laying,the number of layers was 4.

The high-efficiency filter layer 4 is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material, and the gram weight of the high-efficiency filter layer is 55-60 g/m². The hot air non-woven material is obtained by ES fibers with a Polyethylene (PE)/Polyester (PET) bi-component sheath-core structure; the ES fiber had a fineness of 2D, a length of 38mm and a sheath melting point of 100 ℃. The grammage of the air-through nonwoven material is 30g/m². The melt-blown nonwoven material is polypropylene (PP) with a gram weight of 25g/m²The average fiber diameter was 3 μm.

The filtration material of this embodiment is tested finally, and purification efficiency is above 95%.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes, the material comprises four filtering layers, and from bottom to top, there are a high temperature resistant filtering layer 1, a normal temperature filtering layer 2, a tar adsorption layer 3, and a high efficiency filtering layer 4.

Wherein the high-temperature resistant filter layer 1 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from high-temperature resistant polysulfonamide, and the gram weight is 100g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 5 Pa. Can be used for a long time at the high temperature of 220-250 ℃.

The normal temperature filter layer 2 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from acrylic fibers, and the gram weight of the needle-punched non-woven material is 150g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 15 Pa.

The tar adsorption layer 3 is a spunlace non-woven material prepared from acetate fibers, the length of the acetate fibers is 25mm, the fineness is 3D, and the single-layer gram weight is 50g/m²The tar adsorption layer 3 is a multilayer structure formed by laying, and the number of layers is 4.

The high-efficiency filter layer 4 is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material, and the gram weight of the high-efficiency filter layer is 55-60 g/m². The hot air non-woven material is obtained by ES fibers with a Polyethylene (PE)/Polyester (PET) bi-component sheath-core structure; the ES fiber had a fineness of 2D, a length of 38mm and a sheath melting point of 100 ℃. The grammage of the air-through nonwoven material is 30g/m². The melt-blown nonwoven material is polypropylene (PP) with a gram weight of 25g/m²The average fiber diameter was 3 μm.

The filtration material of this embodiment is tested finally, and purification efficiency is above 95%.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a novel filtering material for purifying kitchen fumes, the material comprises four filtering layers, and from bottom to top, there are a high temperature resistant filtering layer 1, a normal temperature filtering layer 2, a tar adsorption layer 3, and a high efficiency filtering layer 4.

Wherein the high-temperature resistant filter layer 1 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from high-temperature resistant aramid fiber, and the gram weight of the needle-punched non-woven material is 150g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 12 Pa. Can be used for a long time at the high temperature of 220-250 ℃.

The normal temperature filter layer 2 is a needle-punched non-woven material prepared from acrylic fibers, and the gram weight of the needle-punched non-woven material is 150g/m²The initial filtration resistance was 15 Pa.

The tar adsorption layer 3 is a spunlace non-woven material prepared from acetate fibers, the length of the acetate fibers is 25mm, the fineness is 3D, and the single-layer gram weight is 50g/m²The tar adsorption layer 3 is a multilayer structure formed by laying, and the number of layers is 4.

The high-efficiency filter layer 4 is formed by compounding a hot air non-woven material and a melt-blown non-woven material, and the gram weight of the high-efficiency filter layer is 55-60 g/m². The hot air non-woven material is obtained by ES fibers with a Polyethylene (PE)/Polyester (PET) bi-component sheath-core structure; the ES fiber had a fineness of 2D, a length of 28mm and a sheath melting point of 100 ℃. The grammage of the air-through nonwoven material is 30g/m². The melt-blown non-woven material is bicomponent melt-blown composed of polypropylene (PP) and Polyester (PET), and the gram weight is 10g/m²The average fiber diameter was 5 μm.

The filtration material of this embodiment is tested finally, and purification efficiency is above 95%. The foregoing embodiments and description have been presented only to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.