阅读说明：本技术 一种提高表面清洁度的tig焊丝制造方法 (TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness ) 是由 陈波 徐锴 邹小平 周宝金 刘鸣宇 王国佛 霍树斌 侴树国 朱旭 张明辉 贾玉力 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提高表面清洁度的TIG焊丝制造方法,属于焊接材料制备技术领域。本发明的方法由硬态半成品焊丝开始按制造工艺流程光亮退火、电解清洗、超声清洗和眼模抛光,最后根据用途矫直切断或绕盘得到成品TIG焊丝。本发明通过控制连退速度和拔丝减面率,并采用来料电解去处氧化膜,以及超声清洗去除残留物的方法,有效的解决了焊丝表面清洁问题。且本发明中退火步骤不需要充分固溶,使退火速度高于正常速度30％以上,具有节能减排的优点。(The invention discloses a TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness, and belongs to the technical field of welding material preparation. The method of the invention starts from hard semi-finished welding wires to bright annealing, electrolytic cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning and eye mould polishing according to the manufacturing process flow, and finally obtains finished TIG welding wires by straightening cutting or coiling according to the purpose. The invention effectively solves the problem of surface cleaning of the welding wire by controlling the continuous annealing speed and the wire drawing reduction rate, and adopting the methods of removing the oxide film at the electrolytic part of the incoming material and removing the residues by ultrasonic cleaning. In addition, the annealing step does not need to be fully dissolved, so that the annealing speed is higher than the normal speed by more than 30 percent, and the method has the advantages of energy conservation and emission reduction.)

1. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, bright annealing: carrying out solution annealing treatment on the cold-drawn hard stainless steel or nickel-based alloy wire rod by adopting an online ammonia decomposition atmosphere protective furnace, wherein the strength of the annealed wire is 900-1000 MPa;

step 2, electrolytic cleaning: cleaning the surface of the annealed wire by using an online electrolytic cleaning machine, and then carrying out online water washing;

step 3, ultrasonic cleaning: cleaning the wire subjected to electrolytic cleaning in the step 2 by using an online ultrasonic cleaning machine, then washing the wire by using hot water, and drying the wire by using online hot air to obtain a clean semi-finished welding wire;

step 4, polishing the eye model: and (4) passing the semi-finished welding wire obtained in the step (3) through an eye die for drawing and polishing, wherein the reduction rate is 8% -10%, and the finished welding wire with the required diameter is obtained.

2. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the stainless steel or nickel-based alloy wire rod in step 1 is 1.6mm to 4.0 mm.

3. A manufacturing method of a TIG welding wire for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the annealing temperature is 1050 ℃ -1080 ℃, and the annealing wire speed is 10-12 m/min.

4. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 1, characterized in that the medium used for electrolytic cleaning in step 2 is stainless steel general purpose electrolyte, dilute sulfuric acid or dilute phosphoric acid, and the electrolytic cleaning speed is 30-100 m/min.

5. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 4, characterized in that the mass concentration of the dilute sulfuric acid is 10% -15%, and the mass concentration of the dilute phosphoric acid is 10% -30%.

6. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 1, characterized in that the medium used for ultrasonic cleaning in step 3 is water, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHZ-100KHZ, and the ultrasonic time is 5s-10 s.

7. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 1, wherein the hot water temperature in step 3 is 40-80 ℃.

8. A TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness according to claim 1, characterized in that the die for eye die polishing in step 4 is a polycrystalline die, the polishing agent is a graphite water agent, and the drawing speed is 30-100 m/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness, and belongs to the technical field of welding material preparation.

Background

The stainless steel welding wire has wide application, and the most key control points in the production process are as follows: the components of the base metal and the cleanliness of the surface of a finished product are selected and cannot be adjusted in the cold drawing process, so that the surface quality of the welding wire is particularly important for the welding seam quality, for example, the surface of the welding wire is not clean, conventional defects such as welding seam slag inclusion, air holes and the like are easily caused, and internal microscopic defects are easily caused for nickel-based alloys with higher requirements for the welding seam quality, and the welding quality is directly influenced.

At present, a semi-finished wire after bright annealing is generally adopted for a TIG welding wire to be directly subjected to single-pass oil drawing polishing, residual impurities such as oxidation and the like inevitably exist in the welding wire raw material manufactured by the method in the annealing process, and the residual impurities are left on the surface of the welding wire after polishing, so that the surface of the welding wire is not clean, and particularly, a separate polishing process is required to be adopted after the wire drawing for the TIG welding wire for nuclear power application in the field with high quality requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a manufacturing method of a TIG welding wire for improving the surface cleanliness.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a TIG welding wire manufacturing method for improving surface cleanliness, the method comprising the steps of:

step 1, bright annealing: carrying out solution annealing treatment on the cold-drawn hard stainless steel or nickel-based alloy wire rod by adopting an online ammonia decomposition atmosphere protective furnace, wherein the strength of the annealed wire is 900-1000 MPa;

step 2, electrolytic cleaning: cleaning the surface of the annealed wire by using an online electrolytic cleaning machine, and then washing by using online water;

step 3, ultrasonic cleaning: cleaning the wire subjected to electrolytic cleaning in the step 2 by using an online ultrasonic cleaning machine, then washing the wire by using hot water, and drying the wire by using online hot air to obtain a clean semi-finished welding wire;

step 4, polishing the eye model: and (4) passing the clean semi-finished welding wire obtained in the step (3) through an eye die for drawing and polishing, wherein the reduction rate is 8% -10%, and the finished welding wire with the required diameter is obtained.

Further limiting, the diameter of the stainless steel or nickel-based alloy wire rod in the step 1 is 1.6-4.0 mm.

Further limiting, in the step 1, the annealing temperature is 1050-1080 ℃, and the annealing routing speed is 10-12 m/min.

Further limiting, the medium used for electrolytic cleaning is stainless steel general electrolyte, dilute sulfuric acid or dilute phosphoric acid, and the electrolytic cleaning speed is 30-100 m/min.

Further limited, the mass concentration of the dilute sulphuric acid is 10-15 percent, and the mass concentration of the dilute phosphoric acid is 10-30 percent.

Further limiting, the medium used for ultrasonic cleaning in the step 3 is water, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHZ-100KHZ, and the ultrasonic time is 5s-10 s.

Further limiting, the temperature of the hot water in the step 3 is 40-80 ℃.

And further limiting, the die for polishing the eye pattern in the step 4 is a polycrystalline die, the polishing agent is a graphite water agent, and the drawing speed is 30-100 m/min.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention effectively solves the problem of cleaning the surface of the welding wire prepared by the cold drawing process by controlling the annealing speed and the wire drawing and surface reduction rate, adopting the methods of electrolytic removal of an oxide film by an incoming material and ultrasonic cleaning to remove residues. In addition, the invention also has the following advantages:

(1) the method adopts a one-step drawing method to replace the original two-step drawing and polishing process, so that the processing efficiency is effectively improved;

(2) the annealing step does not need full solid solution, so that the annealing speed is higher than the normal speed by more than 30 percent, and the method has the advantages of energy conservation and emission reduction;

(3) the cleanliness of the surface of the welding wire obtained by the method is uniform and higher than that of the welding wire obtained by the conventional method;

(4) the electrolytic cleaning, the ultrasonic cleaning and the polishing adopted by the invention can be realized by automatic equipment on a production line, the operation is simple, the quality is easy to control, and the consistency of the welding wire quality is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a surface photomicrograph (50 Xmagnification) of the wire prepared in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a surface photomicrograph (50 times) of the wire prepared in example 2;

FIG. 3 is a surface low magnification (50 times) photomicrograph of the welding wire prepared in comparative example 1;

FIG. 4 is a surface photomicrograph (50 times) of the wire prepared in comparative example 2;

FIG. 5 is a graph of annealing speed versus wire strength;

FIG. 6 is a photograph of a weld bead surface obtained by applying the welding wire prepared in example 1;

fig. 7 is a photograph of the surface of a weld bead obtained by applying the welding wire prepared in comparative example 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional in the art and are commercially available to those skilled in the art.

Example 1:

the method for processing and manufacturing the ER308L stainless steel straight TIG 2.4mm welding wire comprises the following specific steps:

(1) incoming materials are in a cold drawing hard state, and the specification of the incoming materials is phi 2.5 mm;

(2) bright annealing, in-line solution annealing of the incoming material in ammonia decomposition gas protective atmosphere at 1050 ℃ and at an annealing speed of 10 m/min;

(3) electrolytic cleaning, wherein the annealed wire is subjected to electrolytic cleaning by using 10% dilute sulfuric acid as a medium, and the electrolytic cleaning speed is 80 m/min; after electrolysis, washing with online water, and drying with a wind brush;

(4) ultrasonic cleaning, namely ultrasonically cleaning the filaments after electrolytic cleaning, wherein the used medium is tap water, the ultrasonic frequency is 60KHZ, and the ultrasonic time is 5 s;

(5) and (4) polishing the eye die, namely passing the clean semi-finished wire through a polycrystalline eye die with the specification of phi 2.4mm for drawing and polishing, wherein the surface reduction rate is 8.5%, and the finished welding wire with the required diameter and a bright surface is obtained. The used polishing agent is a graphite aqueous solution, and the drawing speed is 80 m/min.

(6) Straightening and cutting, polishing the obtained welding wire finished product, straightening and cutting by using a conventional straightening cutting machine to finally obtain a straight welding wire with high surface cleanliness, wherein a low-power (50 times) micrograph of the welding wire is shown in figure 1, and as can be seen from figure 1, the welding wire has a bright surface and good cleanliness. Welding was performed using the welding wire prepared in this example, and a photograph of the bead surface was obtained as shown in fig. 6.

Example 2:

the ERNiCr-3 nickel-based alloy coiling TIG phi 2.0mm welding wire is processed and manufactured, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) incoming materials are in a cold drawing hard state, and the specification of the incoming materials is phi 2.1 mm;

(2) bright annealing, in-line solution annealing of the incoming material in ammonia decomposition gas protective atmosphere, wherein the annealing temperature is 1080 ℃, and the annealing line speed is 10 m/min;

(3) electrolytic cleaning, wherein the annealed wire is subjected to electrolytic cleaning by using 10% dilute sulfuric acid as a medium, and the electrolytic cleaning speed is 80 m/min; after electrolysis, washing with online water, and drying with a wind brush;

(4) ultrasonic cleaning, namely ultrasonically cleaning the filaments after electrolytic cleaning, wherein the used medium is tap water, the ultrasonic frequency is 60KHZ, and the ultrasonic time is 5 s;

(5) and (4) polishing the eye die, namely drawing and polishing the clean semi-finished wire through a polycrystalline eye die with the specification of phi 2.0mm, wherein the surface reduction rate is 10%, and the finished welding wire with the required diameter and a bright surface is obtained. The used polishing agent is a graphite aqueous solution, and the drawing speed is 80 m/min.

(6) Straightening and cutting, polishing the obtained welding wire finished product, straightening and cutting by using a conventional straightening cutting machine to finally obtain a straight welding wire with high surface cleanliness, wherein a low-power (50 times) micrograph of the welding wire is shown in figure 2, and as can be seen from figure 2, the welding wire has a bright surface and good cleanliness.

Comparative example 1:

this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the annealing speed was 7.5m/min, the reduction ratio was 15%, and the other steps and parameters were the same as those in example 1. The photomicrograph at low magnification (50 times) of the wire obtained in this comparative example is shown in FIG. 3, and the wire has a dull surface, and is inferior in brightness and cleanliness to those of example 1. The welding wire prepared in this example was used to perform welding, and a photograph of the bead surface was obtained as shown in fig. 7, which was slightly inferior in quality to that of example 1.

Comparative example 2:

the comparative example differs from example 2 in that: the annealing speed was 10m/min, the reduction ratio was 15%, and the remaining steps and parameters were the same as those of example 2. The comparative example obtained a low power (50 power) photomicrograph of the wire shown in fig. 3, which was a dull surface and had scratches, less brightness and less cleanliness than those of example 2.

Example 3:

the relation between the annealing routing and the strength of the welding wire is studied on the ER308L stainless steel straight strip with the incoming material specification of phi 2.5mm under the condition that the annealing temperature is 1050 ℃ and is kept unchanged, and the result is shown in figure 5, and as can be seen from figure 5, when the annealing routing speed is 10-12 m/min, the strength of the welding wire after annealing is 900 MPa-1000 MPa

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.