阅读说明：本技术 一种靠垃圾自重滑落进料的炉排炉 (Grate furnace capable of sliding and feeding by virtue of dead weight of garbage ) 是由 李煜 丁堂文 杨伟 何卫东 刘海 唐文萍 王睿 于 2021-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种靠垃圾自重滑落进料的炉排炉,属于生活垃圾焚烧领域。包括用于存放垃圾的垃圾坑以及用于处理垃圾的进料间,所述垃圾坑与所述进料间相邻；所述进料间内沿垃圾传输方向依次设有进料斗及溜槽,所述进料斗的垃圾接受面与垃圾自重方向倾斜布置；还包括设置在进料间远离垃圾坑的一侧的炉排。本发明在不对原有流化床工艺的土建结构进行破坏的前提下,将流化床工艺改造成炉排炉工艺,利用流化床工艺原有的土建结构进行技术改造,可节省投资,减少人力成本及建材成本的支出,在不拆除流化床工艺的主厂房的条件下在主厂房内布置机械炉排炉的进料系统,将垃圾稳定地、连续地将垃圾供到垃圾焚烧炉内进行燃烧。(The invention relates to a grate furnace capable of sliding and feeding by virtue of the self weight of garbage, belonging to the field of household garbage incineration. The garbage bin comprises a garbage pit for storing garbage and a feeding room for treating the garbage, wherein the garbage pit is adjacent to the feeding room; a feeding hopper and a chute are sequentially arranged in the feeding room along the garbage conveying direction, and a garbage receiving surface of the feeding hopper is obliquely arranged along the garbage dead weight direction; the garbage bin also comprises a grate arranged on one side of the feeding room far away from the garbage pit. The invention changes the fluidized bed process into the grate furnace process on the premise of not damaging the civil structure of the original fluidized bed process, carries out technical transformation by utilizing the original civil structure of the fluidized bed process, can save investment and reduce the expenditure of labor cost and building material cost, arranges a feeding system of the mechanical grate furnace in the main workshop under the condition of not dismantling the main workshop of the fluidized bed process, and stably and continuously supplies the garbage into the garbage incinerator for combustion.)

1. The utility model provides a by grate furnace of rubbish dead weight landing feeding which characterized in that: the garbage bin comprises a garbage pit for storing garbage and a feeding room for treating the garbage, wherein the garbage pit is adjacent to the feeding room;

a feeding hopper and a chute are sequentially arranged in the feeding room along the garbage conveying direction, and a garbage receiving surface of the feeding hopper is obliquely arranged along the garbage dead weight direction;

the garbage bin also comprises a grate arranged on one side of the feeding room far away from the garbage pit.

2. The grate furnace of claim 1 fed by the gravity-free fall of garbage, wherein: the feeding hopper is provided with a distributing device for preventing garbage from accumulating and blocking materials.

3. The grate furnace of claim 1 fed by the gravity-free fall of garbage, wherein: and a feeder used for pushing the garbage in the chute into the fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the chute.

4. The grate furnace of claim 1 fed by the gravity-free fall of garbage, wherein: and a travelling crane matched with the feed hopper and a garbage grab bucket arranged on the travelling crane are arranged in the garbage pit.

5. The grate furnace of claim 1 fed by the gravity-free fall of garbage, wherein: the grate furnace that leans on rubbish dead weight landing feeding is reformed transform by fluidized bed main building civil engineering structure and forms, fluidized bed main building civil engineering structure includes between adjacent rubbish hole, the feeding of arranging and mix the coal, and with the feeding of fluidized bed main building civil engineering structure between and mix the coal between merge become the feeding of the grate furnace that leans on rubbish dead weight landing feeding between.

6. The grate furnace of claim 5 fed by the gravity-fed sliding of garbage, wherein: the civil engineering structure of the fluidized bed main plant is provided with a feeding platform and a primary conveying platform in the feeding room from top to bottom along the height direction; a coal conveying platform, a coal powder receiving platform, a secondary conveying platform, a process platform and a reinforcing platform are arranged in the coal blending room from top to bottom; in the reconstruction process, the secondary conveying platform and the process platform need to be dismantled to install the chute.

7. The grate furnace of claim 6 fed by the gravity-fed sliding of garbage, wherein: the hopper is installed by utilizing a pulverized coal receiving platform of a civil engineering structure of a fluidized bed main plant.

8. The grate furnace of claim 6 fed by the gravity-fed sliding of garbage, wherein: the chute is characterized in that a feeder used for pushing the garbage in the chute into the fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the chute, the feeder is fixed through a feeder fixing frame, and the feeder fixing frame is installed by utilizing a reinforcing platform.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of household garbage incineration, and relates to a grate furnace capable of sliding and feeding by virtue of the self weight of garbage.

Background

The garbage incineration technology goes through the development process for nearly 130 years, and has a history of more than 60 years since the incinerator with modern significance. At present, various types of incinerators are used for hundreds, and the most representative incinerator for incinerating and treating municipal solid waste is three types, namely, a grate-fired incinerator, such as a rolling grate furnace, a horizontal reciprocating grate furnace, a forward-thrust inclined reciprocating grate furnace, a reverse-thrust inclined reciprocating grate furnace and the like; fluidized bed incinerators, such as fluidized bed and circulating fluidized bed incinerators; and thirdly, a rotary kiln type incinerator and the like. Wherein, the rotary kiln type incinerator is more suitable for incinerating special garbage, sludge and the like, and less applied to household garbage incineration.

The municipal solid waste incineration treatment technology in China basically establishes two process routes of adopting a grate furnace and a fluidized bed through four stages of technology discussion, technology establishment, technology development and growth and the like from 1985. Before 2010, the number of power plants adopting the two processes is basically equal, and after 2015, the proportion of the grate furnace incineration power plants is increased and becomes mainstream at present, and the number of the fluidized bed incineration power plants is reduced to 25%.

After more than 30 years of technical exploration, development and inspection, the defects of the fluidized bed process are gradually shown compared with the grate furnace process. The fluidized bed process needs coal participation and has low power generation (deducting the power generation of coal blending). Secondly, the power consumption of the fluidized bed is large, the plant power consumption of a common fluidized bed process power plant is 20-30%, and the difference is huge compared with the power consumption of a grate furnace process power plant which is 10-18%. Thirdly, the treatment cost of each ton of domestic garbage in the fluidized bed process is about 1.5 times that of the grate furnace process.

The grate furnace process gradually becomes a process mode which most accords with the national conditions of China at the present stage due to the advantages of ton garbage generating capacity, treatment cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a grate furnace which slides down and feeds by the self weight of garbage, and the fluidized bed process is modified into a grate furnace process without damaging the civil structure of the original fluidized bed process, and the existing feeding room and coal blending room in the main plant of the fluidized bed process are integrally used as the feeding room of the mechanical grate furnace.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a grate furnace capable of sliding and feeding materials by means of self weight of garbage comprises a garbage pit for storing the garbage and a feeding room for processing the garbage, wherein the garbage pit is adjacent to the feeding room; a feeding hopper and a chute are sequentially arranged in the feeding room along the garbage conveying direction, and a garbage receiving surface of the feeding hopper is obliquely arranged along the garbage dead weight direction; the garbage bin also comprises a grate arranged on one side of the feeding room far away from the garbage pit.

Optionally, a distributing device for preventing garbage from accumulating and blocking materials is arranged on the feeding hopper.

Optionally, a feeder for pushing the garbage in the chute into the grate is arranged at the bottom of the chute.

Optionally, a travelling crane matched with the feed hopper and a garbage grab bucket arranged on the travelling crane are arranged in the garbage pit.

Optionally, the grate furnace that leans on rubbish dead weight landing feeding is reformed transform by fluidized bed main building civil engineering structure and forms, fluidized bed main building civil engineering structure includes between adjacent rubbish hole, the feeding of arranging and mix between the coal, and with the feeding of fluidized bed main building civil engineering structure between and mix between the coal merge become the feeding of the grate furnace that leans on rubbish dead weight landing feeding between.

Optionally, a feeding platform and a first-stage conveying platform are arranged in the fluidized bed main plant civil structure along the height direction from top to bottom in the feeding room; a coal conveying platform, a coal powder receiving platform, a secondary conveying platform, a process platform and a reinforcing platform are arranged in the coal blending room from top to bottom; in the reconstruction process, the secondary conveying platform and the process platform need to be dismantled to install the chute.

Optionally, the hopper is installed by using a pulverized coal receiving platform of a civil construction structure of the fluidized bed main building.

Optionally, a feeder for pushing the garbage in the chute into the grate is arranged at the bottom of the chute, the feeder is fixed through a feeder fixing frame, and the feeder fixing frame is installed by using a reinforcing platform.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention changes the fluidized bed process into the grate furnace process on the premise of not damaging the civil structure of the original fluidized bed process, carries out technical transformation by utilizing the original civil structure of the fluidized bed process, can save investment and reduce the expenditure of labor cost and building material cost, arranges a feeding system of the mechanical grate furnace in the main workshop under the condition of not dismantling the main workshop of the fluidized bed process, and stably and continuously supplies the garbage into the garbage incinerator for combustion.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.

Drawings

For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the disclosed embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the disclosed embodiment;

FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a fluidized bed civil structure;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a fluidized bed civil structure;

FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the feed structure;

fig. 6 is a plan view of a feed structure.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the civil construction of the main building of the fluidized bed will be described before the solution of the present invention is described. The civil structure of the fluidized bed main plant sequentially comprises garbage along the material transportation directionA pit 1, a feeding room 2 and a coal blending room 3, and column lines are respectively The feeding chamber is mainly provided with a feeding platform 2.1, a first-level conveying platform 2.2 and the like from top to bottom along the height direction. The coal blending room is mainly provided with a coal conveying platform 3.1, a coal powder receiving hopper platform 3.2, a secondary conveying platform 3.3, a process platform 3.4, a reinforcing platform 3.5 and the like; the column lines are respectivelyThe civil engineering upright columns are arranged on the rear side of the garbage pit 1 from 0m to the feeding platform 2.1, and the numbers of the upright columns are B-IV, B-III, B-II and B-I from left to right; the number of the civil engineering upright post from 0m to the roof of the main plant is numbered as C-IV, C-III, C-II and C-I from left to right at the rear side of the feeding room 2; and the number of the civil engineering upright post from 0m to 3.1 of the coal conveying platform on the rear side of the coal blending room 3 is numbered as D-IV, D-III, D-II and D-I from left to right.

The garbage pit 1 of the fluidized bed process mainly meets the requirement of storing the garbage for a certain number of days, the garbage is fully fermented, the travelling crane 1.1 and the garbage grab bucket 1.2 are arranged on the garbage pit, and the garbage pit can be used for mixing, stacking, feeding and the like. A feeding chamber 2 and a feeding platform 2.1 of the fluidized bed process are provided with a garbage receiving hopper 4.1, the lower part of the garbage receiving hopper 4.1 is connected with a conveying device, and the conveying device adopts a two-stage conveying device. The two-stage conveying device is characterized in that a first-stage conveying device 4.2 is arranged on a first-stage conveying platform of the feeding room, a second-stage conveying device 4.5 is arranged on a second-stage conveying platform 3.3 of the coal blending room, the head and the tail of the two-stage conveying device are connected, and the second-stage conveying platform 3.3 is lower than the first-stage conveying platform 2.2 by one layer. The coal powder receiving bucket platform 3.2 is arranged on the upper layer of the secondary conveying platform, and the coal conveying platform 3.1 is arranged on the coal powder receiving bucket platform 3.2. In the coal blending room 3, the garbage in the second-stage conveying device 4.5 is mixed with the coal dust and is conveyed into the fluidized bed for combustion.

The technical scheme of the invention is described below, the fluidized bed is changed into a mechanical grate furnace, a garbage self-weight slipping feeding scheme 5 is adopted, and the scheme comprises a feeding hopper 5.1, a chute 5.3 and a feeder 5.4, wherein the feeding hopper 2 and the coal blending chamber 3 are respectively arranged in a feeding room 2 and a coal blending room 3 of the fluidized bed, and civil upright columns and platforms of the feeding room 2 and the coal blending chamber 3 are required to be utilized or partially dismantled. The civil columns C-IV, C-III, C-II and C-I of the feeding room are used because the garbage pit and the grab bucket are needed to be used in connection with the traveling crane 1.1, and the civil columns cannot be removed, so that the feeding hopper of the mechanical grate furnace needs to use the civil columns of the feeding room.

The feeding hopper 5.1 of the mechanical grate furnace is wider due to larger processing tonnage, the width of the feeding hopper 5.1 of the embodiment needs two civil engineering columns C-III and C-II to penetrate through (1 or 3 soil building columns can be adopted to penetrate into the feeding hopper 5.1 in the invention), and the garbage receiving surface 5.7 of the feeding hopper 5.1 extends into the coal blending room 3 according to a certain inclination angle.

The garbage receiving surface 5.7 of the mechanical grate furnace feed hopper 5.1 penetrates through the existing civil upright columns C-III and C-II of the feed room 2, the garbage receiving surface 5.7 and the civil upright columns C-III and C-II form a bayonet 5.8, and in order to prevent garbage from being accumulated at the bayonet 5.8 and prevent the garbage from falling naturally, a material distribution device 5.2 is required to be arranged at the bayonet 5.8. The distributing device 5.2 is slightly wider than the civil engineering upright columns C-III and C-II, and guides garbage to bypass the upright columns and evenly enter the feed hopper 5.1 from two sides.

The civil engineering columns D-IV, D-III, D-II and D-I and the coal conveying platform 3.1, the coal powder receiving hopper platform 3.2, the secondary conveying platform 3.3, the process platform 3.4 and the reinforcing platform 3.5 of the coal blending chamber 3 are arranged at the tail part of the feed hopper 5.1, the chute 5.3, the feeder 5.4 and the feeder support frame 5.5 of the mechanical grate furnace, and are interfered with the secondary conveying platform 3.3, the process platform 3.4 and the intermediate columns D-III and D-II of the coal blending chamber 3, so that the secondary conveying platform 3.3, the process platform 3.4 and the civil engineering columns D-III and D-II need to be dismantled, wherein the civil engineering columns D-III and D-II need to be dismantled from the platform 3.5 to the coal powder receiving hopper platform 3.2, and are reinforced under the coal powder receiving hopper platform 3.2.

The chute 5.3 of the mechanical grate furnace is used for storing garbage to form a certain material column and is connected with the tail part of the feed hopper 5.1. The mechanical grate furnace feeder 5.4 is arranged at the lower part of the chute 5.3 and pushes the garbage stored in the chute 5.3 into the grate 5.6. The fire grate 5.6 of the mechanical fire grate furnace and other equipment are arranged outside the coal blending room 3 and belong to the outside of a main plant.

Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.