阅读说明：本技术 一种玉米旋耕深松镇压浮动式播种机 (Rotary tillage deep scarification suppression floating type corn seeder ) 是由 王宗帅 王法宏 毛瑞喜 王传增 李华伟 李升东 冯波 孔令安 司纪升 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种玉米旋耕深松镇压浮动式播种机,用于方便玉米的播种。它包括连接在一起的播种机主体和播种单元,播种单元包括机架以及固定在机架底部且自前向后依次设置的清茬机构、播种机构和镇压机构；清茬机构包括第一轮架、转动安装在第一轮架下部的转轴、设置在转轴上的若干螺旋状的清茬板；播种机构包括一对第二轮架、转动安装在第二轮架下部的检测轮、设置在两第二轮架之间的第三轮架、转动安装在第三轮架下部的播种轮；镇压机构包括与机架铰接的第四轮架、转动安装在第四轮架底部的镇压辊、固定在机架底部的调节杆、转动安装在第四轮架上的把手、转动安装在调节杆上的螺母；种箱设置在机架上,种箱内的种子逐个进入播种轮内。本发明可以方便在麦茬地对玉米进行播种。(A rotary tillage deep scarification and pressing floating type corn seeder, which is used for facilitating the seeding of corn. The seeding unit comprises a frame, and a stubble cleaning mechanism, a seeding mechanism and a compacting mechanism which are fixed at the bottom of the frame and are sequentially arranged from front to back; the stubble cleaning mechanism comprises a first wheel frame, a rotating shaft rotatably arranged at the lower part of the first wheel frame, and a plurality of spiral stubble cleaning plates arranged on the rotating shaft; the seeding mechanism comprises a pair of second wheel frames, a detection wheel rotatably mounted at the lower part of the second wheel frames, a third wheel frame arranged between the two second wheel frames and a seeding wheel rotatably mounted at the lower part of the third wheel frame; the pressing mechanism comprises a fourth wheel frame hinged with the rack, a pressing roller rotatably arranged at the bottom of the fourth wheel frame, an adjusting rod fixed at the bottom of the rack, a handle rotatably arranged on the fourth wheel frame and a nut rotatably arranged on the adjusting rod; the seed box is arranged on the frame, and seeds in the seed box enter the sowing wheel one by one. The invention can facilitate the seeding of the corn in the wheat stubble field.)

1. A rotary tillage deep scarification suppression floating type corn planter comprises a planter main body and a planting unit which are connected together, and is characterized in that the planting unit comprises a frame, and a stubble cleaning mechanism, a planting mechanism and a suppression mechanism which are fixed at the bottom of the frame and are sequentially arranged from front to back;

the stubble cleaning mechanism comprises a first wheel frame, a rotating shaft rotatably arranged at the lower part of the first wheel frame, a plurality of spiral stubble cleaning plates arranged on the rotating shaft, and a belt wheel fixed at the middle part of the rotating shaft, wherein a plurality of flaky crushing teeth are arranged at the edges of the stubble cleaning plates;

the seeding mechanism comprises a pair of second wheel frames, a detection wheel rotatably mounted at the lower part of the second wheel frames, a third wheel frame arranged between the two second wheel frames, and a seeding wheel rotatably mounted at the lower part of the third wheel frame, wherein a plurality of punching rods arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the circular side wall of the seeding wheel, each punching rod is of a hollow structure formed by two parts, corn seeds in the seeding wheel enter the punching rod, and the corn seeds naturally fall into a soil pit when the punching rod expands outwards after the tail end of the punching rod is inserted into soil;

the pressing mechanism comprises a fourth wheel frame hinged with the rack, a pressing roller rotatably mounted at the bottom of the fourth wheel frame, an adjusting rod fixed at the bottom of the rack, a handle rotatably mounted on the fourth wheel frame, and a nut rotatably mounted on the adjusting rod, wherein the tail end of the handle is provided with external threads and is in threaded connection with the nut;

the seed box is arranged on the frame, and seeds in the seed box enter the sowing wheel one by one.

2. A rotary tillage deep scarification and suppression floating type corn planter according to claim 1 is characterized in that a fixing ring is fixed inside a stubble cleaning plate, a locking bolt is arranged on the fixing ring, and the stubble cleaning plate is fixed with a rotating shaft through the locking bolt.

3. A rotary tillage deep scarification and compacting floating type corn planter according to claim 1, wherein a compacting mechanism is arranged between the second wheel frame and the machine frame, and between the third wheel frame and the machine frame, the compacting mechanism comprises a guide rod fixed at the top of the second wheel frame and the third wheel frame, a fixed cylinder connected with the upper part of the guide rod in a sliding manner, and a spring, the spring is arranged between the fixed cylinder and the second wheel frame or the third wheel frame, and the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected with the machine frame.

4. A rotary tillage deep scarification and press floating type corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the detection wheel and the press roller are both hollow structures.

5. A rotary tillage deep scarification and pressing floating type corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the detection wheel is coaxially arranged with the driving wheel, the sowing wheel is coaxially arranged with the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel.

6. A rotary tillage deep scarification and suppression floating type corn seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that a through hole is formed in the side wall of the seeding wheel, the punching rod comprises a fixed rod fixed on the inner wall of the through hole and a movable rod hinged with the seeding wheel, a torsion spring is arranged between the movable rod and the seeding wheel, and the fixed rod and the movable rod are kept in close contact under the action of the torsion spring; one end of the movable rod is arranged at the inner side of the sowing wheel.

7. A rotary tillage deep scarification and suppression floating type corn planter according to claim 6, wherein the movable rod is hinged with the seeding wheel through a hinge shaft, a gear arranged outside the seeding wheel is fixed on the hinge shaft, a driving plate is arranged at the bottom of the third wheel frame, and teeth for being meshed with the gear are arranged at the lower part of the driving plate.

8. A rotary tillage, deep scarification, suppression and floating type corn planter according to claim 6, characterized in that one end of the punching rod, which is used for extending into soil, is conical.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of corn sowing, in particular to a rotary tillage deep scarification and pressing floating type corn sowing machine.

Background

In the prior art, after wheat is harvested, corn is continuously sown on the land, and when the corn is sown by using a seeder, the following technical problems exist: (1) the wheat stubble is not cleaned, so that the seeding effect is poor, and blockage or seed exposure is easy to cause; (2) the sowing depth is inconsistent, so that the dry seedlings and the seedlings are irregular; (3) wheat stubble is not cleaned, and insect damage is easy to cause.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rotary tillage deep scarification and pressing floating type corn seeder, which is used for facilitating corn seeding.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a rotary tillage deep scarification suppression floating type corn planter comprises a planter main body and a planting unit which are connected together, and is characterized in that the planting unit comprises a frame, and a stubble cleaning mechanism, a planting mechanism and a suppression mechanism which are fixed at the bottom of the frame and are sequentially arranged from front to back;

the stubble cleaning mechanism comprises a first wheel frame, a rotating shaft rotatably arranged at the lower part of the first wheel frame, a plurality of spiral stubble cleaning plates arranged on the rotating shaft, and a belt wheel fixed at the middle part of the rotating shaft, wherein a plurality of flaky crushing teeth are arranged at the edges of the stubble cleaning plates;

the seeding mechanism comprises a pair of second wheel frames, a detection wheel rotatably mounted at the lower part of the second wheel frames, a third wheel frame arranged between the two second wheel frames, and a seeding wheel rotatably mounted at the lower part of the third wheel frame, wherein a plurality of punching rods arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the circular side wall of the seeding wheel, each punching rod is of a hollow structure formed by two parts, corn seeds in the seeding wheel enter the punching rod, and the corn seeds naturally fall into a soil pit when the punching rod expands outwards after the tail end of the punching rod is inserted into soil;

the pressing mechanism comprises a fourth wheel frame hinged with the rack, a pressing roller rotatably mounted at the bottom of the fourth wheel frame, an adjusting rod fixed at the bottom of the rack, a handle rotatably mounted on the fourth wheel frame, and a nut rotatably mounted on the adjusting rod, wherein the tail end of the handle is provided with external threads and is in threaded connection with the nut;

the seed box is arranged on the frame, and seeds in the seed box enter the sowing wheel one by one.

Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixed inside the stubble cleaning plate, a locking bolt is arranged on the fixing ring, and the stubble cleaning plate and the rotating shaft are fixed through the locking bolt.

Furthermore, a pressing mechanism is arranged between the second wheel frame and the rack and between the third wheel frame and the rack, the pressing mechanism comprises a guide rod fixed at the top of the second wheel frame and the top of the third wheel frame, a fixed cylinder connected with the upper part of the guide rod in a sliding manner and a spring, the spring is arranged between the fixed cylinder and the second wheel frame or the third wheel frame, and the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected with the rack.

Furthermore, the detection wheel and the press roller are both of a hollow structure.

Furthermore, the detection wheel and the driving wheel are coaxially arranged, the sowing wheel and the driven wheel are coaxially arranged, and the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel.

Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the sowing wheel, the punching rod comprises a fixed rod fixed on the inner wall of the through hole and a movable rod hinged with the sowing wheel, a torsion spring is arranged between the movable rod and the sowing wheel, and the fixed rod and the movable rod are kept in close contact under the action of the torsion spring; one end of the movable rod is arranged at the inner side of the sowing wheel.

Furthermore, the movable rod is hinged with the sowing wheel through a hinged shaft, a gear arranged on the outer side of the sowing wheel is fixed on the hinged shaft, a driving plate is arranged at the bottom of the third wheel frame, and teeth meshed with the gear are arranged at the lower part of the driving plate.

Furthermore, one end of the perforating rod, which is used for extending into the soil, is conical.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rotary tillage, deep scarification, pressing and floating type corn seeder provided by the invention can realize smashing and cleaning of wheat stubble and rotary tillage of soil to obtain a seeding belt of 20cm, seeding can be carried out on the seeding belt, and seeding is carried out by adopting the seeding wheel rotating along with the seeder during seeding, so that the seeding interval is fixed, and no additional power is required. When the sowing machine encounters the ground with uneven height, the detection wheel moves up and down to drive the sowing wheel to move up and down, so that the consistency of the sowing depth is ensured. After the seeding, implement the suppression, ensure that the seed does not expose, and the suppression roller height-adjustable is convenient for adjust and is pressed real-time dynamics to corn seed, ensures that the seed breaks the ground and emerges.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the planting unit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a stubble cleaning mechanism;

FIG. 4 is an axial view of the stubble cleaning plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a positioning ring disposed on the stubble cleaning plate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the movement of the stubble cleaning plate on the rotating shaft;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seed planting mechanism;

FIG. 8 is an axial view of the sowing wheel;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the perforating rod after it has been opened;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the seed planting mechanism;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a ballast mechanism;

in the figure: the seeder comprises a seeder main body, a frame 2, a stubble cleaning mechanism 3, a first wheel carrier 31, a rotating shaft 32, a stubble cleaning plate 33, a cleaning plate 34, a driven pulley 35, a fixing ring 36, a locking bolt 37, a seeding mechanism 4, a second wheel carrier 41, a detection wheel 42, a third wheel carrier 43, a seeding wheel 44, a wheel 441 hub, a fixing rod 442, a movable rod 443, a shading cloth 444, a gear 445, a driving plate 45, a guide rod 46, a fixed cylinder 47, a spring 471, a driving wheel 48, a driven wheel 49, a pressing mechanism 5, a fourth wheel carrier 51, a pressing roller 52, a bearing seat 53, a handle 54, a regulating rod 55, a nut 56 and a seed box 6.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the present invention mainly comprises a seeder body 1 and a seeding unit, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the seeder body 1 is a main body structure of the present invention, the seeder body has a traveling unit and a cab, and an operator sits on the seeder body to drive the seeder to travel in the field when using the seeder. A sowing unit is installed at the tail of the sowing machine main body and used for executing sowing operation.

As shown in fig. 2, the sowing unit comprises a frame 2, a stubble cleaning mechanism 3, a sowing mechanism 4 and a compacting mechanism 5, wherein the frame 2 is fixedly connected with the sowing machine main body. The stubble cleaning mechanism 3, the seeding mechanism 4 and the compacting mechanism 5 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the frame from front to back. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the stubble cleaning mechanism includes a pair of first wheel frames 31 fixed at the bottom of the frame, a rotating shaft 32 arranged between the two first wheel frames, a plurality of stubble cleaning plates 33 arranged on the rotating shaft, and a driven pulley 35 fixed on the rotating shaft, the driven pulley is fixed at the middle part of the rotating shaft, a stubble cleaning motor is arranged on the frame, a driving pulley is arranged at the output end of the stubble cleaning motor, and a belt is arranged between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, so as to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The spiral stubble cleaning plate 33 is fixed on the rotating shaft and is spiral, the side wall of the stubble cleaning plate is fixed with a plurality of cleaning plates 34 which are sheet-shaped and evenly arranged on the side wall of the stubble cleaning plate, and when the stubble cleaning plate is used, the cleaning plates are used for cleaning wheat stubble above the ground surface, and can also break soil to smash the wheat stubble below the ground surface and turn over soil. The cleaning plates can break wheat stubble on the ground surface, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the plurality of stubble cleaning plates synchronously act to turn over the ground surface to obtain a seeding belt with the width of about 20 cm.

In order to adjust the position of the stubble cleaning plate on the rotating shaft conveniently so as to meet the requirements of different wheat stubble cleaning and the acquisition of seeding belts with different intervals, as shown in fig. 5, a fixing ring 36 is fixed on the inner wall of the stubble cleaning plate, a locking bolt 37 is arranged on the fixing ring, when the stubble cleaning plate is used, the fixing ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, as shown in fig. 6, the position of the stubble cleaning plate is adjusted left and right, and then the rotating shaft and the stubble cleaning plate are locked and fixed through the locking bolt.

The stubble cleaning mechanism is used for crushing and cleaning wheat stubble and ploughing the wheat stubble on the ground surface to form a corn sowing belt.

As shown in fig. 7 to 11, the sowing mechanism includes a pair of second wheel frames 41 movably disposed at the bottom of the frame, a detection wheel 42 rotatably connected to each second wheel frame, a pair of third wheel frames 43 disposed between the two first wheel frames, and a sowing wheel 44 disposed between the two third wheel frames, and the two detection wheels are disposed left and right with the advancing direction of the sowing machine as the front side, and the detection wheels are hollow to reduce the weight. The detection wheel is used for detecting the ground flatness, and when the seeder main body walks, the detection wheel is in contact with the surface of soil, so that the rotation is realized. As shown in fig. 9, the seeding wheel 44 is a cylindrical hollow structure, the center of the seeding wheel is a hub 441, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the seeding wheel, a punching rod is arranged in the through holes and comprises a fixed rod 442 and a movable rod 443, the length of the movable rod is greater than that of the fixed rod, wherein the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the through hole, the first end of the movable rod is arranged at the inner side of the seeding wheel and is hinged with the seeding wheel, a torsion spring is arranged between the seeding wheel and the movable rod, the fixed rod and the movable rod are in close contact under the action of the torsion spring, the fixed rod and the movable rod form a hollow conical structure in a surrounding manner, a shielding cloth 444 is arranged between the side wall of the movable rod and the inner wall of the through hole, and the sealing between the movable rod and the through hole is realized. The movable rod is hinged with the sowing wheel through a hinged shaft, a gear 445 arranged on the outer side of the sowing wheel is fixed on the hinged shaft, a driving plate 45 is fixed at the bottom of one of the third wheel frames, the bottom of the driving plate is arc-shaped and provided with teeth, when the sowing wheel rotates, after the gear rotates to be in contact with the bottom of the driving plate, the gear is meshed with the driving plate, and when the gear rotates along with the sowing wheel, the gear rotates around the axis of the gear, as shown in fig. 10, when the gear rotates, the movable rod swings relative to the fixed rod, and at the moment, the punching rod expands outwards. In a natural state, a punching rod formed by the fixed rod and the movable rod encloses a closed cavity, and the punching rod can penetrate into soil to realize punching; when the punching rod expands outwards, the corn seeds in the punching rod can fall naturally. The cavity inside the punching rod is used for storing corn seeds, and the corn seeds fall into the cavity of the punching rod one by one. The third wheel frame is used for supporting the seeding wheel, the side wall of the third wheel frame can be provided with a guide pipe, seeds in the guide pipe can enter the inner cavity of the seeding wheel through the inner side of the wheel hub, and then slide from a high position to a low position along the inner wall of the seeding wheel until sliding to the punching rod at the lowest point. The third wheel frame can be of a hollow structure, a hollow shaft for supporting the hub is arranged at the lower part of the third wheel frame, and seeds move in the third wheel frame and fall into the inner side of the sowing wheel through the hollow shaft.

In order to maintain the contact between the detection wheel and the ground surface, a pressing mechanism is provided between the second wheel carrier and the frame, as shown in fig. 11, the pressing mechanism includes a fixed cylinder 47 fixed on the frame, a guide bar 46 fixed on the top of the second wheel carrier and slidably connected with the fixed cylinder, and a spring 471 arranged between the top of the second wheel carrier and the fixed cylinder, and the detection wheel is maintained in contact with the ground surface under the action of the spring. When the ground surface is uneven and the detection wheel is contacted with a higher place of the ground surface, the second wheel frame compresses the spring to move upwards.

A pressing mechanism is also arranged between the third wheel frame and the frame, and the installation mode is the same as the installation mode between the second wheel frame and the frame. In order to drive the rotation of the sowing wheel, the detection wheel is arranged coaxially with the driving wheel 48, the sowing wheel is arranged coaxially with the driven wheel 49, the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel, so that the sowing wheel is driven when the detection wheel rotates. When the detection wheel moves upwards, the driving wheel supports the driven wheel to move upwards, and then the sowing wheel moves upwards synchronously, so that the general consistency of the sowing depth is ensured.

The sowing mechanism is used for sowing the corn seeds and burying the corn seeds in the soil pit. Set up seed case 6 at the frame top, set up the pipeline between seed case and the seeding wheel, seed in the seed case gets into the seeding wheel inboard through the pipeline, and in proper order, acquire maize seed from the seed case one by one to take turns with its transport to the seeding. After the punching rod stretches into soil to realize punching, and when the punching rod continues to rotate and is far away from the earth's surface, the driving plate is meshed with the gear, so that the punching rod expands outwards, and corn seeds in the punching rod naturally fall into the soil pit at the moment.

After sowing, the soil pit is buried and compacted, and as shown in fig. 12, the compacting mechanism includes a pair of fourth wheel frames 51 hinged to the bottom of the frame, a compacting roller 52 rotatably mounted to the bottom of the fourth wheel frames, a bearing seat 53 fixed to the fourth wheel frames, a handle 54 rotatably mounted to the bearing seat, an adjusting rod 55 fixed to the bottom of the frame, and a nut 56 rotatably mounted to the adjusting rod, wherein an external thread is provided at the end of the handle and the handle is connected to the nut by a thread. When rotating the handle, can order about in the terminal screw in nut of handle, and then adjust the fourth wheel frame and adjust the distance between the pole, and then realize the regulation to the compression roller high position, and then adjust the contact pressure between compression roller and the ground, and then adjust and carry out landfill, the dynamics of compaction to corn seed.

The compacting mechanism is used for burying and compacting the sowed corn seeds so as to ensure that the corn seeds are not exposed and can successfully break the soil to emerge after the corn seeds germinate.

The invention can realize the smashing and cleaning of wheat stubble and the rotary tillage of soil to obtain a seeding belt of 20cm, and can implement seeding on the seeding belt, and seeding is carried out by adopting a seeding wheel rotating along with the seeding machine during seeding, the seeding interval is fixed, and no additional power is needed. When the sowing machine encounters the ground with uneven height, the detection wheel moves up and down to drive the sowing wheel to move up and down, so that the consistency of the sowing depth is ensured. After the seeding, implement the suppression, ensure that the seed does not expose, and the suppression roller height-adjustable is convenient for adjust and is pressed real-time dynamics to corn seed, ensures that the seed breaks the ground and emerges.