Multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure

文档序号:206053 发布日期:2021-11-05 浏览:32次 中文

阅读说明:本技术 一种多自由度局域共振型超阻尼复合结构 (Multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure ) 是由 宋玉宝 吴松岭 刘祥 梁勇 王勇 范正磊 于 2021-07-14 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及阻尼减振降噪技术领域,具体公开了一种多自由度局域共振型超阻尼复合结构,包括基体、安装在基体表面的阻尼件,所述阻尼件包括呈周期性分布在基体表面的若干个多自由度局域共振阻尼单元组;每个所述多自由度局域共振阻尼单元组包括若干个多自由度局域共振阻尼单元。本发明适用于板状、壳状等结构,能够在更低、更宽频段实现更高效的阻尼减振。(The invention relates to the technical field of damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction, and particularly discloses a multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure which comprises a base body and a damping part arranged on the surface of the base body, wherein the damping part comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups periodically distributed on the surface of the base body; each multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit group comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units. The invention is suitable for plate-shaped and shell-shaped structures and can realize more efficient damping vibration attenuation at lower and wider frequency bands.)

1. A multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure is characterized by comprising a base body and a damping piece arranged on the surface of the base body, wherein the damping piece comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups which are periodically distributed on the surface of the base body; each multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit group comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units.

2. The multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure according to claim 1, wherein when the damping member comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups, different multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups are made of the same and/or different damping materials.

3. The multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure according to claim 2, wherein the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit comprises a neck structure unit mounted on a surface of a base.

4. The multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit further comprises a vibration unit installed at a side of the neck structure unit away from the base.

5. The multiple degree of freedom local resonance type ultra-damped composite structure of claim 4, wherein the vibration unit is in any one of a disc shape, a square disc shape, a cross shape, and a Y-shaped structure.

6. The multiple degree of freedom local resonance type ultra-damped composite structure of claim 4, wherein the neck structure unit is in the shape of a short column.

7. The multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units are made of damping materials with the same or different parameters.

8. The multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance-type super-damping composite structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the neck structure unit is made of a metal material, and the vibration unit is made of a damping material.

9. The multiple degree of freedom local resonance type super damped composite structure according to claim 1, wherein said damping member is installed on one or both sides of the base.

10. The multiple degree of freedom local resonance type ultra-damped composite structure according to claim 9, wherein the substrate is any one of a plate-like structure and a shell structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction, in particular to a multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure.

Background

The slab shell type structure is widely applied to vehicles such as aircrafts, ships, trains and automobiles, the acoustic characteristic of the slab shell type structure has direct influence on the internal noise environment, and meanwhile, the slab shell type structure can cause fatigue failure of the slab shell type structure due to strong vibration caused by bearing complex loads in the operation of related equipment, so that the service life of the slab shell type structure is shortened, and safety problems can be caused. Correspondingly, the development of the vibration suppression technology of the plate-shell structure has important positive significance, and damping vibration attenuation is just one of the technical schemes which are widely concerned.

In general, damped damping designs can be divided into discrete damping, which is mainly a type of damper, and continuous damping, which includes free damping and constrained damping. The common resonance type damper is generally composed of an elastic damping material unit and a hard material mass unit, is mainly based on the design idea of the resonance type vibration absorber with damping single degree of freedom, is generally installed at a position with stronger vibration when applied to a plate structure, and has the main defects of narrower low-frequency action frequency band and higher installation position selection requirement; the free damping is realized by pasting a damping material on the surface of the substrate in a large area, the operation is simple, but the effect is usually relatively weak, especially on low frequency; the constrained damping is to add a constrained layer on the outer surface of the free damping layer, so that the shear deformation of the damped layer is increased, and more energy is consumed.

In recent years, the research on the acoustic metamaterial has received wide attention, and the idea is also introduced to the design of vibration and noise reduction of the plate structure. A typical metamaterial-type plate structure is formed by periodically mounting two-component local resonance units (generally, a spring-vibrator structure) consisting of soft material units and hard material units on the surface of a base body. In general, in the research based on this design concept, the suppression of vibration transmission and the like is mainly performed by the mass amplification effect and the negative mass effect of the two-component local resonance unit and the wave propagation modulation effect generated by the periodic installation, and the design of the damping is less concerned.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure; the damping vibration attenuation can be realized more efficiently at lower and wider frequency bands.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:

a multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure comprises a base body and a damping piece arranged on the surface of the base body, wherein the damping piece comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups which are periodically distributed on the surface of the base body; each multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit group comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units.

By arranging a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups, more resonance modes which can exert outstanding damping vibration attenuation effects are generated in an expected vibration attenuation frequency band; the multiple multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups generate enough resonance modes in an expected vibration reduction frequency band, the reaction forces of different types of resonance modes are effectively transmitted to the base body, and effective absorption and dissipation of energy can be realized.

The invention can obviously improve the low-frequency and wide-frequency vibration and noise reduction effects by installing a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units on the surface of the substrate and simultaneously utilizing the forbidden band effect, the damping effect, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance effect and the tension-compression/shear deformation amplification effect.

In some possible embodiments, when the damping member includes a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups, different multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups are made of the same and/or different damping materials.

In some possible embodiments, the multiple degree of freedom local resonance damping unit includes a neck structure unit mounted on a surface of a base.

In some possible embodiments, the multiple degree of freedom local resonance damping unit further includes a vibration unit installed at a side of the neck structure unit away from the base.

In some possible embodiments, the vibration unit has any one of a disk-shaped, a square disk-shaped, a cross-shaped, and a Y-shaped structure.

In some possible embodiments, the neck structure unit is in the shape of a short column.

In some possible embodiments, each of the multiple degree of freedom local resonance damping unit groups includes a plurality of multiple degree of freedom local resonance damping units; the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit is made of damping materials with the same or different parameters.

In some possible embodiments, when the neck structure unit and the vibration unit are combined to be the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit, the neck structure unit is made of a metal material, and the vibration unit is made of a damping material.

In some possible embodiments, the damping member is mounted on one or both sides of the base.

In some possible embodiments, the substrate is any one of a plate-like structure and a shell-like structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

on one hand, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit generates multiple vibration modes such as longitudinal vibration, bending vibration and shearing vibration and generates multiple resonance responses in a main action frequency band, so that the damping effect is remarkably amplified;

on the other hand, in the process of generating the vibration response, different types of reaction force to the base body can be generated, so that the suppression of the vibration response of the base body with different degrees of freedom of the installation position of the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit is realized, the suppression effect is transmitted to the whole base body through the transmission of the base body, meanwhile, an elastic wave forbidden band can be generated by adopting the elastic wave modulation effect generated by periodic distribution or detuning periodic distribution, and the vibration response can be remarkably suppressed in the corresponding frequency band.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axial view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an axial view showing the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is an axial view showing embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a side view of example 4 of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a substrate; 2. a multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit; 21. a neck structural unit; 22. a vibration unit; 3. and (4) mounting the frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the drawings of the present invention, it should be understood that different technical features which are not mutually substituted are shown in the same drawing only for the convenience of simplifying the drawing description and reducing the number of drawings, and the embodiment described with reference to the drawings does not indicate or imply that all the technical features in the drawings are included, and thus the present invention is not to be construed as being limited thereto.

The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below.

As shown in fig. 1-11:

a multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance type super-damping composite structure comprises a base body 1 and a damping piece arranged on the surface of the base body 1, wherein the damping piece comprises a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups which are periodically distributed on the surface of the base body 1.

By arranging a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups, more resonance modes which can exert outstanding damping vibration attenuation effects are generated in an expected vibration attenuation frequency band; the multiple multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups generate enough resonance modes in an expected vibration reduction frequency band, the reaction forces of different types of resonance modes are effectively transmitted to the base body 1, and the effective absorption and dissipation of energy are realized.

According to the invention, a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups are arranged on the surface of the substrate 1, and the forbidden band effect, the damping effect, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance effect and the tension-compression/shear deformation amplification effect are utilized, so that the low-frequency and wide-frequency vibration and noise reduction effects can be obviously improved.

In some possible embodiments, in order to make the resonant mode richer and meet the use requirement, when the damping member includes a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups, different multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit groups are made of the same and/or different damping materials.

Preferably, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit can be made of rubber materials, silica gel materials and foam materials.

In some possible embodiments, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 includes a neck structure unit 21 mounted on the surface of the base 1;

preferably, as shown in fig. 9, when the neck structure unit 21 is used as the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2, it is made of a damping material.

In some possible embodiments, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 further includes a vibration unit 22 installed on a side of the neck structure unit 21 away from the base 1.

In some possible embodiments, the vibration unit 22 has any one of a disk-shaped, a square disk-shaped, a cross-shaped, and a Y-shaped structure.

In some possible embodiments, the neck structure unit 21 is in the shape of a short column. The short column shape can be in the form of a square column, a cylinder, an arc short column, and the like.

In some possible embodiments, each of the multiple degree of freedom local resonance damping unit groups includes a plurality of multiple degree of freedom local resonance damping units 2; and a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units 2 in each multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit group are made of damping materials with the same or different parameters.

The damping materials with the same or different parameters described herein can be made into two damping materials with different parameters, or can be made into one damping material with one parameter; such as: when the damping material is rubber, the damping material can be rubber with two different parameters; rubber which can also be a parameter;

in some possible embodiments, when the neck structure unit and the vibration unit are combined to be the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2, the neck structure unit 21 is made of a metal material, and the vibration unit 22 is made of a damping material; preferably, the neck structure unit 21 is in the shape of a metal washer.

In some possible embodiments, the damping member is mounted on one or both sides of the base 1.

In some possible embodiments, the substrate 1 has any one of a plate-like structure and a shell-like structure.

The plate-shaped structure can be a single-layer plate, a sandwich plate or a multi-layer plate;

in some possible embodiments, the damping member and the surface of the base body 1 can be connected by means of adhesion, screw connection, or the like.

According to the invention, each multi-freedom-degree local resonance damping unit 2 generates multiple vibration modes such as longitudinal vibration, bending vibration and shearing vibration, and generates multiple resonance responses in a main action frequency band, so that the damping effect is remarkably amplified; on the other hand, in the process of generating the vibration response, different types of reaction force to the base body 1 can be generated, so that the suppression of the vibration response of the base body 1 with different degrees of freedom at the installation position of the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 is realized, the suppression effect is transmitted to the whole base body 1 through the transmission of the base body 1, meanwhile, an elastic wave forbidden band can be generated by adopting the elastic wave modulation effect generated by the periodic distribution, and the vibration response can be remarkably suppressed in the corresponding frequency band.

In the working process, when the base body 1 vibrates, the vibration of the multi-freedom-degree local resonance damping unit 2 is caused at the same time;

on one hand, the acoustic metamaterial can be similar to an acoustic metamaterial of an additional double-component local resonance unit to generate an elastic wave forbidden band, so that vibration transmission of a corresponding frequency band is remarkably inhibited;

on the other hand, the damping effect similar to that of a damper can be generated, but different resonance modes such as longitudinal vibration, bending vibration, shearing vibration and the like can be generated due to the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance design adopted by the invention, and denser resonance frequency distribution can exist in a wider frequency band, so that the damping effect can be obviously enhanced based on the resonance effect.

In addition, compared with the traditional resonant damper, the periodic distribution design of the damper is more beneficial to generating a global vibration reduction effect in a wide frequency band besides generating an elastic wave forbidden band.

In practical application, the material parameters and the structural dimensions of the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 can be comprehensively designed according to specific vibration reduction requirements, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 generates enough resonance modes in an expected vibration reduction frequency band, the reaction forces of different types of resonance modes are effectively transmitted to the base body 1 through the neck structural unit 21, and effective absorption and dissipation of energy are realized; the method has the advantages that the high-efficiency vibration reduction is realized, meanwhile, the good effect of reducing the noise radiation of the medium-low frequency band is realized, and only the influence of strong damping on the sound radiation efficiency needs to be paid attention to.

Example 1:

as shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings,

in the present embodiment, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 includes a neck structure unit 21 having a cylindrical shape and a vibration unit 22 having a disk shape mounted on the neck structure unit 21, and is mounted on one side surface of the base 1 by means of adhesion;

preferably, the diameter of the vibration unit 22 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the neck structural unit.

In practice, a plurality of multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units 2 made of different materials and having different geometric parameters may be grouped, and further, the damping units may be periodically distributed on the surface of the substrate 1 in units of groups.

The multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 in the embodiment is made of a damping material with a single coefficient;

for the situation that richer resonance modes need to be introduced, two or more sets of parameter setting multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units 2 can be adopted.

Example 2:

as shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings,

in the present embodiment, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 includes a neck structural unit 21 in a square column shape, and a vibration unit 22 installed on the neck structural unit 21 and in a cross shape;

by adopting the arrangement mode of the embodiment, the size in a single direction can be increased under the same material consumption, more middle and low frequency modes are generated, and the vibration reduction effect of the corresponding frequency band is further improved.

Example 3:

as shown in figures 9-11 of the drawings,

compared with the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 is a short columnar structure; this arrangement takes up only little space parallel to the surface of the substrate 1, but in the space perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 1, it has a larger dimension and is made of a damping material.

In practical application, considering that other devices may be installed on the outer side of the structure of the base body 1, and further, the damping unit cannot be completely guaranteed to be in a linear structure, at this time, a damping unit with a certain bending design or even a special-shaped design, such as an arc short column, can be adopted.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 12 and 13, this embodiment is a use of embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the structure of embodiment 1 is mounted on a mounting frame 3, such as a C-shaped rib shown in the figure; the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 is positioned in a cavity formed by the base body 1 and the two C-shaped reinforcements.

In the embodiments 1 to 4, the multiple-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping units 2 are uniformly distributed on the surface of one side of the substrate 1, but may be distributed on both sides of the substrate 1 according to specific situations; the cross-sectional shape of the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 is not limited to the circular shape and the square shape already given in the figure, and various shapes can be adopted;

the structural form of the base 1 may be a sandwich plate structure, a laminated plate structure, or the like, in addition to the single-layer plate structure as shown in fig. 1 to 13. Even more, the arrangement of the multi-degree-of-freedom local resonance damping unit 2 may not require strict periodic distribution due to installation and the like limitations, that is: the detuning periodic distribution can achieve good global vibration reduction effect of the plate structure as long as the distribution density is certain.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the neck structure unit 21 is made of a metal material and is in a shape of a metal washer, and can be connected to the base body 1 by bolts, the vibration unit 22 is installed on a side of the neck structure unit 21 away from the base body 1, and the vibration unit 22 is made of a damping material.

The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.

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