阅读说明：本技术 基于磁控形状记忆效应的抱紧力可调橡胶密封结构 (Holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure based on magnetic control shape memory effect ) 是由 王冰清 李晓暄 陈源 金杰 彭旭东 孙星星 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：基于磁控形状记忆效应的抱紧力可调橡胶密封结构,包括橡胶密封圈和抱紧力调节装置。橡胶密封圈包括橡胶基体、金属骨架、密封唇、防尘唇；抱紧力调节装置包括螺旋调节器、楔形滑块、磁控形状记忆合金块、励磁线圈、合金块安装座、压盖、第一螺钉、第二螺钉。所述抱紧力调节装置通过推动楔形滑块运动、挤压橡胶基体变形来调控密封抱紧力；所述螺旋调节器通过移动磁控形状记忆合金块来推动楔形滑动运动,对密封抱紧力的调整具有断电保护性；所述磁控形状记忆合金块通过在磁场作用下自身变形来推动楔形滑动运动,磁场大小可通过调节外部电源的电压或电流来实现。本发明可实现橡胶密封件抱紧力的实时调控,可有效提高密封可靠性、延长密封服役寿命。(The rubber sealing structure with the adjustable holding force based on the magnetic control shape memory effect comprises a rubber sealing ring and a holding force adjusting device. The rubber sealing ring comprises a rubber base body, a metal framework, a sealing lip and a dust lip; the holding force adjusting device comprises a screw adjuster, a wedge-shaped sliding block, a magnetic control shape memory alloy block, an excitation coil, an alloy block mounting seat, a gland, a first screw and a second screw. The clamping force adjusting device adjusts and controls the sealing clamping force by pushing the wedge-shaped sliding block to move and extruding the rubber base body to deform; the spiral regulator pushes the wedge-shaped sliding motion by moving the magnetic control shape memory alloy block, and has power-off protection on the adjustment of the sealing holding force; the magnetic control shape memory alloy block pushes the wedge-shaped sliding motion by self deformation under the action of a magnetic field, and the size of the magnetic field can be realized by adjusting the voltage or the current of an external power supply. The invention can realize real-time regulation and control of the holding force of the rubber sealing element, effectively improve the sealing reliability and prolong the service life of the sealing.)

1. The rubber sealing structure with the adjustable holding force based on the magnetic control shape memory effect comprises a rubber sealing ring and a holding force adjusting device;

the rubber sealing ring comprises a rubber base body (1), a metal framework (2), a dust lip (4) and a sealing lip (5); the cross section of the part, coated by the rubber matrix (1), of the metal framework (2) is L-shaped, and a first threaded through hole (21) is formed in the structure exposed on the medium side; the sealing lip (5) is in interference fit with the shaft, and the dust lip (4) is positioned on the low-dielectric pressure side;

the holding force adjusting device is positioned on the high-medium pressure side and comprises a wedge-shaped sliding block (3), a magnetic control shape memory alloy block (6), a first screw (7), an alloy block mounting seat (8), a spiral adjuster (9), a gland (10), an excitation coil (11) and a second screw (12); the inner conical surface of the wedge-shaped sliding block (3) is tightly attached to the surface of the rubber matrix (1), and the left end surface of the wedge-shaped sliding block is tightly attached to the right end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block (6); the right end face of the alloy block mounting seat (8) is provided with a plurality of alloy block mounting grooves (82) along the circumferential direction, the left end face of the alloy block mounting seat is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (83), and the outer cylindrical surface is provided with an external thread (81); the bottom of each alloy block mounting groove (82) is provided with a plurality of through holes (84) communicated with the left end face of the alloy block mounting seat (8); the cross section of the gland (10) is L-shaped, the left end face is sequentially provided with a plurality of second threaded through holes (103), third threaded through holes (105) and fourth threaded through holes (106) along the radial direction, and the left end face is provided with a pressure relief hole (101), a wire inlet hole (102) and a wire outlet hole (104) which are communicated with the right end face; the gland (10) is fixedly connected with the metal framework (2) through a second screw (12), a first threaded through hole (21) and a fourth threaded through hole (106), and is fixedly connected with the alloy block mounting seat (8) through a first screw (7), a second threaded through hole (103) and a threaded hole (83); the excitation coil (11) is wound on the external thread (81) of the alloy block mounting seat (8), and leads in and out of a lead interface from a lead-in hole (102) and a lead-out hole (104), and the lead interface is connected with an external controllable power supply; the screw regulator (9) is sequentially fixed on the gland (10) and the alloy block mounting seat (8) through a third threaded through hole (105) and a through hole (84) and is tightly attached to the left end face of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block (6);

the magnet exciting coil (11) generates a magnetic field after being electrified, and the magnetic field intensity is changed by adjusting the voltage or the current of the external controllable power supply; the magnetic control shape memory alloy block (6) deforms along the groove depth direction of the alloy block mounting groove (82) under the action of the magnetic field so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block (3) to extrude the rubber base body (1) to change the holding force of the rubber sealing ring; the screw regulator (9) changes the distance between the left end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block (6) and the bottom of the alloy block mounting groove (82) through clockwise or anticlockwise rotation so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block (3) to extrude the rubber base body (1) to change the holding force of the rubber sealing ring.

2. The magnetic shape memory effect-based holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the screw regulator (9) can be driven by manual rotation or by a combined motor.

3. The magnetic shape memory effect-based holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block (6) is a cuboid, a cylinder or a fan-ring column.

4. The magnetic shape memory effect-based holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the oil side contact angle of the sealing lip (5) is larger than the air side contact angle, the oil side contact angle range is 40-60 degrees, and the air side contact angle range is 20-35 degrees.

5. The magnetic shape memory effect-based holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the magnetic control shape memory alloy blocks (6), the spiral regulator (9), the first screws (7), the second screws (12) and the alloy block mounting grooves (82) is N, and the value of N is 2-24.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rubber molding sealing structure design, in particular to a holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure based on a magnetic control shape memory effect, which can be used as a rotary or reciprocating dynamic seal and a static seal.

Background

The rubber forming seal is a typical self-tightening seal, and elastic deformation is generated by interference fit of a rubber seal lip and a shaft, so that the contact pressure of a seal interface is greater than the pressure of a sealed medium, a leakage channel is blocked to realize a sealing function, and the rubber forming seal is widely applied to rotary or reciprocating mechanical equipment in the fields of aerospace, ships and vehicles, petrochemical engineering, engineering machinery and the like.

In a long-period service process, the sealing lip inevitably generates abrasion, so that the interference between the seal and the shaft is reduced, the seal holding force is reduced, and medium leakage, economic loss and even safety accidents are caused. However, the traditional rubber molded sealing element does not have the function of self-compensating the holding force, and once the traditional rubber molded sealing element is worn, the sealing failure is induced, so that the sealing reliability is not high; in addition, under the high-parameter working conditions such as ultrahigh/high speed, high pressure, high temperature and the like and the severe service environments such as high solid, strong vibration, wide temperature change and the like, the sealing element is more easily worn, and the requirement on the sealing reliability is higher, so that the sealing element is particularly required to be capable of compensating lip wear in time or manually regulating and controlling the holding force to realize the optimal operation of sealing, thereby improving the sealing performance and the operation reliability of the sealing element under the high-parameter working conditions and the severe service environments and prolonging the service life of the sealing element.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure based on a magnetic control shape memory effect, lip abrasion compensation is realized by regulating and controlling the holding force between a sealing lip and a shaft, so that a sealing element can adapt to complicated and changeable working conditions, the reliability of the sealing element is improved, and the service life of the sealing element is prolonged.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the rubber sealing structure with the adjustable holding force based on the magnetic control shape memory effect comprises a rubber sealing ring and a holding force adjusting device;

the rubber sealing ring comprises a rubber base body 1, a metal framework 2, a dust lip 4 and a sealing lip 5; the cross section of the part, coated by the rubber matrix 1, of the metal framework 2 is L-shaped, and a first threaded through hole 21 is formed in the structure exposed on the medium side; the sealing lip 5 is in interference fit with the shaft, and the dust lip 4 is positioned on the low-dielectric pressure side;

the holding force adjusting device is positioned on the high-medium pressure side and comprises a wedge-shaped sliding block 3, a magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6, a first screw 7, an alloy block mounting seat 8, a spiral adjuster 9, a gland 10, an excitation coil 11 and a second screw 12; the inner conical surface of the wedge-shaped sliding block 3 is tightly attached to the surface of the rubber matrix 1, and the left end surface of the wedge-shaped sliding block is tightly attached to the right end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6; the right end face of the alloy block mounting seat 8 is provided with a plurality of alloy block mounting grooves 82 along the circumferential direction, the left end face of the alloy block mounting seat is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 83, and the outer cylindrical surface is provided with external threads 81; the bottom of each alloy block mounting groove 82 is provided with a plurality of through holes 84 communicated with the left end face of the alloy block mounting seat 8; the cross section of the gland 10 is in an L shape, the left end surface is sequentially provided with a plurality of second threaded through holes 103, third threaded through holes 105 and fourth threaded through holes 106 along the radial direction, and the left end surface is provided with a pressure relief hole 101, a wire inlet hole 102 and a wire outlet hole 104 which are communicated with the right end surface; the gland 10 is fixedly connected with the metal framework 2 through a second screw 12, a first threaded through hole 21 and a fourth threaded through hole 106, and is fixedly connected with the alloy block mounting seat 8 through a first screw 7, a second threaded through hole 103 and a threaded hole 83; the excitation coil 11 is wound on the external thread 81 of the alloy block mounting seat 8, and lead-in and lead-out wire interfaces are respectively led in and led out from a wire inlet hole 102 and a wire outlet hole 104, and the wire interfaces are connected with an external controllable power supply; the screw regulator 9 is sequentially fixed on the gland 10 and the alloy block mounting seat 8 through a third threaded through hole 105 and a through hole 84 and is tightly attached to the left end face of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6;

the magnet exciting coil 11 generates a magnetic field after being electrified, and the magnetic field intensity is changed by adjusting the voltage or the current of the external controllable power supply; the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6 deforms along the groove depth direction of the alloy block mounting groove 82 under the action of the magnetic field so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block 3 to extrude the rubber base body 1 to change the holding force of the rubber sealing ring; the screw regulator 9 changes the distance between the left end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6 and the bottom of the alloy block mounting groove 82 by clockwise or anticlockwise rotation so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block 3 to extrude the rubber base body 1 to change the holding force of the rubber sealing ring.

Further: the screw adjuster 9 can be driven by manual rotation or by a combination of electric motors.

Further: the shape of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6 is a cuboid, a cylinder or a fan-ring column.

Further: the contact angle of the oil side of the sealing lip 5 is larger than that of the air side, the contact angle range of the oil side is 40-60 degrees, and the contact angle range of the air side is 20-35 degrees.

Further: the number of the magnetic control shape memory alloy blocks 6, the spiral regulator 9, the first screws 7, the second screws 12 and the alloy block mounting grooves 82 is N, and the value of N is 2-24.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure based on a magnetic control shape memory effect. The holding force adjusting device is used for adjusting and controlling the holding force between the rubber sealing ring and the shaft, and is realized by pushing the wedge-shaped sliding block to move and extruding the rubber base body to deform. The spiral regulator structure changes the displacement of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block along the axial direction by clockwise or anticlockwise rotation to realize the regulation and control of the holding force, and has power-off protection; the magnetic control shape memory alloy structure with the coupled excitation coil realizes the regulation and control of the holding force by changing the shape of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block, and has the real-time performance of on-line regulation and control. The specific working principle is as follows:

(1) the first regulation and control means is as follows: the working principle of the spiral regulator is similar to that of a spiral micrometer, the spiral regulator is rotated clockwise, the contact surface of the spiral regulator and the magnetic control shape memory alloy block moves along the direction of the axial low-dielectric pressure side, the distance between the left end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block and the bottom of the alloy block mounting groove is increased, so that the wedge-shaped sliding block is pushed to extrude the rubber substrate, the holding force of the rubber sealing ring is increased, and the abrasion of the rubber sealing ring in long-time service can be compensated; the spiral regulator rotates anticlockwise, the contact surface of the spiral regulator and the magnetic control shape memory alloy block moves along the direction of the axial high-medium pressure side, the distance between the left end face of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block and the bottom of the alloy block mounting groove is reduced, the holding force generated by the wedge-shaped sliding block extruding the rubber base body is reduced, and therefore unnecessary abrasion caused by excessive friction force generated by the sealing ring is prevented.

(2) And a second regulation and control means: the magnetic control shape memory alloy is a novel intelligent material, has magnetism and thermoelastic martensite phase transformation, is in a martensite phase under the action of a magnetic field, generates a magnetic field after the excitation coil is electrified, changes the magnetic field intensity by adjusting the voltage or the current of an external controllable power supply, increases the magnetic field intensity, and extends along the groove depth direction (namely the axial direction) of the alloy block mounting groove so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block to extrude the rubber substrate to increase the holding force of the rubber sealing ring, so that the abrasion generated by the rubber sealing ring in long-time service can be compensated; the magnetic field intensity is reduced, the magnetic control shape memory alloy block is restored to an austenite phase and is shortened along the depth direction of the alloy block mounting groove, so that the holding force generated by the wedge-shaped sliding block extruding the rubber base body is reduced, and unnecessary abrasion caused by overlarge friction force generated by the sealing ring is prevented.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention designs a holding force adjusting device based on a magnetic control shape memory alloy effect, which comprises a spiral regulator mechanical adjusting structure and an excitation coil coupling magnetic control shape memory alloy electric adjusting structure, wherein the two structures can realize the adjustment and control of the holding force of a rubber sealing ring, the former is suitable for the adjustment of the holding force before assembly (also can realize the online adjustment of the holding force in service by combining a motor), and the latter is suitable for the online adjustment of the holding force in service; the two regulation and control means are coupled and mutually supplemented, the response speed is high, the control is easy, the regulation and control feasibility of the holding force is realized, and the reliability of the regulation and control means is ensured.

The invention can realize the self-compensation of the abrasion behavior of the sealing element through the holding force adjusting device of the rubber sealing structure, can also regulate and control the sealing holding force in real time to realize the optimal operation of sealing, improves the self-adaptive capacity of the sealing element to the service working condition, prolongs the service life of the sealing element, and is suitable for the application occasions of high-parameter working conditions such as ultrahigh/high speed, high pressure, high temperature and the like and severe service environments such as high solid, strong vibration, wide temperature change and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional schematic of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the 2/3 cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the gland of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of 2/3 sectional structure of the alloy block mounting seat in the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the screw actuator of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the metal skeleton of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-rubber matrix; 2-a metal skeleton; 21-a first threaded through hole; 3-a wedge-shaped slide block; 4-sealing lip; 5, dust lip prevention; 6-magnetic shape memory alloy block; 7-a first screw; 8-alloy block mounting seats; 81-external thread; 82-alloy block mounting groove; 83-a threaded hole; 84-a through hole; 9-a screw regulator; 10-pressing cover; 101-pressure relief holes; 102-wire inlet holes; 103-a second threaded through hole; 104-outlet hole; 105-a third threaded through hole; 106-fourth threaded through hole; 11-a field coil; 12-second screw.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the holding force adjustable rubber sealing structure based on the magnetic control shape memory effect comprises a rubber sealing ring and a holding force adjusting device.

The rubber seal ring comprises a rubber base body 1, a metal framework 2, a dust lip 4 and a seal lip 5. The cross section of the part, coated by the rubber matrix 1, of the metal framework 2 is L-shaped, and a first threaded through hole 21 is formed in the structure exposed on the medium side; the seal lip 5 is in interference fit with the shaft, and the dust lip 4 is located on the low-dielectric pressure side. The contact angle of the oil side of the sealing lip 5 is larger than that of the air side, the contact angle range of the oil side is 40-60 degrees, and the contact angle range of the air side is 20-35 degrees.

The holding force adjusting device is positioned on the high-medium pressure side and comprises a wedge-shaped sliding block 3, a magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6, a first screw 7, an alloy block mounting seat 8, a spiral adjuster 9, a gland 10, an excitation coil 11 and a second screw 12; the inner conical surface of the wedge-shaped sliding block 3 is tightly attached to the surface of the rubber matrix 1, and the left end surface of the wedge-shaped sliding block is tightly attached to the right end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6; the right end face of the alloy block mounting seat 8 is provided with a plurality of alloy block mounting grooves 82 along the circumferential direction, the left end face of the alloy block mounting seat is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 83, and the outer cylindrical surface is provided with external threads 81; the bottom of each alloy block mounting groove 82 is provided with a plurality of through holes 84 communicated with the left end face of the alloy block mounting seat 8; the cross section of the gland 10 is in an L shape, the left end surface is sequentially provided with a plurality of second threaded through holes 103, third threaded through holes 105 and fourth threaded through holes 106 along the radial direction, and the left end surface is provided with a pressure relief hole 101, a wire inlet hole 102 and a wire outlet hole 104 which are communicated with the right end surface; the gland 10 is fixedly connected with the metal framework 2 through a second screw 12, a first threaded through hole 21 and a fourth threaded through hole 106, and is fixedly connected with the alloy block mounting seat 8 through a first screw 7, a second threaded through hole 103 and a threaded hole 83; the excitation coil 11 is wound on the external thread 81 of the alloy block mounting seat 8, and lead-in and lead-out wire interfaces are respectively led in and led out from a wire inlet hole 102 and a wire outlet hole 104, and the wire interfaces are connected with an external controllable power supply; the screw regulator 9 is sequentially fixed on the gland 10 and the alloy block mounting seat 8 through a third threaded through hole 105 and a through hole 84 and is tightly attached to the left end face of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6;

the magnet exciting coil 11 generates a magnetic field after being electrified, and the magnetic field intensity is changed by adjusting the voltage or the current of the external controllable power supply; the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6 deforms along the groove depth direction of the alloy block mounting groove 82 under the action of the magnetic field so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block 3 to extrude the rubber base body 1 to change the holding force of the rubber sealing ring; the screw regulator 9 changes the distance between the left end surface of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6 and the bottom of the alloy block mounting groove 82 by clockwise or anticlockwise rotation so as to push the wedge-shaped sliding block 3 to extrude the rubber base body 1 to change the holding force of the rubber sealing ring.

The screw adjuster 9 can be driven by manual rotation or by a combination of electric motors.

The shape of the magnetic control shape memory alloy block 6 is a cuboid, a cylinder or a fan-ring column.

The number of the magnetic control shape memory alloy blocks 6, the spiral regulator 9, the first screws 7, the second screws 12 and the alloy block mounting grooves 82 is N, and the value of N is 2-24.

The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but includes equivalent technical means as would be recognized by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.