阅读说明：本技术 一种带化学提质蓄热的压缩空气储能系统 (Compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage functions ) 是由 冉鹏 张森 陈宇彤 于 2021-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种带化学提质蓄热的压缩空气储能系统,属于储能领域。本发明基于化学提质蓄热原理,对部分在储能阶段产生的压缩热进行提质并储存；在释能阶段,使用经提质的压缩热来加热进入透平的空气,显著提高透平入口空气温度。本发明所述系统可实现能量的长时间储存而几乎没有损失,储能效率高,使得压缩空气储能系统的单位质量工质发电功率、发电量以及循环效率显著提升,具有良好的经济效益。(A compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage belongs to the field of energy storage. The invention is based on the chemical quality-improving and heat-storing principle, and part of the compression heat generated in the energy storage stage is subjected to quality improvement and storage; in the energy release stage, the upgraded heat of compression is used to heat the air entering the turbine, significantly increasing the turbine inlet air temperature. The system can realize long-time energy storage without loss, has high energy storage efficiency, obviously improves the unit mass working medium power generation power, the generating capacity and the cycle efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, and has good economic benefit.)

1. A compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) a heat storage system based on chemical upgrading is adopted as a heat storage system in a compressed air energy storage system;

2) in the energy storage stage, the off-peak electric energy from renewable energy sources or a power grid is used for driving a compressor unit to work, and then compressed air carrying compression heat enters a heat storage system based on chemical upgrading for heat exchange;

3) in the energy storage stage, the compression heat in the compressed air is absorbed, upgraded and stored by the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading, the temperature of the compressed air is reduced to the ambient temperature and is discharged out of the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading and enters the air storage chamber for storage;

4) in the energy release stage, compressed air in the air storage chamber enters a heat storage system based on chemical upgrading for heat exchange, absorbs high-grade heat energy released by the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading, and enters a turbine set for expansion work after being heated to a higher temperature and drives a generator to generate electricity.

2. The compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage of claim 1, wherein: the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading in the system comprises a chemical heat pump upgrading unit and a medium-high temperature heat storage unit; in the energy storage stage, compressed air carrying lower-grade compression heat enters the chemical heat pump quality improving unit, the heat of the compressed air is absorbed by the chemical heat pump quality improving unit, the quality improving process is completed by the chemical heat pump quality improving unit, and part of the lower-grade compression heat is converted into higher-grade heat energy through chemical quality improvement in the process; then the medium-high temperature heat storage unit completes the storage process of high-grade heat energy; in the energy release stage, compressed air enters the medium-high temperature heat storage unit, and absorbs high-grade heat energy released by the medium-high temperature heat storage unit and is heated to high temperature.

3. The compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage of claim 1, wherein: the system consists of a motor 1, a compressor unit 2, a heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading, an air storage chamber 4, a turbine unit 5 and a generator 6;

the chemical heat pump upgrading unit of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading comprises an endothermic reaction device 7, a medium-low temperature heat storage device 8, a rectifying tower 9, a separation device 10, a heat regenerator 11 and a medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12;

the medium-high temperature heat storage unit comprises a medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12, a medium-high temperature heat storage device 13, a medium-high temperature product storage tank 14, a gas compressor A and a valve 15;

wherein, the motor 1 is connected with the compressor unit 2 through a transmission shaft; an exhaust port of the compressor unit 2 is sequentially connected with a heat source air channel of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading and an inlet of the air storage chamber 4 through pipelines; the outlet of the air storage chamber 4 is sequentially connected with a cold source air channel of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading and an air inlet of the turbine 5 through pipelines; the turbine 5 is connected with a generator 6 through a transmission shaft;

wherein, the inlet of the heat source air channel of the heat accumulation system 3 based on chemical upgrading is connected with the inlet of the internal heat exchanger I of the endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; an outlet of an internal heat exchanger I of an endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a heat source air inlet of a medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; a heat source air outlet of a medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a heat source air channel outlet of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline; the cold source air channel inlet of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading is connected with the cold source air inlet of the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; a cold source air outlet of the medium and low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with an inlet of an internal heat exchanger II of the medium and high temperature heat energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium and high temperature heat storage unit through a pipeline; an outlet of an internal heat exchanger II of a medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit is connected with an outlet of a cold source air channel of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline;

wherein, a reaction raw material-reaction product outlet of an endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a reaction raw material-reaction product inlet of a separation device 10 through a pipeline and a reaction raw material-reaction product channel of a rectifying tower 9; the reaction product outlet of the separation device 10 is connected with the inlet of the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 through the reaction product channel of the heat regenerator 11 by a pipeline; the outlet of the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 is connected with the reaction raw material inlet of the endothermic reaction device 7 through a pipeline and a reaction raw material channel of the heat regenerator 11; a reaction raw material outlet of the separation device 10 is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the rectifying tower 9 through a pipeline; a reaction raw material outlet of the rectifying tower 9 is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the endothermic reaction device 7 through a pipeline;

wherein, the reaction product outlet of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit is connected with the inlet of the medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 through a pipeline via the reaction product channel of the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 and the compressor A; the outlet of the medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 is connected with the reaction product inlet of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 through a pipeline and a valve 15 through a reaction product channel of the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13;

the compressor unit 2 is not limited to a single-stage compressor and a cooling system, and may be a multi-stage compressor with an inter-stage cooler and an after-stage cooler, and in the energy storage stage, the compression heat in the compressed air is recovered by the inter-stage cooler and the after-stage cooler and stored in the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading; similarly, the turbine unit 5 is not limited to a single-stage turbine and a heating system, and may be a multi-stage turbine unit with an inter-stage heater and a pre-stage heater, and in the energy release stage, the higher-grade heat energy released by the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading is absorbed by the compressed air through the inter-stage heater and the pre-stage heater.

4. The compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading heat storage according to claim 3, wherein the chemical upgrading heat storage based heat storage system 3 is implemented by the following steps:

in the energy storage stage, in the chemical heat pump upgrading unit, reaction raw materials in the endothermic reaction device 7 absorb part of compression heat from compressed air through the internal heat exchanger I, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is reduced and enters the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 to further release the compression heat, and finally the temperature of the compressed air is reduced to the ambient temperature and enters the air storage chamber 4 to be stored; the reaction raw materials in the endothermic reaction device 7 after absorbing the compression heat are heated, a forward endothermic reaction is carried out at a proper temperature and pressure, and the reaction products and part of the unreacted reaction raw materials are conveyed to a rectifying tower 9; in the rectifying tower 9, the reaction product and the reaction raw material are separated according to the difference of the boiling points of the reaction product and the reaction raw material, most of the reaction raw material with higher boiling point is left in the rectifying tower 9 and then is discharged back to the endothermic reaction device 7, and the reaction product with certain temperature and lower boiling point and a small amount of the reaction raw material obtained by separation are subjected to temperature reduction and enter a separation device 10; in the separation device 10, further separating the reaction raw materials and the reaction products to obtain high-purity reaction products, returning the separated reaction raw materials to the rectifying tower 9, and feeding the high-purity reaction products to the heat regenerator 11; in the regenerator 11, the high purity reaction products absorb heat and rise in temperature, and then enter the internal reactor piping of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12; in the pipe of the internal reactor 12 of the medium-high temperature thermal chemical storage device, a reverse exothermic reaction is performed on the high-purity reaction product at a proper temperature and pressure, the released heat is absorbed by the reaction raw material filled outside the pipe of the internal reactor of the medium-high temperature thermal chemical storage device 12, and meanwhile, the reaction raw material with a certain temperature and the unreacted reaction product generated by the reverse exothermic reaction are discharged back to the heat regenerator 11; in the heat regenerator 11, the reaction raw materials and the unreacted reaction products with certain temperature exchange heat with the high-purity reaction products from the separation device 10, and the reaction raw materials and the unreacted reaction products with certain temperature release heat and are cooled and returned to the endothermic reaction device 7;

in the energy storage stage, in the medium-high temperature heat storage unit, reaction raw materials filled outside an internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 absorb heat and then are heated, a forward endothermic reaction is carried out at a proper temperature and pressure, reaction products comprise solid, gaseous or liquid products, then the products are separated according to the difference of the phase state and the density of the products, the solid products with high density are left in the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12, the gaseous or liquid products with certain temperature and low density enter the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 for heat exchange under the action of the compressor A, and the gaseous or liquid products with certain temperature and low density are reduced in temperature and are sent to the medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 for storage after heat exchange;

in the energy release stage, the compressed air stored in the air storage chamber 4 before is released and enters the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 in the chemical heat pump upgrading unit for heat exchange, and the compressed air enters the internal heat exchanger II of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit for continuous heat exchange after being preheated to a certain temperature; meanwhile, in the medium-high temperature heat storage unit, the previously stored gaseous or liquid product in the medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 is released and enters the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 for heat exchange, and enters the medium-high temperature thermal chemical storage device 12 after being preheated to a certain temperature, and then undergoes a reverse heat release reaction with the original solid product in the medium-high temperature thermal chemical storage device 12 at a proper temperature and pressure, the compressed air absorbs the high-grade heat energy released by the chemical reaction through the internal heat exchanger II of the medium-high temperature thermal chemical storage device 12, and the compressed air enters the turbine unit 5 for expansion work after being heated to a certain temperature.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage functions, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage.

Background

With the rapid consumption of primary energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas and the problems of serious environmental pollution caused by the primary energy sources, renewable energy sources such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and geothermal power generation are rapidly developed, but due to weather and geographical positions, the renewable energy sources have two inherent defects of intermittency and instability, which cause great challenges to the further development of the renewable energy sources and cause serious wind and light abandoning phenomena. The energy storage technology can convert electric energy into other forms of energy in the valley period of the used energy and convert the other forms of energy into electric energy again in the peak period of the used energy, so that it is important to develop a proper energy storage technology to adjust the power generation of renewable energy sources so as to meet the requirements of grid connection or users.

Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is one of the most promising grid-level energy storage technologies due to its large energy storage capacity, high energy storage efficiency, and low investment cost. The compressed air energy storage can retrieve the compression heat that produces among the air compression process to with compression heat storage in heat storage device, be used for preheating turbine inlet air, at the operation in-process carbonless emission, green, moreover because the recycle of compression heat, system efficiency is higher. The heat storage technology applied in compressed air energy storage at present mainly comprises sensible heat storage and latent heat storage, wherein the sensible heat storage is most widely applied, the sensible heat storage mainly comprises filling bed heat storage and heat tank heat storage, the technology is mature, but the defects of huge heat storage device and the like caused by non-constant heat release and small heat storage density limit the further application of the heat storage device in compressed air energy storage and heat storage; latent heat storage, namely phase change heat storage, mainly takes molten salt phase change heat storage as main material, the heat storage density is higher, but the heat storage performance is obviously influenced by the phase change temperature of a heat storage material and the technical difficulty is higher; the chemical heat storage is to store heat energy in a chemical energy form by utilizing a pair of positive and reverse absorption/heat release chemical reactions, the energy storage density is obviously greater than that of sensible heat storage and latent heat storage, and a catalyst or a reactant can be used for controlling the reaction process, so that the heat can be stored for a long time without loss, and therefore, the compression heat can be stored based on the chemical heat storage principle, but the chemical heat storage, the sensible heat storage and the latent heat storage are similar and can be limited by the heat exchange temperature difference and the area of a heat exchanger, and the reduction of the compression heat grade is inevitably accompanied in the process of storing the compression heat, so that the heat storage efficiency is reduced, and the generated energy and the cycle efficiency of a compressed air energy storage system are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a compressed air energy storage system with chemical quality-improving and heat-storing functions, wherein in an energy storage stage, part of compression heat generated in the energy storage stage is subjected to quality improvement based on a chemical quality-improving and heat-storing principle, and higher-grade heat energy subjected to quality improvement is stored; in the energy release stage, the upgraded high-grade heat energy is used for heating the air at the inlet of the turbine, so that the temperature of the air at the inlet of the turbine is obviously improved, the power generation power, the power generation capacity and the circulation efficiency of the unit mass working medium of the compressed air energy storage system are improved, and the compressed air energy storage system has good economic benefit.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a take compressed air energy storage system of chemistry matter-improving heat accumulation which characterized in that: the system consists of a motor, a compressor unit, a heat storage system based on chemical upgrading, an air storage chamber, a turbine unit and a generator; the motor is connected with the compressor unit through a transmission shaft; an exhaust port of the compressor unit is sequentially connected with a heat source air channel of the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading and an inlet of the air storage chamber through pipelines; the outlet of the air storage chamber is sequentially connected with a cold source air channel of the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading and an air inlet of the turbine unit through pipelines; the turbine set is connected with the generator through a transmission shaft.

A compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

in the energy storage stage, the electric motor is driven to work by utilizing valley electric energy from renewable energy sources or a power grid, the electric motor drives the compressor unit to work, the compressor unit compresses air into high-pressure air, the temperature of the air is increased in the compression process, and then the compressed air carrying compression heat enters a heat storage system based on chemical quality improvement to exchange heat.

In the energy storage stage, the compression heat in the compressed air is absorbed, upgraded and stored by the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading, the temperature of the compressed air is reduced to the ambient temperature and is discharged out of the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading and enters the air storage chamber for storage.

In the energy release stage, compressed air in the air storage chamber enters a heat storage system based on chemical upgrading for heat exchange, the compressed air absorbs high-grade heat energy released by the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading, the compressed air enters a turbine unit for expansion and work after being heated to a high temperature, and the turbine unit drives a generator to generate electricity.

The utility model provides a take compressed air energy storage system of chemistry matter-improving heat accumulation which characterized in that: the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading comprises a chemical heat pump upgrading unit and a medium-high temperature heat storage unit; in the energy storage stage, compressed air carrying lower-grade compression heat enters the chemical heat pump quality improving unit, the heat of the compressed air is absorbed by the chemical heat pump quality improving unit, the quality improving process is completed by the chemical heat pump quality improving unit, and part of the lower-grade compression heat is converted into higher-grade heat energy through chemical quality improvement in the process; then the medium-high temperature heat storage unit completes the storage process of high-grade heat energy; in the energy releasing stage, the compressed air in the air storage chamber enters the medium-high temperature heat storage unit, and the compressed air absorbs the high-grade heat energy released by the medium-high temperature heat storage unit and is heated to a high temperature.

The chemical heat pump upgrading unit comprises an endothermic reaction device, a medium-low temperature heat storage device, a rectifying tower, a separation device, a heat regenerator and a medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device, reaction raw materials based on a chemical heat storage principle are filled in the endothermic reaction device, and the reaction raw materials can generate forward endothermic reaction (reverse reaction which is exothermic reaction) in a low-temperature environment.

The medium-high temperature heat storage unit comprises a medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device, a medium-high temperature heat storage device, a medium-high temperature product storage tank, a gas compressor and a valve, wherein reaction raw materials based on a chemical heat storage principle are filled in the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device, and the reaction raw materials can perform a forward endothermic reaction (the reverse reaction is an exothermic reaction).

Wherein, the inlet of the heat source air channel of the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading is connected with the inlet of the internal heat exchanger of the endothermic reaction device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; an outlet of an internal heat exchanger of the endothermic reaction device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a heat source air inlet of a medium-low temperature heat storage device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; a heat source air outlet of a medium-low temperature heat storage device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a heat source air channel outlet of the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline; the cold source air channel inlet of the heat storage system based on the chemical upgrading is connected with the cold source air inlet of the medium-low temperature heat storage device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; a cold source air outlet of the medium-low temperature heat storage device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with an internal heat exchanger inlet of the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit through a pipeline; and an outlet of an internal heat exchanger of the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit is connected with an outlet of a cold source air channel of the heat storage system based on the chemical upgrading through a pipeline.

Wherein, a reaction raw material-reaction product outlet of an endothermic reaction device of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a reaction raw material-reaction product inlet of the separation device through a pipeline and a reaction raw material-reaction product channel of the rectifying tower; the reaction product outlet of the separation device is connected with the inlet of the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device through the reaction product channel of the heat regenerator by a pipeline; the outlet of the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device is connected with the reaction raw material inlet of the endothermic reaction device through a pipeline and a reaction raw material channel of the heat regenerator; a reaction raw material outlet of the separation device is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the rectifying tower through a pipeline; and a reaction raw material outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the endothermic reaction device through a pipeline.

The reaction product outlet of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit is connected with the inlet of the medium-high temperature product storage tank through a pipeline and a reaction product channel of the medium-high temperature heat storage device and a gas compressor; and the outlet of the medium-high temperature product storage tank is connected with the reaction product inlet of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device through a reaction product channel of the medium-high temperature heat storage device by a pipeline and a valve.

The heat storage system based on the chemical upgrading is characterized by comprising the following steps:

in the energy storage stage, in the chemical heat pump upgrading unit, reaction raw materials in the endothermic reaction device absorb part of compression heat from compressed air through the internal heat exchanger, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is reduced and enters the medium-low temperature heat storage device to further release the compression heat, and finally the temperature of the compressed air is reduced to the ambient temperature and enters the air storage chamber to be stored. And (3) heating the reaction raw materials in the endothermic reaction device after absorbing the compression heat, carrying out forward endothermic reaction at a proper temperature and pressure, and conveying the reaction products and part of unreacted reaction raw materials to the rectifying tower. In the rectifying tower, the reaction product and the reaction raw material are separated according to the difference of the boiling points of the reaction product and the reaction raw material, and most of the reaction raw material with higher boiling point is left in the rectifying tower and then is discharged back to the endothermic reaction device; the separated reaction product with certain temperature and lower boiling point and a small amount of reaction raw material are cooled and enter a separation device. And in the separation device, further separating the reaction raw materials and the reaction products to obtain high-purity reaction products, returning the separated reaction raw materials to the rectifying tower, and feeding the high-purity reaction products into a heat regenerator. In the regenerator, the high purity reaction products absorb heat and rise in temperature before entering the internal reactor tubes of the medium to high temperature thermal energy chemical storage unit. In the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device, high-purity reaction products are subjected to reverse exothermic reaction at proper temperature and pressure, the released heat is absorbed by reaction raw materials filled outside the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device, and meanwhile, reaction raw materials with certain temperature and unreacted reaction products generated by the reverse exothermic reaction are discharged back to the heat regenerator. In the heat regenerator, reaction raw materials and unreacted reaction products with certain temperature exchange heat with high-purity reaction products from the separation device, and the reaction raw materials and the unreacted reaction products with certain temperature release heat and are cooled and returned to the endothermic reaction device.

In the energy storage stage, in the medium-high temperature heat storage unit, reaction raw materials filled outside an internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device absorb heat and then are heated, forward endothermic reaction is carried out at proper temperature and pressure, reaction products comprise solid, gaseous or liquid production products, then the production products are separated according to the difference of the phase state and density of the production products, and solid production products with high density are left in the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device; and the gas or liquid product with certain temperature and low density enters the medium-high temperature heat storage device for heat exchange under the action of the compressor, and after heat exchange, the gas or liquid product with certain temperature and low density is reduced in temperature and is sent to the medium-high temperature product storage tank for storage through the compressor.

In the energy release stage, the previously stored compressed air in the air storage chamber is released and enters the medium-low temperature heat storage device in the chemical heat pump upgrading unit for heat exchange, and the compressed air enters the internal heat exchanger of the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit for continuous heat exchange after being preheated to a certain temperature; meanwhile, in the medium-high temperature heat storage unit, gaseous or liquid products stored in the medium-high temperature product storage tank before are released and enter the medium-high temperature heat storage device for heat exchange, the gaseous or liquid products enter the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device after being preheated to a certain temperature, reverse heat release reaction is carried out between the gaseous or liquid products and original solid products in the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device at a proper temperature and pressure, compressed air absorbs high-grade heat energy released by chemical reaction through an internal heat exchanger of the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device, and the compressed air enters a turbine unit for expansion and work after being heated to a certain temperature.

The compressor unit is not limited to a single-stage compressor and a cooling system, and can be a multi-stage compressor with an interstage cooler and an after-stage cooler, and in the energy storage stage, the compression heat in the compressed air is recovered by the interstage cooler and the after-stage cooler and is stored in a heat storage system based on chemical upgrading; similarly, the turbine unit is not limited to a single-stage turbine and a heating system, and can be a multi-stage turbine unit with an interstage heater and a pre-stage heater, and in the energy release stage, the higher-grade heat energy released by the heat storage system based on chemical upgrading is absorbed by compressed air through the interstage heater and the pre-stage heater.

The invention has the following advantages and prominent technical effects:

1. compared with the existing compressed air energy storage system, the original sensible heat, latent heat or single-stage chemical heat storage system is replaced by the chemical upgrading heat storage system with low-grade heat energy absorption upgrading and high-grade heat energy storage.

2. Compared with the existing compressed air energy storage system, the system heats the air at the inlet of the turbine by using the upgraded high-grade heat energy, and obviously improves the temperature of the air at the inlet of the turbine, so that the unit mass working medium power generation power, the generating capacity and the cycle efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system are improved, and the system has good economic benefit.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage provided by the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a chemical upgrading-based thermal storage system provided by the invention.

The list of labels in the figure is: 1-an electric motor; 2-a compressor unit; 3-a chemical upgrading-based thermal storage system; 4-an air storage chamber; 5-a turbine set; 6-a generator; 7-endothermic reaction means; 8-medium and low temperature heat storage device; 9-a rectifying tower; 10-a separation device; 11-a heat regenerator; 12-medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device; 13-medium-high temperature heat storage device; 14-medium and high temperature product storage tank; 15-a valve; I. II-internal heat exchanger; a-compressor.

Detailed Description

The principles and embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage provided by the invention. The system of the invention is realized and connected in the following way: the system comprises a motor 1, a compressor unit 2, a heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading, an air storage chamber 4, a turbine unit 5 and a generator 6; the motor 1 is connected with the compressor unit 2 through a transmission shaft; the exhaust port of the compressor unit 2 is connected with the inlet 3a of the heat source air channel of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline; the outlet 3b of the heat source air channel of the heat accumulation system 3 based on chemical upgrading is connected with the inlet of the air storage chamber 4 through a pipeline; the outlet of the air storage chamber 4 is connected with the cold source air channel inlet 3c of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline; the cold source air channel outlet 3d of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading is connected with the air inlet of the turbine unit 5 through a pipeline; the turbine unit 5 is connected to a generator 6 via a drive shaft.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a chemical upgrading-based thermal storage system provided by the invention. The chemical upgrading-based thermal storage system 3 comprises a chemical heat pump upgrading unit and a medium-high temperature thermal storage unit.

The chemical heat pump upgrading unit comprises an endothermic reaction device 7, a medium-low temperature heat storage device 8, a rectifying tower 9, a separation device 10, a heat regenerator 11 and a medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device 12, wherein reaction raw materials based on the chemical heat storage principle are filled in the endothermic reaction device 7, and the reaction raw materials can generate forward endothermic reaction in a low-temperature environment (reverse reaction which is exothermic reaction in a high-temperature environment).

The medium-high temperature heat storage unit comprises a medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device 12, a medium-high temperature heat storage device 13, a medium-high temperature product storage tank 14, a valve 15 and a gas compressor A, reaction raw materials based on the chemical heat storage principle are filled in the medium-high temperature compression heat storage device 12, and the reaction raw materials can perform a forward endothermic reaction (a reverse reaction is an exothermic reaction).

Wherein the heat source air channel inlet 3a of the chemical upgrading-based thermal storage system 3 is connected with the inlet of the internal heat exchanger I of the endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; an outlet of an internal heat exchanger I of an endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a heat source air inlet 8a of a medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; a heat source air outlet 8b of a medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a heat source air channel outlet 3b of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline; the cold source air channel inlet 3c of the heat storage system based on the chemical upgrading is connected with the cold source air inlet 8c of the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit through a pipeline; a cold source air outlet 8d of the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with an inlet of an internal heat exchanger II of the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit through a pipeline; the outlet of the internal heat exchanger II of the medium-high temperature heat energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit is connected with the cold source air channel outlet 3d of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading through a pipeline.

Wherein, a reaction raw material-reaction product outlet 7a of an endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit is connected with a reaction raw material-reaction product inlet 9a of a rectifying tower 9 through a pipeline; a reaction raw material outlet 9b of the rectifying tower 9 is connected with a reaction raw material inlet 7b of the endothermic reaction device 7 through a pipeline, and a reaction raw material-reaction product outlet 9c of the rectifying tower 9 is connected with a reaction raw material-reaction product inlet 10a of the separation device 10 through a pipeline; a reaction product outlet 10b of the separation device 10 is connected with a reaction product inlet 11a of the heat regenerator 11 through a pipeline, and a reaction raw material outlet 10c of the separation device 10 is connected with a reaction raw material inlet 9d of the rectifying tower 9 through a pipeline; a reaction raw material outlet 11d of the heat regenerator 11 is connected with a reaction raw material inlet 7c of the endothermic reaction device 7 through a pipeline, and a reaction product outlet 11b of the heat regenerator 11 is connected with an internal reactor pipeline inlet 12a of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 through a pipeline; the internal reactor pipe outlet 12b of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 is connected with the reaction raw material inlet 11c of the regenerator 11 through a pipe.

Wherein, a reaction product outlet 12c of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit is connected with a heat source inlet 13a of the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 through a pipeline; a heat source outlet 13b of the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 is connected with an inlet of the compressor A through a pipeline; the outlet of the compressor A is connected with the inlet of a medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 through a pipeline; the outlet of the medium-high temperature resultant storage tank 14 is connected with the cold source inlet 13c of the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 through a pipeline and a valve 15; and a cold source outlet 13d of the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 is connected with a reaction product inlet 12d of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 through a pipeline.

The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system with chemical upgrading and heat storage, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

in the energy storage stage, the electric motor 1 is driven to work by utilizing valley electric energy from renewable energy sources or a power grid, the electric motor 1 drives the compressor unit 2 to work, the compressor unit 2 compresses air into high-pressure air, meanwhile, the temperature of the compressed air is raised to about 120 ℃, and then the compressed air enters the internal heat exchanger I of the endothermic reaction device 7 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit of the chemical upgrading-based heat storage system 3 for heat exchange.

In the energy storage stage, in the chemical heat pump upgrading unit of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading, reaction raw materials inside an endothermic reaction device 7 absorb part of compression heat from compressed air through an internal heat exchanger I; the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is reduced and enters the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 for further heat release, and finally the temperature of the compressed air is reduced to the ambient temperature and enters the air storage chamber 4 for storage. The chemical heat storage medium liquid isopropanol in the endothermic reaction device 7 after absorbing the compression heat is heated and evaporated, and then a forward endothermic decomposition reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 90 ℃, the catalyst is a ZnO/CuO composite catalyst, and the reaction formula is as follows:

(CH₃)₂CHOH(l)→(CH₃)₂CHOH(g) ΔH＝45.4kJ/mol

(CH₃)₂CHOH(g)→(CH₃)₂CO(g)+H₂(g) ΔH＝55.0kJ/mol

the acetone and hydrogen gas with the temperature of about 90 ℃ are generated by reaction, and then the mixed gas of the acetone and the hydrogen gas and part of unreacted gaseous isopropanol enter a rectifying tower 9. In the rectifying tower 9, most of the gaseous isopropanol is condensed and liquefied according to the difference of the boiling points of the mixed gas of acetone and hydrogen and the gaseous isopropanol so as to be separated from the mixed gas of acetone and hydrogen, and the liquid isopropanol obtained by condensation and liquefaction is then discharged back to the endothermic reaction device 7; the temperature of the mixed gas of hydrogen and acetone and a small amount of gaseous isopropanol which is not condensed and liquefied is reduced to about 80 ℃ and enters the separation device 10. In said separation device 10, the remaining gaseous isopropanol is separated and discharged back to the rectification column 9; simultaneously, the mixed gas of the acetone and the hydrogen with high purity of about 80 ℃ is obtained, and then the mixed gas of the acetone and the hydrogen with high purity enters the heat regenerator 11. In the heat regenerator 11, the mixed gas of high-purity acetone and hydrogen absorbs heat, and the temperature is raised to about 200 ℃, and then the mixed gas enters an internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12. Solid catalyst (raney nickel) is filled in the internal reactor pipeline of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12, the high-purity acetone and hydrogen mixed gas is catalyzed by the solid catalyst (raney nickel) to generate reverse exothermic chemical combination reaction, gaseous isopropanol at about 250 ℃ is generated by the reaction, and the reaction formula is as follows:

(CH₃)₂CO(g)+H₂(g)→(CH₃)₂CHOH(g) ΔH＝-55.0kJ/mol

the heat released by the reaction is filled outside the inner reactor pipe of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 by the reaction raw material hydrogen storage alloy Mg₂NiH₄Absorbing and then discharging the gaseous isopropanol and the unreacted hydrogen and acetone mixed gas back to the regenerator 11. In the regenerator 11, the gaseous isopropyl alcohol and unreacted hydrogen and acetone are mixed with the high-purity acetone and hydrogen mixed gas from the separation device 10And (4) heat exchange, namely, reducing the temperature of the gaseous isopropanol and the unreacted hydrogen and acetone mixed gas to about 90 ℃ after heat exchange and returning the gaseous isopropanol and the unreacted hydrogen and acetone mixed gas to the endothermic reaction device 7.

In the medium-high temperature thermal storage unit of the chemical upgrading-based thermal storage system 3 during the energy storage phase, the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 is filled with the reactant Mg outside the internal reactor conduit₂NiH₄After absorbing heat, the temperature is gradually increased, and a forward endothermic decomposition reaction occurs at a temperature of about 240 ℃, and the reaction formula is as follows:

Mg₂NiH₄(s)→Mg₂Ni(s)+2H₂(g) ΔH＝65kJ/mol

the reaction generates about 240 ℃ hydrogen, then the hydrogen enters the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 for heat exchange under the action of the compressor A, the temperature of the hydrogen is reduced after the heat exchange, and the hydrogen is sent to the medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 for storage through the compressor A.

In the energy releasing stage, the previously stored compressed air in the air storage chamber 4 is released and enters the medium-low temperature heat storage device 8 of the chemical heat pump upgrading unit of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading for heat exchange, and the compressed air after heat exchange is preheated to a certain temperature and enters the internal heat exchanger II of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12 of the medium-high temperature heat storage unit of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading for continuous heat exchange; meanwhile, in the medium-high temperature heat storage unit of the heat storage system 3 based on chemical upgrading, hydrogen stored in the medium-high temperature product storage tank 14 before is released and enters the medium-high temperature heat storage device 13 for heat exchange, and the hydrogen after heat exchange is preheated to about 220 ℃ and enters the medium-high temperature heat chemical storage device 12 to be mixed with the original solid product Mg at about 210 DEG C₂Ni is subjected to reverse combination exothermic reaction, and the reaction formula is as follows:

Mg₂Ni(s)+2H₂(g)→Mg₂NiH₄(s) ΔH＝-65kJ/mol

the compressed air absorbs the heat released by the chemical reaction through the internal heat exchanger II of the medium-high temperature thermal energy chemical storage device 12, and the compressed air is preheated to about 200 ℃ and enters the turbine unit 5 to do work through expansion. The turbine unit 5 rotates to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.

The following are specifically mentioned: the above-mentioned operation parameters are obtained by taking a single-stage compressor and a single-stage turbine as examples, the compressor unit and the turbine unit of the system of the invention are not limited to a single stage, and can be a multi-stage intermediate cooling (or heating) structure, and the specific parameters are only used for reference, but not limited to the above-mentioned parameters.

Finally, it is to be noted that: the above embodiments are only for assisting understanding of the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof; also, for those skilled in the art, variations can be made in the specific embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.