阅读说明：本技术 一种提升铅酸蓄电池启停寿命的多元铅基铸焊合金 (Multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging start and stop life of lead-acid storage battery ) 是由 田振 刘长来 夏诗忠 高国兴 邓国强 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的名称为一种提升铅酸蓄电池启停寿命的多元铅基铸焊合金。属于铅酸蓄电池技术领域。它主要是解决铅酸蓄电池在启停车辆频繁启停而导致负极板耳腐蚀断裂失效的问题。它的主要特征是：所述多元铅基铸焊合金包含以下百分含量的成分：锡Sn：3.00～5.00%,锑Sb：0.45～0.65%,铈Ce：0.03～0.05%,铅Pb：94.00～96.00%,其余微量元素总量(杂质)≤0.50%。采用该合金配方制备的铸焊合金具有与传统蓄电池负极板栅采用的Pb-Ca合金更相近的电位,能够减少负极板耳与铸焊合金间在的电位差引起电偶腐蚀,提升铅酸蓄电池启停寿命。(The invention discloses a multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop service life of a lead-acid storage battery. Belongs to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries. The problem that the corrosion, the fracture and the failure of negative plate lugs are caused due to the fact that a lead-acid storage battery is started and stopped frequently when a vehicle is started and stopped is solved. It is mainly characterized in that: the multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: tin Sn: 3.00-5.00%, Sb: 0.45-0.65%, cerium Ce: 0.03-0.05%, Pb: 94.00-96.00%, and the total amount (impurities) of the rest trace elements is less than or equal to 0.50%. The cast-weld alloy prepared by the alloy formula has a potential which is more similar to that of Pb-Ca alloy adopted by a traditional storage battery negative plate grid, galvanic corrosion caused by potential difference between a negative plate lug and the cast-weld alloy can be reduced, and the start-stop service life of the lead-acid storage battery is prolonged.)

1. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of the lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.00 to 5.00 percent,

antimony Sb: 0.45 to 0.65 percent,

cerium Ce: 0.03 to 0.05 percent,

lead Pb: 94.00 to 96.00 percent,

the total amount of the other trace elements is less than or equal to 0.50 percent.

2. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.00 to 5.00 percent,

antimony Sb: 0.45 to 0.55 percent,

cerium Ce: 0.04 to 0.05 percent,

lead Pb: 94.00 to 95.00 percent,

the total amount of the other trace elements is less than or equal to 0.50 percent.

3. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.50 to 5.00 percent,

antimony Sb: 0.45 to 0.50 percent,

cerium Ce: 0.042 to 0.048 percent,

lead Pb: 94.20-94.80 percent,

the total amount of the other trace elements is less than or equal to 0.50 percent.

4. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 5.00 percent of the total weight of the steel,

antimony Sb: 0.46 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.045 percent of the total weight of the steel,

lead Pb: 94.30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements is less than or equal to 0.195 percent.

5. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.48 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.048 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 95.50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other microelements is less than or equal to 0.472 percent.

6. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.02 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.45 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.031% of the total weight of the paint,

lead Pb: 96.10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other microelements is less than or equal to 0.399%.

7. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.98 percent of the total weight of the steel,

antimony Sb: 0.62 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.03 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 94.09 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other microelements is less than or equal to 0.278 percent.

8. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.02 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.65 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.03 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 95.88 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other microelements is less than or equal to 0.42 percent.

9. The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop life of the lead-acid storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy is used for a busbar in matched connection with a Pb-Ca alloy negative grid of a lead-acid storage battery, and reduces galvanic corrosion caused by potential difference between a negative plate lug and the cast-weld alloy.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries, and particularly relates to a multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy formula for a lead-acid storage battery.

Background

The automobile engine starting and stopping technology is an oil-saving and energy-saving technology, can control the engine to automatically ignite and flameout, is simply equivalent to the 'sleep' operation of a computer, does not directly turn on or off the engine, but sleeps, and can be restarted by adopting a storage battery at any time when an automobile owner needs to start the automobile after short flameout. A reinforced storage battery is required to meet the working condition requirement of frequent high-current starting for the start-stop vehicle, and the start-stop service life standard is generally adopted for evaluation.

Under the condition that large current density passes through different cast-weld alloys of the lead-acid storage battery, the potential of the negative plate grid alloy is lower than that of the cast-weld alloy, galvanic corrosion is caused by the potential difference between the negative plate lug and the cast-weld alloy, a primary battery can be formed in the battery, the negative alloy is a cathode, and the cast-weld alloy anode can generate anode corrosion, so that the corrosion and the fracture of the joint of the negative plate lug and the busbar are finally caused. Under different discharge currents, the measured potential difference is in direct proportion to the current value, for example, according to the start-stop service life detection, 300A discharge is adopted, and the potential between the bus bar and the plate lug reaches 300 MV. The start-stop life of different cast-weld alloys varies due to the different corrosion potentials of the different cast-weld alloys.

The corrosion problem of the connection part of the negative plate lug and the bus bar in the start-stop service life is generally improved by the following two measures:

(1) improving the alloy composition of the negative plate to form a more corrosion-resistant tissue structure;

(2) and the corrosion resistance of the negative plate lug is improved by covering a protective layer on the metal surface through surface treatment processes of electroplating, passivation, tin dipping and the like.

The two methods have certain effects, but the effects are not obvious, and the problem of corrosion and fracture of the connection part of the negative plate lug and the bus bar in the start-stop service life cannot be actually solved.

In summary, further research needs to be performed on the problem of corrosion, fracture and failure of negative plate lugs caused by frequent start and stop of a vehicle during start and stop of a lead-acid storage battery, and a more effective technical means is adopted to thoroughly solve the problem of corrosion and fracture of the negative plate lugs during the start and stop life, so that the technical progress and the industrial development of the lead-acid storage battery are promoted.

Disclosure of Invention

The electrochemical protection method-sacrificial anode cathode protection method is applied to the field of lead-acid storage batteries, and through researching the types and the adding proportion of metal elements in cast-weld alloy (busbar), metal which is more active than negative plate lug alloy is searched, and the optimal adding proportion is selected as the busbar alloy, so that the problem of corrosion and fracture of the negative plate lug in the start-stop service life is solved, and the start-stop service life of the lead-acid storage battery is greatly prolonged.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.00 to 5.00 percent,

antimony Sb: 0.45 to 0.65 percent,

cerium Ce: 0.03 to 0.05 percent,

lead Pb: 94.00 to 96.00 percent,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.50 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.00 to 5.00 percent,

antimony Sb: 0.45 to 0.55 percent,

cerium Ce: 0.04 to 0.05 percent,

lead Pb: 94.00 to 95.00 percent,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.50 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.50 to 5.00 percent,

antimony Sb: 0.45 to 0.50 percent,

cerium Ce: 0.042 to 0.048 percent,

lead Pb: 94.20-94.80 percent,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.50 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 5.00 percent of the total weight of the steel,

antimony Sb: 0.46 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.045 percent of the total weight of the steel,

lead Pb: 94.30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.195 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.48 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.048 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 95.50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.472 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.02 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.45 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.031% of the total weight of the paint,

lead Pb: 96.10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.399 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.98 percent of the total weight of the steel,

antimony Sb: 0.62 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.03 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 94.09 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.278 percent.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.02 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.65 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.03 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 95.88 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.42 percent.

The multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy in the technical scheme is used for a busbar in matched connection with a Pb-Ca alloy negative grid of the lead-acid storage battery, and reduces galvanic corrosion caused by potential difference between a negative plate lug and the cast-weld alloy.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start-stop service life of a lead-acid storage battery is disclosed, and the lead-acid storage battery prepared from the cast-weld alloy has an ultra-long start-stop service life, and meets the requirements of starting and stopping vehicles.

The invention is mainly used for the multi-lead-based cast-weld alloy of the busbar which is matched and connected with the Pb-Ca alloy negative grid of the lead-acid storage battery.

Detailed Description

Example 1

A multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.02 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.65 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.03 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 95.88 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.42 percent.

Example 2

A multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 4.98 percent of the total weight of the steel,

antimony Sb: 0.62 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.03 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 94.09 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.278 percent.

Example 3

A multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.02 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.45 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.031% of the total weight of the paint,

lead Pb: 96.10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.399 percent.

Example 4

A multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 3.50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

antimony Sb: 0.48 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.048 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

lead Pb: 95.50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.472 percent.

Example 5

A multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy for prolonging the start and stop life of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

tin Sn: 5.00 percent of the total weight of the steel,

antimony Sb: 0.46 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

cerium Ce: 0.045 percent of the total weight of the steel,

lead Pb: 94.30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

the total amount of the other trace elements (impurities) is less than or equal to 0.195 percent.

The lead-acid storage battery prepared by adopting the multi-element lead-based cast-weld alloy formula of the embodiment 1-5 comprises the following steps:

selecting the multielement lead-based cast-weld alloy prepared by the scheme as a busbar alloy, selecting a conventional positive and negative plate and a PE separator for encapsulation and matching, then adopting the multielement lead-based cast-weld alloy for cast-weld to form an integrated group, selecting a battery tank of 569068 model, assembling the cast-welded cluster into a lead-acid storage battery, then carrying out acidification and charging formation, carrying out acid pouring and secondary acid addition after formation is finished, adjusting the liquid level height to a process range, simultaneously ensuring the mixed acid density of the electrolyte to be in the process range, and finally carrying out small-cover heat sealing and battery cleaning and drying.

The performance of the lead-acid batteries prepared in the test schemes of examples 1 to 5 and the conventional lead-acid batteries of the same type were compared and tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.

The start-stop life testing method comprises the following steps:

placing the accumulator at 27⁺⁰ _-2In a constant temperature water bath tank, after measuring the capacity and starting at low temperature, the storage battery is fully charged, and then the following test sequence is carried out:

(1) discharge at 45A for 59 seconds;

(2) discharging at 300A for 1 second, and the final voltage is not less than 7.2V;

(3) charging at (14.0 ± 0, 05) V for 60 seconds, with a maximum current value Imax = 100A;

(4) the above test steps 1 to 3 must be repeated 3600 times;

(5) and left for 48 hours.

The point (1) to the point (5) are one unit.

The cycle was performed according to the above steps (1) to (5), and the number of cycle units was recorded.

TABLE 1 Performance test results of the prepared lead-acid batteries

As can be seen from the data in table 1, the unit of the start-stop cycle life of the lead-acid storage battery prepared in example 2 is higher than that of example 1, which indicates that the conductivity of the cast-weld alloy can be improved and the alloy potential can be reduced by properly increasing the Sn content in the cast-weld alloy, so that the lug alloy potential difference between the bus bar and the negative plate is reduced, the galvanic corrosion effect is reduced, and the start-stop life is prolonged; the lead-acid storage battery prepared in the embodiment 4 has a higher start-stop life cycle unit than that of the lead-acid storage battery prepared in the embodiment 3, and the rare earth element Ce added in the cast-weld alloy can greatly reduce the potential of the cast-weld alloy, so that the potential difference between the cast-weld alloy and the lug alloy of the negative plate is reduced, and the start-stop life of the prepared lead-acid storage battery is prolonged; the start-stop service life cycle unit of the lead-acid storage battery prepared in the embodiment 3 is higher than that of the lead-acid storage battery prepared in the embodiment 1, which shows that the potential difference between the lead-acid storage battery and the negative plate lug alloy can be reduced to a certain extent by properly reducing the Sb content of the cast-weld alloy, and the start-stop service life of the prepared lead-acid storage battery is prolonged; meanwhile, the data in the table 1 are cut out, the start-stop service life cycle unit of the lead-acid battery prepared in the embodiment 5 is higher than that of the lead-acid battery prepared in the embodiments 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the fact that the cast-weld alloy has a potential closer to that of the negative plate lug alloy due to the fact that the optimal proportion of Sn, Sb and Ce microelements in the cast-weld alloy is selected shows that the galvanic corrosion effect is eliminated to the maximum extent, and the start-stop service life of the prepared lead-acid battery is prolonged to the maximum extent.

The above detailed description is given to a cast-weld alloy formula for improving the start-stop service life of a lead-acid storage battery, and the specific examples are applied in the detailed description to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.