阅读说明：本技术 一种超声直线电机驱动的逐层氧合人工泵肺辅助装置 (Successive layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device driven by ultrasonic linear motor ) 是由 杨明 朱远飞 叶四维 于 2021-06-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种超声直线电机驱动的逐层氧合人工泵肺辅助装置,涉及医疗器械技术领域,包括外壳、血腔和主控电路,所述外壳内设有超声直线电机、血泵推板以及位置传感器,所述血腔设置在所述外壳上方,所述血腔内部放置有中空纤维膜；所述主控电路控制所述血腔进行舒张和收缩动作。本发明不需要单独的氧合器,复杂的连接管路,可在维持血液循环的同时实现逐层充分氧合,减少血液与异物接触面积,具有生物兼容性好、血细胞损伤小、血液氧合充分、体积空间小、抗电磁干扰、可靠性高、易于使用的特点,可用于便携式呼吸支持和器官保存等场景中。(The invention discloses a layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device driven by an ultrasonic linear motor, which relates to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises a shell, a blood cavity and a main control circuit, wherein the shell is internally provided with the ultrasonic linear motor, a blood pump push plate and a position sensor; the main control circuit controls the blood cavity to perform relaxation and contraction actions. The invention does not need an independent oxygenator and a complex connecting pipeline, can realize sufficient oxygenation layer by layer while maintaining blood circulation, reduces the contact area of blood and foreign matters, has the characteristics of good biocompatibility, small damage to blood cells, sufficient oxygenation of blood, small volume space, electromagnetic interference resistance, high reliability and easy use, and can be used in the scenes of portable respiration support, organ preservation and the like.)

1. A layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device driven by an ultrasonic linear motor is characterized by comprising a shell, a blood cavity and a main control circuit, wherein the shell is internally provided with the ultrasonic linear motor, a blood pump push plate and a position sensor; the main control circuit controls the blood cavity to perform relaxation and contraction actions.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the blood chamber is provided with a blood inlet and a blood outlet, each of which is provided with a valve to control the unidirectional flow of blood.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber membrane has a multi-layer structure.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber membranes have a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic linear motor includes a stator and a mover, the stator and the mover being in contact via a drive foot, the mover being generally in the form of a slider.

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blood pump push plate is rigidly connected to the ultrasonic linear motor slider and embedded in a blood compatible thin film material, and the slider pushes the blood chamber to reciprocate.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the master circuit generates a desired PWM wave that generates a sinusoidal drive signal by controlling a power drive circuit and a matching circuit, the sinusoidal drive signal directly driving the ultrasonic linear motor.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a position sensor, which may be a laser displacement sensor; the position sensor directly measures the position of the ultrasonic linear motor and feeds the position back to the main control circuit to form closed-loop position control.

9. The device of claim 6, further comprising an electrocardiograph sensor, wherein the electrocardiograph sensor is used for acquiring electrocardiograph signals of a human body and feeding the electrocardiograph signals back to the main control circuit to form closed-loop position control.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the housing is formed from a titanium alloy material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device driven by an ultrasonic linear motor.

Background

The artificial heart-lung assisting technology is a treatment technology which completely or partially replaces the external cardiac function and the pulmonary function. In the operation process of rescuing critically ill patients, the artificial heart lung auxiliary device provides extracorporeal artificial heart lung assistance for patients with sudden breathing or blood circulation dysfunction, and the artificial heart lung auxiliary device serves as the blood pumping function of the lung and the heart, so that the lungs or the heart of the patients can be fully rested, and the operation risk period can be safely passed. The current artificial heart-lung assistance technology is one of the important marks for measuring the level of treating cardiovascular diseases, and is widely applied to patients with heart-lung dysfunction which cannot be solved by the traditional drug therapy. In 1882, Schroder delivered air into blood containers to produce bubbles to increase oxygen content in blood, and the device was in the form of an artificial heart-lung machine. In 1937 Gibbon combined a blood pump and an oxygenator to form an artificial heart-lung machine. The artificial heart-lung machine adopts a vena cava cannula to be inserted into the upper and lower vena cava or the right atrium of a patient, and leads out the blood of the patient. After the temperature of the blood in the extracorporeal pipeline is regulated by the heat exchange water tank, the blood flows into the artificial lung to combine the vein blood oxygen into arterial blood, and then the arterial blood is pumped into an arterial system by the artificial heart pump, so that the tissues and organs of a patient are fully perfused, and the blood circulation and the internal environment of the patient are kept stable. Wu et al propose an integrated wearable artificial heart lung assist device, which has good biocompatibility and long-term reliability in the aspect of respiratory support and is expected to be used in the transition stage of lung transplantation.

The artificial heart-lung device on the market at present mainly comprises an oxygenator, a blood pump, heat exchange equipment, a pipeline and a cannula. Because of the long communication channel between the blood pump and the oxygenator, the flow resistance of blood is large, and therefore, sufficient pressure is often needed to maintain the normal circulation of blood in vitro. Wherein, the longer pipeline increases the contact area between the blood and the outside, and the larger blood shearing stress and the blood contact area easily cause the blood cell damage, lead to the thrombus and hemolysis, and are not beneficial to the treatment and recovery of patients. In order to improve the performance of artificial heart lung devices, various researchers have proposed corresponding improvements. US2020230308a1 introduces a single-plug multilumen drainage tube via an artificial heart-lung device to oxygenate blood while the heart chamber is unloaded, reducing vascular damage and infection. But the contact area between the drainage tube and the blood is larger, and the damage to blood cells is larger. Chinese patent 201921286512.3 integrates and adjusts the position between a magnetic suspension blood pump and an oxygenator. The device has reduced the occupation space when artifical heart lung device uses, conveniently carries, has reduced the blood cell damage simultaneously. But the device only simply combines two devices of a blood pump and an oxygenator, and the whole device is still large in volume. Chinese patent 202010600835.6 proposes an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device, which integrates an artificial heart-lung unit, a control unit, a display unit and a power supply unit. The device is small in size, convenient to carry outdoors, and capable of detecting blood indexes and displaying physiological characteristics. However, the artificial heart-lung unit of the device is also a simple combination of two devices, namely a blood pump and an oxygenator, lacks the design and optimization of the internal structures of the blood pump and the oxygenator, and does not consider the optimization of blood cell damage. In addition, in the oxygenator of the current artificial heart lung device, as the distance between the blood and the hollow fiber membrane increases, the oxygen partial pressure of the blood in the middle part gradually decreases, and the oxygenating cannot be performed sufficiently, so that the normal blood oxygen requirement of the human body cannot be met.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to develop a lung auxiliary device of a layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump driven by an ultrasonic linear motor, so as to achieve sufficient oxygenation and reduce the contact area between blood and foreign matters.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: how to reduce the contact area of the blood and the foreign matters of the artificial pump lung auxiliary device, and simultaneously has the functions of small damage to blood cells, sufficient oxygenation of the blood, small volume and electromagnetic interference resistance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device driven by an ultrasonic linear motor, which comprises a shell, a blood cavity and a main control circuit, wherein the shell is internally provided with the ultrasonic linear motor, a blood pump push plate and a position sensor; the main control circuit controls the blood cavity to perform relaxation and contraction actions.

Further, the blood cavity is provided with a blood inlet and a blood outlet, and the blood inlet and the blood outlet are both provided with valves.

Further, the hollow fiber membrane has a multi-layer structure.

Further, the hollow fiber membrane has a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

Further, the ultrasonic linear motor includes a stator and a mover, the stator and the mover are in contact through a driving foot, and the mover is generally in the form of a slider.

Furthermore, the blood pump push plate is rigidly connected with the ultrasonic linear motor slide block and is embedded in a blood-compatible film material, and the slide block pushes the blood cavity to reciprocate.

Furthermore, the main control circuit generates a required PWM wave, the PWM wave generates a sine driving signal through the control power driving circuit and the matching circuit, and the sine driving signal directly drives the ultrasonic linear motor.

Further, the device also comprises a position sensor which can be a laser displacement sensor; the position sensor directly measures the position of the ultrasonic linear motor slide block and feeds the position back to the main control circuit to form closed-loop position control.

The system further comprises an electrocardio sensor, wherein the electrocardio sensor is used for collecting electrocardio signals of a human body and feeding the electrocardio signals back to the main control circuit to form closed-loop position control.

Further, the shell is made of a titanium alloy material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following technical effects:

1. the ultrasonic linear motor is used as a power source, and has the characteristics of small volume, high force density, micron-sized positioning precision, millisecond-sized response time, no generation of electromagnetic interference, no electromagnetic interference and the like, so that the lung of the manual pump is small in size, convenient to carry and free of electromagnetic interference. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic linear motor has micron-sized motion precision and millisecond-sized response time, and can drive the push plate to form micron-sized blood laminar flow on the blood side of the hollow fiber membrane, so that rapid layered oxygenation is realized.

2. The hollow fiber membrane is adopted to convey gas, an oxygenator does not need to be arranged independently, and a connecting pipeline is simplified. The hollow fiber membrane is arranged in the blood cavity, oxygen in the hollow fiber membrane cavity can penetrate through the micropores of the hollow fiber membrane to diffuse into blood, and carbon dioxide in the blood can diffuse into air flow in the hollow fiber cavity through the micropores; the ultrasonic linear motor pushes the blood cavity push plate to do work on the blood. When the blood cavity push plate leaves the hollow fiber membrane, venous blood flows into the contact surface of the hollow fiber membrane and the blood through the valve to form micron-level laminar flow, and the micron-level laminar flow blood is contacted with the hollow fiber membrane, so that the gas exchange performance can be greatly improved. When the ultrasonic linear motor drives the push plate to move towards the hollow fiber membrane, the blood cavity contracts, the micron-sized laminar flow blood is in secondary contact with oxygen in the hollow fiber membrane, and the fully oxygenated blood is discharged out of the lung auxiliary device of the artificial pump and flows into a human body through a valve.

The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall apparatus of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the overall device in the diastolic operating state in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the device in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention in a contracted state;

FIG. 4 is a graph of overall device drive signals for a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

the device comprises a shell, a valve 2, a blood outlet 3, a blood inlet 4, an ultrasonic linear motor stator 5, an ultrasonic linear motor slider and blood pump push plate 6, a position sensor 7, a hollow fiber membrane 8 and a blood cavity 9.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for clarity and understanding of technical contents. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.

System composition of artificial pump lung

As shown in fig. 1, the ultrasound linear motor driven layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device of the present embodiment. The ultrasonic linear motor comprises a stator 5 and a sliding block 6, and has the characteristics of small volume, high force density, micron-level positioning precision, millisecond-level response time, no generation of electromagnetic interference, no electromagnetic interference and the like. The ultrasonic linear motor has micron-sized motion precision and millisecond-sized response time, and can drive the horizontal ultrasonic linear motor sliding block and the blood pump push plate 6 to form micron-sized blood laminar flow on the blood side of the hollow fiber membrane 8, so that rapid layered oxygenation is realized. The blood pump push plate is rigidly connected with the ultrasonic linear motor slide block, and the ultrasonic linear motor stator 5 drives the blood pump push plate to reciprocate to do work on blood; the control system comprises a main control circuit, a power driving circuit and a matching circuit, wherein the main control circuit is connected with the ultrasonic linear motor stator 5 and directly sends out a driving control signal for controlling the positions of the ultrasonic linear motor sliding block and the blood pump push plate 6; the hollow fiber membrane 8 is a semipermeable membrane and is arranged in a blood chamber of the blood pump 9, oxygen in the air flow in the inner chamber of the hollow fiber membrane 8 can penetrate through micropores of the hollow fiber membrane to diffuse into blood, and carbon dioxide in the blood diffuses into the air flow in the inner chamber of the hollow fiber membrane through the micropores; the valve 2 is used for controlling the flow direction of blood in the lung auxiliary device of the artificial pump, only allows one-way flow and prevents reflux. The blood chamber 9, the blood chamber 9 comprising the blood inlet 4 and the blood outlet 3, adopts a flow pattern similar to the natural left ventricle to reduce the blood shear stress. During a cycle, the blood chamber 9 increases in volume during filling and decreases in volume during contraction to pump blood outward. The shell 1 is wrapped with an ultrasonic linear motor stator 5, an ultrasonic linear motor slide block, a blood pump push plate 6 and a blood cavity 9, and a multilayer hollow fiber membrane 8 is arranged inside the shell. The shell 1 of the artificial heart lung auxiliary device is made of titanium alloy. The titanium alloy has good biocompatibility and can reduce blood cell damage.

Artificial pump lung filling process

As shown in figure 2, the action mode of the ultrasonic linear motor keeps synchronous with the natural heart of a human body, in diastole, the stator 5 of the ultrasonic linear motor drives the sliding block and the push plate 6 of the blood pump to move downwards, the pressure borne by the blood cavity 9 is reduced, the blood inlet 4 flows into the blood cavity 9 through the valve 2, and the blood in the blood cavity 9 is full. At the same time, oxygen enters the hollow fiber membrane 8 inside the blood chamber 9 from the gas inlet. The blood passes through the hollow fiber membrane 8 to absorb oxygen and discharge carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide flows into the hollow fiber membrane 8 and finally is discharged from the gas outlet along the gas passage to the cardiopulmonary assist device. The thickness of the boundary layer on the blood side of the hollow fiber membrane is adjusted layer by controlling the micron-sized displacement precision of the ultrasonic linear motor, so that each layer of blood is fully oxygenated.

Artificial pump lung contraction process

As shown in fig. 3, during the systole, the ultrasonic linear motor stator 5 drives the slider and the blood pump push plate 6 upward, the pressure applied to the blood chamber 9 increases, and the blood in the blood chamber 9 flows out through the blood outlet 3 after being oxygenated by the hollow fiber membrane 8, so as to provide oxygenated blood for the human body and maintain the normal blood circulation of the human body. After receiving the processing signal of the controller, the ultrasonic linear motor stator 5 judges the current position through the position sensor 7, completes the downward action in the diastole, so that the blood cavity 9 is filled with blood, completes the upward action in the systole, so that the blood is discharged after oxygenation in the blood cavity 9, the ultrasonic linear motor has rapid response and accurate position, and can meet the requirements of oxygenated blood with different flow rates. In addition, due to the adoption of the pulsating blood flow similar to the natural heart, the shearing stress of the blood can be reduced, thereby protecting the activity of the blood and being beneficial to the perfusion and recovery of human organs.

Artificial pump lung control system

The embodiment provides a control system of a layer-by-layer oxygenation artificial pump lung auxiliary device driven by an ultrasonic linear motor, and the control system comprises a control circuit, a power generation circuit and a matching circuit. The control circuit is used for generating pulse signals in an ultrasonic frequency range. The power generation circuit utilizes full-bridge inversion to generate a driving square wave signal. The matching circuit filters the driving square wave signal into a sine signal required by the motor. As shown in fig. 4, the electrocardiographic signal is collected and transmitted to the main control circuit, the control signal generates a required PWM wave through the main control circuit, the PWM wave generates a required high-voltage square wave through the control power driving circuit, the high-voltage square wave generates a sine wave through the matching circuit, and the high-voltage sine wave drives the ultrasonic linear motor 5. The position of the ultrasonic linear motor is measured in real time through a position sensor and finally fed back to the main control circuit to form closed-loop signal control. According to the real-time monitoring of electrocardiosignal characteristics of different patients, the ultrasonic linear motor stator 5 controls the extrusion and the expansion of the blood cavity 9 between the ultrasonic linear motor slide block and the blood pump push plate 6 through a closed loop. For example, an upward movement during systole squeezes the blood chamber 9 and a downward movement during diastole dilates the blood chamber 9.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.