阅读说明：本技术 一种风选式核桃壳仁分离机 (Winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator ) 是由 曾勇 韩博文 毛碧琦 马佳乐 张永成 张宏 于 2021-07-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种风选式核桃壳仁分离机,包括支架,其中,所述支架上方与筒形的挡料腔的外壁固定连接,所述支架一侧、挡料腔的上方设有进料箱,所述进料槽的出口位于挡料腔上方的中心；所述挡料腔下方的中心处有固定在支架底部的支柱,所述支柱在挡料腔内的高度中固定有振动腔,所述振动腔的上表面为振动盘,且所述振动盘的高度低于挡料腔的高度；所述振动腔内设有振动发生组件；所述挡料腔下设有与其贯通并套设在支柱外的收集斗。与现有技术相比,本发明脉冲电磁铁与固定电磁铁间产生简谐运动,使物料中的核桃隔膜、壳、仁分别依次弹起,离心风扇依次吹离振动盘而落入挡料腔内,分选效率高、速度快,结构简单,能耗低。(The invention discloses a winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator which comprises a support, wherein the upper part of the support is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a cylindrical material blocking cavity, a feeding box is arranged on one side of the support and above the material blocking cavity, and an outlet of a feeding groove is positioned in the center above the material blocking cavity; a support fixed at the bottom of the support is arranged at the center below the material blocking cavity, a vibration cavity is fixed in the height of the support in the material blocking cavity, a vibration disc is arranged on the upper surface of the vibration cavity, and the height of the vibration disc is lower than that of the material blocking cavity; a vibration generating assembly is arranged in the vibration cavity; a collecting hopper which is communicated with the material blocking cavity and sleeved outside the supporting column is arranged below the material blocking cavity. Compared with the prior art, simple harmonic motion is generated between the pulse electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet, so that walnut diaphragms, shells and kernels in the materials are respectively and sequentially bounced, and the centrifugal fan sequentially blows off the vibration disc and falls into the material blocking cavity, and the sorting device is high in sorting efficiency, high in speed, simple in structure and low in energy consumption.)

1. A winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator comprises a support (1) and is characterized in that the upper portion of the support (1) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a cylindrical material blocking cavity (4), a feeding box (2) is arranged on one side of the support (1) and above the material blocking cavity (4), materials can be sent out from a feeding groove (21) through an intermittent feeding device in the feeding box (2), and an outlet of the feeding groove (21) is located in the center above the material blocking cavity (4);

a supporting column (3) fixed at the bottom of the support (1) is arranged at the center below the material blocking cavity (4), a vibration cavity (5) is fixed in the height of the supporting column (3) in the material blocking cavity (4), a vibration disc (7) is arranged on the upper surface of the vibration cavity (5), and the height of the vibration disc (7) is lower than that of the material blocking cavity (4);

a vibration generating assembly (8) is arranged in the vibration cavity (5); a collecting hopper (10) which is communicated with the material blocking cavity and sleeved outside the supporting column (3) is arranged below the material blocking cavity (4).

2. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a dispersion cover (9) is fixed on the inner wall of the material blocking cavity (4) through a spoke frame (41) at a position corresponding to the upper part of the vibration disk (7) at the center of the material blocking cavity, the dispersion cover (9) is an arc cover with a convex center, and the diameter of the dispersion cover is 1/3-1/2 of the vibration disk.

3. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 2, wherein an air separation motor (61) fixed with a spoke frame (41) is arranged below the dispersion cover (9), and an output shaft of the air separation motor (61) is connected with a centrifugal fan (6);

and the lowest point of the centrifugal fan (6) is higher than the highest point of the vibration disc (7).

4. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collecting hopper (10) is an annular cavity with an inward closing opening, a discharge opening (101) is arranged below the annular cavity, the discharge opening (101) is an oblique tapered outlet with a closing opening towards the direction outside the supporting column (3), and the side wall of the discharge opening is sleeved on the outer wall of the supporting column (3).

5. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the collecting hopper (10) and the discharge port (101) are rotatably connected with the outer wall of the support column (3), and the edge of the upper end face of the collecting hopper (10) is rotatably connected with the edge of the lower end face of the material blocking cavity (4) through a thin-wall bearing (42).

6. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 5, wherein a gear ring (12) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the collecting hopper (10), a material separating motor (122) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the material blocking cavity (4), an output shaft of the material separating motor (122) is connected with a driving gear (121), and the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring (12).

7. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of discharging boxes (11) are distributed on the periphery of the support column (3) below the support frame (1), the highest point of each discharging box (11) is lower than the lowest point of each discharging port (101), and the projection plane of each discharging port (101) is within the plane range of each discharging box (11).

8. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration generating assembly (8) comprises a rotating disc (81), a rotating shaft (82) is fixed at the center of the bottom of the rotating disc (81), and the rotating shaft (82) is rotatably connected with the bottom of the vibration cavity (5) through a bearing seat (83);

and the axle center of the rotating shaft (82) is staggered with the axle center of the vibration cavity (5), and the radius of the rotating disc (81) is greater than the distance from the axle center of the rotating shaft (82) to the axle center of the vibration cavity (5).

9. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rotating shaft (82) is connected with an adjusting motor (810) through a bevel gear set (89) which is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the adjusting motor (810) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the vibration cavity (5).

10. The air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator as claimed in claim 8, wherein a plurality of spring lower plates (84) fixedly connected with the turntable (81) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the turntable, each spring lower plate (84) is fixed with a vibration spring (85) with different specifications, and the other end of each vibration spring (85) is fixed with a spring upper plate (86);

the spring lower plate (84), the vibration spring (85) and the spring upper plate (86) are concentric;

when the upper spring plate (86) rotates to a position right below the vibration disc (7), the upper spring plate (86) is concentric with the vibration disc (7);

a pulse electromagnet (87) is fixed on the spring lower plate (84), and a fixed electromagnet (88) is fixed above the spring upper plate (86).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, in particular to a winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator.

Background

As ecological and economic walnut species, the planting area of China is increased year by year, the walnut yield is increased along with the increase of the ecological and economic walnut species, deep-processed walnut products are continuously developed, and breaking shells and taking kernels are the primary working procedures no matter what type of deep processing is adopted. Most of walnut kernels sold in the domestic market at present are manually smashed, so that the labor productivity is very low, and meanwhile, the sanitation condition of the walnut kernels is difficult to reach the standard and the walnut shells are wasted. The walnut kernel is separated from the walnut shell and kernel, which is a main product, but the walnut shell and the diaphragm can be used as byproducts for other applications. The mechanical walnut breaking and kernel taking can not only increase the value of walnut raw materials, but also recover walnut shells, thereby avoiding walnut shell waste caused by retailing walnuts with shells. The walnut shell can be made into activated carbon, filter material in a filter, plugging material and the like, so that the walnut can be upgraded after the walnut shell is processed.

In the existing winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator, an exhaust pipe is arranged above mixed materials to respectively suck materials with different weights, so that the separation purpose is achieved, but the wind power required for sucking the shells and kernels of the walnuts is large, the working energy consumption is high, the noise is large, the efficiency is low, and the walnut kernels are easy to collide with the inner wall of a pipeline and damage due to the fact that the moving path is long and the walnut kernels move at high speed in the pipeline.

The mode that makes the material float back under different kinetic energy through vibrating device and blow away with the fan can blow away the material more easily, reduces the energy consumption of selection by winnowing formula shell benevolence separating centrifuge, but current mechanical type vibrating device mainly is the rotatory vibration that produces of parts such as cam, and its vibration kinetic energy is difficult to control, and the separation effect is relatively poor, and the noise is big, and need to select separately the material to the vibrating device of difference in, and equipment is complicated.

Therefore, there is a need to provide a winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator to solve the above problems in the background art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator comprises a support, wherein the upper part of the support is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a cylindrical material blocking cavity, a feeding box is arranged on one side of the support and above the material blocking cavity, materials can be fed out from a feeding groove through an intermittent feeding device in the feeding box, and an outlet of the feeding groove is positioned in the center above the material blocking cavity;

a support fixed at the bottom of the support is arranged at the center below the material blocking cavity, a vibration cavity is fixed in the height of the support in the material blocking cavity, a vibration disc is arranged on the upper surface of the vibration cavity, and the height of the vibration disc is lower than that of the material blocking cavity;

a vibration generating assembly is arranged in the vibration cavity; a collecting hopper which is communicated with the material blocking cavity and sleeved outside the supporting column is arranged below the material blocking cavity.

Further, as preferred, it is fixed with the dispersion lid to keep off the material intracavity wall through the spoke frame in the position department of its center corresponding vibration dish's top, the dispersion lid is the bellied arc lid in center, and its diameter is 1/3 ~ 1/2 of vibration dish.

Further, preferably, an air separation motor fixed with the spoke frame is arranged below the dispersion cover, and an output shaft of the air separation motor is connected with a centrifugal fan;

and the lowest point of the centrifugal fan is higher than the highest point of the vibration disk.

Further, as preferred, the collecting hopper is an annular cavity with an inward closing-in, a discharge port is arranged below the collecting hopper, the discharge port is an oblique cone-shaped outlet with an outward closing-in direction of the support, and the side wall of the discharge port is sleeved on the outer wall of the support.

Further, as preferred, the collecting hopper is rotationally connected with the discharge hole and the outer wall of the support column, and the edge of the upper end face of the collecting hopper is rotationally connected with the edge of the lower end face of the material blocking cavity through a thin-wall bearing.

Further, as preferred, the outer wall of the collecting hopper is fixedly sleeved with a gear ring, the outer wall of the material blocking cavity is fixedly provided with a material distributing motor, an output shaft of the material distributing motor is connected with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring.

Further, as a preferred option, a plurality of discharging boxes are distributed on the periphery of the support below the support, the highest point of each discharging box is lower than the lowest point of each discharging port, and the projection surface of each discharging port is in the plane range of each discharging box.

Further, preferably, the vibration generating assembly comprises a rotary table, a rotating shaft is fixed at the center of the bottom of the rotary table, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the bottom of the vibration cavity through a bearing seat;

and the axle center of the rotating shaft is staggered with the axle center of the vibration cavity, and the radius of the rotary disc is greater than the distance from the axle center of the rotating shaft to the axle center of the vibration cavity.

Further, preferably, the rotating shaft is connected with an adjusting motor through a bevel gear set sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the adjusting motor is fixedly connected with the bottom of the vibration cavity.

Preferably, a plurality of spring lower plates fixedly connected with the turntable are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the turntable, vibration springs with different specifications are fixed on each spring lower plate, and a spring upper plate is fixed at the other end of each vibration spring;

the spring lower plate, the vibration spring and the spring upper plate are concentric;

when the upper spring plate rotates to a position right below the vibration disc, the upper spring plate and the vibration disc are concentric;

the pulse electromagnet is fixed on the lower spring plate, and the fixed electromagnet is fixed above the upper spring plate. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, when the material flows out of the feeding groove, the material firstly falls on the dispersion cover and dispersedly falls into the vibration disk from the periphery of the dispersion cover, so that the material can be uniformly distributed when falling into the vibration disk; the centrifugal fan can generate wind diffused to the periphery of the vibration disc, so that the materials which bounce on the vibration disc and have the weight reaching the wind speed condition are blown off the vibration disc and fall into the material blocking cavity.

According to the invention, the collecting hopper can be driven to rotate around the support and the edge of the material blocking cavity through the material distributing motor, so that the direction of the material outlet on the side edge of the support is changed, and therefore, materials falling from the vibrating disc under different conditions fall into different material outlet boxes.

In the invention, in different vibration springs on the vibration disc, pulse current is introduced to the pulse electromagnet, and the pulse electromagnet is matched with the support and the elasticity of the vibration spring, so that simple harmonic motion can be generated between the pulse electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet, the vibration disc vibrates to generate different kinetic energies, walnut diaphragms, shells and kernels in materials are respectively and sequentially bounced, and corresponding materials are blown to wind diffused around the vibration disc by the centrifugal fan at different stages, so that the walnut diaphragms, the shells and the kernels are respectively and sequentially blown off the vibration disc and fall into a material blocking cavity;

in addition, the vibrating disk is also helpful for further separating the walnut diaphragms, the shells and the kernels which are mutually attached when vibrating.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a collecting hopper of the winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vibration generating assembly of the winnowing type walnut shell and kernel separator;

in the figure: 1. a support; 2. a feeding box; 21. a feed chute; 3. a pillar; 4. a material blocking cavity; 41. a spoke rack; 42. a thin-walled bearing; 5. a vibration chamber; 6. a centrifugal fan; 61. a winnowing motor; 7. a vibrating pan; 71. a magnetic conductive plate; 8. a vibration generating assembly; 9. a dispersion cover; 10. a collecting hopper; 101. a discharge port; 11. a discharging box; 12. a ring gear; 121. a driving gear; 122. a material distributing motor; 81. a turntable; 82. a rotating shaft; 83. a bearing seat; 84. a spring lower plate; 85. a vibration spring; 86. a spring upper plate; 87. a pulse electromagnet; 88. fixing the electromagnet; 89. a bevel gear set; 810. and adjusting the motor.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, an air separation type walnut shell and kernel separator includes a support 1, wherein an upper portion of the support 1 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of a cylindrical material blocking cavity 4, a feeding box 2 is disposed on one side of the support 1 and above the material blocking cavity 4, the feeding box 2 can send out a material from a feeding chute 21 through an intermittent feeding device, and an outlet of the feeding chute 21 is located in a center above the material blocking cavity 4;

a support 3 fixed at the bottom of the support 1 is arranged at the center below the material blocking cavity 4, a vibration cavity 5 is fixed in the height of the support 3 in the material blocking cavity 4, a vibration disc 7 is arranged on the upper surface of the vibration cavity 5, and the height of the vibration disc 7 is lower than that of the material blocking cavity 4;

a vibration generating assembly 8 is arranged in the vibration cavity 5; a collecting hopper 10 which is communicated with the material blocking cavity 4 and sleeved outside the supporting column 3 is arranged below the material blocking cavity 4;

moreover, the vibrating disk 7 is made of an elastic tympanic membrane material, and the upper surface of the vibrating disk is a rough surface, so that the friction force is large.

In the embodiment, a dispersing cover 9 is fixed on the inner wall of the material blocking cavity 4 through a spoke frame 41 at a position above the vibration disc 7 corresponding to the center of the material blocking cavity, the dispersing cover 9 is an arc-shaped cover with a convex center, and the diameter of the dispersing cover is 1/3-1/2 of the vibration disc;

when the material flows out of the feeding chute 21, the material firstly falls onto the dispersion cover 9 and dispersedly falls into the vibration disk 7 from the periphery of the dispersion cover, so that the material can be uniformly distributed when falling into the vibration disk 7.

In this embodiment, an air separation motor 61 fixed to the spoke frame 41 is provided below the dispersing cover 9, and an output shaft of the air separation motor 61 is connected to a centrifugal fan 6;

and the lowest point of the centrifugal fan 6 is higher than the highest point of the vibration disc 7;

the centrifugal fan 6 can generate wind spreading around the vibration disc 7, so that the material which is bounced up on the vibration disc 7 and has the weight reaching the wind speed condition is blown off the vibration disc 7 and falls into the material blocking cavity 4.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the collecting hopper 10 is an annular cavity that is inwardly closed, a discharge hole 101 is formed below the collecting hopper, the discharge hole 101 is an oblique tapered outlet that is closed in a direction outward of the pillar 3, and a longer side wall of the discharge hole is sleeved on an outer wall of the pillar 3.

In this embodiment, the collecting hopper 10 and the discharge port 101 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the pillar 3, and the edge of the upper end surface of the collecting hopper 10 is rotatably connected to the edge of the lower end surface of the material blocking cavity 4 through the thin-wall bearing 42.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the collecting hopper 10 is fixedly sleeved with a gear ring 12, the outer wall of the material blocking cavity 4 is fixedly provided with a material distributing motor 122, an output shaft of the material distributing motor 122 is connected with a driving gear 121, and the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring 12.

In this embodiment, a plurality of discharging boxes 11 are distributed on the periphery of the pillar 3 below the bracket 1, the highest point of each discharging box 11 is lower than the lowest point of the discharging port 101, and the projection plane of the discharging port 101 is in the plane range of the discharging box 11;

that is to say, can drive collection fill 10 through dividing material motor 122 and rotate around pillar 3 and keep off the marginal facies of material chamber 4, make the discharge gate 101 that is located the pillar 3 side change the direction to let the material that falls from vibration dish 7 under the different conditions fall into different ejection of compact casees 11.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the vibration generating assembly 8 includes a rotating disc 81, a rotating shaft 82 is fixed at the center of the bottom of the rotating disc 81, and the rotating shaft 82 is rotatably connected with the bottom of the vibration cavity 5 through a bearing seat 83;

and the axle center of the rotating shaft 82 is staggered with the axle center of the vibration cavity 5, and the radius of the rotating disc 81 is larger than the distance from the axle center of the rotating shaft 82 to the axle center of the vibration cavity 5.

In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 82 is connected to the adjusting motor 810 through the bevel gear set 89, and the adjusting motor 810 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration cavity 5.

In this embodiment, a plurality of spring lower plates 84 fixedly connected with the turntable 81 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the turntable 81, each spring lower plate 84 is fixed with a vibration spring 85 with different specifications, and the other end of each vibration spring 85 is fixed with a spring upper plate 86;

the lower spring plate 84, the vibration spring 85 and the upper spring plate 86 are concentric;

when the upper spring plate 86 rotates to a position right below the vibration disc 7, the upper spring plate 86 is concentric with the vibration disc 7;

a pulse electromagnet 87 is fixed on the spring lower plate 84, and a fixed electromagnet 88 is fixed above the spring upper plate 86;

that is to say, when one of the fixed electromagnets 88 on the rotating disk 81 rotates to a position right below the vibration disk 7, the fixed electromagnet 88 can be electrified to adsorb the magnetic conduction plate 71 below the vibration disk 7, so that the spring upper plate 86 is fixedly connected with the vibration disk 7, and then pulse current is supplied to the pulse electromagnet 87, and the pulse electromagnet 87 and the fixed electromagnet 88 can generate periodic adsorption and separation effects by matching with the support and the elastic force of the vibration spring 85, so that the vibration disk 7 vibrates, and corresponding materials on the vibration disk vibrate and float.

When the method is specifically implemented, firstly, crushed walnut mixed particles are put into the feeding box 2, and the materials can be sent out from the feeding groove 21 in multiple times through the intermittent feeding device in the feeding box and fall onto the dispersion cover 9;

after falling onto the dispersion cover 9, the materials fall into the vibration disk 7 dispersedly from the periphery of the dispersion cover, so that the materials are uniformly distributed on the vibration disk 7;

the vibration generating assembly 8 drives the vibration disc 7 to sequentially generate vibration with different energies, so that the walnut diaphragms, shells and kernels in the materials are respectively and sequentially bounced, and the centrifugal fan 6 generates wind capable of blowing the corresponding materials to be diffused to the periphery of the materials at different stages, so that the walnut diaphragms, the shells and the kernels are respectively and sequentially blown off the vibration disc 7 and fall into the material blocking cavity 4;

in this embodiment, three different sets of vibration springs 85 are disposed on the turntable 81 of the vibration generating assembly 8, and the specific working principle is as follows: when the turntable 81 rotates the fixed electromagnet 88 thereon to the position right below the vibration disk 7 in sequence through the adjusting motor 810, the fixed electromagnet 88 can be electrified to adsorb the magnetic conduction plate 71 below the vibration disk 7, so that the upper spring plate 86 is fixedly connected with the vibration disk 7;

by introducing pulse current to the pulse electromagnet 87 and matching with the support and the elasticity of the vibration spring 85, the pulse electromagnet 87 and the fixed electromagnet 88 can generate periodic adsorption and separation actions, so that the vibration disk 7 vibrates to generate kinetic energy, and corresponding materials on the vibration disk are vibrated and floated;

because of the weight and density difference among the walnut diaphragm, the shell and the kernel, the floating condition is related to the vibration kinetic energy on the vibration disk 7, the vibration on the vibration disk 7 is simple harmonic motion between the pulse electromagnet 87 and the vibration spring 85, and the vibration kinetic energy is as follows: e_k＝0.5kA²sin²(ω+φ₀) Where k is the stiffness of the vibrating spring 85, A is the amplitude, ω is the angular frequency, φ₀The initial phase is the circular frequency, which is only related to the stiffness and mass of the vibration spring 85, and is determined by its properties, while the amplitude is mainly controlled by the pulse electromagnet 87, but the threshold of the amplitude that can be generated in the same vibration spring 85 is limited, so that different vibration springs 85 need to be selected under different conditions;

in this embodiment, the wind speed of the centrifugal fan 6 is divided into four levels floating in a certain range, and corresponds to four discharging boxes 11, and the discharging port 101 on the side of the pillar 3 is changed in direction by the material distributing motor 122, so that the material falling from the vibrating disk 7 at different wind speeds falls into different discharging boxes 11, and the specific working process is as follows: when the walnut diaphragm floats, the centrifugal fan 6 is used for one gear, and the discharge port 101 rotates to the position of the discharge box I; when the walnut shells float, the centrifugal fan 6 is in the second gear, and the discharge port 101 rotates to the position of the discharge box II; when the walnut kernels float, the centrifugal fan 6 is in third gear, and the discharge port 101 rotates to the position of the discharge box III; and finally, the centrifugal fan 6 blows away all the materials left on the vibration disc 7 by using four gears, and the discharge port 101 rotates to the position of the discharge box four, wherein the materials left in the discharge box four are crushed again and then are added into the feeding box 2 again.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.