阅读说明：本技术 一种超细羊毛深黑色毛条染色工艺 (Dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops ) 是由 王锦鹏 季正英 钱东浩 宋仁华 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种超细羊毛深黑色毛条染色工艺,包括以下步骤：毛条染色,在室温下加入渗透消泡剂和羊毛染色保护剂,第一步醋酸,运行10分钟,再加入毛用活性染料,运行10分钟,再升温到95-100℃保温20分钟,再加入第二步醋酸或甲酸,在95-100℃保温40分钟,再降温到80℃,再加入纯碱,在80℃下保温20分钟,再溢流水洗5-7分钟,排水后皂洗,室温下加入纯碱和皂洗剂,调节皂洗PH值为8-9,再升温至80℃并保温15分钟,再溢流水洗8-10分钟,排水后中和,室温下加入甲酸,运行15分钟后排水。本发明中的工艺减少超细羊毛在染色过程中的损伤,保持超细羊毛的优良性能；提高其得色量,使超细羊毛能染得深黑色；并且保证染色各项色牢度能够满足服用要求。(The invention discloses a dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops, which comprises the following steps: dyeing wool tops, adding a penetrating defoaming agent and a wool dyeing protective agent at room temperature, carrying out acetic acid for 10 minutes in the first step, adding a reactive dye for wool, carrying out operation for 10 minutes, heating to 95-100 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 20 minutes, adding acetic acid or formic acid in the second step, carrying out heat preservation for 40 minutes at 95-100 ℃, cooling to 80 ℃, adding soda ash, carrying out heat preservation for 20 minutes at 80 ℃, carrying out overflow water washing for 5-7 minutes, carrying out soaping after drainage, adding soda ash and a soaping agent at room temperature, adjusting the pH value of the soaping to 8-9, heating to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 15 minutes, carrying out overflow water washing for 8-10 minutes, carrying out neutralization after drainage, adding formic acid at room temperature, carrying out operation for 15 minutes, and then carrying out drainage. The process reduces the damage of the superfine wool in the dyeing process and keeps the excellent performance of the superfine wool; the color yield is improved, so that the superfine wool can be dyed to be dark black; and ensures that various color fastness of dyeing can meet the requirement of taking.)

1. A dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: dyeing wool tops, adding a penetrating defoaming agent and a wool dyeing protective agent at room temperature, carrying out acetic acid operation for 10 minutes in the first step, adding a reactive dye for wool, carrying out operation for 10 minutes, heating to 60 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 0-10 minutes, heating to 70 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 0-10 minutes, heating to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 0-10 minutes, heating to 95-100 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 20 minutes, cooling to 95 ℃, adding acetic acid or formic acid in the second step, heating to 95-100 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 40 minutes, cooling to 80 ℃, linearly and quantitatively adding soda at the speed of 10 minutes, carrying out heat preservation for 20 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, carrying out overflow water washing for 5-7 minutes, then draining;

step two: soaping, namely adding soda ash and a soaping agent at room temperature, adjusting the pH value of soaping to 8-9, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, overflowing and washing for 8-10 minutes, and then draining;

step three: neutralization, formic acid was added at room temperature, run for 15 minutes, and then drained.

2. The process for dyeing the deep black wool tops of superfine wool according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: the penetrating antifoaming agent is ALBAFLOW FFW, and the dosage of the penetrating antifoaming agent is 0.5 mL/L; the wool dyeing protective agent is MIRALAN LTD, and the dosage of the wool dyeing protective agent is 1-2%; the dosage of the acetic acid in the first step is 0.675 to 1.25 percent; the dosage of the acetic acid in the second step is 1.755 to 3.75 percent, and the dosage of the soda ash is 3 percent.

3. The process for dyeing the deep black wool tops of superfine wool according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: in the second step, the usage amount of the sodium carbonate is 1-2%; the soaping agent is ERIOPON NW, and the dosage of the soaping agent is 1-2%.

4. The process for dyeing the deep black wool tops of superfine wool according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: the amount of formic acid in the third step is 0.74-0.89%.

5. The process for dyeing the deep black wool tops of superfine wool according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: when the total dye consumption is more than 5%, the second acetic acid in the first step is replaced by second formic acid, and the second formic acid consumption is 0.8%.

6. The process for dyeing the deep black wool tops of superfine wool according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the highest temperature rise rate of the equipment is adopted in the process of raising the temperature to 80 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wool dyeing, in particular to a dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops.

Background

Wool is a natural protein fiber, and as an important textile material, wool has many excellent properties. The fineness is an important standard for determining the quality and grade of wool. Although the cashmere is fine, the cashmere is expensive and the yield is limited. Accordingly, in recent years, ultrafine wool has been increasingly favored. The wool fiber not only has fineness lower than that of common wool, but also has lower price than cashmere. And with the improvement of living standard of people, the consumption of fashion clothes is continuously increased, and the demand of superfine wool is gradually increased.

The superfine wool fiber has the advantages of fine fineness and large surface area, so that a single fiber is easier to absorb moisture and absorb dye, the dyeing rate is higher, the dye concentration in unit area is lower, more light scattering and multiple internal refraction and reflection can be formed, the fiber is milky white, and the superfine wool is more difficult to dye into dark black. Meanwhile, because the surface area of the fiber is larger, the 'loose color' adsorbed on the surface of the fiber is more and is more difficult to completely remove, and various color fastness of the fiber after dyeing is poor. In addition, the superfine wool fiber is thin and has low strength, and is easily damaged by various factors such as acid, alkali, auxiliaries, high temperature, damp heat, machinery and the like in the dyeing process, so that the yield is reduced, and the excellent performance of the superfine wool is difficult to maintain. Wool belongs to protein fibers, is composed of amino acids, contains a large number of amino groups, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and other groups in molecules, and can be dyed by using direct dyes, acid dyes, metal complex dyes, reactive dyes and the like. The surface of the wool fiber is provided with a hard and compact hydrophobic scale layer, the fiber swells under the high-temperature condition, the scale layer is opened, and the dye mainly permeates into the fiber through a gap between the scale layer and the scale layer. The common dyeing process of wool fibers at present is dyeing under boiling or near boiling conditions, the dyeing time is usually about 60-100 minutes, and the problems of high-temperature treatment for a long time are that much energy is consumed, the wool fibers are easily damaged, the strength is reduced, the fabrics are yellowed and the like, so the low-temperature dyeing process of the wool fibers is one of the research focuses of printing and dyeing workers.

At present, the low-temperature dyeing technology for wool fibers at home and abroad mainly focuses on the aspects of wool fiber modification, a novel dyeing process, a low-temperature dyeing auxiliary agent, low-temperature dyeing dye and the like. The wool fiber is modified by etching the surface of the wool fiber to remove scale layers on the surface of the wool fiber and reduce barriers for dye to diffuse into the fiber, thereby realizing low-temperature dyeing. Common methods for modifying wool fibers include low-temperature plasma, biological enzyme, ionic liquid, oxidant, UV treatment, liquid ammonia and the like. The main dyeing methods include microemulsion system, ultrasonic wave, supercritical, reversed micelle, microcapsule dyeing, etc. The ultrasonic wave has a special acoustic cavitation effect, can form a local hot spot, is accompanied by strong shock waves, jet flow and a discharge and luminescence instantaneous process, is beneficial to the destruction of a fiber scale layer and the sufficient dissolution of dye, is beneficial to the expansion of wool fibers and the opening of the scale layer, and improves the dyeing rate at low temperature. The mechanism of the wool low-temperature dyeing by the aid of the aid method is as follows: the wool fiber is swelled, which is beneficial to the entry of dye and acid agent; or opening disulfide bonds and partial peptide bonds in the wool, and increasing the number of dye bases and the affinity of the dye and the wool fiber; or the lipid on the surface layer of the scale is emulsified by the surfactant, so that the hydrophilicity of the scale is improved, the entering of dye and acid agent is facilitated, and the low-temperature dyeing is realized. The low-temperature dyeing dye is a dye with surface activity, can form bilayer adsorption and spherical micelle adsorption on the surface of wool fibers, increases the concentration gradient of the dye on the surface of the fibers, and is favorable for the dye to diffuse into the fibers at a lower temperature.

In the implementation process of the existing wool dyeing technology, when the scale layer on the surface of the wool fiber is stripped in the modification of the wool fiber, the leather layer of the wool fiber is easily damaged, so that the strong damage of the fiber is easily caused, and the excellent performance of the wool fiber is damaged. The new dyeing process needs special dyeing equipment or uses special auxiliaries, the production process is complex, the production cost is high, and large-scale technological popularization is not available. And the research on low-temperature dyeing dyes is less, the developed varieties are less, and the industrial application is difficult. At present, the low-temperature dyeing auxiliary is one of the most possible ways for industrial application, but the effect of many low-temperature dyeing auxiliary is limited, and the expected target is difficult to achieve.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the technical defects and provide a dyeing process for the deep black wool tops of the superfine wool, so that the damage of the superfine wool in the dyeing process is reduced, and the excellent performance of the superfine wool is maintained; the color yield is improved, so that the superfine wool can be dyed to be dark black; and ensures that various color fastness of dyeing can meet the requirement of taking.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: dyeing wool tops, adding a penetrating defoaming agent and a wool dyeing protective agent at room temperature, carrying out acetic acid operation for 10 minutes in the first step, adding a reactive dye for wool, carrying out operation for 10 minutes, heating to 60 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 0-10 minutes, heating to 70 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 0-10 minutes, heating to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 0-10 minutes, heating to 95-100 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 20 minutes, cooling to 95 ℃, adding acetic acid or formic acid in the second step, heating to 95-100 ℃ at the speed of 0.8-2 ℃/minute, carrying out heat preservation for 40 minutes, cooling to 80 ℃, linearly and quantitatively adding soda at the speed of 10 minutes, carrying out heat preservation for 20 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, carrying out overflow water washing for 5-7 minutes, then draining;

step two: soaping, namely adding soda ash and a soaping agent at room temperature, adjusting the pH value of soaping to 8-9, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, overflowing and washing for 8-10 minutes, and then draining;

step three: neutralization, formic acid was added at room temperature, run for 15 minutes, and then drained.

As a refinement, the penetrating antifoaming agent is ALBAFLOW FFW and is used in an amount of 0.5 mL/L; the wool dyeing protective agent is MIRALAN LTD, and the dosage of the wool dyeing protective agent is 1-2%; the dosage of the acetic acid in the first step is 0.675 to 1.25 percent; the dosage of the acetic acid in the second step is 1.755 to 3.75 percent, and the dosage of the soda ash is 3 percent.

As an improvement, the amount of the sodium carbonate used in the second step is 1-2%; the soaping agent is ERIOPON NW, and the dosage of the soaping agent is 1-2%.

As an improvement, the amount of formic acid in the step three is 0.74-0.89%.

As an improvement, when the total using amount of the dye is more than 5%, the second step acetic acid in the first step is replaced by the second step formic acid, and the using amount of the second step formic acid is 0.8%.

As an improvement, the highest temperature rise rate of the equipment is adopted in the process of raising the temperature to 80 ℃ in the second step.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the wool dyeing protective agent MIRALAN LTD is selected, so that the dyeing temperature of the deep black wool tops of the superfine wool is reduced from 100 ℃ to 95 ℃, wool fibers are effectively protected, the natural characteristics of the wool are maintained, the damage and yellowing of the fibers are reduced, the hand feeling and the physical properties of the fibers are maintained, the spinnability is improved, the production rate is increased, and energy is saved. Meanwhile, the wool protective agent can improve the color yield, so that the superfine wool can be dyed to be dark black, and the dyeing reproducibility is improved;

(2) according to the invention, the use amount of the soaping soda ash is adjusted, the PH value of soaping is controlled to be 8-9, the damage of alkaline soaping to wool fibers is reduced to the maximum extent while the excellent dyeing fastness of the superfine wool is ensured, and the natural characteristics of the wool are maintained.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to only the following examples. Variations, combinations, or substitutions of the invention, which are within the scope of the invention or the spirit, scope of the invention, will be apparent to those of skill in the art and are within the scope of the invention.

Example one

A dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: dyeing wool tops, adding a penetrating defoaming agent and a wool dyeing protective agent at room temperature, adding acetic acid at the first step, running for 10 minutes, adding a reactive dye for wool, running for 10 minutes, heating to 60 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, heating to 70 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, heating to 80 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, heating to 95 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, adding formic acid at the second step, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes at 95 ℃, cooling to 80 ℃, adding soda at linear and quantitative rate for 10 minutes, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes at 80 ℃, overflowing, washing with water for 7 minutes, and draining. Wherein the penetrating antifoaming agent is ALBAFLOW FFW and the dosage of the penetrating antifoaming agent is 0.5 mL/L; the wool dyeing protective agent is MIRALAN LTD, and the dosage of the wool dyeing protective agent is 2%; the dosage of acetic acid in the first step is 1.25%; the wool reactive dyes are lanosol gold dye CE-010.6%, lanosol RED CE 0.5%, lanosol BLUE CE 0.6%, lanosol DEEP BLACK CE-R5.5%; the using amount of the formic acid in the second step is 0.8 percent; the dosage of the sodium carbonate is 3%.

Step two: and (3) soaping, namely adding soda ash and a soaping agent at room temperature, adjusting the pH value of the soaping to be 8.64, raising the temperature to 80 ℃ at the maximum heating rate, keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, overflowing and washing for 10 minutes, and draining. Wherein the using amount of the sodium carbonate is 1.5 percent; the soaping agent was ERIOPON NW and its usage was 2%.

Step three: neutralization, formic acid addition at room temperature, 15 minutes of run, and drainage. Wherein the amount of formic acid is 0.89%.

Example two

A dyeing process of superfine wool dark black wool tops comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: dyeing wool tops, adding a penetrating defoaming agent and a wool dyeing protective agent at room temperature, adding acetic acid at the first step, running for 10 minutes, adding a reactive dye for wool, running for 10 minutes, heating to 60 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes, heating to 70 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes, heating to 80 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes, heating to 95 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, adding formic acid at the second step, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes at the speed of 95 ℃, cooling to 80 ℃, linearly and quantitatively adding sodium carbonate at the speed of 10 minutes, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, overflowing and washing for 5 minutes, and draining. Wherein the penetrating antifoaming agent is ALBAFLOW FFW and the dosage of the penetrating antifoaming agent is 0.5 mL/L; the wool dyeing protective agent is MIRALAN LTD, and the dosage of the wool dyeing protective agent is 2%; the dosage of acetic acid in the first step is 1.25%; the wool reactive dyes are lanosol gold dye CE-010.6%, lanosol RED CE 0.5%, lanosol BLUE CE 0.5%, lanosol DEEP BLACK CE-R5%; the using amount of the formic acid in the second step is 0.8 percent; the dosage of the sodium carbonate is 3%.

Step two: and (3) soaping, namely adding soda ash and a soaping agent at room temperature, adjusting the pH value of the soaping to be 8.84, raising the temperature to 80 ℃ at the maximum heating rate, keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, overflowing and washing for 8 minutes, and draining. Wherein the using amount of the soda ash is 1.65%; the soaping agent was ERIOPON NW and its usage was 1%.

Step three: neutralization, formic acid addition at room temperature, 15 minutes of run, and drainage. Wherein the amount of formic acid is 0.89%.

The dyeing results of example one and example two are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

The fiber length ratios for example one are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

The fiber length ratios for example two are shown in table 3:

TABLE 3

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.