阅读说明：本技术 一种微沟槽阵列切削刀具及安装方法 (Micro-groove array cutting tool and mounting method ) 是由 郭宗福 胡小平 纪华伟 吴欣 于保华 叶红仙 于 2021-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种微沟槽阵列切削刀具及安装方法,旨在提供一种高效低成本且切削精度高的微沟槽阵列切削刀具。它包括刀具架和刀具,刀具架上设有容纳刀具的凹槽,刀具两侧设有顶块,顶块两侧分别与刀具和凹槽内侧壁紧贴,刀具架前后方设有刀具前压板和刀具后压板。刀具前后由刀具前压板和刀具后压板夹持,刀具两侧由顶块顶住限位,确保刀具一直固定在刀具架内部。本发明结构精简,拆装方便,刀具在磨损后能方便的进行更换,降低了刀具的维修难度和成本,具有较高的实用价值。(The invention discloses a micro-groove array cutting tool and an installation method thereof, and aims to provide a micro-groove array cutting tool which is efficient, low in cost and high in cutting precision. The tool comprises a tool rest and tools, grooves for accommodating the tools are formed in the tool rest, ejector blocks are arranged on two sides of the tools, two sides of each ejector block are respectively attached to the inner side walls of the tools and the grooves, and a tool front pressing plate and a tool rear pressing plate are arranged in the front and at the rear of the tool rest. The front and the back of the cutter are clamped by a cutter front pressing plate and a cutter back pressing plate, and the two sides of the cutter are propped by a jacking block for limiting, so that the cutter is ensured to be fixed inside the cutter frame all the time. The invention has simple structure and convenient disassembly and assembly, can conveniently replace the cutter after being worn, reduces the maintenance difficulty and the cost of the cutter and has higher practical value.)

1. The micro-groove array cutting tool is characterized by comprising a tool rest and tools, wherein grooves for accommodating the tools are formed in the tool rest, ejector blocks are arranged on two sides of the tools, two sides of each ejector block are respectively attached to the tools and the inner side walls of the grooves, and a tool front pressing plate and a tool rear pressing plate are arranged in the front and the rear of the tool rest.

2. The micro groove array cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is composed of alternately stacked tool pieces and clearance pieces.

3. The micro-groove array cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the tool holder comprises two side posts and a cross member, the two side posts and the cross member forming the recess, the cross member inner surface serving as a locating surface for engaging the bottom of the tool.

4. The micro-groove array cutting tool of claim 3, wherein the side post has a through hole, and a tightening screw is disposed in the through hole and abuts against an outer side wall of the top block.

5. The micro-groove array cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a mounting tool shank is arranged above the tool holder, the mounting tool shank is connected with the tool holder through a tool shank connecting frame, a screw hole for accommodating a connecting screw is arranged on the tool shank connecting frame, one end of the connecting screw is connected with the top of the tool holder, and the other end of the connecting screw penetrates through the screw hole to be connected with the mounting tool shank.

6. The cutting tool of claim 3, wherein the cross member of the tool holder has a through hole for receiving the mounting screw, the front tool holder and the rear tool holder have openings corresponding to the positions of the through holes, and the front tool holder, the tool holder and the rear tool holder are fixedly connected by the mounting screw.

7. A method of mounting a micro groove array cutting tool using the micro groove array cutting tool of claim 6, comprising the steps of:

firstly, placing a jacking block in a tool rack and on two sides of a tool, and installing jacking screws on two sides of the tool rack; then, setting cutters according to the number of the micro-groove arrays, placing the combined cutters into a gap between the two ejector blocks, and screwing the jacking screws tightly;

secondly, flatly placing the cutter frame on the table top of the plane workbench, wherein the axes of the cutter handles are horizontally distributed, the table top is horizontally distributed, the cutter sheets are vertically distributed, and a rubber hammer or a copper hammer is adopted to lightly beat the cutter sheets, the gap sheets and the jacking blocks to enable one surface of the cutter sheets to be attached to the table top of the plane workbench; then, erecting the cutter frame, enabling the axes of the cutter handles to be vertically distributed, enabling the bottom surfaces of the cutter sheet and the gap sheet to be tightly attached to the positioning surface on the cutter frame by knocking the top surfaces of the gap sheet and the cutter sheet, and then further screwing a jacking screw;

step three, repeating the knocking adjustment process in the step two until the bottom surfaces of the cutter piece and the gap piece are completely attached to the positioning surface, and tightly pushing the screw to completely fix the cutter;

and step four, fixedly connecting the tool handle connecting frame with the tool mounting handle by adopting a connecting screw, placing the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate on two sides of the tool rack, and fixedly connecting the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate with the tool handle connecting frame by adopting the mounting screw.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining equipment. In particular to a micro-groove array cutting tool and an installation method.

Background

By constructing different microstructures on the surface of the material, the surface of the material can have the characteristics of super hydrophobicity, wear resistance, friction reduction, light trapping and the like. The method has huge application prospect and technical value in the technical fields of aerospace, microelectronics, biomaterials, automobiles, energy sources and the like. The surface micro-nano structure generally has the characteristics of regular texture structure, certain periodicity and the like, and different functional characteristics can be shown on the surface of the material through different sizes and arrangement combinations.

At present, the following methods can be mainly used for realizing the surface micro-nano structure. (1) The photoetching technology can obtain a micro-nano structure with the processing size of dozens of nanometers by utilizing an electron beam or a laser beam, and the method has the advantages that the precision is high, and the shape of the obtained micro-nano structure can be well controlled; (2) according to the femtosecond laser processing technology, due to the fact that femtosecond laser is not limited by diffraction limit, the size far smaller than the diameter of a light spot can be processed, and researchers find through experiments that nanowires with the width of 10nm are processed by the femtosecond laser, and the femtosecond laser processing technology has unique advantages in the field of micro-nano processing. In addition, the femtosecond laser bimolecular polymerization technology can realize the processing of a nano-sized structure; (3) and a self-assembly process, wherein photoetching is combined with a self-assembly and etching process, and the nanopore with the size of about 6nm can be obtained through the self-assembly process. (4) The plasma etching technology is the most widely applied micro-nano processing means, has high processing precision and is one of the most critical processes in integrated circuit manufacturing. (5) The deposition method mainly comprises physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition, and the method mainly utilizes a physical chemical process of vapor generation to form functional or decorative metal on the surface of a workpiece, and can be used for realizing the manufacture of the coating with the micro-nano structure. (6) The micro-nano additive manufacturing technology mainly refers to micro-nano-scale electro-spray additive manufacturing and micro-laser additive manufacturing technology, and can be used for multi-material cooperative manufacturing due to the fact that the micro-nano additive manufacturing technology is not limited by shapes, and has a wide development prospect. Besides the above processing technologies, the processing of the surface micro-nano structure can also be realized by an electrostatic spinning method, nano imprinting, nano casting, traditional diamond cutting and ultra-precise micro milling technologies. However, the costs of these processes are generally high.

The application discloses a multi-cutter mechanism for efficiently and precisely cutting a fine structure and a using method thereof, wherein the name of the multi-cutter mechanism is high-efficiency and precisely cutting the fine structure, and the using method thereof is published on 2019, 11, 12, and the application discloses the multi-cutter mechanism for efficiently and precisely cutting the fine structure and the using method thereof, the multi-cutter mechanism comprises a cutter assembly and a workpiece assembly, the cutter assembly comprises a first cutter holder, a cutter mounting base and a cutting cutter head fixed on the cutter mounting base, the first cutter holder is fixed on a feed guide rail of an engraving machine tool, and the number of the cutter mounting bases is two; the workpiece assembly comprises a workpiece driving device and a workpiece clamping seat arranged on the workpiece driving device; the workpiece driving device comprises a linear driving device and a rotary driving device, the multi-cutter structure in a row-connected mode is adopted, simultaneous cutting of a plurality of cutter heads is effectively achieved, the purpose of improving cutting efficiency is achieved, and compared with the traditional single-head cutting, the mechanism can be applied to a larger workpiece or module in the cutting process, the effect of reducing the splicing times of the workpiece or module is achieved, and the quality of a finished product is effectively guaranteed. This scheme improves cutting efficiency mainly through increasing a plurality of tool bits, and the change of tool bit is more troublesome, and the range of application is less.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides the micro-groove array cutting tool with high efficiency, low cost and high cutting precision.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a little groove array cutting tool, includes tool holder and cutter, is equipped with the recess that holds the cutter on the tool holder, and the cutter both sides are equipped with the kicking block, and the kicking block both sides are hugged closely with cutter and recess inside wall respectively, and the tool holder front and back is equipped with preceding clamp plate of cutter and cutter back clamp plate. The cutter passes through cutter front pressing plate and cutter back pressing plate centre gripping, and the cutter both sides are withstood spacing by the kicking block, ensure that the cutter is fixed inside the cutter frame always.

Preferably, the cutter consists of cutter blades and clearance blades which are alternately stacked. The cutter adopts the form of the superposition combination of the cutter piece and the clearance piece to realize various cutting effects:

the micro grooves with different geometric dimensions can be machined by selecting cutting blades and clearance blades with different thicknesses;

the size requirement of the machining area is met by assembling different numbers of cutting blades and clearance blades;

designing the geometrical structure of the front tool angle and the rear tool angle of the cutting blade according to the processing material and the process parameters;

technological steps are designed on two sides of the cutting blade and the clearance blade to ensure the tight contact with the positioning surface of the tool rest so as to meet the requirement of dimensional precision.

The cutting blade can be made of a material with higher hardness and better toughness, such as a molybdenum sheet or a quenched steel sheet.

Preferably, the tool holder comprises two side columns and a cross beam, the two side columns and the cross beam form the groove, and the inner surface of the cross beam is used as a positioning surface to be attached to the bottom of the tool. Because the bottom of the cutter is attached to the positioning surface, the contour of the positioning surface determines the position of the cutter, and the cutter is suitable for machining micro grooves on machining surfaces with different contours.

Preferably, the side column is provided with a through hole, and a jacking screw abutted against the outer side wall of the jacking block is arranged in the through hole. The jacking screw can help the jacking block to better abut against the cutter, is firm and reliable, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and facilitates replacement of the blade on the cutter.

Preferably, the installation tool handle is arranged above the tool rest and connected with the tool rest through the tool handle connecting frame, a screw hole for accommodating a connecting screw is formed in the tool handle connecting frame, one end of the connecting screw is connected with the top of the tool rest, and the other end of the connecting screw penetrates through the screw hole and is connected with the installation tool handle. The tool holder is connected with the installation tool handle through the tool handle connecting frame, and the installation tool handle is connected with the machine tool to realize the scanning machining of the tool on the surface of the workpiece.

Preferably, the cross beam of the tool rack is provided with a through hole for accommodating the mounting screw, the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate are provided with open holes corresponding to the through holes, and the front tool pressing plate, the tool rack and the rear tool pressing plate are fixedly connected through the mounting screw. The mounting screws are adopted to ensure that the front pressing plate and the rear pressing plate of the cutter respectively have clamping effect on the front and the rear of the cutter, and the mounting structure is simple and firm.

The invention also provides an installation method of the micro-groove array cutting tool, which comprises the following specific steps:

firstly, placing the jacking blocks in the tool rack and on two sides of a tool, and installing jacking screws on two sides of the tool rack. Then, setting cutters according to the number of the micro-groove arrays, alternately stacking cutting cutter pieces and cutter gap pieces together to ensure the position of a process ladder, putting the combined cutters into a gap between two jacking blocks, and screwing jacking screws;

secondly, flatly placing the cutter frame on a plane workbench, lightly tapping the cutter sheet, the gap sheet and the ejector block by adopting a rubber hammer or a copper hammer to ensure that one surface of the cutter sheet, the gap sheet and the ejector block is attached to the plane of the workbench, then erecting the cutter frame, enabling the bottom surfaces of the cutter sheet and the gap sheet to be closely attached to a positioning surface on the cutter frame by tapping the side surface of the stepped groove on the gap sheet and the top surface of the cutter sheet, and then further screwing a jacking screw;

step three, continuously repeating the knocking adjustment process in the step two until the bottom surfaces of the cutter piece and the gap piece are completely attached to the positioning surface, and tightly pushing the screws to completely fix the cutter piece and the gap piece;

and step four, fixedly connecting the tool handle connecting frame with the tool mounting handle by adopting a connecting screw, placing the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate on two sides of the tool rack, and fixedly connecting the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate with the tool handle connecting frame by adopting the mounting screw.

The assembled cutter (the blade and the gap sheet are alternately overlapped) can be independently used after being fixed by curing glue such as epoxy resin and the like. The cutter can be arranged on the main shaft frame or the sliding table to realize relative movement with the workpiece for sliding and rubbing processing, and the cutter can be arranged on the ultrasonic variable-spoke rod to realize ultrasonic processing on the surface of the workpiece.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the assembly cutter can realize the forming processing of a plurality of micro grooves by one-time processing, so that the processing efficiency is greatly improved;

the thin slice with the thickness equal to the width of the groove is used as a blade for processing, so that the development cost of the cutter is greatly reduced;

the blades of the cutter assembling part can be conveniently replaced after being worn or damaged, and the maintenance difficulty and cost of the cutter are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

in the figure: the tool comprises a mounting tool shank 1, a tool shank connecting frame 2, a tool holder 3, a tool front pressing plate 4, a jacking block 5, a tool 6, a tool rear pressing plate 7, a jacking screw 8, a mounting screw 9, a connecting screw 10, a tool piece 11 and a clearance piece 12.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:

as shown in FIG. 1, the micro-groove array cutting tool comprises a mounting tool shank 1, a tool shank connecting frame 2, a tool holder 3, a tool front pressing plate 4, a jacking block 5, a tool 6, a tool rear pressing plate 7, a jacking screw 8, a mounting screw 9, a connecting screw 10, a tool piece 11 and a gap piece 12. Be equipped with the recess that holds the cutter on the tool holder 3, the cutter both sides are equipped with the kicking block, and the kicking block both sides are hugged closely with cutter and recess inside wall respectively, and the tool holder front and back is equipped with cutter front board 4 and cutter back board 7. The cutter frame is located between the cutter front pressing plate 4 and the cutter rear pressing plate 7, a cutter is clamped by the cutter front pressing plate and the cutter rear pressing plate, two sides of the cutter are propped by the jacking blocks to be limited, and the cutter is ensured to be fixed inside the cutter frame all the time.

The cutter consists of cutter sheets and clearance sheets which are alternately superposed. The cutter adopts a mode of combining the cutter piece and the clearance piece in a superposition mode to realize various cutting effects, and particularly, the machining of micro grooves with different geometric dimensions can be realized by selecting cutting blades and clearance pieces with different thicknesses; the size requirement of the machining area is met by assembling different numbers of cutting blades and clearance blades; designing the geometrical structure of the front tool angle and the rear tool angle of the cutting blade according to the processing material and the process parameters; technological steps are designed on two sides of the cutting blade and the clearance blade to ensure the tight contact with the positioning surface of the tool rest so as to meet the requirement of dimensional precision. In addition, the cutting blade can be made of a material with higher hardness and better toughness, such as a molybdenum sheet or a quenched steel sheet.

The tool rest comprises two side columns and a cross beam connected with the two side columns, the two side columns and the cross beam form the groove, and the inner surface of the cross beam is attached to the bottom of a tool as a positioning surface. Because the bottom of the cutter is attached to the positioning surface, the contour of the positioning surface determines the position of the cutter, and the cutter is suitable for machining micro grooves on machining surfaces with different contours.

The side column is provided with a through hole, and a jacking screw 8 which is abutted against the outer side wall of the jacking block is arranged in the through hole. The jacking screw can help the jacking block to better abut against the cutter, is firm and reliable, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and facilitates replacement of the blade on the cutter.

The crossbeam of the tool rack is provided with a through hole for accommodating the mounting screw, the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate are provided with open holes corresponding to the through hole, and the front tool pressing plate, the tool rack and the rear tool pressing plate are fixedly connected through the mounting screw 9. The mounting screws sequentially penetrate through the opening on the front cutter pressing plate, the through hole on the cutter frame and the opening on the rear cutter pressing plate. The mounting screws are adopted to ensure that the front pressing plate and the rear pressing plate of the cutter respectively have clamping effect on the front and the rear of the cutter, and the mounting structure is simple and firm.

The cutter frame top is equipped with installation handle of a knife 1, and the installation handle of a knife passes through handle of a knife link 2 to be connected with cutter frame 3, is equipped with the screw that holds connecting screw 10 on the handle of a knife link, and connecting screw one end is connected with the cutter frame top, and the connecting screw other end passes the screw and is connected with the installation handle of a knife. The tool holder is connected with the installation tool handle through the tool handle connecting frame, and the installation tool handle is connected with the machine tool to realize the scanning machining of the tool on the surface of the workpiece.

A mounting method of a micro-groove array cutting tool comprises the following specific steps:

firstly, placing a jacking block 5 in a tool rack 3 and on two sides of a tool, and installing jacking screws 8 on the two sides of the tool rack; then, setting cutters according to the number of the micro-groove arrays, specifically, alternately stacking a cutting cutter piece 11 and a cutter gap piece 12 together according to the number of the micro-groove arrays to form the cutters, putting the combined cutters into a gap between two jacking blocks 5, and screwing a jacking screw 8 to preliminarily fix the cutter piece 11 and the gap piece 12;

secondly, the cutter frame 3 is flatly placed on the table top of the plane workbench, the axes of the cutter handles are horizontally distributed, the table top is horizontally distributed, the cutter pieces are vertically distributed, and one surface of the cutter piece 11, the gap piece 12 and the top block 5 is attached to the table top of the plane workbench by lightly tapping the cutter piece 11, the gap piece 12 and the top block by a rubber hammer or a copper hammer; then, erecting the cutter frame 3, enabling the axes of the cutter handles to be vertically distributed, enabling the bottom surfaces of the cutter blades and the clearance plate to be tightly attached to the positioning surface on the cutter frame by knocking the top surfaces of the clearance plate 12 and the cutter blades, and then further screwing the jacking screw 8;

step three, repeating the knocking adjustment process in the step two until the bottom surfaces of the cutter piece and the gap piece are completely attached to the positioning surface, and tightly pushing the screw to completely fix the cutter;

and step four, fixedly connecting the tool shank connecting frame 2 with the tool shank mounting frame 1 by adopting a connecting screw 10, then placing the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate on two sides of the tool shank, and fixedly connecting the front tool pressing plate and the rear tool pressing plate with the tool shank connecting frame by adopting a mounting screw.

The assembled cutter (the blade and the gap sheet are alternately overlapped) can be independently used after being fixed by curing glue such as epoxy resin and the like. The cutter can be arranged on the main shaft frame or the sliding table to realize relative movement with the workpiece for sliding and rubbing processing, and the cutter can be arranged on the ultrasonic variable-spoke rod to realize ultrasonic processing on the surface of the workpiece.