阅读说明：本技术 一种金属及非金属复合材料的3d打印机及其打印方法 (3D printer made of metal and nonmetal composite material and printing method thereof ) 是由 李振 刘俊丰 程祥 王鹏飞 曹莹泽 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种金属及非金属复合材料的3D打印机及其打印方法,属于3D打印机技术领域,能够解决现有3D打印技术不能一体打印金属和非金属材料的问题,包括框架、打印平台、第一料筒、第一料管、送料辊、第二料管、加热部件、喷头部件及控制部件,打印平台沿靠近或远离喷头部件的方向运动,喷头部件在垂直于打印平台运动方向的平面上运动,用于向打印平台喷涂金属材料或非金属材料以进行3D打印,第一料筒用于存储金属材料,送料辊用于输送非金属材料,送料辊与喷头部件通过第二料管连通,加热部件包括金属加热件及非金属加热件,金属加热件用于对第一料筒及第一料管内的金属材料进行加热,非金属加热件用于对喷头部件内的非金属材料进行加热。(The invention discloses a 3D printer of metal and non-metal composite materials and a printing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of 3D printers and being capable of solving the problem that the existing 3D printing technology can not print metal and non-metal materials integrally, comprising a frame, a printing platform, a first material cylinder, a first material pipe, a feeding roller, a second material pipe, a heating part, a spray head part and a control part, wherein the printing platform moves along the direction close to or far away from the spray head part, the spray head part moves on a plane vertical to the moving direction of the printing platform and is used for spraying the metal materials or the non-metal materials to the printing platform for 3D printing, the first material cylinder is used for storing the metal materials, the feeding roller is used for conveying the non-metal materials, the feeding roller is communicated with the spray head part through the second material pipe, the heating part comprises metal heating parts and non-metal heating parts, the metal heating parts are used for heating the metal materials in the first material cylinder and the first material pipe, the non-metal heating element is used for heating the non-metal material in the spray head component.)

1. A3D printer made of metal and nonmetal composite materials is characterized by comprising a frame, a printing platform, a first material barrel, a first material pipe, a feeding roller, a second material pipe, a heating part, a spray head part and a control part, wherein the printing platform is arranged on the frame;

the nozzle part and the printing platform are arranged on the frame, and the nozzle part is positioned above the printing platform;

the printing platform moves in a direction close to or far away from the head component;

the nozzle part moves on a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the printing platform and is used for spraying a metal material or a non-metal material to the printing platform to perform 3D printing;

the first material barrel is used for storing metal materials and communicated with the nozzle component through the first material pipe;

the feeding roller is used for conveying the non-metal material, and the feeding roller is communicated with the spray head component through the second material pipe;

the heating component comprises a metal heating component and a non-metal heating component, the metal heating component is used for heating metal materials in the first material cylinder and the first material pipe so as to melt the metal materials, and the non-metal heating component is used for heating non-metal materials in the spray head component;

the control component is used for controlling the printing platform and the spray head component to move and controlling the metal heating component and the nonmetal heating component to work.

2. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein the nozzle part comprises a non-metallic material flow channel and a metallic material flow channel, and the metallic material flow channel is located inside the non-metallic material flow channel.

3. The 3D printer of claim 2, wherein the outlet end of the metallic material flow channel extends beyond the outlet end of the non-metallic material flow channel.

4. The 3D printer of claim 3, wherein the non-metallic heating element is a heating block, and the heating block is wrapped outside the non-metallic material flow passage.

5. The 3D printer of claim 4, wherein the number of the heating blocks is two, and the two heating blocks are respectively close to an inlet end and an outlet end of the non-metallic material flow passage.

6. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein the metal heating element comprises a heating sleeve and a tube heating wire;

the heating sleeve is wrapped outside the first charging barrel and used for heating the metal material in the first charging barrel;

the material pipe heating wire is wound outside the first material pipe and used for heating the metal material in the first material pipe.

7. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein the control component comprises a metallic feed drive component and a non-metallic feed drive component;

the metal feeding driving part comprises a first stepping motor and a double-shaft ball screw sliding table, and the first stepping motor is used for driving the piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move so as to apply pressure to the metal material in the first charging barrel;

the non-metal feeding driving part is a second stepping motor, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected with an inner hole of the feeding roller and used for driving the feeding roller to rotate so that non-metal materials are extruded to the nozzle part through the second material pipe.

8. The 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the metal material comprises a metal or an alloy having a melting point below 300 degrees Celsius, and the non-metal material is an organic polymer material or an inorganic polymer material;

preferably, the non-metallic material comprises one or more of PLA, PET, TPU, ABS, nylon, rubber.

9. A printing method applied to a 3D printer of the metal and non-metal composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises:

s1, controlling the heating component to work, and heating a first material barrel for storing metal materials, a first material pipe and a nozzle component;

s2, controlling the first stepping motor to work to drive the piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move, so that the metal material is extruded from the metal material flow channel;

s3, controlling a second stepping motor to work so as to control the non-metal material to be extruded from the non-metal material flow channel;

s4, controlling the printing platform to move along the direction towards or away from the nozzle part, and controlling the nozzle part to move on the plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the printing platform, so that the non-metal material wraps the metal material to print a three-dimensional entity on the printing platform;

and S5, controlling the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor to stop working, so that the extrusion of the metal material and the non-metal material is stopped, and the extrusion stop of the non-metal material is lagged behind that of the metal material.

10. The method of printing the metal and non-metal composite of claim 9, the method further comprising: before the 3D printer is used, G codes are written and loaded into the control component, the G codes are used for controlling a printing path of the nozzle component, the printing path is continuous, and the middle part of the printing path is not disconnected.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a 3D printer made of metal and nonmetal composite materials and a printing method of the 3D printer, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printers.

Background

The development of 3D printing technology provides a new platform for manufacturing complex parts that are difficult to manufacture with traditional methods. The 3D printing technique is also called additive manufacturing technique, which is based on three-dimensional CAD model files and uses a layer-by-layer printing method to build up layers to form objects. Has been widely used in the fields of aerospace, biomedicine, education and teaching, automobile industry and the like. Common additive manufacturing processes include fused deposition methods, stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and the like.

At present, two major development factors restricting 3D printing technology are printing technology and materials used for printing. The existing 3D printer can only print products with single material, such as PLA, ABS, PE, and the like, and the interlayer adhesiveness is poor in the process of stacking the materials layer by layer, so that the printed products have poor mechanical properties such as strength and rigidity. The strength and rigidity of the metal material are far better than those of the non-metal material, but in the field of mixed printing of the metal material and the non-metal material, due to the huge difference of the metal material and the non-metal material in the melting point and the poor compatibility and printing performance between the metal material and the non-metal material, the currently available 3D printing technology cannot integrally print the metal material and the non-metal material.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a 3D printer of a metal and non-metal composite material and a printing method thereof, which can solve the problem that the existing 3D printing technology cannot integrally print the metal and non-metal material.

On one hand, the invention provides a 3D printer made of metal and nonmetal composite materials, which comprises a frame, a printing platform, a first material cylinder, a first material pipe, a feeding roller, a second material pipe, a heating part, a spray head part and a control part, wherein the printing platform is arranged on the frame;

the nozzle part and the printing platform are arranged on the frame, and the nozzle part is positioned above the printing platform;

the printing platform moves in a direction close to or far away from the head component;

the nozzle part moves on a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the printing platform and is used for spraying a metal material or a non-metal material to the printing platform to perform 3D printing;

the first material barrel is used for storing metal materials and communicated with the nozzle component through the first material pipe;

the feeding roller is used for conveying the non-metal material, and the feeding roller is communicated with the spray head component through the second material pipe;

the heating component comprises a metal heating component and a non-metal heating component, the metal heating component is used for heating metal materials in the first material cylinder and the first material pipe so as to melt the metal materials, and the non-metal heating component is used for heating non-metal materials in the spray head component;

the control component is used for controlling the printing platform and the spray head component to move and controlling the metal heating component and the nonmetal heating component to work.

Optionally, the nozzle part includes a non-metal material flow passage and a metal material flow passage, and the metal material flow passage is located inside the non-metal material flow passage.

Optionally, the outlet end of the metal material flow passage extends out of the outlet end of the nonmetal material flow passage.

Optionally, the non-metal heating element is a heating block, and the heating block is wrapped outside the non-metal material flow passage.

Optionally, the number of the heating blocks is two, and the two heating blocks are respectively close to the inlet end and the outlet end of the non-metal material flow channel.

Optionally, the metal heating element includes a heating sleeve and a material pipe heating wire;

the heating sleeve is wrapped outside the first charging barrel and used for heating the metal material in the first charging barrel;

the material pipe heating wire is wound outside the first material pipe and used for heating the metal material in the first material pipe.

Optionally, the control part comprises a metal feeding driving part and a non-metal feeding driving part;

the metal feeding driving part comprises a first stepping motor and a double-shaft ball screw sliding table, and the first stepping motor is used for driving the piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move so as to apply pressure to the metal material in the first charging barrel;

the non-metal feeding driving part is a second stepping motor, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected with an inner hole of the feeding roller and used for driving the feeding roller to rotate so that non-metal materials are extruded to the nozzle part through the second material pipe.

Optionally, the metal material includes a metal or an alloy with a melting point below 300 ℃, and the non-metal material is an organic polymer material or an inorganic polymer material;

preferably, the non-metallic material comprises one or more of PLA, PET, TPU, ABS, nylon, rubber.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a printing method applied to a 3D printer of any one of the above metal and non-metal composite materials, the method including:

s1, controlling the heating component to work, and heating a first material barrel for storing metal materials, a first material pipe and a nozzle component;

s2, controlling the first stepping motor to work to drive the piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move, so that the metal material is extruded from the metal material flow channel;

s3, controlling a second stepping motor to work so as to control the non-metal material to be extruded from the non-metal material flow channel;

s4, controlling the printing platform to move along the direction towards or away from the nozzle part, and controlling the nozzle part to move on the plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the printing platform, so that the non-metal material wraps the metal material to print a three-dimensional entity on the printing platform;

and S5, controlling the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor to stop working, so that the extrusion of the metal material and the non-metal material is stopped, and the extrusion stop of the non-metal material is lagged behind that of the metal material.

Optionally, the method further includes: before the 3D printer is used, G codes are written and loaded into the control component, the G codes are used for controlling a printing path of the nozzle component, the printing path is continuous, and the middle part of the printing path is not disconnected.

The invention can produce the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the heated and melted metal material is extruded from the metal runner in a mode that the first stepping motor drives the piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move, and the heated non-metal material is controlled to be extruded from the non-metal runner through the rotation of the second stepping motor, so that the non-metal material wraps the metal material to complete the printing of a three-dimensional entity on the printing platform, and the development space of a 3D printing technology is expanded.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the head assembly of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a printing path in a printing method of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the printed object after printing in fig. 3.

List of parts and reference numerals:

1. a frame; 2. a printing platform; 3. a first barrel; 4. a first material pipe; 5. a second material pipe; 6. heating the sleeve; 7. a material pipe heating wire; 8. a heating block; 9. a non-metallic material flow channel; 10. a metallic material flow channel; 11. a first stepper motor; 12. a double-shaft ball screw sliding table; 13. a second stepper motor.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D printer made of metal and non-metal composite materials, including a frame 1, a printing platform 2, a first material cylinder 3, a first material pipe 4, a feeding roller, a second material pipe 5, a heating component, a nozzle component, and a control component.

The metal material in the embodiment comprises metal or alloy with the melting point below 300 ℃; the non-metal material is an organic polymer material or an inorganic polymer material, and specifically, the non-metal material comprises one or more of PLA, PET, TPU, ABS, nylon and rubber.

The head part and the printing platform 2 are both arranged on the frame 1, and the head part is positioned above the printing platform 2.

The printing platform 2 is moved in a direction towards or away from the head member.

The nozzle part moves on a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the printing platform 2, and is used for spraying a metal material or a non-metal material to the printing platform 2 for 3D printing.

The first barrel 3 is used for storing metal materials, and the first barrel 3 is communicated with the head component through the first material pipe 4.

The feed roller is used for conveying the non-metal material, and the feed roller is communicated with the spray head component through the second material pipe 5.

The heating component comprises a metal heating component and a nonmetal heating component, the metal heating component is used for heating metal materials in the first material cylinder 3 and the first material pipe 4 so as to melt the metal materials and ensure that the temperature of the whole spray head component is within a specified temperature range, and the nonmetal heating component is used for heating the nonmetal materials in the spray head component.

The nozzle part comprises a non-metal material flow passage 9 and a metal material flow passage 10, and the metal material flow passage 10 is located inside the non-metal material flow passage 9.

A locking bolt for preventing the metal material from leaking is installed at the connection of the inlet end of the metal material flow passage 10 and the first material pipe 4.

The outlet end of the metal material flow passage 10 extends out of the outlet end of the nonmetal material flow passage 9.

The nonmetal heating element is a heating block 8, and the heating block 8 is wrapped outside the nonmetal material flow passage 9. The number of the heating blocks 8 is two, and the two heating blocks 8 are respectively close to the inlet end and the outlet end of the non-metal material flow passage 9.

The metal heating element comprises a heating sleeve 6 and a material pipe heating wire 7;

the heating sleeve 6 is wrapped outside the first charging barrel 3 and used for heating the metal material in the first charging barrel 3;

the material pipe heating wire 7 is wound outside the first material pipe 4 and used for heating the metal material in the first material pipe 4.

The control component is used for controlling the printing platform 2 and the spray head component to move and controlling the metal heating component and the nonmetal heating component to work.

The control part comprises a metal feeding driving part and a non-metal feeding driving part.

The metal feeding driving part comprises a first stepping motor 11 and a double-shaft ball screw sliding table 12, wherein the first stepping motor 11 is used for driving a piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move so as to apply pressure to a metal material in the first material cylinder 3.

The non-metal feeding driving part is a second stepping motor 13, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor 13 is connected with an inner hole of the feeding roller and used for driving the feeding roller to rotate so that non-metal materials are extruded to the nozzle part through the second material pipe 5.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in another aspect, the present invention further discloses a printing method applied to a 3D printer of any one of the above metal and non-metal composite materials, the method including:

s1, controlling the heating component to work, and heating the first material barrel 3 for storing the metal material, the first material pipe 4 and the nozzle component;

s2, controlling the first stepping motor 11 to work so as to drive the piston end of the double-shaft ball screw to move, and extruding the metal material from the metal material flow channel 10;

s3, controlling the second stepping motor 13 to work so as to control the non-metal material to be extruded from the non-metal material flow channel 9;

s4, controlling the printing platform 2 to move along a direction toward or away from the head component, and controlling the head component to move on a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the printing platform 2, so that the non-metal material wraps the metal material to print a three-dimensional entity on the printing platform 2;

and S5, controlling the first stepping motor 11 to work and the second stepping motor 13 to stop working, so as to stop the extrusion of the metal material and the non-metal material, wherein the extrusion stop of the non-metal material is behind that of the metal material.

The method further comprises the following steps: before the 3D printer is used, G codes are written and loaded into the control component, the G codes are used for controlling a printing path of the nozzle component, the printing path is continuous, and the middle part of the printing path is not disconnected.

Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.