阅读说明：本技术 一种杆体外壁攀爬越障机器人及其攀爬方法 (Obstacle-crossing robot for climbing outer wall of rod body and climbing method thereof ) 是由 许明 于棠 王冠 于 2021-09-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种杆体外壁攀爬越障机器人及其攀爬方法。该机器人包括环形支架和攀爬机构。多个攀爬机构安装在环形支架内侧的不同位置。所述的攀爬机构包括上下布置的两个攀爬越障单元。所述攀爬越障单元包括连杆、牵引弹簧、攀爬电机、麦克纳姆攀爬轮、越障外板、越障支撑板、短杆、长杆和越障弹簧。本发明利用麦克纳姆轮能够快速进行攀爬,并通过提供具有四杆结构的攀爬越障单元,使得麦克纳姆轮在上升和下降时均能够顺利翻越杆体上的各类障碍物,从而提高攀爬机器人攀爬速度和工作效率。此外,本发明能够实现在杆体外壁上原地左右旋转的功能,相比现有越障机器人更为灵活。(The invention discloses a climbing obstacle-crossing robot for the outer wall of a rod body and a climbing method thereof. The robot comprises an annular support and a climbing mechanism. A plurality of climbing mechanisms are mounted at different locations inside the ring support. The climbing mechanism comprises two climbing obstacle crossing units which are arranged up and down. The climbing obstacle crossing unit comprises a connecting rod, a traction spring, a climbing motor, Mecanum climbing wheels, an obstacle crossing outer plate, an obstacle crossing support plate, a short rod, a long rod and an obstacle crossing spring. The climbing robot can rapidly climb by using the Mecanum wheels, and the climbing obstacle crossing unit with the four-bar structure is provided, so that the Mecanum wheels can smoothly cross various obstacles on the rod body when ascending and descending, and the climbing speed and the working efficiency of the climbing robot are improved. In addition, the robot can realize the function of rotating left and right on the outer wall of the rod body in situ, and is more flexible compared with the existing obstacle crossing robot.)

1. A climbing obstacle-crossing robot for the outer wall of a rod body comprises an annular bracket (1) and a climbing mechanism (2); the method is characterized in that: the plurality of climbing mechanisms (2) are arranged at different positions on the inner side of the annular bracket (1); the climbing mechanism (2) comprises two climbing obstacle-crossing units (2-1) which are arranged up and down; the climbing and obstacle crossing unit (2-1) comprises a connecting rod (2-2), a traction spring (2-3), a climbing motor (2-1-1), a Mecanum climbing wheel (2-1-2), an obstacle crossing outer plate (2-1-3), an obstacle crossing support plate (2-1-4), a short rod (2-1-5), a long rod (2-1-6) and an obstacle crossing spring (2-1-7); the Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) are supported on the obstacle crossing outer plates (2-1-3) and driven to rotate by climbing motors (2-1-1); one end of the short rod (2-1-5) and one end of the long rod (2-1-6) are hinged with two different positions of the obstacle crossing outer plate (2-1-3); the other ends of the short rod (2-1-5) and the long rod (2-1-6) are hinged with two different positions of the obstacle crossing support plate (2-1-4); the middle part of the short rod (2-1-5) is connected with the middle part of the long rod (2-1-6) through an obstacle crossing spring (2-1-7); the middle part of the connecting rod (2-2) is rotationally connected with the annular bracket (1); the outer end of the connecting rod (2-2) is fixed with the obstacle crossing supporting plate (2-1-4); the inner end of the connecting rod (2-2) is connected with the annular bracket (1) through a traction spring (2-3); the connecting lines of the hinge points of the short rods (2-1-5) and the long rods (2-1-6) and the obstacle crossing outer plates (2-1-3) are crossed with the connecting lines of the hinge points of the short rods (2-1-5) and the long rods (2-1-6) and the obstacle crossing support plates (2-1-4); the two Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) in the same climbing mechanism (2) have opposite rotating directions.

2. The climbing and obstacle crossing robot with the outer wall of the rod body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a stopping self-locking device (3); the stay self-locking device (3) is arranged in the middle of the annular support (1) and comprises two clamping units which are symmetrically arranged and used for clamping a climbed rod body from two sides.

3. The climbing and obstacle crossing robot with the outer wall of the rod body as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the two clamping units are respectively arranged on two sides in the annular bracket (1); the clamping unit comprises an arc-shaped chuck (3-1), a screw rod (3-2), a guide rod (3-3), a clamping bracket and a screw rod motor (3-7); the clamping bracket is fixed on the corresponding connecting bracket of the annular bracket (1); the screw motor (3-7) is fixed on the clamping bracket; the screw motor (3-7) is connected with the screw (3-2); the outer side of the arc-shaped chuck (3-1) is fixed with one end of the guide rod (3-3); the guide rod (3-3) is connected with the clamping bracket in a sliding way; one end of the screw rod (3-2) and the outer side of the arc-shaped chuck (3-1) form a revolute pair; the arc-shaped chuck (3-1) moves transversely by driving the screw rod (3-2) to do spiral motion; the inner sides of the arc chucks (3-1) in the two clamping units are oppositely arranged and face to the central axis of the annular bracket (1).

4. The climbing and obstacle crossing robot with the outer wall of the rod body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the annular bracket (1) comprises two mounting rings and two connecting brackets; the two mounting rings are coaxially arranged at intervals and are fixed through the two connecting brackets; the two connecting brackets are arranged on two sides of the axis of the mounting ring in a centering manner; the mounting ring comprises two semicircular rings (1-1) and a hinge (1-2); one ends of the two semicircular rings (1-1) are rotatably connected through hinges (1-2); the other ends of the two semicircular rings (1-1) can be detachably fixed.

5. The climbing and obstacle crossing robot with the outer wall of the rod body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the climbing mechanism (2) comprises a climbing obstacle crossing unit (2-1) and an intermediate rod (2-4); the middle rod (2-4) is U-shaped and comprises an integrally formed vertical rod and cross rods positioned at two ends of the vertical rod; both ends of the middle rod (2-4) are provided with climbing obstacle crossing units (2-1); the vertical rod is fixed with the annular bracket (1).

6. The climbing method of the rod body outer wall climbing obstacle-crossing robot as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the annular support (2) is sleeved on the climbing rod body after being opened and is closed again, so that each Mecanum climbing wheel (2-1-2) is propped against the rod body under the action of a traction spring (2-3);

step two: climbing, descending or rotating the obstacle crossing robot on the rod body; when the Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) synchronously rotate in the same direction, the obstacle-surmounting robot is driven to climb or descend on the outer wall of the rod body; when two Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) on the same climbing mechanism (2) synchronously rotate in opposite directions, the obstacle-surmounting robot is driven to rotate around the rod body when climbing on the outer wall of the rod body;

when the robot encounters an obstacle in climbing motion, the Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) contacting the obstacle are subjected to the resistance of the obstacle; the resistance drives the obstacle crossing outer plate (2-1-3) to move towards one side far away from the obstacle relative to the obstacle crossing support plate (2-1-4); the obstacle crossing outer plate (2-1-3) further drives the short rods (2-1-5) and the long rods (2-1-6) to rotate, and the rotating short rods (2-1-5) and the rotating long rods (2-1-6) drive the obstacle crossing outer plate (2-1-3) and the Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) to be far away from the rod body, so that the effect of crossing obstacles is achieved; meanwhile, the rotating short rod (2-1-5) and the rotating long rod (2-1-6) can elongate the obstacle crossing spring (2-1-7); after the Mecanum climbing wheels (2-1-2) cross the obstacles, the obstacle crossing springs (2-1-7) pull the short rods (2-1-5) and the long rods (2-1-6) to reset.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of climbing obstacle-surmounting robots for outer walls of rods, and particularly relates to design research of a climbing obstacle-surmounting robot for outer walls of circular rods.

Background

With the rapid development of mobile communication, 5G network infrastructure needs to be detected; the popularization of the 5G network requires more base bands, signal towers and power transmission equipment; this puts higher demands on the construction and maintenance of signal towers, communication towers and electric power iron towers. The construction and the maintenance of signal tower are a very dangerous and hard work, and present climbing robot mostly is mechanical tongs gripping body of rod marching type pole-climbing, and stationary formula pole-climbing and formula of creeping climb the pole, and these pole-climbing modes are slow, and the flexibility is low, and is difficult to accomplish to cross the obstacle easily. The wheel type structure has the advantages of being high in speed, high in flexibility, capable of easily crossing obstacles and the like, so that the robot capable of climbing and crossing obstacles by utilizing the wheel type structure is designed, the life safety of workers can be better protected, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor efficiency is improved, the limitation of human bodies is made up, and the construction and maintenance work can be completed in a longer time and at more angles.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an efficient and convenient obstacle-surmounting robot capable of climbing on the outer wall of a rod body.

The invention relates to an obstacle-surmounting robot for climbing on the outer wall of a rod body. A plurality of climbing mechanisms are mounted at different locations inside the ring support. The climbing mechanism comprises two climbing obstacle crossing units which are arranged up and down. The climbing obstacle crossing unit comprises a connecting rod, a traction spring, a climbing motor, Mecanum climbing wheels, an obstacle crossing outer plate, an obstacle crossing support plate, a short rod, a long rod and an obstacle crossing spring. The Mecanum climbing wheels are supported on the obstacle crossing outer plates and driven to rotate by the climbing motors. One end of the short rod and one end of the long rod are hinged with two different positions of the obstacle crossing outer plate. The other ends of the short rod and the long rod are hinged with two different positions of the obstacle crossing support plate. The middle part of the short rod is connected with the middle part of the long rod through the obstacle crossing spring. The middle part of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the annular bracket. The outer end of the connecting rod is fixed with the obstacle crossing supporting plate. The inner end of the connecting rod is connected with the annular bracket through a traction spring. The short rod, the long rod and the hinge point connecting line of the obstacle crossing outer plate are arranged in a crossed manner along with the short rod, the long rod and the hinge point connecting line of the obstacle crossing support plate. The rotation directions of two Mecanum climbing wheels in the same climbing mechanism are opposite.

Preferably, the obstacle crossing robot capable of climbing on the outer wall of the rod body further comprises a stopping self-locking device. The stay self-locking device is arranged in the middle of the annular support and comprises two clamping units which are symmetrically arranged and used for clamping a climbed rod body from two sides.

Preferably, the two clamping units are respectively arranged at two sides in the annular bracket. The clamping unit comprises an arc-shaped chuck, a screw rod, a guide rod, a clamping bracket and a screw rod motor. The clamping support is fixed on the corresponding connecting support of the annular support. The lead screw motor is fixed on the clamping bracket. The screw motor is connected with the screw. The outer side of the arc-shaped chuck is fixed with one end of the guide rod. The guide rod is connected with the clamping bracket in a sliding way. One end of the screw rod and the outer side of the arc-shaped chuck form a revolute pair. The transverse movement of the arc-shaped chuck is realized by driving the screw rod to do spiral motion. The inner sides of the arc-shaped chucks in the two clamping units are oppositely arranged and face the central axis of the annular bracket.

Preferably, the annular bracket comprises two mounting rings and two connecting brackets. The two mounting rings are coaxially arranged at intervals and are fixed through the two connecting supports. The two connecting supports are arranged on two sides of the axis of the mounting ring in a centering mode. The mounting ring comprises two semicircular rings and a hinge. One end of each of the two semicircular rings is rotatably connected through a hinge. The other ends of the two semicircular rings can be detachably fixed.

Preferably, the climbing mechanism comprises a climbing obstacle crossing unit and an intermediate rod. The middle rod is U-shaped and comprises an integrally formed vertical rod and cross rods positioned at two ends of the vertical rod. Climbing obstacle-surmounting units are installed at two ends of the middle rod. The vertical rod is fixed with the annular bracket.

The climbing method of the obstacle crossing robot for climbing on the outer wall of the rod body is as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: the annular support is sleeved on the climbing rod body after being opened and is closed again, so that each Mecanum climbing wheel is propped against the rod body under the action of the traction spring.

Step two: the climbing obstacle-crossing robot on the outer wall of the rod body climbs, descends or rotates on the rod body. When each Mecanum climbing wheel synchronously rotates in the same direction, the obstacle-surmounting robot is driven to climb or descend on the outer wall of the rod body. When two Mecanum climbing wheels on the same climbing mechanism rotate synchronously and reversely, the obstacle-surmounting robot is driven to rotate around the rod body.

When the robot encounters an obstacle in climbing motion, the Mecanum climbing wheels contacting the obstacle are subjected to the resistance of the obstacle; the resistance drives the obstacle crossing outer plate to move towards one side far away from the obstacle relative to the obstacle crossing support plate. The outer plate that hinders more further drives quarter butt and stock and rotates, and the body of rod is kept away from with the outer plate mecanum climbing wheel that hinders more to pivoted quarter butt and stock drive, reaches the effect of crossing the barrier. Meanwhile, the rotating short rod and the rotating long rod can elongate the obstacle crossing spring; after the Mecanum climbing wheels cross the obstacles, the obstacle crossing springs pull the short rods and the long rods to reset.

The invention has the following specific beneficial effects:

1. the climbing robot can rapidly climb by using the Mecanum wheels, and the climbing obstacle crossing unit with the four-bar structure is provided, so that the Mecanum wheels can smoothly cross various obstacles on the rod body when ascending and descending, and the climbing speed and the working efficiency of the climbing robot are improved.

2. The obstacle-surmounting robot can realize the function of rotating left and right on the outer wall of the rod body in situ, and is more flexible compared with the existing obstacle-surmounting robot.

3. The invention can make the robot more conveniently and effectively adapt to rod bodies of various sizes by changing the length of the traction spring and changing the radius of the ring fixing and supporting mechanism.

4. The invention can clamp the rod body in the air through the stay self-locking device, so that the robot stays more stably during other work.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the toroidal support of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a climbing mechanism in the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a climbing obstacle crossing unit in the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the process of climbing the obstacle crossing unit to pass over the obstacle.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the process of climbing the obstacle crossing unit to cross the obstacle downwards.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the stay self-locking device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in figure 1, the climbing obstacle-crossing robot comprises an annular support 1, a climbing mechanism 2 and a stopping self-locking device 3. The annular bracket 1 is used for fixing the climbing mechanism 2; the number of the climbing mechanisms 2 is four; the four climbing mechanisms 2 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the axis of the annular bracket 1 and are direct climbing parts; stop self-lock device 3 installs in ring carrier 1 middle part, including two centre gripping units that the symmetry set up for from the both sides tight body of rod of clamp, guarantee the stability of body of rod outer wall climbing obstacle crossing robot when stopping.

As shown in fig. 2, the ring bracket 1 includes two mounting rings and two connecting brackets. The two mounting rings are coaxially arranged at intervals and are fixed through the two connecting supports. The two connecting supports are arranged on two sides of the axis of the mounting ring in a centering mode. The mounting ring comprises two semicircular rings 1-1 and a hinge 1-2. One ends of the two semicircular rings 1-1 are rotatably connected through hinges 1-2, so that an opening for sleeving the rod body is formed in the process of mounting and dismounting the annular support 1, and the whole device is more flexible and convenient to mount and dismount. The other ends of the two semicircular rings 1-1 are fixedly connected through bolts and nuts.

As shown in fig. 3, climbing mechanism 2 includes a climbing obstacle crossing unit 2-1 and an intermediate pole 2-4. The intermediate rods 2-4 are U-shaped and comprise integrally formed vertical rods and cross rods positioned at two ends of the vertical rods. The two ends of the middle rod 2-4 are provided with climbing obstacle crossing units 2-1. The climbing and obstacle crossing unit 2-1 comprises a connecting rod 2-2, a traction spring 2-3, a climbing motor 2-1-1, a Mecanum climbing wheel 2-1-2, an obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3, an obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4, a short rod 2-1-5, a long rod 2-1-6 and an obstacle crossing spring 2-1-7. The Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 are supported on the outer obstacle crossing plates 2-1-3 and driven to rotate by climbing motors 2-1-1 fixed on the outer obstacle crossing plates 2-1-3. One end of the short rod 2-1-5 and one end of the long rod 2-1-6 are hinged with two different positions of the obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3. The other ends of the short rod 2-1-5 and the long rod 2-1-6 are hinged with two different positions of the obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4. The middle part of the short rod 2-1-5 is connected with the middle part of the long rod 2-1-6 through an obstacle crossing spring 2-1-7. The middle part of the connecting rod 2-2 is hinged with the outer end of the cross rod corresponding to the middle rod 2-4. The outer end of the connecting rod 2-2 is fixed with the obstacle crossing supporting plate 2-1-4. The inner end of the connecting rod 2-2 is connected with a vertical rod on the middle rod 2-4 through a traction spring 2-3. The connecting lines of the hinge points of the short rod 2-1-5, the long rod 2-1-6 and the obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 are crossed with the connecting lines of the hinge points of the short rod 2-1-5, the long rod 2-1-6 and the obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4. The long rod 2-1-6 is positioned at one side of the short rod 2-1-5 far away from the middle rod 2-4.

The two Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 in the same climbing mechanism 2 have opposite rotating directions (namely, the two Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 are a left rotating wheel and a right rotating wheel respectively). The mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 in the climbing and obstacle crossing unit 2-1 face the central axis of the ring support 1. The hinged point of the connecting rod 2-2 and the middle rod 2-4 is used as a fulcrum to enable the two ends of the connecting rod 2-2 to form a lever principle, so that the traction spring 2-3 can effectively pull the obstacle crossing supporting plate 2-1-4 through the lever principle of the connecting rod 2-2, and further the Mecanum climbing wheel 2-1-2 is tightly attached to the rod body.

As shown in fig. 5, when the robot encounters an obstacle in the climbing motion, the mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 contacting the obstacle receive resistance from the obstacle; the resistance drives the obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 to move towards the side far away from the obstacle relative to the obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4. The obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 further drives the short rod 2-1-5 and the long rod 2-1-6 to rotate in opposite directions (the arrow direction in the figure 4 is the advancing direction of the obstacle crossing climbing unit 2-1, when an obstacle is met, the short rod 2-1-5 rotates clockwise relative to the visual angle in the figure 4, and the long rod 2-1-6 rotates anticlockwise relative to the visual angle in the figure 4), and the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the long rod 2-1-6 drive the Mecanum climbing wheel 2-1-2 to be far away from the rod body, so that the effect of crossing the obstacle is achieved. Meanwhile, the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the rotating long rod 2-1-6 can elongate the obstacle crossing spring 2-1-7; after the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 cross the obstacles, the obstacle crossing springs 2-1-7 pull the short rods 2-1-5 and the long rods 2-1-6 to reset.

As shown in fig. 6, when the robot encounters an obstacle in the descending motion, the mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 contacting the obstacle receive resistance from the obstacle; the resistance drives the obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 to move towards the side far away from the obstacle relative to the obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4. The obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 further drives the short rod 2-1-5 and the long rod 2-1-6 to rotate in opposite directions (the direction opposite to the arrow in the figure 4 is the advancing direction of the obstacle crossing climbing unit 2-1, when an obstacle is met, the short rod 2-1-5 rotates anticlockwise relative to the visual angle of the figure 4, and the long rod 2-1-6 rotates clockwise relative to the visual angle of the figure 4), and the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the rotating long rod 2-1-6 drive the Mecanum climbing wheel 2-1-2 to be far away from the rod body, so that the effect of crossing the obstacle is achieved. Meanwhile, the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the rotating long rod 2-1-6 can elongate the obstacle crossing spring 2-1-7; after the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 cross the obstacles, the obstacle crossing springs 2-1-7 pull the short rods 2-1-5 and the long rods 2-1-6 to reset.

The robot has eight Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2; the top and the bottom of the device are respectively provided with four Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2; when the climbing motor 2-1-1 drives the top and the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 at the bottom to rotate in the same direction, the robot on the outer wall of the rod body is driven by the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 to move upwards or downwards in a straight line; when the four Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 positioned at the top and the four Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 positioned at the bottom rotate in opposite directions, the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 carry the climbing obstacle-crossing robot on the outer wall of the rod body to rotate around the rod body in the forward direction or the reverse direction; and further, the climbing obstacle-crossing robot has great movement flexibility.

As shown in fig. 7, two clamping units in the stay self-locking device 3 are respectively installed on two connecting brackets 1-1 of the ring bracket 1. The clamping unit comprises an arc-shaped chuck 3-1, a screw rod 3-2, a guide rod 3-3, a clamping bracket and a screw rod motor 3-7. The clamping bracket is fixed on the corresponding connecting bracket of the annular bracket 1. The screw motor 3-7 is fixed on the clamping bracket. The screw motor 3-7 is connected with the screw 3-2 and drives the screw 3-2 to perform spiral motion. The outer side of the arc-shaped chuck 3-1 is fixed with one end of the guide rod 3-3. The guide rod 3-3 is connected with the clamping bracket in a sliding way. One end of the screw rod 3-2 and the outer side of the arc-shaped chuck 3-1 form a revolute pair. The transverse movement of the arc-shaped chuck 3-1 is realized by driving the screw rod 3-2 to do spiral motion. The inner sides of the arc-shaped chucks 3-1 in the two clamping units are oppositely arranged and face the central axis of the ring-shaped bracket 1.

The clamping support comprises a front supporting plate 3-4, a rear supporting plate 3-6, a screw rod fixing seat 3-8 and a linear bearing 3-5. The front supporting plate 3-4 and the rear supporting plate 3-6 are respectively fixed at the inner side and the outer side of the connecting bracket. The connecting bracket and the front supporting plate 3-4 are provided with screw rod fixing seats 3-8; the screw fixing seat 3-8 is used for supporting the screw 3-2. The rear supporting plate 3-6, the front supporting plate 3-4 and the supporting fixing plate 3-5 are provided with linear bearings 3-5, the linear bearings 3-5 are used for connecting the guide rods 3-3, so that the guide rods 3-3 can move linearly and bear the weight of the robot during self-locking, and the arc-shaped chuck 3-1 is controlled to clamp and release the rod body by driving the screw rod 3-2 through the rotation of the screw rod motor 3-7.

The climbing method of the obstacle crossing robot for climbing on the outer wall of the rod body is as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: the bolt and the nut on the annular bracket 2 are opened and then sleeved on the rod body, so that each Mecanum climbing wheel 2-1-2 is propped against the rod body under the action of a traction spring 2-3; and then, the bolt and the nut are installed after the annular bracket 2 is closed, so that the connection between the climbing obstacle-surmounting robot on the outer wall of the rod body and the rod body is completed.

Step two: the climbing obstacle-crossing robot on the outer wall of the rod body climbs, descends or rotates on the rod body.

The climbing and obstacle crossing process of the climbing and obstacle crossing robot on the outer wall of the rod body is as follows:

(1) the eight climbing motors 2-1-1 are started to rotate in the same direction at the same time to drive the eight Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 connected with each other to synchronously rotate in the same direction, and the obstacle-crossing robot climbing on the outer wall of the rod body starts to climb.

(2) When the robot encounters an obstacle in climbing motion, the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 contacting the obstacle are subjected to the resistance of the obstacle; the resistance drives the obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 to move towards the side far away from the obstacle relative to the obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4. The obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 further drives the short rod 2-1-5 and the long rod 2-1-6 to rotate in opposite directions (the arrow direction in the figure 4 is the advancing direction of the obstacle crossing climbing unit 2-1, when an obstacle is met, the short rod 2-1-5 rotates clockwise relative to the visual angle in the figure 4, and the long rod 2-1-6 rotates anticlockwise relative to the visual angle in the figure 4), and the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the long rod 2-1-6 drive the Mecanum climbing wheel 2-1-2 to be far away from the rod body, so that the effect of crossing the obstacle is achieved. Meanwhile, the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the rotating long rod 2-1-6 can elongate the obstacle crossing spring 2-1-7; after the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 cross the obstacles, the obstacle crossing springs 2-1-7 pull the short rods 2-1-5 and the long rods 2-1-6 to reset.

(3) When the robot reaches the expected height, the eight climbing motors 2-1-1 stop rotating, and the climbing movement stops.

The robot steering process is as follows:

assuming that the rotating direction of a climbing motor 2-1-1 is a positive direction when the robot ascends, four Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 positioned at the top are arranged to select right-handed wheels, and four Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 positioned at the bottom are arranged to select left-handed wheels, otherwise, the rotating directions of the following motors are opposite.

(1) When the four climbing motors 2-1-1 positioned at the top rotate in the forward direction and the four climbing motors 2-1-1 positioned at the bottom rotate in the reverse direction, the robot rotates rightwards around the rod body.

(2) When the four climbing motors 2-1-1 at the top rotate in the reverse direction and the four climbing motors 2-1-1 at the bottom rotate in the forward direction, the robot rotates leftwards around the rod body.

The climbing obstacle-surmounting robot for the outer wall of the rod body descends on the rod body and surmounts the obstacle as follows:

(1) the eight climbing motors 2-1-1 are started to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction at the same time to drive the eight Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 connected with each other to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction, and the obstacle-crossing robot climbing on the outer wall of the rod body begins to descend.

(2) When the robot meets an obstacle in the descending motion, the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 contacting the obstacle are subjected to the resistance of the obstacle; the resistance drives the obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 to move towards the side far away from the obstacle relative to the obstacle crossing support plate 2-1-4. The obstacle crossing outer plate 2-1-3 further drives the short rods 2-1-5 and the long rods 2-1-6 to rotate in opposite directions, and the rotating short rods 2-1-5 and the rotating long rods 2-1-6 drive the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 to be far away from the rod body, so that the effect of crossing obstacles is achieved. Meanwhile, the rotating short rod 2-1-5 and the rotating long rod 2-1-6 can elongate the obstacle crossing spring 2-1-7; after the Mecanum climbing wheels 2-1-2 cross the obstacles, the obstacle crossing springs 2-1-7 pull the short rods 2-1-5 and the long rods 2-1-6 to reset.

(3) When the robot reaches the expected height, the eight climbing motors 2-1-1 stop rotating, and the descending motion stops.