阅读说明：本技术 反拉网片防止片帮提高回采安全性能的方法 (Method for improving recovery safety performance by preventing rib caving through reverse drawing of net piece ) 是由 秦金明 王家国 王国均 李密林 瞿兆丰 常志锋 向彬 陈茂 向杰锋 于 2021-09-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种反拉网片防止片帮提高回采安全性能的方法,通过在回采矿房上分层后,采用顶锚组件对房顶板进行支护,采用帮锚组件对矿房两侧的侧帮进行支护,回采矿房下分层后,采用湿式充填和胶结结顶充填结合对矿房进行充填,回采矿柱上分层后,胶填体和部分湿填体被揭露,采用顶锚组件对柱顶板进行支护,通过反拉预埋锚使帮网片紧贴在湿填体表面,对帮网片进行喷浆支护,再回采矿柱下分层,有效防止局部受爆破扰动变形形成片帮,避免回采时浮石散落,有利于矿柱下分层安全回采,操作简单方便。(A method for preventing rib caving and improving stoping safety performance by reversely pulling a net sheet includes the steps of supporting a roof plate by a top anchor assembly after layering on a stoping mine room, supporting side ribs on two sides of the mine room by the side anchor assembly, filling the mine room by combining wet filling and cemented top filling after layering under the stoping mine room, exposing a cemented body and a part of wet filler after layering on a stoping mine column, supporting the roof plate by the top anchor assembly, enabling the rib net sheet to be tightly attached to the surface of the wet filler by reversely pulling a pre-embedded anchor, carrying out slurry spraying supporting on the rib net sheet, and then layering under the stoping mine column.)

1. A method for preventing rib caving and improving the recovery safety performance by reversely pulling a net sheet is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, stoping upper strata of a stope (11);

step 2, performing layered support on the chamber, supporting a roof plate (13) by adopting a top anchor assembly (2), and supporting side walls (14) on two sides of the chamber (1) by adopting a side anchor assembly (3);

3, stoping the lower layer of the chamber (12), forming the chamber (1) after stoping, and arranging ore pillars (6) on the side surface of the chamber (1);

step 4, filling the chamber, namely filling the chamber (1) by combining wet filling with cemented top filling, forming a wet filling body (4) and a cemented filling body (5) in the chamber (1) respectively, and positioning the embedded anchor (33) of the side anchor assembly (3) in the wet filling body (4);

step 5, stoping the upper layer (61) of the ore pillar, and revealing a stoped rubber filling body (5) and a part of a wet filling body (4);

step 6, layered supporting is carried out on the ore pillar, and a pillar top plate (63) is supported by adopting a top anchor assembly (2);

step 7, reversely pulling the support, exposing one side of the upper net sheet (31) and one end of the embedded anchor (33) after the wet filling body (4) is exposed, and reversely pulling the embedded anchor (33) to enable the upper net sheet (31) to be tightly attached to the surface of the wet filling body (4) so as to carry out guniting support on the upper net sheet (31);

and 8, mining the lower layer of the ore pillar (62).

2. The method for preventing caving from improving the recovery safety of the back-pull net sheet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top anchor assembly (2) comprises a plurality of inclined anchors (22) connected with a top net piece (21), the inclined anchors (22) are anchored with the roof plate (13) in an inclined mode, and the top net piece (21) is in contact with the roof plate (13).

3. The method for preventing caving from improving the recovery safety of the back-pull net sheet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the side anchor assembly (3) comprises a side anchor (32) and an embedded anchor (33) which are respectively connected with the two sides of the side net piece (31), and the side anchor (32) and the embedded anchor (33) are mutually opposite.

4. The method for preventing caving from improving the recovery safety of the back-pull net sheet according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the side anchors (32) and the embedded anchors (33) are perpendicular to the side walls (14), and trays of the side anchors (32) and the embedded anchors (33) are respectively positioned at two sides of the wall meshes (31) and tightly attached to the wall meshes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ore body mining support, and relates to a method for improving the extraction safety performance by preventing rib caving through back-pulling a net sheet.

Background

Part of phosphorite mining gradually begins to develop towards mining below an erosion datum plane, the terrain is complex, the ore burial depth is more than 100 meters, the ore body thickness is high (can reach 8-13 meters), the ore body is a medium-thickness ore body, and a filling mining method is adopted for mines according to occurrence conditions, terrain conditions and construction scale. The filling mining can effectively prevent roof caving, control dead zone ground pressure and surface geological disasters, simultaneously realize zero discharge of solid wastes, and has considerable safety and environmental protection benefits; and the recovery rate is high, and the resource utilization rate can be improved, so that the filling mining method is pushed to the utmost extent in China at present, and relevant incentive policies are provided, so that the filling mining is a trend of later application and development of the mine industry.

The filling mining method is popularized and applied due to the advantages of safety, green, environmental protection, high resource recovery rate and the like. The phosphorite mining is also changed from a room-pillar normal filling mining method, and the filling mining method becomes a main mining method for phosphorite mining along with the transfer from a shallow part to a deep part of mine mining. The main way of improving recovery in cut-and-fill mining is to recover the pillar on or under the protection of the pack formed. However, in the process of mining the pillar, the following problems exist:

the surface of the filling body can be damaged due to the influence of blasting disturbance and the like, and even part of the filling body can be scattered and deformed, so that the overall strength of the filling body is reduced;

when the downward layered filling mining method is adopted to stope medium-thick ore bodies, the filling bodies on the two sides of the upper part are disturbed by blasting in the process of stoping the lower layered ore bodies, pumice can be scattered on the surfaces of the filling bodies, and even rib caving is formed, so that the safe stoping of the lower layered ore bodies is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preventing rib caving and improving the stoping safety performance by reversely pulling a mesh, which comprises the steps of supporting a roof plate by adopting a top anchor assembly after a stoping chamber is layered, supporting side walls on two sides of the chamber by adopting a side anchor assembly, filling the chamber by combining wet filling and cemented top filling after the stoping chamber is layered below, exposing a cemented body and a part of a wet filler after stoping a mine column is layered above, supporting the column roof plate by adopting the top anchor assembly, enabling the side mesh to be tightly attached to the surface of the wet filler by reversely pulling a pre-buried anchor, spraying slurry to the side mesh for supporting, and then stoping the mine column below for layering, effectively preventing the local deformation caused by blasting from disturbing to form the rib caving during stoping, avoiding the falling of pumice during stoping, being beneficial to the safe stoping of the lower layering of the mine column, and being simple and convenient to operate.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for preventing caving from improving the extraction safety performance by reversely pulling a net sheet comprises the following steps:

step 1, layering a stope room;

step 2, performing layered support on the chamber, supporting a roof plate by adopting a top anchor assembly, and supporting side walls on two sides of the chamber by adopting a side anchor assembly;

step 3, the stope room is layered, a stope room is formed after stope, and a pillar is arranged on the side surface of the stope room;

step 4, filling the chamber, namely filling the chamber by combining wet filling with cemented roof filling, forming a wet filling body and a cemented roof filling body in the chamber respectively, and positioning the embedded anchor of the anchor assembly in the wet filling body;

step 5, layering the stope pillar, and revealing a reclaimed rubber filling body and a part of wet filling body;

step 6, layered supporting is carried out on the ore pillar, and a top anchor assembly is adopted to support a pillar top plate;

step 7, reversely pulling the support, exposing one side of the wall mesh and one end of the embedded anchor after the wet filler is exposed, reversely pulling the embedded anchor to enable the wall mesh to be tightly attached to the surface of the wet filler, and spraying slurry to support the wall mesh;

and 8, mining the lower part of the ore pillar for layering.

The top anchor assembly comprises a plurality of oblique anchors connected with a top net piece, the oblique anchors are anchored with the roof plate in an oblique manner, and the top net piece is in contact with the roof plate.

The side anchor assembly comprises a side anchor and an embedded anchor which are respectively connected with the two sides of the side net piece, and the side anchor and the embedded anchor are mutually reverse.

The side anchors and the embedded anchors are perpendicular to the side walls, and trays of the side anchors and the embedded anchors are respectively located on two sides of the wall mesh and tightly attached to the side wall mesh.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

after the stope room is layered, the roof plate is supported by the roof anchor assembly, the side walls on two sides of the stope room are supported by the side anchor assemblies, a safe stope space is provided for layering under the stope room, and wall caving is avoided.

After the stope room is layered, the stope room is filled by combining wet filling and cemented roof filling, so that the wet filling body and the cemented roof are combined to form effective support for the roof plate, the structural strength of the roof plate is influenced when the subsequent stope of the adjacent ore pillars is avoided, and the side support is formed for the ore pillars.

After the stope is layered on the stope, a top anchor assembly is adopted to support a top plate of the stope, the embedded anchors are pulled reversely to enable the wall meshes to cling to the surface of the wet filler, and the wall meshes are subjected to guniting support to provide a safe stope space for the layering under the stope.

When the chamber is layered and supported, the side net sheets of the side anchor assembly support the side walls on two sides of the chamber, and after the chamber is filled, the embedded anchors and the wet filling body form a whole; when the ore pillar is layered and supported, the wall meshes are activated by reversely pulling the embedded anchors to be recycled, the wall meshes are tightly attached to the surface side of the wet filler, and after the slurry is sprayed and dried, the surface of the wall meshes is effectively prevented from being disturbed and deformed when being subjected to stoping blasting, and the pumice falling of the surface layer of the wet filler is avoided.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the pillar of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the chamber of the present invention after the withdrawal of layered ore.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of layered support on a mine room of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the layered ore under the chamber of the present invention after it has been mined.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the filled chamber of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the layered ore on the pillar of the present invention after recovery.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the layered support on the pillar of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the layered slurry-spraying and slope-fixing on the ore pillar of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at a of fig. 5.

In the figure: the mining room comprises a mining room 1, a mining room upper layer 11, a mining room lower layer 12, a roof plate 13, a side wall 14, a top anchor assembly 2, a top net 21, an inclined anchor 22, a side anchor assembly 3, a side net 31, a side anchor 32, an embedded anchor 33, a wet filling body 4, a rubber filling body 5, a mining pillar 6, a mining pillar upper layer 61, a mining pillar lower layer 62 and a pillar roof plate 63.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a method for preventing rib caving and improving the recovery safety performance by reversely pulling a net sheet comprises the following steps:

step 1, stoping upper strata of a stope 11; after this step is completed, the stoping space formed becomes part of the chamber 1.

Step 2, performing layered support on the chamber, supporting a roof plate 13 by using a top anchor assembly 2, and supporting side walls 14 on two sides of the chamber 1 by using a side anchor assembly 3; the purpose of this step is to improve the structural strength and stability of the roof panel 13, provide a safe stoping space for the sub-layer 12 of the mine, and avoid caving.

3, stoping the lower part of the chamber for layering 12 to form a chamber 1 after stoping, wherein the side surface of the chamber 1 is provided with an ore pillar 6; in this step, the pillar 6 is formed simultaneously during the extraction of the sub-chamber strata 12.

Step 4, filling the chamber, namely filling the chamber 1 by combining wet filling with cemented top filling, forming a wet filling body 4 and a cemented filling body 5 in the chamber 1 respectively, and positioning the embedded anchor 33 of the side anchor assembly 3 in the wet filling body 4; the purpose of this step is to provide effective support for the roof panel 13 and lateral support for the pillars 6 using the wet pack 4 in combination with the mastic pack 5.

Preferably, the wet filling body 4 extends from the bottom of the chamber 1 to the upper part of the chamber 1, and is positioned in a reserved space between the upper end face of the wet filling body 4 and the roof plate 13, and the reserved space is filled with the rubber filling body 5.

Preferably, before the wet filling of the chamber 1, the tray at one end of the side anchor 32 is located at one side of the upper net sheet 31 and contacts with the upper wall of the chamber 1, and the other end of the side anchor 32 penetrates through the upper net sheet 31 and enters the wet filling area in the chamber 1.

Step 5, mining the upper layer 61 of the ore pillar, and disclosing the rubber packing body 5 and part of the wet packing body 4 after mining; after the step is completed, trays at one ends of the upper net piece 31 and the side anchors 32 are positioned in the layered goaf on the ore pillar.

Step 6, layered supporting is carried out on the ore pillar, and a pillar top plate 63 is supported by adopting a top anchor assembly 2; the purpose of this step is to improve the structural strength and stability of the column top plate 63.

Step 7, reversely pulling the support, wherein after the wet filling body 4 is exposed, one side of the upper net piece 31 and one end of the embedded anchor 33 are exposed, reversely pulling the embedded anchor 33 to enable the upper net piece 31 to be tightly attached to the surface of the wet filling body 4, and spraying slurry to support the upper net piece 31; the purpose of this step is to reuse the wall mesh 31 that was originally used to support the stope chamber 1 for the purpose of supporting the stope column 6, and to avoid the floating stones on the surface of the wet fill 4 from scattering.

And 8, mining the lower layer 62 of the ore pillar.

In a preferred embodiment, the top anchor assembly 2 comprises a plurality of oblique anchors 22 connected to a top mesh 21, the oblique anchors 22 are anchored to the roof plate 13 in an oblique manner, and the top mesh 21 is in contact with the roof plate 13. When in use, the plurality of oblique anchors 22 are symmetrically distributed from the center of the top mesh 21 to both sides.

In a preferred scheme, the upper anchor assembly 3 comprises a side anchor 32 and an embedded anchor 33 which are respectively connected with two sides of an upper net sheet 31, and the side anchor 32 and the embedded anchor 33 are mutually opposite. When in use, the side anchors 32 and the embedded anchors 33 are laterally vertical to the upper wall.

In a preferred scheme, the side anchors 32 and the embedded anchors 33 are perpendicular to the side walls 14, and trays of the side anchors 32 and the embedded anchors 33 are respectively positioned at two sides of the wall meshes 31 and are tightly attached to the wall meshes. When the wet filling body 4 is used, in the process of pulling the embedded anchor 33 reversely, the tray is abutted against the upper net piece 31 to form a pretightening force, so that the upper net piece 31 is tightly attached to the surface side of the wet filling body 4.

Example (b):

the width of the chamber is 4-6 m, the width of the ore pillar is 5-8 m, and the length and width specification of the top net sheet 21 is the same as that of the top of the chamber;

the top net piece 21 is welded by phi 4mm disc steel, the net piece mesh degree is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the specification is 1.2m multiplied by 2.7m, the top net piece 21 is tightly attached to the roof plate 13, and the overlapping of adjacent top net pieces 21 is not less than 10cm, but not more than 20 cm;

the oblique anchor 22 adopts a pipe seam anchor rod with L =1.8m or 2.0m and phi =40 mm; or a medicated roll anchor rod with L =2m and phi =20mm is adopted;

the included angle between the oblique anchor 22 and the roof plate 13 is not less than 70 degrees;

the tray at the tail part of the oblique anchor 22 is pre-tightened by force to ensure that the top net piece 21 is tightly attached to the roof plate 13;

the diagonal anchors 22 have a mesh size of 1m × 1.3 m.

The upper net 31 is made of steel netting, the mesh degree of the net is 50mm multiplied by 100mm, the specification is 1.5m multiplied by 20m, the net is tightly attached to the side upper 14, and the maximum gap between the local part and the side upper 14 is not more than 10 cm;

the side anchor 32 adopts a pipe seam anchor rod with L =1.2m or 1.5m and phi =40 mm;

side anchors 32 are perpendicular to side wall 14;

the tray at the tail part of the side anchor 32 is stressed and pre-tightened to enable the upper net piece 31 to be tightly attached to the rock surface;

the 32-mesh degree of the side anchor is 1m multiplied by 2m or 1.5m multiplied by 3 m;

the wall guniting thickness is 3-5 cm, the exposed wall mesh sheet 31 is covered, and the strength is not lower than C20.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.