阅读说明：本技术 离散傅里叶变换大小分解 (Discrete Fourier transform size decomposition ) 是由 黄轶 P·加尔 X·F·王 陈万士 于 2020-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：概括而言,本公开内容的各个方面涉及无线通信。在一些方面中,用户设备(UE)可以至少部分地基于用于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)块的分解规则来确定用于传输的音调的与UE的多个天线端口相对应的多个分解组。UE可以将音调映射到多个分解组以进行传输处理,并且至少部分地基于传输处理来使用多个天线端口发送传输。提供了大量其它方面。(In general, various aspects of the disclosure relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a User Equipment (UE) may determine a plurality of disjoint groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block. The UE may map the tones to multiple subpackets for transmission processing and send a transmission using multiple antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing. Numerous other aspects are provided.)

1. A method of wireless communication performed by a User Equipment (UE), comprising:

determine a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block,

wherein respective sizes of the plurality of split groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of split groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion;

mapping the tones to the plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and

transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on a transmission process.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antenna ports correspond to a plurality of non-coherent antennas.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

N＝A^α*B^β*C^γwhere N is a particular size that satisfies the size constraint, A, B and C are size factors, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

N＝2^α*3^β*5^γwherein N is a special satisfying the size constraintAre sized and alpha, beta, gamma are non-negative integers.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the plurality of decomposed groups comprises:

determining whether a particular size that satisfies the size constraint is a multiple of a preconfigured group size factor; and

determining the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups based at least in part on whether the particular size that satisfies the size constraint is the multiple of the preconfigured group size factor.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the size balancing criterion is related to a number of decomposition groups of the plurality of decomposition groups.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein a difference between the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups satisfies the size balancing criterion.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the plurality of decomposed groups comprises:

determining a plurality of possible decomposition group results for the plurality of decomposition groups; and

selecting a particular possible decomposition group result for a particular possible decomposition group result of the plurality of decomposition groups based at least in part on the standard deviation of the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposition groups for the particular possible decomposition group result.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

normalizing the particular possible decomposition set of results; and is

Wherein selecting the particular possible decomposition group result comprises:

after normalizing the particular possible decomposition group result, selecting the particular possible decomposition group result based at least in part on the standard deviation of the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposition groups for the particular possible decomposition group result.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining the plurality of decomposed groups based at least in part on at least one of a set of DFT size ratios or a set of antenna power amplifier ratios.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of DFT size ratios is a set of normalized DFT size ratios.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of antenna power amplifier ratios is a normalized set of antenna power amplifier ratios.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the size balancing criterion is a balanced size balancing criterion or an unbalanced size balancing criterion.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antenna ports are associated with a common power amplifier value or a plurality of different power amplifier values.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the size balancing criterion is based at least in part on the common power amplifier value or the plurality of different power amplifier values.

16. A User Equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to:

determine a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block,

wherein respective sizes of the plurality of split groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of split groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion;

mapping the tones to the plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and

transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on a transmission process.

17. The UE of claim 16, wherein the plurality of antenna ports correspond to a plurality of non-coherent antennas.

18. The UE of claim 16, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

n ═ a α × B β × C γ, where N is a specific size that satisfies the size constraint, A, B and C are size factors, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

19. The UE of claim 16, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

n2 α 3 β 5 γ, where N is a specific size that satisfies the size constraint, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

20. The UE of claim 16, wherein when determining the plurality of subpackets, the one or more processors are to:

determining whether a particular size that satisfies the size constraint is a multiple of a preconfigured group size factor; and

determining the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups based at least in part on whether the particular size that satisfies the size constraint is the multiple of the preconfigured group size factor.

21. The UE of claim 16, wherein the size balancing criterion relates to a number of decomposed groups of the plurality of decomposed groups.

22. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for wireless communication, the one or more instructions comprising:

one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a User Equipment (UE), cause the one or more processors to:

determine a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block,

wherein respective sizes of the plurality of split groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of split groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion;

mapping the tones to the plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and

transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on a transmission process.

23. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the plurality of antenna ports correspond to a plurality of non-coherent antennas.

24. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

n ═ a α × B β × C γ, where N is a specific size that satisfies the size constraint, A, B and C are size factors, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

25. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

n2 α 3 β 5 γ, where N is a specific size that satisfies the size constraint, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

26. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the one or more instructions that cause the one or more processors to determine the plurality of subgroups cause the one or more processors to:

determining whether a particular size that satisfies the size constraint is a multiple of a preconfigured group size factor; and

determining the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups based at least in part on whether the particular size that satisfies the size constraint is the multiple of the preconfigured group size factor.

27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the size balancing criterion relates to a number of decomposition groups of the plurality of decomposition groups.

28. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for determining a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block,

wherein respective sizes of the plurality of split groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of split groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion;

means for mapping the tones to the plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and

means for transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on a transmission process.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the plurality of antenna ports correspond to a plurality of non-coherent antennas.

30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation:

n ═ a α × B β × C γ, where N is a specific size that satisfies the size constraint, A, B and C are size factors, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

Technical Field

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and techniques and apparatus for discrete fourier transform size decomposition.

Background

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. A typical wireless communication system may employ multiple-access techniques capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple-access techniques include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE/LTE-advanced is an enhanced set of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standards promulgated by the third generation partnership project (3 GPP).

A wireless communication network may include a plurality of Base Stations (BSs) capable of supporting communication for a plurality of User Equipments (UEs). A User Equipment (UE) may communicate with a Base Station (BS) via a downlink and an uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in greater detail herein, the BS may be referred to as a node B, gNB, an Access Point (AP), a radio head, a Transmit Receive Point (TRP), a New Radio (NR) BS, a 5G node B, etc.

The above multiple access techniques have been employed in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate at a urban, national, regional, and even global level. New Radios (NR), which may also be referred to as 5G, are an enhanced set of LTE mobile standards promulgated by the third generation partnership project (3 GPP). NR is designed to better integrate with other open standards by improving spectral efficiency, reducing costs, improving services, utilizing new spectrum, and using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the Downlink (DL), CP-OFDM and/or SC-FDM (also known as discrete fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), for example) on the Uplink (UL), and supporting beamforming, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation, thereby better supporting mobile broadband internet access. However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, there is a need for further improvements in LTE and NR technologies. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multiple access techniques and telecommunications standards employing these techniques.

Disclosure of Invention

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a User Equipment (UE) may comprise: determining a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block, wherein respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of decomposed groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion; mapping the tones to a plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory and the one or more processors may be configured to: determining a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for the DFT block, wherein respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of decomposed groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion; mapping the tones to a plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one or more instructions for wireless communication. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the UE, may cause the one or more processors to: determining a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for the DFT block, wherein respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of decomposed groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion; mapping the tones to a plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and transmitting the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may comprise: means for determining a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of an apparatus based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a DFT block, wherein respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of decomposed groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion; means for mapping the tones to a plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; and means for sending the transmission using the plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing.

Aspects generally include methods, apparatuses, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication devices, and processing systems substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings and description.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the present disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The nature of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and method of operation), together with the advantages associated therewith, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the claims.

Drawings

So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosure, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a wireless communication network in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a base station communicating with a UE in a wireless communication network, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3A is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a frame structure in a wireless communication network, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3B is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example synchronous communication hierarchy in a wireless communication network, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example slot format with a normal cyclic prefix, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed Radio Access Network (RAN) in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed RAN in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of discrete fourier transform size decomposition in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a user device, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based at least in part on the teachings herein, one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to encompass any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Moreover, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method implemented with structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and techniques. These devices and techniques are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

It should be noted that although aspects may be described herein using terms commonly associated with 3G and/or 4G wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other generation-based communication systems, such as 5G and beyond (including NR technologies).

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless network 100 in which aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented. Wireless network 100 may be an LTE network or some other wireless network, such as a 5G or NR network). Wireless network 100 may include a plurality of BSs 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network entities. A BS is an entity that communicates with User Equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as a base station, NR BS, node B, gNB, 5G node b (nb), access point, Transmission Reception Point (TRP), etc. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to a coverage area of a BS and/or a BS subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

A BS may provide communication coverage for a macrocell, a picocell, a femtocell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and may allow restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The BS for the macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. The BS for the pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. The BS for the femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the example shown in fig. 1, BS 110a may be a macro BS for macro cell 102a, BS 110b may be a pico BS for pico cell 102b, and BS 110c may be a femto BS for femto cell 102 c. A BS may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base station", "NR BS", "gNB", "TRP", "AP", "node B", "5G NB" and "cell" may be used interchangeably herein.

In some aspects, the cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of the mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to each other and/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 by various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, virtual networks, etc.) using any suitable transport network.

Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive a data transmission from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send the data transmission to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that is capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown in fig. 1, relay station 110d may communicate with macro BS 110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120 d. The relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, a relay base station, a relay, etc.

The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs (e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, etc.). These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different effects on interference in wireless network 100. For example, the macro BS may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while the pico BS, femto BS, and relay BS may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

Network controller 130 may be coupled to a set of BSs and may provide coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 may communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicate with each other, directly or indirectly, e.g., via a wireless or wired backhaul.

UEs 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) may be dispersed throughout wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be called an access terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, etc. The UE may be a cellular telephone (e.g., a smartphone), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless telephone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a tablet device, a camera, a gaming device, netbooks, smartbooks, ultrabooks, medical devices or appliances, biometric sensors/devices, wearable devices (smartwatches, smartclothing, smart glasses, smart wristbands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart rings, smart bracelets, etc.)), entertainment devices (e.g., music or video devices, or satellite radio units, etc.), vehicle components or sensors, smart meters/sensors, industrial manufacturing devices, global positioning system devices, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

Some UEs may be considered Machine Type Communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, a location tag, etc., which may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. The wireless node may provide a connection to or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the internet or a cellular network), for example, via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered internet of things (IoT) devices and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs may be considered Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component, a memory component, and the like.

In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequencies may also be referred to as carriers, channels, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other). For example, the UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, etc.), mesh networks, and/or the like. In this case, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110.

As noted above, fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 1.

Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a design 200 of base station 110 and UE 120 (which may be one of the base stations and one of the UEs in fig. 1). The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a through 234T and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a through 252R, where T ≧ 1 and R ≧ 1 in general.

At base station 110, transmit processor 220 may receive data for one or more UEs from a data source 212, select one or more Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCSs) for each UE based at least in part on a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-Static Resource Partitioning Information (SRPI), etc.) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper layer signaling, etc.), as well as provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., Primary Synchronization Signals (PSS) and Secondary Synchronization Signals (SSS)). A Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T Modulators (MODs) 232a through 232T. Each modulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. T downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232T may be transmitted via T antennas 234a through 234T, respectively. According to various aspects described in greater detail below, a synchronization signal may be generated using position coding to convey additional information.

At UE 120, antennas 252a through 252r may receive downlink signals from base station 110 and/or other base stations and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a through 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254a through 254R, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller/processor 280. The channel processor may determine Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and the like. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in a housing.

On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information from a controller/processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.). Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to base station 110. At base station 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs may be received by antennas 234, processed by demodulators 232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide decoded data to a data sink 239 and decoded control information to controller/processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. Network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller/processor 290, and a memory 292.

Controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280 of UE 120, and/or any other component in fig. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with discrete fourier transform size decomposition, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280 of UE 120, and/or any other component of fig. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 800 of fig. 8 and/or other processes as described herein. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. A scheduler 246 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.

In some aspects, UE 120 may include: means for determining a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of a UE based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block; means for mapping the tones to a plurality of subpackets for transmission processing; means for transmitting a transmission using a plurality of antenna ports based at least in part on a transmission process; and so on. In some aspects, such means may include one or more components of UE 120 described in conjunction with fig. 2.

As noted above, fig. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 2.

Fig. 3A illustrates an example frame structure 300 for Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) in a telecommunication system (e.g., NR). The transmission timeline for each of the downlink and uplink may be divided into units of radio frames (sometimes referred to as frames). Each radio frame may have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)) and may be divided into a set of Z (Z ≧ 1) subframes (e.g., with indices of 0 through Z-1). Each subframe may have a predetermined duration (e.g., 1ms) and may include a set of slots (e.g., each subframe 2 is shown in fig. 3A)^mA time slot, where m is a number scheme (numerology) for transmission, such as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. Each slot may include a set of L symbol periods. For example, each slot may include fourteen symbol periods (e.g., as shown in fig. 3A), seven symbol periods, or another number of symbol periods. In the case where a subframe includes two slots (e.g., when m ═ 1), the subframe may include 2L symbol periods, where the 2L symbol periods in each subframe may be assigned indices of 0 to 2L-1. In some aspects, the scheduling units for FDD may be frame-based, subframe-based, slot-based, symbol-based, and the like.

Although some techniques are described herein in connection with frames, subframes, slots, etc., the techniques may be equally applicable to other types of wireless communication structures, which may be referred to in the 5G NR using terms other than "frame," "subframe," "slot," etc. In some aspects, a wireless communication structure may refer to a communication unit defined by a wireless communication standard and/or protocol for periodic time. Additionally or alternatively, configurations other than those of the wireless communication structure shown in fig. 3A may be used.

In some telecommunication systems (e.g., NRs), base stations may transmit synchronization signals. For example, a base station may transmit a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), etc., on the downlink for each cell supported by the base station. The PSS and SSS may be used by the UE for cell search and acquisition. For example, PSS may be used by a UE to determine symbol timing and SSS may be used by a UE to determine a physical cell identifier and frame timing associated with a base station. The base station may also transmit a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). The PBCH may carry certain system information, e.g., system information supporting initial access by the UE.

In some aspects, a base station may transmit a PSS, a SSs, and/or a PBCH according to a synchronization communication hierarchy (e.g., Synchronization Signal (SS) hierarchy) that includes multiple synchronization communications (e.g., SS blocks), as described below in connection with fig. 3B.

Fig. 3B is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example SS hierarchy, which is an example of a synchronous communication hierarchy. As shown in fig. 3B, the SS tier may include a set of SS bursts, which may include a plurality of SS bursts (identified as SS burst 0 through SS burst B-1, where B is the maximum number of repetitions of an SS burst that may be sent by a base station). As further shown, each SS burst may include one or more SS blocks (identified as SS block 0 through SS block (b)_{max_SS-1}) Wherein b is_{max_SS-1}Is the maximum number of SS blocks that can be carried by an SS burst). In some aspects, different SS blocks may be beamformed in different ways. The set of SS bursts may be sent by the wireless node periodically, such as every X milliseconds, as shown in fig. 3B. In some aspects, the set of SS bursts may have a fixed or dynamic length, shown as Y milliseconds in fig. 3B.

The set of SS bursts shown in fig. 3B is an example of a set of synchronous communications, and other sets of synchronous communications may be used in conjunction with the techniques described herein. Further, the SS blocks shown in fig. 3B are examples of synchronous communications, and other synchronous communications may be used in conjunction with the techniques described herein.

In some aspects, SS blocks include resources that carry a PSS, SSs, PBCH, and/or other synchronization signals (e.g., a Third Synchronization Signal (TSS)) and/or synchronization channels. In some aspects, multiple SS blocks are included in an SS burst, and the PSS, SSs, and/or PBCH may be the same between each SS block of the SS burst. In some aspects, a single SS block may be included in an SS burst. In some aspects, an SS block may be at least four symbol periods in length, where each symbol carries one or more of PSS (e.g., occupies one symbol), SSs (e.g., occupies one symbol), and/or PBCH (e.g., occupies two symbols).

In some aspects, as shown in fig. 3B, the symbols of the SS blocks are consecutive. In some aspects, the symbols of the SS block are discontinuous. Similarly, in some aspects, one or more SS blocks of an SS burst may be transmitted in consecutive radio resources (e.g., consecutive symbol periods) during one or more time slots. Additionally or alternatively, one or more SS blocks of an SS burst may be transmitted in non-contiguous radio resources.

In some aspects, an SS burst may have a burst period, whereby SS blocks of the SS burst may be transmitted by a base station according to the burst period. In other words, the SS block may repeat during each SS burst. In some aspects, the set of SS bursts may have a burst set period, whereby SS bursts of the set of SS bursts may be transmitted by the base station according to a fixed burst set period. In other words, an SS burst may be repeated during each set of SS bursts.

The BS may transmit system information (e.g., System Information Blocks (SIBs)) on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) in certain time slots. The base station may send control information/data on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in C symbol periods of the slot, where B may be configurable for each slot. The base station may transmit traffic data and/or other data on the PDSCH in the remaining symbol periods of each slot.

As noted above, fig. 3A and 3B are provided as examples. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 3A and 3B.

Fig. 4 shows an example slot format 410 with a normal cyclic prefix. The available time-frequency resources may be divided into resource blocks. Each resource block may cover a set of subcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in one slot and may include multiple resource elements. Each resource element may cover one subcarrier in one symbol period (e.g., in units of time) and may be used to transmit one modulation symbol, which may be real or complex.

An interlace may be used for each of the downlink and uplink for FDD in certain telecommunication systems (e.g., NR). For example, Q interlaces may be defined with indices of 0 through Q-1, where Q may be equal to 4, 6, 8, 10, or some other value. Each interlace may include slots spaced apart by Q frames. Specifically, interlace Q may include time slots Q, Q + Q, Q +2Q, etc., where Q ∈ { 0., Q-1 }.

The UE may be located within the coverage of multiple BSs. One of the BSs may be selected to serve the UE. The serving BS may be selected based at least in part on various criteria such as received signal strength, received signal quality, path loss, and the like. The received signal quality may be quantified by a signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio (SNIR), or a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), or some other metric. The UE may operate in a dominant interference scenario, where the UE may observe high interference from one or more interfering BSs.

Although aspects of the examples described herein may be associated with NR or 5G technologies, aspects of the disclosure may be applied to other wireless communication systems. A New Radio (NR) may refer to a radio configured to operate according to a new air interface (e.g., in addition to an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) -based air interface) or a fixed transport layer (e.g., in addition to an Internet Protocol (IP)). In aspects, NR may utilize OFDM with CP (referred to herein as cyclic prefix OFDM or CP-OFDM) and/or SC-FDM on the uplink, CP-OFDM may be utilized on the downlink, and support for half-duplex operation using Time Division Duplex (TDD) is included. In aspects, the NR may utilize OFDM with CP on the uplink (referred to herein as CP-OFDM) and/or discrete fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM), for example, may utilize CP-OFDM on the downlink and include support for half-duplex operation using TDD. NR may include enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services targeting wide bandwidths (e.g., 80 megahertz (MHz) and above), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequencies (e.g., 60 gigahertz (GHz)), massive MTC (MTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC technologies, and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) services.

In some aspects, a single component carrier bandwidth of 100MHz may be supported. The NR resource blocks may span 12 subcarriers having a subcarrier bandwidth of 60 or 120 kilohertz (kHz) in 0.1 millisecond (ms) duration. Each radio frame may include 40 slots and may have a length of 10 ms. Thus, each slot may have a length of 0.25 ms. Each time slot may indicate a link direction (e.g., DL or UL) for data transmission, and the link direction for each time slot may be dynamically switched. Each slot may include DL/UL data as well as DL/UL control data.

Beamforming may be supported and beam directions may be dynamically configured. MIMO transmission with precoding may also be supported. MIMO configuration in DL may support multi-layer DL transmission of up to 8 transmit antennas, up to 8 streams, and up to 2 streams per UE. Multi-layer transmission with up to 2 streams per UE may be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells with up to 8 serving cells may be supported. Alternatively, the NR may support a different air interface than the OFDM-based interface. The NR network may comprise entities such as central units or distributed units.

As noted above, fig. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 4.

Fig. 5 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed RAN 500 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The 5G access node 506 may include an Access Node Controller (ANC) 502. ANC may be a Central Unit (CU) of the distributed RAN 500. The backhaul interface to the next generation core network (NG-CN)504 may terminate at the ANC. The backhaul interface to the neighboring next generation access node (NG-AN) may terminate at the ANC. An ANC may include one or more TRPs 508 (which may also be referred to as a BS, NR BS, nodeb, 5G NB, AP, gNB, or some other terminology). As described above, TRP may be used interchangeably with "cell".

The TRP 508 may be a Distributed Unit (DU). A TRP may be attached to one ANC (ANC 502) or more than one ANC (not shown). For example, for RAN sharing, serving radio (RaaS), AND service-specific AND deployments, a TRP may be connected to more than one ANC. The TRP may include one or more antenna ports. The TRP may be configured to provide services to the UE either individually (e.g., dynamic selection) or jointly (e.g., joint transmission).

The native architecture of the RAN 500 may be used to illustrate the fronthaul definition. The architecture may be defined to support a fronthaul solution across different deployment types. For example, the architecture may be based at least in part on the transmitting network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and/or jitter).

The architecture may share features and/or components with LTE. According to aspects, the next generation AN (NG-AN)510 may support dual connectivity with NRs. The NG-ANs may share a common fronthaul for LTE and NR.

The architecture may enable collaboration between and among TRPs 508. For example, cooperation may be pre-configured within and/or across the TRP via ANC 502. According to aspects, an interface between TRPs may not be required/present.

According to aspects, dynamic configuration of the split logic function may exist in the architecture of RAN 500. Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Radio Link Control (RLC), Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol may be adaptively placed at either ANC or TRP.

According to various aspects, a BS may include a Central Unit (CU) (e.g., ANC 502) and/or one or more distributed units (e.g., one or more TRPs 508).

As indicated above, fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 5.

Fig. 6 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed RAN 600 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. A centralized core network unit (C-CU)602 may host core network functions. The C-CU may be centrally deployed. The C-CU functions may be offloaded (e.g., to Advanced Wireless Services (AWS)) in an effort to handle peak capacity.

A centralized RAN unit (C-RU)604 may host one or more ANC functions. Alternatively, the C-RU may host the core network functions locally. The C-RU may have a distributed deployment. The C-RU may be closer to the network edge.

Distributed Unit (DU)606 may host one or more TRPs. The DUs may be located at the edge of the network with Radio Frequency (RF) functionality.

As noted above, fig. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 6.

In some communication systems, a UE may be configured to perform a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on a set of tones (e.g., Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) tones) for transmission. The set of tones may have a number that satisfies a total size constraint of the form:

N＝A^αB^βC^γ＝2^α3^β5^γ

where N is the number of tones; A. b and C are size factors corresponding to 2, 3 and 5, respectively; and α, β, and γ are non-negative integer values. A UE with multiple coherent antennas may perform DFT processing and precoding on all tones and may copy the tones to different transmit chains for different coherent antenna ports and associated antennas. Based at least in part on using coherent antenna ports and associated antennas, the UE ensures that the transmission will be at a configured phase offset, thereby ensuring that no interference will occur during uplink DFT waveform transmission at a threshold transmit power. However, interference may occur when the signal is not shifted by the configured phase shift. For a UE with non-coherent antenna ports and associated antennas, transmissions from different antennas may not necessarily be offset by a configured phase offset.

Thus, a UE with multiple non-coherent antenna ports and associated antennas may divide the tones into a set of decomposed groups prior to DFT processing, which may be separately processed using DFT processing, precoding, resource element mapping, Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, waveform generation, and transmission. However, a split group size determined based at least in part on a fixed split may result in an improperly balanced split group size, which may reduce transmission throughput.

Some aspects described herein enable DFT size decomposition to multiple decomposed groups. For example, the UE may determine a set of sizes for the multiple decomposed groups based at least in part on one or more decomposition rules to ensure a balanced decomposed group size or an intentionally unbalanced decomposed group size to account for transmit power differences between different antenna ports and associated antennas. In this case, the UE may map the multiple tones to multiple decomposition groups, thereby enabling separate transmission processing for each tone group in each decomposition group, and enabling transmission without excessive interference, reduced transmission throughput, and the like. Further, the UE ensures that maximum antenna power is available for each antenna based at least in part on balancing tones processed using each of the plurality of transmit chains.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example 700 of DFT size decomposition in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 7, UE 120 may receive information bits for a transmit process. For example, the UE 120 may receive a message for transmission and may perform an encoding process 705, a modulation process 710, a splitting process 715 (as described in more detail herein), a DFT process 720, a resource element mapping process 725, an IFFT process 730, and a waveform generation process 735 to enable transmission of information bits.

As further illustrated in fig. 7 and by reference numeral 750-1, to perform the splitting process 715, the UE 120 may determine a set of sizes of the set of disjoint groups into which the tones are to be split for transmission. For example, based at least in part on performing the modulation process 710, the UE 120 can have multiple tones to process for transmission and can split the multiple tones into a set of ungrouped groups for separate transmission processing. In this case, UE 120 may determine the size of the decomposed set of groups based at least in part on one or more decomposition rules.

In some aspects, UE 120 may determine the size of the decomposed set of groups based at least in part on one or more preconfigured group size factors according to a sequential process. For example, when UE 120 is to divide tones into 2 groups, UE 120 may determine whether the number of tones N is a multiple of a preconfigured value of 2, and if so, may divide the tones into tones of size N₁＝q＝N₂Wherein q is a positive integer. In this case, UE 120 may determine that the total size of the decomposed set of groups is equal to the size of the DFT block, which may be the number of tones to be decomposed for DFT processing:

N＝N₁+N₂

further, UE 120 may determine that the respective sizes of the decomposed set of packets satisfy the size constraint of the DFT block:

N＝2^α3^β5^γ

N₁＝2^α-13^β5^γ

N₂＝2^α-13^β5^γ。

in other words, N, N1 and N2 each have form A^αB^βC^γWherein α, β, γ are non-negative integers (and wherein α -1 is a non-negative integer, i.e. thus having the form α). In this case, in some aspects, the DFT block is divisible by 2, 3, and 5, and each decomposition of the DFT block is similarly divisible by 2, 3, and 5. Finally, UE 120 may determine that the size balancing criteria are satisfied:

N₁＝N₂。

in other words, UE 120 may determine that the number of tones to assign to each decomposed group may be assigned at a ratio of 1: 1.

Conversely, if UE 120 determines that the number of tones is not a multiple of 2, UE 120 may determine whether the number of tones is a multiple of another preconfigured value. For example, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 9 and if so, whether N is a multiple of 9Then N may be divided into sizes N₁Q 4 and N₂Q x 5, resulting in a 4:5 ratio. In this case, UE 120 may determine:

N＝2^α3^β5^γ

N₁＝2^α3^β-25^γ*4

N₂＝2^α3^β-25^γ*5。

conversely, if UE 120 determines that the number of tones is not a multiple of 9, UE 120 may determine whether the number of tones is a multiple of another preconfigured value. For example, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 5 and, if so, may divide N into sizes N₁Q 2 and N₂Q x 3, resulting in a 2:3 ratio. In this case, UE 120 may determine:

N＝2^α3^β5^γ

N₁＝2^α3^β5^γ-1 _*2

N₂＝2^α3^β-25^γ-1*3

conversely, if UE 120 determines that the number of tones is not a multiple of 5, UE 120 may determine whether the number of tones is a multiple of another preconfigured value. For example, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 3 and, if so, may divide N into sizes N₁Q 1 and N₂2 groups of q x 2, resulting in a 1:2 ratio. In this case, UE 120 may determine:

N＝2^α3^β5^γ

N₁＝2^α3^β5^γ-1 _*2

N₂＝2^α3^β-25^γ-1*3

in some aspects, UE 120 may attempt to divide tones into groups based at least in part on a particular order of different preconfigured values. For example, UE 120 may first attempt to divide tones based at least in part on a multiple of 2 to achieve a 1:1 tone ratio, may then attempt to divide tones based at least in part on a multiple of 9 to achieve a 4:5 tone ratio, may then attempt to divide tones based at least in part on a multiple of 5 to achieve a 2:3 tone ratio, and may then attempt to divide tones based at least in part on a multiple of 3 to achieve a 1:2 tone ratio. In this case, the order may be based at least in part on which ratio is closest to 1:1 (e.g., where 1:1>4:5>2:3>1:2 with respect to proximity to the desired 1:1 ratio (>).

Although some aspects are described herein in terms of determining a set, the UE 120 may use another technique, such as a lookup table that identifies the size of the tone group and the ratio with which the tone group is divided.

As another example, to divide the tones into 4 groups (e.g., for 4 transmit chains for 4 antenna ports), UE 120 may attempt to divide the tones such that N-N₁+N₂+N₃+N₄Wherein the size is N_xEach group of (1) has a form 2^α3^β5^γAnd make N₁:N₂:N₃:N₄Is close to (e.g., within a threshold integer ratio range) 1:1:1: 1. For example, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 4 such that the group has a ratio of 1:1:1:1 and takes the form:

N₁＝N₂＝N₃＝N₄＝2^α-23^β5^γ。

alternatively, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 9 such that the group has a 2:2:2:3 ratio and takes the form:

N₁＝N₂＝N₃＝2^α3^β-25^γ*2

N₄＝2^α3^β-25^γ*3。

alternatively, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 5 such that the group has a ratio of 1:1:1:2 and takes the form:

N₁＝N₂＝N₃＝2^α3^β5^γ-1*1

N₄＝2^α3^β5^γ-1*2。

alternatively, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 6 such that the group has a ratio of 1:1:2:2 and takes the form:

N₁＝N₂＝2^α-13^β-15^γ*1

N₃＝N₄＝2^α-13^β-15^γ*2。

in this case, the order of the multiples may be based at least in part on which ratio is closest to 1:1:1:1 (e.g., where 1:1:1:1 is closer than 2:2:2:3, 2:2:2:3 is closer than 1:1:1:2, 1:1:2 is closer than 1:1:2 with respect to proximity to the desired 1:1:1:1 ratio).

As another example, when an antenna port is associated with an unbalanced power amplifier value, UE 120 may use a different set and/or order of preconfigured values to determine the set of decomposed values. For example, for a first antenna having a power amplifier value of 23 decibel-milliwatts (dBm) and a second power amplifier having a value of 20dBm, UE 120 may attempt to determine a decomposition group size having a ratio of 1:2 instead of 1: 1. In this case, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 3 to attempt to divide the decomposition group into a 1:2 ratio. Alternatively, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 5 to attempt to divide the decomposition group into a 2:3 ratio. Alternatively, UE 120 may determine whether N is a multiple of 2 to attempt to divide the decomposition groups into 1:1 ratios (e.g., where 1:2 is closer than 2:3, 2:3 is closer than 1:1 with respect to closeness to the desired 1:2 ratio).

In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine that the tones cannot be divided based at least in part on the preconfigured values. For example, UE 120 may determine that a group of 3 tones cannot be divided into 4 groups. In this case, UE 120 may vary the number of groups into which tones are divided (e.g., UE 120 may use only 3 of the 4 available transmit chains, thereby enabling UE 120 to divide 3 tones into 3 groups).

In some aspects, UE 120 may generate multiple candidate decomposition group size sets, and may select a particular decomposition group size set based at least in part on a selection factor. For example, UE 120 may divide groups of N tones into a set of groups (N)_{1_m},N_{2_m},…N_{k_m}). In this case, UE 120 may select a particular group of the set of groups such that N is_{1_m}、N_{2_m}、…、N_{k_m}Minimize the standard deviation of (e.g., N)_{1_k}:N_{2_k}:…:N_{i_k}To maximize the proximity of 1:1:1: 1).

Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 may apply a normalization procedure to the group. For example, UE 120 may assign each mth group (N)_{1_m},N_{2_m},N_{3_m},…,N_{k_m}) Normalization is performed to form a normalized set (N)_{1′_m},N_{2′_m},N_{3′_m},…,N_{k′_m}) In which N is_{i′_m}＝N_{i_m}/N_{<min_m>}And N is_{<min_m>}＝minimum(N_{1_m},N_{2_m},N_{3_m},…,N_{k_m}). In this case, after normalization, UE 120 may determine to have a corresponding normalized group (N)_{1′_m},N_{2′_m},N_{3′_m},…,N_{k′_m}) And may select the group corresponding to the normalized group.

In some aspects, UE 120 may select the set of decomposition group sizes based at least in part on a ratio of antenna power amplifier values. For example, in forming normalized set (N)_{1’_m},N_{2’_m},N_{3’_m},…,N_{k’_m}) UE 120 may then determine to have a ratio to antenna port power amplifier (P)₁、P₂、…、P_k) Minimum difference d of_mIndex m (e.g., maximum closeness). In this case, UE 120 may normalize the antenna port power amplifier ratio to (P)_1’,P_2’,…,P_k’)＝(P₁,P₂,…,P_k)/P_<min>In which P is_<min>＝minimum(P₁,P₂,…,P_k). To determine the minimum difference d_mUE 120 may determine one of the following:

or

Although described herein with respect to a particular set of distance calculation equations, other distance calculation equations, lookup tables, and the like. In this manner, UE 120 may select a decomposition group size for a balanced antenna power amplifier value or an unbalanced antenna power amplifier value. For example, when a first antenna port is associated with a power amplifier value of 23dBm and a second antenna port is associated with a power amplifier value of 20dBm, UE 120 may attempt to determine a minimum difference between a ratio of the split group sizes and a power amplifier value ratio of 1:2 (which may correspond to a ratio of 23dBm to 20 dBm).

In some aspects, UE 120 may use another type of iterative process to determine the set of decomposition group sizes. For example, UE 120 may establish a set of evaluation criteria (e.g., N ═ N)₁+N₂+…N_kEach N_xHaving the form 2^α3^β5^γ，N₁:N₂:…:N_kIs the closest ratio of possible decomposition group sizes to 1:1: …:1 that have not been excluded by some other criterion, etc.), and the possible decomposition group sizes may be iteratively checked until the set of evaluation criteria is satisfied.

As further shown in fig. 7 and by reference numeral 750-2, to enable transmission processing using multiple transmit chains (e.g., process 720 and 735), the UE 120 may map tones to a set of decomposed packets according to the size of the set of decomposed packets. For example, UE 120 may split tones into subpackets associated with different transmit chains according to the determined ratio and/or size of each subpacket. In this manner, UE 120 implements transmit processing using multiple transmit chains to account for the antenna ports of UE 120 and the associated antenna irrelevancy.

As further illustrated in fig. 7 and by reference numeral 750-3, UE 120 may transmit tones after performing transmit processing on the tone groups of the decomposed packet set. For example, UE 120 may transmit a plurality of waveforms generated based at least in part on the groups of tones of the decomposed set of groups using a plurality of non-coherent antennas. In some aspects, UE 120 may control power amplifier values for one or more antenna ports and associated antennas. For example, when UE 120 determines a decomposition group size associated with a ratio of imbalances (e.g., 1:2, 2:2:2:3, etc., as described above), UE 120 may control the power amplifier values to account for different decomposition group sizes (and different numbers of tones to be transmitted by each antenna port and associated antenna).

As noted above, fig. 7 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different than that described with respect to fig. 7.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process 800, e.g., performed by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 800 is an example of a UE (e.g., UE 120, etc.) performing operations associated with discrete fourier transform size decomposition.

As shown in fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include: a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE are determined based at least in part on a decomposition rule for a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) block, wherein respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of decomposed groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of decomposed groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion (block 810). For example, the UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may determine a plurality of decomposed groups of tones for transmission corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports of the UE based at least in part on the decomposition rules for the DFT block, as described above in connection with fig. 7. In some aspects, the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups are selected such that a total size of the plurality of split groups is equal to a size of the DFT block, the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups and the size of the DFT block each satisfy a size constraint, and the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups each satisfy a size balancing criterion.

In the first aspect, the plurality of antenna ports correspond to a plurality of non-coherent antennas.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation: n is A^α*B^β*C^γWhere N is a specific size that satisfies a size constraint, A, B and C are size factors, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the size constraint is defined based at least in part on the following equation: n is 2^α*3^β*5^γWhere N is a specific size that satisfies a size constraint, and α, β, γ are non-negative integers.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, determining the plurality of split groups comprises: it is determined whether the particular size that satisfies the size constraint is a multiple of the preconfigured group size factor.

In a fifth aspect, the size balancing criterion is related to the number of resolved groups of the plurality of resolved groups, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the difference between the respective sizes of the plurality of split groups satisfies a size balance criterion.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, determining the plurality of resolved groups comprises: determining a plurality of possible decomposed group results for the plurality of decomposed groups; and selecting a particular possible decomposition group result for the plurality of decomposition groups based at least in part on a standard deviation of respective sizes of the plurality of decomposition groups for the particular possible decomposition group result. In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the process 800 may include: the results of a particular possible decomposition set are normalized. In some aspects, selecting a particular possible decomposition set of results comprises: after normalizing the particular possible decomposition group result, the particular possible decomposition group result is selected based at least in part on a standard deviation of respective sizes of the plurality of decomposition groups for the particular possible decomposition group result.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, the process 800 may comprise: determining a plurality of decomposed groups based at least in part on at least one of a set of DFT size ratios or a set of antenna power amplifier ratios.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the set of DFT size ratios is a set of normalized DFT size ratios.

In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the set of antenna power amplifier ratios is a set of normalized antenna power amplifier ratios.

In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the size balancing criterion is a balanced size balancing criterion or an unbalanced size balancing criterion.

In a thirteenth aspect, the plurality of antenna ports is associated with a common power amplifier value or a plurality of different power amplifier values, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects.

In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the size balancing criterion is based at least in part on a common power amplifier value or a plurality of different power amplifier values.

As further illustrated in fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include: the tones are mapped to multiple subpackets for transmission processing (block 820). For example, the UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may map the tones to multiple subpackets for transmission processing, as described above in connection with fig. 7.

As further illustrated in fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include: a transmission is sent using multiple antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing (block 830). For example, the UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may send transmissions using multiple antenna ports based at least in part on the transmission processing, as described above in connection with fig. 7.

Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of the aspects described above and/or described in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

Although fig. 8 shows example blocks of the process 800, in some aspects the process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged differently than those depicted in fig. 8. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of various aspects.

As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, firmware, and/or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, and/or a combination of hardware and software.

As used herein, meeting a threshold may refer to a value greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, and/or the like, depending on the context.

It will be apparent that the systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, and/or combinations of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methods is not limiting in every respect. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and/or methods were described herein without reference to the specific software code-it being understood that software and hardware may be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.

Even if specific combinations of features are recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the various aspects. Indeed, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and/or specifically disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of the various aspects includes a combination of each dependent claim with every other claim in the set of claims. A phrase referring to "at least one of a list of items" refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to encompass any combination of a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as multiples of the same element (e.g., any other ordering of a, b, and c), a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c, or a, b, and c).

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. In addition, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items, and may be used interchangeably with "one or more. Further, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, combinations of related items and unrelated items, etc.) and may be used interchangeably with "one or more. Where only one item is intended, the phrase "only one" or similar language is used. Further, as used herein, the terms "having", "containing", and the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based, at least in part, on" unless explicitly stated otherwise.