阅读说明：本技术 一种聚氯乙烯高发泡革及其制备工艺 (Polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather and preparation process thereof ) 是由 邓建强 田学峰 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种装饰材料,特别涉及一种聚氯乙烯高发泡革及其制备工艺。一种聚氯乙烯高发泡革,该材料是采用压延工艺将底层材料和衬布复合,最后表面处理后得到产品；底层材料以重量份计包括以下原料：聚氯乙烯树脂(PVC)100,环保增塑剂DOTP65-90,重质碳酸钙30-60,稳定剂3-3.8,整泡剂0.8-1.6,AC发泡剂9-11,PVC发泡调节剂0.95-1.0,颜色适量；底层材料还包括顺丁烯二酸(CP),顺丁烯二酸的用量为AC发泡剂0.10％-0.46％。以提高AC发泡剂的分解温度,经实验证明,加入适量的顺丁烯二酸可使AC发泡剂的分解温度提高4℃左右。(The invention relates to a decorative material, in particular to polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather and a preparation process thereof. A polyvinyl chloride high foaming leather is prepared by compounding a bottom layer material and lining cloth by adopting a calendering process, and finally performing surface treatment to obtain a product; the bottom layer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 30-60 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer DOTP65-90 parts, 30-60 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 3-3.8 parts of stabilizer, 0.8-1.6 parts of foam stabilizer, 9-11 parts of AC foaming agent, 0.95-1.0 part of PVC foaming regulator and proper color; the bottom layer material also comprises maleic acid (CP), and the dosage of the CP is 0.10-0.46% of the AC foaming agent. Experiments prove that the decomposition temperature of the AC foaming agent can be increased by about 4 ℃ by adding a proper amount of maleic acid.)

1. The polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather is characterized in that: the material is obtained by compounding a bottom layer material and lining cloth by adopting a calendering process and finally carrying out surface treatment;

the bottom layer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the bottom layer material also comprises maleic acid, and the dosage of the maleic acid is 0.10-0.46% of the AC foaming agent.

2. The polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PVC in the bottom layer material is 3 type PVC, the size of the heavy calcium carbonate is 800 meshes to 1000 meshes, and the color is the combination of various color cakes.

3. The polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom layer material comprises the environment-friendly plasticizer DOTP and the heavy calcium carbonate in parts by weight,

65-75 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer DOTP,

35-40 parts of ground calcium carbonate.

4. A preparation process of the polyvinyl chloride high foaming leather of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, batching: weighing PVC and heavy calcium in the bottom layer material according to the formula ratio, mixing the PVC and heavy calcium with a high-speed mixer, adding an environment-friendly plasticizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain mixed powder;

s2, banburying and open mixing: adding the rest raw materials from an internal mixer, hammering and shearing the mixed powder by using the internal mixer to obtain a blocky material, further mixing and plasticizing the blocky material by using a two-roll open mill, and controlling the open temperature of the two rolls within the range of 160 +/-5 ℃;

s3, filtering and calendering, and adhering a foaming layer: filtering the material obtained in the step S2 by using a filter to filter out coarse impurities, calendering the coarse impurities by using a four-roll calender, and compounding the bottom layer material and the lining cloth according to the set thickness;

s4, cooling and shaping;

s5, winding into an oven for plasticizing and foaming: the foaming agent in the bottom layer material is decomposed at a proper temperature range, so that a melt-bonded composite material is formed;

and S6, collecting the large roll and warehousing.

5. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S3, the filtering temperature is controlled at 130 + -5 deg.C, and the filtering net is 40-60 meshes.

6. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S3, the temperature of the four-roll calender is gradually decreased from top to bottom, and the temperature is set to 175 ℃ for the side roll, 170 ℃ for the upper roll, 165 ℃ for the middle roll, and 160 ℃ for the lower roll.

7. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S5, the foaming inlet temperature is 100-140 ℃, the plasticizing temperature is 150-160 ℃, the foaming temperature is 200-220 ℃, the cooling setting temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the linear speed is controlled at 12-18 m/min.

8. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the stabilizer is BF-469A, the foam stabilizer is BF-107B, and the PVC foaming regulator is PVC foaming regulator 530.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a decorative material, in particular to polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather and a preparation process thereof.

Background

Artificial leather is a plastic product that looks and feels like leather and can replace it. Usually, the fabric is used as a substrate and coated with synthetic resin and various plastic additives. Mainly comprises three types of PVC artificial leather, PU artificial leather and PU synthetic leather. Compared with leather, artificial leather is easy to age and wear, and has harm to human health due to containing a large amount of chemical raw materials, and the clothes made of the artificial leather gradually lose the market due to being not durable until being replaced by other raw materials. Improvements in the performance of such products are therefore desirable.

Currently, artificial leather is widely used for manufacturing products such as trademarks, bedding soles and the like, the existing trademarks and bedding sole leather adopt a production method of release paper, the third dimension of the trademark leather produced by the existing release paper method is not obvious, the difference of height and height is about 2.2 mm, the third dimension is not strong enough, and lines are not clear enough; and when the release paper method is used for production, the production speed cannot be improved. There is therefore a need for improvements to existing processes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather which is fine and dense in foam holes, higher in foaming ratio and obvious in three-dimensional effect and is applied to trademarks and bedding leather.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation process of the polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a polyvinyl chloride high foaming leather is prepared by compounding a bottom layer material and lining cloth by adopting a calendering process, and finally performing surface treatment to obtain a product; the bottom layer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the bottom layer material also comprises maleic acid (CP), and the dosage of the CP is 0.10-0.46% of the AC foaming agent. Experiments prove that the decomposition temperature of the AC foaming agent can be increased by about 4 ℃ by adding a proper amount of maleic acid.

The polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather provided by the invention is used as a base material of trademark leather, and the trademark leather is produced through subsequent processing and forming. Unlike the prior art, the product of the present invention is a monolayer foam, i.e., only the bottom layer has no facing. According to the characteristics of polyvinyl chloride, after heated, the polyvinyl chloride is soft and easy to deform under external force, cooled and restored to original hardness, and by adopting a scientific formula and a strict process combination, a polyvinyl chloride product with ultrahigh foaming ratio is manufactured and used for trademarks, impact-resistant protective pads, noise elimination materials and the like which require strong three-dimensional sense.

Polyvinyl chloride resin (ethylene process type 3): polyvinyl chloride is a main material of products, can be plasticized and melt-deformed at a certain temperature, can be well combined with other materials, has relatively stable chemical properties within a certain temperature range, and is easy to process and form.

And (3) environment-friendly plasticizer DOTP: dioctyl terephthalate is used for adjusting the hardness of PVC, so that the hand feeling of the product is consistent with that required by customers.

Heavy calcium carbonate: CaCO₃The required fineness is 800-1000 meshes, and the product mainly has the effects of improving the stability of the product, providing a framework and reducing the cost of the product.

A stabilizer: the decomposition temperature of the PVC is reduced to a proper temperature range. The preferred model is BF-469A.

Foam stabilizer: the foam holes are uniformly overlapped and do not break. The model BF-107B is preferred.

Azodicarbonamide (AC blowing agent): the usage amount is very critical, and the usage amount needs to be accurately calculated, because the usage amount is the azo material, the azo material is decomposed into ammonia gas, nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide in a specific temperature range, the product generates foam holes, the required product thickness is achieved, and the softness and the elasticity are better. The amount of the additive is controlled to realize superfine foam cells.

PVC foaming regulator: shorten the plasticizing time and lead the plasticizing to be uniform. Model 530 is preferred.

Color: the environment-friendly color cakes are selected according to the requirements of customer products, and the visual effect is improved.

The base material for the trademark leather is produced by rolling and foaming through the four-roller calender, the process requirements and the formula group of the bottom material are improved, the obtained product has finer foam holes, higher foaming ratio and lower production efficiency and cost than the product produced by the release paper method, and the trademark leather produced by adopting the method has stronger stereoscopic impression.

The maleic acid in the bottom layer material can improve the decomposition temperature of the AC foaming agent, and experiments prove that the decomposition temperature of the AC foaming agent can be improved by about 4 ℃ by adding a proper amount of maleic acid.

Preferably, the PVC in the bottom layer material is 3 type PVC, the size of the ground limestone is 800 meshes to 1000 meshes, and the color is the combination of various color cakes.

Preferably, the bottom layer material comprises 65-75 parts by weight of environment-friendly plasticizer DOTP and 35-40 parts by weight of ground calcium carbonate.

The preparation process of the polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather comprises the following steps:

s1, batching: weighing PVC and heavy calcium in the bottom layer material according to the formula ratio, mixing the PVC and heavy calcium with a high-speed mixer, adding an environment-friendly plasticizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain mixed powder; the aim is to ensure that the PVC fully absorbs the plasticizer to obtain a dry elastic mixed material;

s2, banburying and open mixing: adding the rest raw materials from an internal mixer, hammering and shearing the mixed powder by using the internal mixer to obtain a blocky material, further mixing and plasticizing the blocky material by using a two-roll open mill, and controlling the open temperature of the two rolls within the range of 160 +/-5 ℃;

s3, filtering and calendering, and adhering a foaming layer: filtering the material obtained in the step S2 by using a filter to filter out coarse impurities, calendering the coarse impurities by using a four-roll calender, and compounding the bottom layer material and the lining cloth according to the set thickness;

s4, cooling and shaping;

s5, winding into an oven for plasticizing and foaming: the foaming agent in the bottom layer material is decomposed at a proper temperature range, so that a melt-bonded composite material is formed;

and S6, collecting the large roll and warehousing.

Preferably, in step S3, the filtering temperature is controlled at 130 + -5 deg.C, and the filtering net is 40-60 meshes.

Preferably, in step S3, the temperature of the four-roll calender is gradually decreased from top to bottom, and the temperature is set to 175 ℃ at the side roll, 170 ℃ at the upper roll, 165 ℃ at the middle roll, and 160 ℃ at the lower roll. And controlling the speed ratio and the temperature condition according to the set product thickness.

Preferably, in step S5, the foaming inlet temperature is 100-.

The invention relates to application of polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather in preparation of trademark leather and bedding leather.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. for the trademark of messenger's production the third dimension is stronger, the lines are clear, scald the bottom of mark and need satisfy under the temperature effect: the trademark leather product with good rebound can be obtained only by the foaming effect of high magnification without deformation and collapse. The invention provides a substrate for preparing trademark leather, and the foaming multiplying power of similar products in the field during calendering is about 3 times, the stereoscopic impression is not strong enough, and the lines are not clear enough. The substrate produced by the existing release paper method has the advantages that the stereoscopic impression of the product obtained in the subsequent production of trademark leather is not obvious, and the difference between the height and the height is about 2.2 mm; the base material produced by the improved calendering method is used for producing the trademark leather, the trademark leather prepared by the same process has obvious stereoscopic impression, and the height point difference is about 2.5 mm;

2. in terms of production technology, when the release paper method is used for production, the production speed is 12 m/min (the foaming ratio is about 3 times); the calendering production of the invention has the production speed of 30 m/min (the foaming multiplying power is about 5.8-6 times);

3. according to the invention, the high-rate foaming and fine and dense cell overlapping of the PVC product are realized by scientific compatibility improvement of the bottom layer formula for foaming and tight control of the production process. In the invention, the foaming multiplying power of the PVC product is increased to about 5.8-6 times, so that the surface fall of the prepared trademark reaches about 2.5 mm, which is increased by 2.5 times compared with the similar products, thereby having obvious stereoscopic impression and clear trademark.

Therefore, the cost of the polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather for producing and preparing the trademark leather is reduced by about one yuan per meter compared with the similar products obtained by a release paper method.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples. It is to be understood that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, and that any variations and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention.

In the present invention, all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise specified, and the equipment and materials used are commercially available or commonly used in the art. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.

Stabilizers (BF-469A), Jiangsu banfu New Plastic Material Co., Ltd;

foam stabilizer (BF-107B), Jiangsu banfu New Plastic Material Co., Ltd;

PVC foaming regulator (530), Shandong Ruifeng Polymer materials GmbH.

Examples 1 to 3

A preparation process of polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather comprises the following specific steps:

s1, batching: weighing the bottom layer material according to the formula amount described in table 1 for later use,

mixing and coarse plasticizing PVC and PVC in the bottom material by using a high-speed stirrer (900 +/-50 revolutions per minute) at the temperature of 120 +/-5 ℃ to obtain mixed powder;

s2, banburying and open mixing: the rest raw materials in the formula in table 1 are added from an internal mixer (closed mixing), the internal mixer is used for hammering and shearing the mixed powder, shearing force and friction force are generated on the materials, further coarse plasticization is realized, and a block material is prepared, and the general mixing time of the internal mixer is 3-5 minutes;

further mixing and plasticizing the blocky materials by using a two-roller open mill, and controlling the open temperature of the two rollers within the range of 160 +/-5 ℃; the two-roll open mill is open-type milling, has low plasticizing speed, further performs mixing and plasticizing, and also generates shearing force.

S3, filtering and rolling: filtering the material obtained in the step S2 by using a filter to filter out coarse impurities, calendering the coarse impurities by using a four-roll calender, and compounding the bottom layer material and the lining cloth according to the set thickness; a filter: the filtering temperature is controlled at 130 +/-5 ℃, and the filtering screen is 40-60 meshes.

A four-roll calender: the temperature of the four-roll calender is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and is set to be 175 ℃ at the side roll, 170 ℃ at the upper roll, 165 ℃ at the middle roll and 160 ℃ at the lower roll in sequence.

S4, cooling and shaping;

s5, winding into an oven for plasticizing and foaming: the foaming agent in the bottom layer material is decomposed in a proper temperature range, so that a material compounded with the lining cloth is formed; in a 30 m oven, the temperature is changed in a parabola mode, PVC absorbs heat to soften in the interior, foaming is carried out when the temperature is highest, and the product with foaming air holes is obtained after cooling and shaping in the later foaming stage. Decomposing the AC foaming agent at high temperature to release ammonia gas and nitrogen gas to form foaming pores; PVC absorbs plasticizers well.

The foaming inlet temperature is 100-140 ℃, the plasticizing temperature is 150-160 ℃, the foaming temperature is 200-220 ℃, the cooling and shaping temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the linear speed is controlled at 12-18 m/min.

And S6, collecting the large roll and warehousing.

TABLE 1 formulation of the base material (unit: kg)

Components	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3
				Type 3 polyvinyl chloride (type 3 PVC)	100	100	100
Environmental protection plasticizer (DOTP)	70	75	80
				Ground calcium carbonate	40	45	50
Stabilizer (BF-469A)	3.8	3.5	3.6
				Foam regulator (BF-107B)	1.6	1.4	1.5
AC foaming agent	10	10	10
				PVC foaming regulator (530)	0.95	0.97	1.0
Maleic acid (CP)	0.46	0.40	0.42
				Color (various color cake combination)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of

Through repeated tests, the polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather prepared by the invention has high foaming multiplying power, light texture, good elasticity and noise reduction, adopts a smaller amount of raw materials compared with similar products in the same volume, and is suitable for trademark leather, base materials of fitness equipment, protective layers of precise instruments and fragile products, inner decoration soft package base materials and the like. The product is currently applied to the preparation of travel shoe trademark leather and is used as a substrate of the trademark leather. The polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather provided by the invention is used as a substrate to produce trademark leather, and the obtained trademark leather product has stronger stereoscopic impression and better elasticity.

The thickness measuring method adopts a micrometer caliper to measure, according to the set number of threads, the foaming is carried out to the set thickness and the roll weight, the product without flaws is A grade, and the product which does not reach the standard is B grade. The detection proves that the products of the invention are all A-grade.

In terms of production technology, when the release paper method is used for production, the production speed is 12 m/min (the foaming ratio is about 3 times); the calendering production of the invention has the production speed of 30 m/min (the foaming multiplying power is about 5.8-6 times);

according to the invention, the high-rate foaming and fine and dense cell overlapping of the PVC product are realized by scientific compatibility improvement of the bottom layer formula for foaming and tight control of the production process. In the invention, the foaming multiplying power of the PVC product is increased to about 5.8-6 times, so that the surface fall of the prepared trademark reaches about 2.5 mm, which is increased by 2.5 times compared with the similar products, thereby having obvious stereoscopic impression and clear trademark.

The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The polyvinyl chloride high-foaming leather provided by the invention and the preparation process thereof are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.