阅读说明：本技术 一种连续变厚度方板及异形板料的厚度测量方法 (Thickness measuring method for continuously variable thickness square plate and special-shaped plate ) 是由 张广基 于 2021-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于金属材料加工领域,具体涉及一种连续变厚度方板及异形板料的厚度测量方法,经过平直板加工、过渡区分界线标识加工、对厚度及公差进行标注、测量点腰形孔加工和测量。通过基准标样板和被测试板的重合度分析,能快速识别被测试产品长度或轮廓是否超出公差。本发明解决了传统方法测量连续变厚度板材的效率低下的问题,将全长测量变更为特征点测量,显著提高检验效率。(The invention belongs to the field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the thickness of a continuously variable thickness square plate and a special-shaped plate. Whether the length or the contour of the tested product exceeds the tolerance or not can be quickly identified through the coincidence degree analysis of the reference standard plate and the tested plate. The invention solves the problem of low efficiency of measuring the continuous variable thickness plate by the traditional method, changes the full length measurement into the characteristic point measurement and obviously improves the inspection efficiency.)

1. A method for measuring the thickness of a continuously variable thickness square plate and a special-shaped plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) machining of flat plate

Selecting a flat plate with good flatness, strictly according to the contour of the continuous variable-thickness square plate, selecting the width of the flat plate according to the measurement convenience, and cutting and processing the contour of the special-shaped material sheet to obtain the flat plate with the contour size completely conforming to the contour line of the drawing;

(2) transitional boundary line marking process

Dividing boundary positions based on theoretical transition of a drawing, and marking corresponding positions on the flat plate obtained in the step (1) with lines;

(3) marking thickness and tolerance

Regarding the continuous variable thickness square plate product, two tolerances of thickness tolerance and length tolerance exist, the square plate obtained in the step (2) is regarded as a square plate with the length tolerance of 0, and the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness are respectively etched at positions which are easy to observe and recognize manually at two sides of a boundary;

for the variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet, the thickness and tolerance marks need to be moved to the corresponding outline of the special-shaped material sheet;

(4) processing waist-shaped hole of measuring point

For the continuous variable thickness square plate product, due to the existence of thickness tolerance, as long as the thickness of the two sides of the equal thickness area close to the vicinity of the boundary line of the transition area is within the tolerance range, the thickness of the plate can be regarded as qualified, the offset value of the measuring point from the boundary line needs to be agreed in advance, then the position of the offset is taken as a reference center, a kidney-shaped hole with proper size is processed on the edge part of the square plate, and the symmetrical axis of the kidney-shaped hole is coincident with the reference center or has an offset; the processing of the waist-shaped hole does not interfere with the marking in the step (3), the marking in the step (3) is arranged on the side of the waist-shaped hole, and a measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate is obtained;

for the variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet, the waist-shaped holes are required to be positioned at the corresponding outline of the special-shaped material sheet;

(5) measuring

Placing the continuous variable thickness square plate or the special-shaped material sheet to be measured as a measured plate below, placing the measurement datum plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measurement datum plate of the special-shaped material sheet above the measured plate, and aligning the left side or the right side of the measured plate to ensure that the two plates coincide: if the contact ratio does not meet the requirement, the sheet is an unqualified product; if the length tolerance or the profile tolerance of the measured plate meets the requirement, the thickness of the square plate below the measured plate is measured manually by using measuring equipment according to the positions of the waist-shaped holes, and the thickness distribution of the variable-thickness square plate or the special-shaped material sheet can be obtained.

2. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the measuring method is suitable for measuring the thickness of equal-thickness areas on two sides of the transition area or the thickness of the transition area, and when the measuring method is used for measuring the thickness of the transition area, corresponding measuring points are arranged in the transition area, and corresponding kidney-shaped holes are machined and thickness tolerance is marked.

3. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: for the requirement of measuring the unilateral thickness distribution, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet only processes the part of one side to be measured, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured; for the requirement of measuring the thickness distribution of the two sides, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet can respectively process the corresponding parts of the profiles of the two sides, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured.

4. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flat plate in the step (1) is made of metal or nonmetal materials which are suitable for marking and processing waist-shaped holes and have good corrosion resistance and toughness.

5. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flat plate in the step (1) is an equal-thickness plate or a variable-thickness plate.

6. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the marking mark in the step (2) adopts a laser etching, physical processing or chemical corrosion method; the drawn line marks are clearly visible, and the line width of the boundary is less than 0.2 mm.

7. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) etching the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness in the step (3) by adopting a laser etching method, a physical processing method or a chemical corrosion method.

8. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the prearranged offset of the step (4) is less than or equal to 15 mm.

9. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) processing the waist-shaped hole by adopting a laser cutting or machining means.

10. The method for measuring the thickness of the continuously variable thickness square plate and the special-shaped plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) the width of the waist-shaped hole is 5-8mm, and the depth of the waist-shaped hole is more than or equal to 15mm, so that the influence of the edge thinning area of the raw material is avoided.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the thickness of a continuous variable-thickness square plate and a special-shaped plate.

Background

The light weight of the automobile has become an important development trend in the automobile industry, and various new technologies corresponding to the important development trend are promoted and applied. A part prepared from one of the continuously variable thickness plates (TRB plate) has the advantages of good weight reduction effect, high collision absorption value, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to preparation of white car body structural members of passenger cars at present.

The continuous variable-thickness part is prepared from variable-thickness plates, and the variable-thickness plates have the characteristics that: the thickness varies continuously along the length and is mostly linear, but the width does not vary or varies by a small amount along the length, which can be considered as constant, as shown in fig. 1. The plate is obtained by a rolling mill with special design through a variable roll gap rolling technology. According to the outline of the part, the corresponding continuous variable thickness square plate needs to be subjected to blanking processing, and the corresponding special-shaped plate is obtained and then subjected to subsequent stamping, as shown in fig. 2.

The continuous variable-thickness square plate and the blanking special-shaped material sheet are special: the thickness transition is a smooth transition. Although the drawing has a schematic boundary, a thickness transition distinction boundary does not exist in a real object, and a production process quality inspector and a downstream customer cannot effectively and quickly detect the thickness of the plate. The existing measuring method measures one point every 10-20mm along the length direction of a steel plate, measures the whole length, and has high measuring strength and low efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for measuring the thickness of a continuous variable-thickness square plate and a special-shaped plate, which has the characteristics of convenience in use, low cost, quickness in measurement and the like, and does not damage a measurement sample. The problem that the efficiency of measuring the continuous variable-thickness plate by the traditional method is low is solved, full-length measurement is changed into characteristic point measurement, the inspection efficiency is greatly improved, and whether the length of a tested product exceeds a tolerance or not can be quickly identified through analysis of the contact ratio of a reference standard sample plate and the tested plate.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a method for measuring the thickness of a continuously variable thickness square plate and a special-shaped plate specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) machining of flat plate

Selecting a flat plate with good flatness, and strictly cutting and processing the flat plate according to the contour of the continuous variable-thickness square plate (the width can be conveniently selected according to measurement) and the contour of the special-shaped material sheet to obtain a flat plate with the contour size completely conforming to the contour line of the drawing;

(2) transitional boundary line marking process

Dividing boundary positions based on theoretical transition of a drawing, and marking corresponding positions on the flat plate obtained in the step (1) with lines;

(3) marking thickness and tolerance

Regarding the continuous variable thickness square plate product, two tolerances of thickness tolerance and length tolerance exist, the square plate obtained in the step (2) is regarded as a square plate with the length tolerance of 0, and the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness are respectively etched at positions which are easy to observe and recognize manually at two sides of a boundary;

for the variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet, the thickness and tolerance marks need to be moved to the corresponding outline of the special-shaped material sheet;

(4) processing waist-shaped hole of measuring point

For the continuous variable thickness square plate product, due to the existence of thickness tolerance, as long as the thickness of the two sides of the equal thickness area close to the vicinity of the boundary line of the transition area is within the tolerance range, the thickness of the plate can be regarded as qualified, the offset value of the measuring point from the boundary line needs to be agreed in advance, then the position of the offset is taken as a reference center, a kidney-shaped hole with proper size is processed on the edge part of the square plate, and the symmetrical axis of the kidney-shaped hole is coincident with the reference center or has an offset; the processing of the waist-shaped hole does not interfere with the marking in the step (3), the marking in the step (3) is arranged on the side of the waist-shaped hole, and a measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate is obtained;

for the variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet, the waist-shaped holes are required to be positioned at the corresponding outline of the special-shaped material sheet;

(5) measuring

Placing the continuous variable thickness square plate or the special-shaped material sheet to be measured as a measured plate below, placing the measurement datum plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measurement datum plate of the special-shaped material sheet above the measured plate, and aligning the left side or the right side of the measured plate to ensure that the two plates coincide: if the contact ratio does not meet the requirement, the sheet is an unqualified product; if the length tolerance or the profile tolerance of the measured plate meets the requirement, the thickness of the square plate below the measured plate is measured manually by using measuring equipment according to the positions of the waist-shaped holes, and the thickness distribution of the variable-thickness square plate or the special-shaped material sheet can be obtained.

The measuring method is suitable for measuring the thickness of equal-thickness areas on two sides of the transition area or the thickness of the transition area, and when the measuring method is used for measuring the thickness of the transition area, corresponding measuring points are arranged in the transition area, and corresponding kidney-shaped holes are machined and thickness tolerance is marked.

For the requirement of measuring the unilateral thickness distribution, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet only processes the part of one side to be measured, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured; for the requirement of measuring the thickness distribution of the two sides, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet can respectively process the corresponding parts of the profiles of the two sides, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured.

The flat plate in the step (1) is made of metal or nonmetal materials which are suitable for marking and processing waist-shaped holes and have good corrosion resistance and toughness.

The flat plate in the step (1) is an equal-thickness plate or a variable-thickness plate.

The marking mark in the step (2) adopts a laser etching, physical processing or chemical corrosion method; the drawn line marks are clearly visible, and the line width of the boundary is less than 0.2 mm.

And (4) etching the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness in the step (3) by adopting a laser etching method, a physical processing method or a chemical corrosion method.

The prearranged offset of the step (4) is less than or equal to 15 mm.

And (4) processing the waist-shaped hole by adopting a laser cutting or machining means.

And (4) the width of the waist-shaped hole is 5-8mm, and the depth of the waist-shaped hole is more than or equal to 15mm, so that the influence of the edge thinning area of the raw material is avoided.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

as proved by the actual control process and field feedback, the thickness precision data of the continuous variable-thickness sheet material can be represented as long as a certain number of characteristic points are selected for thickness measurement. The invention does not adopt the traditional measuring method to carry out intensive measurement on the full-length thickness, but provides the concept of a reference standard sample plate, a certain number of characteristic points are selected on the reference standard sample plate, the characteristic points are positioned near two sides of a transition division boundary line (generally deviated by 5-10 mm), and the thickness measurement of the continuous variable-thickness plate can be realized only by measuring the positions of the characteristic points, thereby solving the problem that the traditional method can not rapidly measure the continuous variable-thickness plate; the number of the characteristic points is far less than that of the full-length measuring points, so that the inspection efficiency is greatly improved;

the waist-shaped hole is processed at the position of the characteristic point, so that the micrometer equivalent tool can be conveniently measured. The coincidence degree of the reference standard plate method and the measured plate can conveniently judge whether the length of the tested product exceeds the tolerance.

The boundary mark and the thickness information mark near the characteristic point of the invention are convenient for measuring personnel to carry out rapid calibration, measurement and memory of the measuring tool. The transition zone boundary is not marked and does not actually affect the final measurement result, but the marking helps the operator to make the position of the transition zone clearer.

In addition, for the requirement of measuring the thickness distribution of a single side only, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet is only processed on the part of the measured side, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured; for the requirement of measuring the thickness distribution of the two sides, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet can respectively process the corresponding parts of the profiles of the two sides, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured. This can greatly reduce the weight of the reference measuring board.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a typical continuous variable thickness sheet;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a special-shaped plate obtained after blanking processing is performed on a continuous variable-thickness square plate, wherein a dotted line represents the continuous variable-thickness square plate, and an inner solid line closed area represents the outline of the continuous variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of processing a square plate measuring point waist-shaped hole;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of processing a special-shaped sheet material measuring point waist-shaped hole;

in the figure, 1, a waist-shaped hole; 2. thickness and tolerance marks.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the drawings and examples.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of processing square plate measuring point waist-shaped holes, FIG. 4 is a schematic view of processing special-shaped plate measuring point waist-shaped holes, as shown in the figure:

example 1

The invention relates to a method for measuring the thickness of a continuous variable-thickness square plate and a special-shaped plate, which specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) machining of flat plate

Selecting a flat plate with good flatness, strictly according to the contour of the continuous variable-thickness square plate, selecting the width of the flat plate according to the measurement convenience, and cutting and processing the contour of the special-shaped material sheet to obtain the flat plate with the contour size completely conforming to the contour line of the drawing;

(2) transitional boundary line marking process

Dividing boundary positions based on theoretical transition of a drawing, and marking corresponding positions on the flat plate obtained in the step (1) with lines;

(3) marking thickness and tolerance

Regarding the continuous variable thickness square plate product, two tolerances of thickness tolerance and length tolerance exist, the square plate obtained in the step (2) is regarded as a square plate with the length tolerance of 0, and the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness are respectively etched at positions which are easy to observe and recognize manually at two sides of a boundary;

for the variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet, the thickness and tolerance marks need to be moved to the corresponding outline of the special-shaped material sheet;

(4) processing waist-shaped hole of measuring point

For the continuous variable thickness square plate product, due to the existence of thickness tolerance, as long as the thickness of the two sides of the equal thickness area close to the vicinity of the boundary line of the transition area is within the tolerance range, the thickness of the plate can be regarded as qualified, the offset value of the measuring point from the boundary line needs to be agreed in advance, then the position of the offset is taken as a reference center, a kidney-shaped hole with proper size is processed on the edge part of the square plate, and the symmetrical axis of the kidney-shaped hole is coincident with the reference center or has an offset; the processing of the waist-shaped hole does not interfere with the marking in the step (3), the marking in the step (3) is arranged on the side of the waist-shaped hole, and a measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate is obtained;

for the variable-thickness special-shaped material sheet, the waist-shaped holes are required to be positioned at the corresponding outline of the special-shaped material sheet;

(5) measuring

Placing the continuous variable thickness square plate or the special-shaped material sheet to be measured as a measured plate below, placing the measurement datum plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measurement datum plate of the special-shaped material sheet above the measured plate, and aligning the left side or the right side of the measured plate to ensure that the two plates coincide: if the contact ratio does not meet the requirement, the sheet is an unqualified product; if the length tolerance or the profile tolerance of the measured plate meets the requirement, the thickness of the square plate below the measured plate is measured manually by using measuring equipment according to the positions of the waist-shaped holes, and the thickness distribution of the variable-thickness square plate or the special-shaped material sheet can be obtained.

The measuring method is suitable for measuring the thickness of equal-thickness areas on two sides of the transition area or the thickness of the transition area, and when the measuring method is used for measuring the thickness of the transition area, corresponding measuring points are arranged in the transition area, and corresponding kidney-shaped holes are machined and thickness tolerance is marked.

For the requirement of measuring the unilateral thickness distribution, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet only processes the part of one side to be measured, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured; for the requirement of measuring the thickness distribution of the two sides, the measuring reference plate of the continuous variable thickness square plate or the measuring reference plate of the special-shaped material sheet can respectively process the corresponding parts of the profiles of the two sides, so that the integrity of the waist-shaped hole and the mark is ensured.

The flat plate in the step (1) is made of metal or nonmetal materials which are suitable for marking and processing waist-shaped holes and have good corrosion resistance and toughness.

The flat plate in the step (1) is an equal-thickness plate or a variable-thickness plate.

The marking mark in the step (2) adopts a laser etching, physical processing or chemical corrosion method; the drawn line marks are clearly visible, and the line width of the boundary is less than 0.2 mm.

And (4) etching the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness in the step (3) by adopting a laser etching method, a physical processing method or a chemical corrosion method.

The prearranged offset of the step (4) is less than or equal to 15 mm.

And (4) processing the waist-shaped hole by adopting a laser cutting or machining means.

And (4) the width of the waist-shaped hole is 5-8mm, and the depth of the waist-shaped hole is more than or equal to 15mm, so that the influence of the edge thinning area of the raw material is avoided.

Example 2

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the flat plate is a variable-thickness plate, the line drawing mark in the step (2) adopts a chemical etching method, and the etching of the absolute value and the tolerance of the thickness in the step (3) adopts the chemical etching method.