阅读说明：本技术 异步起动永磁同步电机及设备 (Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor and equipment ) 是由 韦福东 魏现东 王建辉 姚丙雷 曹海东 高剑飞 于 2021-09-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种异步起动永磁同步电机及设备,涉及电机的技术领域,该异步起动永磁同步电机包括电机壳体、定子和转子；所述电机壳体包括壳体主体和两个端盖；所述励磁线圈由于通电产生的磁场的磁场方向与所述磁钢的产生的磁场的磁场方向相反。本发明提供的异步起动永磁同步电机的转子上设置有励磁线圈,当异步起动永磁同步电机的起动阶段,励磁线圈通电,此时励磁线圈由于通入电流产生磁场,该励磁线圈的磁场的磁场方向与磁钢具有的磁场的磁场方向相反,起到去磁的作用,从而减少异步起动永磁同步电机的起动阶段的电流。(The invention provides an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor and equipment, and relates to the technical field of motors, wherein the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a motor shell, a stator and a rotor; the motor shell comprises a shell body and two end covers; the magnetic field direction of the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil due to electrification is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel. The rotor of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with the excitation coil, when the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is started, the excitation coil is electrified, the excitation coil generates a magnetic field due to the fact that current is introduced, the direction of the magnetic field of the excitation coil is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetic steel, the demagnetization effect is achieved, and therefore current of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor in the starting stage is reduced.)

1. An asynchronously-started permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising a motor shell, a stator (700) and a rotor (800);

the motor shell comprises a shell body (100) and two end covers (200); the two end covers (200) are arranged at two ends of the shell body (100), and the two end covers (200) are concentrically arranged;

a rotating shaft (400) concentrically arranged is arranged on the end cover (200), the rotor (800) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (400), and the stator (700) is sleeved on the rotor (800) and fixed on the shell body (100);

the rotor (800) is provided with magnetic steel (160) and an excitation coil (150), and the magnetic field direction of a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil (150) due to electrification is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel (160).

2. An asynchronously started permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, further comprising carbon brushes (500) and slip rings (600); the slip ring (600) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (400) and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft (400), and the magnet exciting coil (150) is connected with the slip ring (600);

the carbon brush (500) is arranged on the end cover (200) and is in sliding connection with the slip ring (600), and the carbon brush (500) is used for being connected with an external circuit.

3. Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotor (800) comprises a rotor core provided with a rotation hole (140) for fitting with a rotating shaft (400);

the magnetic steel rotor is characterized in that a plurality of winding holes (110) are formed in the peripheral side of the rotating shaft (400), a magnet exciting coil (150) is formed between every two adjacent winding holes (110), and the number of the magnet exciting coils (150) is the same as that of the magnetic steel (160).

4. Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotor (800) comprises a rotor core provided with a rotation hole (140) for fitting with a rotating shaft (400);

four winding holes (110) are formed on the peripheral side of the rotating shaft (400), and each two winding holes (110) form a magnet exciting coil (150), and the number of the magnet exciting coils (150) is the same as that of the magnetic steel (160).

5. An asynchronously-started permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of mounting slots (130) for mounting magnetic steels (160) are provided on the rotor core, and the mounting slots (130) are provided adjacent to the field coils (150);

the magnet exciting coil (150) and the mounting groove (130) are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the rotating hole (140).

6. The asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, wherein four winding holes (110) are formed in the rotor core, and a connection line between adjacent winding holes (110) is parallel to the width direction of the mounting groove (130).

7. An asynchronously started permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of mounting slots (120) are provided on the circumferential side of the rotor core, and that guide bars are provided in the mounting slots (120);

and end rings (900) connected with the guide bars are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the rotor core.

8. The asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, wherein the rotor core comprises a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and the plurality of silicon steel sheets are stacked to form the rotor core.

9. An asynchronously started permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing (300) is sleeved between the rotating shaft (400) and the end cover (200).

10. An apparatus comprising an asynchronously started permanent magnet synchronous motor as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor and equipment.

Background

The rotor structure of the cage-type asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a rotor iron core, permanent magnets, a squirrel cage conducting bar and a copper end ring. The rotor core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, and the permanent magnet is generally built-in. Compared with other permanent magnet synchronous motors, the cage type asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that a cage is arranged on the surface of a rotor and is welded by conducting bars and end rings at two ends of the rotor, and the cage formed in the way is arranged on the surface of the rotor and is directly contacted with air, so that the skin effect of the motor can be increased, and the starting torque of the motor is improved.

For the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, because the rotor of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with the permanent magnet and the conducting bar, the starting process is more complicated compared with the asynchronous motor, and when the asynchronous motor is started, magnetic fields with different rotating speeds exist in an air gap, wherein the magnetic fields comprise asynchronous torque generated by the interaction of the magnetic fields with the same rotating speed, reluctance negative sequence component torque, permanent magnet power generation braking torque and pulsating torque generated by the interaction of the magnetic fields with different rotating speeds. The interaction between the magnetic field and the magnetic field generates a plurality of electromagnetic torques, which results in that the cage type asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor needs larger starting current.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor and equipment to solve the technical problem of large starting current of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor.

In a first aspect, the invention provides an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a motor shell, a stator and a rotor;

the motor shell comprises a shell body and two end covers; the two end covers are arranged at two ends of the shell body and are arranged concentrically;

the end cover is provided with a rotating shaft which is concentrically arranged, the rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the stator is sleeved on the rotor and fixed on the shell main body;

the rotor is provided with magnetic steel and an excitation coil, and the magnetic field direction of a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil due to energization is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel.

In an optional embodiment, the device further comprises a carbon brush and a slip ring; the slip ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft, and the excitation coil is connected with the slip ring;

the carbon brush is arranged on the end cover and is in sliding connection with the slip ring, and the carbon brush is used for being connected with an external circuit.

In an alternative embodiment, the rotor includes a rotor core provided with a rotation hole for assembling with a rotation shaft;

and a plurality of winding holes are formed on the periphery of the rotating shaft, an excitation coil is formed between every two adjacent winding holes, and the number of the excitation coils is the same as that of the magnetic steel.

In an alternative embodiment, the rotor includes a rotor core provided with a rotation hole for assembling with a rotation shaft;

four winding holes are arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft, every two winding holes form a magnet exciting coil, and the number of the magnet exciting coils is the same as that of the magnetic steel.

In an optional embodiment, a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting magnetic steel are arranged on the rotor core, and the mounting grooves are arranged adjacent to the excitation coil; the magnet exciting coil and the mounting groove are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the rotating hole.

In an alternative embodiment, four winding holes are formed in the rotor core, and a connecting line between adjacent winding holes is parallel to the width direction of the mounting groove.

In an optional embodiment, a plurality of mounting elongated slots are arranged on the peripheral side of the rotor core, and guide bars are arranged in the mounting elongated slots;

and end rings connected with the guide bars are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the rotor core.

In an optional embodiment, the rotor core includes a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and the plurality of silicon steel sheets are stacked to form the rotor core.

In an alternative embodiment, a bearing is sleeved between the rotating shaft and the end cover.

The rotor of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with the excitation coil, when the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is started, the excitation coil is electrified, the excitation coil generates a magnetic field due to the fact that current is introduced, the direction of the magnetic field of the excitation coil is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetic steel, the demagnetization effect is achieved, and therefore current of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor in the starting stage is reduced.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus comprising an asynchronously started permanent magnet synchronous electric machine as defined in any of the preceding embodiments.

The invention also provides equipment which adopts the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, thereby having all the beneficial effects of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an asynchronously-started permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotor of the asynchronously-started permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in fig. 1.

Icon: 100-a housing body; 200-end cap; 300-a bearing; 400-rotation axis; 500-carbon brush; 600-a slip ring; 700-a stator; 800-a rotor; 900-end ring; 110-wire winding holes; 120-installing an elongated slot; 130-a mounting groove; 140-a rotation hole; 150-a field coil; 160-magnetic steel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a motor housing, a stator 700, and a rotor 800; the motor housing comprises a housing body 100 and two end caps 200; the two end caps 200 are arranged at two ends of the housing main body 100, and the two end caps 200 are arranged concentrically;

the end cover 200 is provided with a rotating shaft 400 concentrically arranged, the rotor 800 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 400, and the stator 700 is sleeved on the rotor 800 and fixed on the housing main body 100;

the rotor 800 is provided with a magnetic steel 160 and an excitation coil 150, and a magnetic field direction of a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 150 due to energization is opposite to a magnetic field direction of a magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel 160.

In some embodiments, the end caps 200 are respectively disposed at both ends of the housing body 100 of the motor housing of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the rotating shaft 400 and the two end caps 200 are concentrically disposed; when the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is in a starting stage, the rotating speed of the rotor 800 is in a lower rotating speed, the magnet exciting coil 150 is electrified, the magnet exciting coil 150 after being electrified generates a magnetic field, the direction of the magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetic steel 160, which is equivalent to that the size of the magnetic field of the magnetic steel 160 is reduced in the starting stage, so that the influence of the magnetic steel 160 in the starting stage is reduced, and the current of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor in the starting stage can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, in an alternative embodiment, a carbon brush 500 and a slip ring 600 are further included; the slip ring 600 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 400 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 400, and the excitation coil 150 is connected with the slip ring 600;

the carbon brush 500 is disposed on the end cap 200 and slidably connected to the slip ring 600, and the carbon brush 500 is used for connecting to an external circuit.

In order to connect the excitation coil 150 with an external circuit, a slip ring 600 connected with the excitation coil 150 is arranged on the rotating shaft 400, the carbon brush 500 is connected with the end cover 200 and the external circuit, the carbon brush 500 is connected with the slip ring 600 in a sliding manner, that is, the slip ring 600 and the rotating shaft 400 rotate synchronously, the carbon brush 500 is always connected with the slip ring 600, and further the connection between the external circuit and the excitation coil 150 is realized; in the start phase of the step-start permanent magnet synchronous motor, an external circuit is communicated with the exciting coil 150 so that the exciting coil 150 can generate a magnetic field.

Referring to fig. 3, in an alternative embodiment, the rotor 800 includes a rotor core provided with a rotation hole 140 for assembling with the rotation shaft 400;

a plurality of winding holes 110 are formed on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft 400, and one excitation coil 150 is formed between two adjacent winding holes 110, and the number of the excitation coils 150 is the same as that of the magnetic steels 160.

In some embodiments, the rotor core is provided with the winding holes 110, and the adjacent winding holes 110 form the excitation coils 150 by winding of copper wires, i.e., when the rotor core is provided with three winding holes 110, three excitation coils 150 are formed, and when the rotor core is provided with four winding holes 110, four excitation coils 150 are formed;

since the magnetic coils 150 are used to reduce the magnetic field of the magnetic steels 160, the number of the magnetic coils 150 is equal to the number of the magnetic steels 160, that is, each magnetic steel 160 is correspondingly provided with one magnetic coil 150.

In an alternative embodiment, the rotor 800 includes a rotor core provided with a rotation hole 140 for assembling with the rotation shaft 400;

four winding holes 110 are formed on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft 400, and one excitation coil 150 is formed in every two winding holes 110, and the number of the excitation coils 150 is the same as that of the magnetic steels 160.

When the rotor core is provided with two magnetic steels 160, four winding holes 110 are formed in the rotor core, wherein every two winding holes 110 wind copper wires to form one excitation coil 150, and then the four winding holes 110 can form two excitation coils 150.

Referring to fig. 2, in an alternative embodiment, a plurality of mounting grooves 130 for mounting magnetic steels 160 are provided on the rotor core, and the mounting grooves 130 are disposed adjacent to the field coil 150.

In an alternative embodiment, the field coil 150 and the mounting groove 130 are sequentially disposed in a radial direction of the rotation hole 140.

The rotor core is provided with a magnetic steel 160 mounting groove 130 for mounting the magnetic steel 160, the magnetic steel 160 is mounted in the magnetic steel 160 mounting groove 130, the excitation coil 150 is located on the inner side of the magnetic steel 160, and the excitation coil 150 is closer to the rotating hole 140 than the magnetic steel 160 in the radial direction of the rotating hole 140.

Generally, the width of the magnetic steel 160 is smaller than that of the excitation coil 150, so that the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 150 can better counteract the magnetic field of the magnetic steel 160, and the negative effect of the magnetic field of the magnetic steel 160 in the starting stage of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is reduced.

In an alternative embodiment, four winding holes 110 are provided on the rotor core, and a connection line between adjacent winding holes 110 is parallel to the width direction of the mounting groove 130.

In some embodiments, the rotor core is provided with four winding holes 110, that is, four mounting grooves 130 are uniformly arranged on the rotor core, and a magnetic steel 160 is arranged on each mounting groove 130; the four winding holes 110 form four excitation coils 150, and each excitation coil 150 generates a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field direction of the magnetic steel 160 in the starting stage of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the magnetic field of each magnetic steel 160 can be offset, the influence of the magnetic steel 160 on the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor in the starting stage is reduced, and the starting current of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is further reduced.

Referring to fig. 2, the width direction of the magnetic steel 160 is parallel to the width direction of the mounting groove 130, the longer side of the magnetic steel 160 is the width direction, the shorter side is the height direction, and the direction extending into the paper is the length direction.

In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of mounting slots 120 are provided on the circumferential side of the rotor core, and guide bars are provided in the mounting slots 120;

and end rings 900 connected to the conductive bars are respectively provided at both axial ends of the rotor core.

A plurality of mounting elongated slots 120 are formed on the periphery of the rotor core, and a guide bar is mounted in each mounting elongated slot 120; one end of the plurality of conductive bars is connected to the end ring 900 and the other end of the plurality of conductive bars is connected to the other end ring 900, thus forming a cage-type conductive bar.

In an optional embodiment, the rotor core includes a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and the plurality of silicon steel sheets are stacked to form the rotor core.

In an alternative embodiment, a bearing 300 is sleeved between the rotating shaft 400 and the end cap 200.

The rotor 800 of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the invention is provided with the excitation coil 150, when the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is started, the excitation coil 150 is electrified, at the moment, the excitation coil 150 generates a magnetic field due to the current, the direction of the magnetic field of the excitation coil 150 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetic steel 160, and the demagnetization effect is realized, so that the current of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor at the starting stage is reduced.

The invention provides an apparatus comprising an asynchronously-started permanent magnet synchronous machine as claimed in any of the preceding embodiments.

The invention also provides equipment which adopts the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, thereby having all the beneficial effects of the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.