阅读说明：本技术 一种光圈透光结构的设计方法及光圈 (Design method of light-transmitting structure of diaphragm and diaphragm ) 是由 何健 王希光 于 2021-09-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种光圈透光结构的设计方法及光圈,其中,光圈透光结构的设计方法,包括：计算光源分布；根据光源分布以及预设的透光强度和光圈角度之间的函数关系,获取光圈不同角度下的理论透光强度；根据光圈不同角度下的理论透光强度,获取光圈不同角度下的理论透光槽宽度,形成理论透光槽；在所述理论透光槽的宽度小于预设宽度的部位,设置通孔替代理论透光槽。这种设计方法根据预设的透光强度和光圈角度之间的函数关系先设计匹配的理论透光槽,然后通过将理论透光槽的宽度小于预设宽度的部位设置通孔替代该部位的理论透光槽,从而在有限的条件下,当光源较弱时,可以使光圈的透光强度和光圈的角度具有较好的函数关系。(The invention provides a design method of a diaphragm light-transmitting structure and a diaphragm, wherein the design method of the diaphragm light-transmitting structure comprises the following steps: calculating the light source distribution; acquiring theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles according to light source distribution and a preset functional relation between the light transmission intensity and the aperture angle; obtaining the widths of theoretical light transmission grooves of the aperture at different angles according to the theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles to form the theoretical light transmission grooves; and arranging a through hole to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the preset width. According to the design method, the matched theoretical light-transmitting groove is designed according to the functional relation between the preset light-transmitting intensity and the aperture angle, and then the through hole is arranged at the part, with the width smaller than the preset width, of the theoretical light-transmitting groove to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the part, so that the light-transmitting intensity of the aperture and the aperture angle have a good functional relation under the limited condition when the light source is weak.)

1. A design method of an aperture light-transmitting structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

calculating the light source distribution;

acquiring theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles according to light source distribution and a preset functional relation between the light transmission intensity and the aperture angle;

obtaining the widths of theoretical light transmission grooves of the aperture at different angles according to the theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles to form the theoretical light transmission grooves;

and arranging a through hole to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the preset width.

2. The method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining theoretical light-transmitting intensities at different angles of the aperture according to the light source distribution and the functional relationship between the preset light-transmitting intensity and the aperture angle comprises:

acquiring the maximum light transmission intensity according to the light source distribution;

presetting an exponential function change relation between the light transmission intensity and the aperture angle;

and obtaining theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles according to the maximum light transmission intensity and the exponential function change relation between the preset light transmission intensity and the aperture angle.

3. The method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the theoretical light-transmitting groove widths at different angles of the aperture according to the theoretical light-transmitting intensities at different angles of the aperture comprises:

acquiring a value range of the width of the light transmission groove according to the light spot radius of the light source and the set number of the light transmission grooves;

under any angle of the aperture, acquiring the initial width of the light-transmitting groove according to the value range of the width of the light-transmitting groove;

superposing the light transmission groove and the light source facula under the width of the initial light transmission groove to obtain the actual light transmission intensity of the aperture at the angle;

and iteratively correcting the initial light transmission groove width according to the deviation of the actual light transmission intensity and the theoretical light transmission intensity to obtain the theoretical light transmission groove width, so that the deviation of the actual light transmission intensity and the theoretical light transmission intensity is smaller than a preset value under the theoretical light transmission groove width.

4. The method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure according to claim 3, wherein the iteratively correcting the initial light-transmitting groove width according to the deviation between the actual light-transmitting intensity and the theoretical light-transmitting intensity to obtain a theoretical light-transmitting groove width, so that the deviation between the actual light-transmitting intensity and the theoretical light-transmitting intensity is smaller than a preset value under the theoretical light-transmitting groove width further comprises:

when the actual light transmission intensity is smaller than the theoretical light transmission intensity, the width of the initial light transmission groove is increased;

and when the actual light transmission intensity is greater than the theoretical light transmission intensity, reducing the initial light transmission intensity.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the actual light transmission intensity is smaller than the theoretical light transmission intensity, increasing the initial light transmission groove width comprises: increasing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove to 3/2 of the width of the initial light-transmitting groove;

when the actual transmission intensity is greater than the theoretical transmission intensity, reducing the initial transmission intensity comprises: the width of the initial light-transmitting groove is reduced to 1/2 of the width of the initial light-transmitting groove.

6. The method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the step of providing a through hole instead of the light-transmitting groove at a position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than a predetermined width further comprises:

calculating the area of the part of the theoretical light-transmitting groove with the width smaller than the preset width from one end;

when the area of one section of theoretical light-transmitting groove is larger than or equal to the preset area, arranging a through hole to replace the section of theoretical light-transmitting groove; and the area of the through holes is gradually reduced along the direction that the width of the theoretical light transmission groove is gradually reduced.

7. The method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure according to claim 3, wherein the obtaining the widths of the theoretical light-transmitting grooves at different angles of the aperture according to the theoretical light-transmitting intensities at different angles of the aperture further comprises:

determining the central line of each light-transmitting groove according to the radius of the light spots of the light source, the position of the light spots of the light source and the set number of the light-transmitting grooves;

wherein, set up the radial interval between two adjacent light transmission grooves equal, then obtain through the following formula from the center of the diaphragm to the central line of the ith light transmission groove in edge:

r_ithe radius of the center line of the ith light transmission groove from the center to the edge of the diaphragm relative to the circle center of the diaphragm; d is the distance from the circle center of the diaphragm to the center of the light spot of the light source, r is the radius of the light spot of the light source, and n is the set number of the light-transmitting grooves.

8. The method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure according to claim 1, further comprising:

setting a full-transparent part and a full-covering part of the diaphragm;

and acquiring the starting position and the ending position of the theoretical light transmission groove according to the full-transparent part and the full-shielding part of the diaphragm.

9. The utility model provides a light ring, its characterized in that, includes the light ring body, the light ring body is equipped with full thru hole and light-transmitting structure, light-transmitting structure includes light trap and through-hole, and is a plurality of the radial equidistance of light trap edge light ring distributes, the central line of light trap is circular-arcly, just the head end of light trap with full thru hole meets, the tail end of light trap connects mutually and is equipped with a plurality ofly the through-hole, and follows the direction that the width of light trap reduces gradually, and is a plurality of the area of through-hole reduces gradually.

10. Diaphragm according to claim 9, characterized in that the inside of the through hole and the inside of at least one of the light-transmitting grooves are provided with a reinforcement, respectively.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of diaphragms, in particular to a design method of a diaphragm light-transmitting structure and a diaphragm.

Background

The endoscope needs illumination of a light source during image acquisition, and the illumination intensity needs to be adjusted according to the image brightness, so that a dimming aperture is arranged between the light source and a target. In order to adjust the light more accurately, the adjustment position of the diaphragm needs to have a better functional relationship with the transmission intensity, and the current diaphragm is difficult to maintain a better functional relationship when the transmission intensity is smaller because of the limitation of manufacturing and processing precision or control precision.

In the prior art, the dimming diaphragm has the problem that when a light source is weak, the diaphragm position and the light transmission intensity cannot keep a good functional relationship.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a design method of a light-transmitting structure of an aperture and the aperture, which are used for solving the problem that the position of the aperture and the light-transmitting intensity cannot keep a good functional relationship when a light source of a light-adjusting aperture in the prior art is weak.

The invention provides a design method of a light-transmitting structure of an aperture, which comprises the following steps:

calculating the light source distribution;

acquiring theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles according to light source distribution and a preset functional relation between the light transmission intensity and the aperture angle;

obtaining the widths of theoretical light transmission grooves of the aperture at different angles according to the theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles to form the theoretical light transmission grooves;

and arranging a through hole to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the preset width.

According to the design method of the light-transmitting structure of the aperture, the obtaining of the theoretical light-transmitting intensity of the aperture at different angles according to the light source distribution and the functional relationship between the preset light-transmitting intensity and the aperture angle comprises the following steps:

acquiring the maximum light transmission intensity according to the light source distribution;

presetting an exponential function change relation between the light transmission intensity and the aperture angle;

and obtaining theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles according to the maximum light transmission intensity and the exponential function change relation between the preset light transmission intensity and the aperture angle.

According to the design method of the light-transmitting structure of the diaphragm, the theoretical light-transmitting groove widths of the diaphragm at different angles are obtained according to the theoretical light-transmitting intensity of the diaphragm at different angles, and the forming of the theoretical light-transmitting groove comprises the following steps:

acquiring a value range of the width of the light transmission groove according to the light spot radius of the light source and the set number of the light transmission grooves;

under any angle of the aperture, acquiring the initial width of the light-transmitting groove according to the value range of the width of the light-transmitting groove;

superposing the light transmission groove and the light source facula under the width of the initial light transmission groove to obtain the actual light transmission intensity of the aperture at the angle;

and iteratively correcting the initial light transmission groove width according to the deviation of the actual light transmission intensity and the theoretical light transmission intensity to obtain the theoretical light transmission groove width, so that the deviation of the actual light transmission intensity and the theoretical light transmission intensity is smaller than a preset value under the theoretical light transmission groove width.

According to the design method of the aperture light-transmitting structure provided by the invention, the iterative correction is performed on the initial light-transmitting groove width according to the deviation between the actual light-transmitting intensity and the theoretical light-transmitting intensity to obtain the theoretical light-transmitting groove width, so that under the theoretical light-transmitting groove width, the deviation between the actual light-transmitting intensity and the theoretical light-transmitting intensity is smaller than a preset value, and the method further comprises the following steps:

when the actual light transmission intensity is smaller than the theoretical light transmission intensity, the width of the initial light transmission groove is increased;

and when the actual light transmission intensity is greater than the theoretical light transmission intensity, reducing the initial light transmission intensity.

According to the design method of the aperture light-transmitting structure provided by the invention, when the actual light-transmitting intensity is smaller than the theoretical light-transmitting intensity, increasing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove comprises the following steps: increasing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove to 3/2 of the width of the initial light-transmitting groove;

when the actual transmission intensity is greater than the theoretical transmission intensity, reducing the initial transmission intensity comprises: the width of the initial light-transmitting groove is reduced to 1/2 of the width of the initial light-transmitting groove.

According to the design method of the light-transmitting structure of the diaphragm, provided by the invention, the step of arranging the through hole to replace the light-transmitting groove at the position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the preset width further comprises the following steps:

calculating the area of the part of the theoretical light-transmitting groove with the width smaller than the preset width from one end;

when the area of one section of theoretical light-transmitting groove is larger than or equal to the preset area, arranging a through hole to replace the section of theoretical light-transmitting groove; and the area of the through holes is gradually reduced along the direction that the width of the theoretical light transmission groove is gradually reduced.

According to the design method of the aperture light-transmitting structure provided by the invention, the obtaining of the widths of the theoretical light-transmitting grooves at different angles of the aperture according to the theoretical light-transmitting intensities at different angles of the aperture further comprises:

determining the central line of each light-transmitting groove according to the radius of the light spots of the light source, the position of the light spots of the light source and the set number of the light-transmitting grooves;

wherein, set up the radial interval between two adjacent light transmission grooves equal, then obtain through the following formula from the center of the diaphragm to the central line of the ith light transmission groove in edge:

r_ithe radius of the center line of the ith light transmission groove from the center to the edge of the diaphragm relative to the circle center of the diaphragm; d is the distance from the circle center of the diaphragm to the center of the light spot of the light source, r is the radius of the light spot of the light source, and n is the set number of the light-transmitting grooves.

The design method of the light-transmitting structure of the diaphragm further comprises the following steps:

setting a full-transparent part and a full-covering part of the diaphragm;

and acquiring the starting position and the ending position of the theoretical light transmission groove according to the full-transparent part and the full-shielding part of the diaphragm.

The invention also provides the diaphragm, which comprises a diaphragm body, wherein the diaphragm body is provided with a full through hole and a light-transmitting structure, the light-transmitting structure comprises light-transmitting grooves and through holes, the light-transmitting grooves are equidistantly distributed along the radial direction of the diaphragm, the center line of each light-transmitting groove is in an arc shape, the head ends of the light-transmitting grooves are connected with the full through hole, the tail ends of the light-transmitting grooves are connected with the through holes, and the areas of the through holes are gradually reduced along the direction that the width of the light-transmitting grooves is gradually reduced.

According to the diaphragm provided by the invention, the inside of the full through hole and the inside of at least one light-transmitting groove are respectively provided with the reinforcing ribs.

According to the design method of the light-transmitting structure of the diaphragm and the diaphragm, the matched theoretical light-transmitting groove is designed according to the functional relation between the preset light-transmitting intensity and the diaphragm angle, and then the through hole is arranged at the part, with the width smaller than the preset width, of the theoretical light-transmitting groove to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the part, so that the light-transmitting structure is the through hole within the range of the diaphragm angle with smaller light-transmitting intensity, the light-transmitting structure at the part with smaller light-transmitting intensity of the diaphragm is designed, and therefore under the limited condition, when the light source is weaker, the light-transmitting intensity of the diaphragm and the angle of the diaphragm have better functional relation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing an aperture structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second flowchart of a method for designing an aperture structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph of light distribution of a light source provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exponential function relationship between the transmission intensity and the aperture angle provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an exponential function relationship between the transmission intensity and the aperture angle in a logarithmic coordinate system according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a theoretical light transmissive cell according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the superposition of light source spots and light-transmitting grooves provided by the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical light transmissive cell between full transmission and full shading provided by the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a first diagram of an aperture structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second aperture structure provided by the present invention;

reference numerals:

1: an aperture; 2: a light-transmitting groove; 3: a full through hole;

4: a through hole; 5: reinforcing ribs; 6: a full-shielding part;

7: the whole part is penetrated.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following describes a design method of a light-transmitting structure of an aperture and an aperture provided by the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 10.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing an aperture light-transmitting structure, which includes: s1, calculating light source distribution; s2, acquiring theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at different angles according to light source distribution and a function relation between preset light transmission intensity and aperture angle; s3, acquiring the widths of the theoretical light transmission grooves of the aperture at different angles according to the theoretical light transmission intensities of the aperture at different angles to form the theoretical light transmission grooves; and S4, arranging a through hole to replace the theoretical light transmission groove at the position where the width of the theoretical light transmission groove is smaller than the preset width.

S1, calculating lightSource distribution; specifically, according to the light source used in the aperture application scene, the light distribution function L ═ f (x, y), (x) of the light source is obtained by actual measurement²+y²＜r²) Where L is the transmission intensity at the coordinate (x, y) point and r represents the radius of the light source spot, as shown in fig. 3. And S2, presetting a functional relation between the aperture angle and the light transmission intensity, and obtaining theoretical light transmission intensities of the aperture at different angles according to the actually calculated light source distribution function and the preset functional relation between the aperture angle and the light transmission intensity, namely, calculating the theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at a certain angle according to requirements, wherein the theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at each angle is different. And S3, acquiring the widths of the theoretical light transmission grooves at different angles of the diaphragm according to the theoretical light transmission intensity at different angles of the diaphragm, and forming the theoretical light transmission grooves according to the width of the light transmission grooves at each angle of the diaphragm.

Further, at S4, at the positions where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the preset width, the light-transmitting grooves at these positions are changed into through holes; reserving the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is greater than or equal to the preset width; the theoretical light-transmitting groove and the through hole are light-transmitting structures on the diaphragm. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the preset width refers to a minimum width of the light-transmitting groove set according to requirements.

According to the design method of the light-transmitting structure of the diaphragm, the matched theoretical light-transmitting groove is designed according to the functional relation between the preset light-transmitting strength and the diaphragm angle, and then the through hole is arranged at the part, with the width smaller than the preset width, of the theoretical light-transmitting groove to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove at the part, so that the light-transmitting structure is the through hole within the range of the diaphragm angle with smaller light-transmitting strength, the light-transmitting structure at the part with smaller light-transmitting strength is designed, and therefore under the limited condition, when the light source is weaker, the light-transmitting strength of the diaphragm and the angle of the diaphragm have better functional relation.

On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, referring to fig. 2, obtaining the theoretical light transmittance intensities at different angles of the aperture according to the light source distribution and the functional relationship between the preset light transmittance intensity and the aperture angle includes: and acquiring the maximum light transmission intensity according to the light source distribution.

Specifically, the light distribution function L ═ f (x, y), (x) according to the light source²+y²＜r²) And integrating it to obtain the maximum transmission intensity, i.e. L_integral＝∫f(x，y)dxdy。

The preset light transmission intensity and the diaphragm angle are in exponential function change relationship, and specifically, the exponential function change relationship between the preset light transmission intensity and the diaphragm angle is as follows:

-kα

m＝L_integral×e，

where α is the angle of the aperture, k is the proportionality coefficient, L_integralM is the light transmission intensity when the aperture is rotated by an angle α, as shown in fig. 4. Based on weber-fisher's law, the human eye's luminance response is a logarithmic relationship, which is converted to a logarithm, as shown in fig. 5.

Further, the maximum light transmission intensity L calculated according to the light source distribution_integralAnd obtaining theoretical light transmission intensity m of the aperture under different angles according to the preset exponential function change relation between the light transmission intensity and the aperture angle_{Theory of the invention}，

I.e. m_{Theory of the invention}＝L_integral×e^-kα。

Wherein, according to the theoretical printing opacity intensity under the different angles of light ring, obtain the theoretical printing opacity groove width under the different angles of light ring, form theoretical printing opacity groove and include: acquiring a value range of the width of the light transmission groove according to the light spot radius of the light source and the set number of the light transmission grooves; specifically, the light source light spot radius r is measured, the number n of the light transmission grooves is set according to requirements, the value range of the width of the light transmission grooves is 0-2 r/n, namely the maximum width of the light transmission grooves is 2r/n, and the minimum width of the light transmission grooves is 0. And at any angle of the aperture, acquiring the width of the initial light-transmitting groove according to the value range of the width of the light-transmitting groove, wherein the width of the initial light-transmitting groove at any angle of the aperture is the median value of the value range, namely r/n. Superposing the light transmission groove and the light source light spot under the initial light transmission groove width, as shown in fig. 7, obtaining the actual light transmission intensity of the aperture at the angle, that is, obtaining the actual light transmission intensity of any position of the aperture when the initial light transmission groove width is r/nLight transmission intensity m_{Practice of}。

Further, according to the actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}And theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}The initial width of the light transmission groove is iteratively corrected to obtain the theoretical width of the light transmission groove, so that the actual light transmission intensity m is within the theoretical width of the light transmission groove_{Practice of}And theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Is less than a preset value. The preset value is set according to the application scene and the requirement of the aperture. Specifically, the actual light transmission intensity m when the aperture is at any position_{Practice of}And theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}When the deviation is larger than or equal to the preset value, the width of the initial light transmission groove is reset, and the actual light transmission intensity m is calculated again_{Practice of}And theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}If the deviation between the two is smaller than the preset value, the width of the light-transmitting groove at the moment is the theoretical width of the light-transmitting groove; if not, the width of the initial light-transmitting groove is continuously set until the actual light-transmitting intensity m_{Practice of}And theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Is less than a preset value.

Further, the actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Less than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Increasing the width of the initial light transmission groove; actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Greater than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}When the light transmittance is increased, the initial light transmittance is decreased. Specifically, when the aperture is at any angle, the initial width of the light-transmitting groove is r/n, and if the actual light-transmitting intensity is m_{Practice of}Less than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Increasing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove to be any value between r/n and 2 r/n; if the actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Greater than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}And then, reducing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove, namely reducing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove to be any value between 0 and r/n.

In a preferred embodiment, the actual transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Less than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}In time, increasing the initial light transmissive groove width comprises: 3/2 increasing the width of the initial light-transmitting groove to the width of the initial light-transmitting groove; actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Greater than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Reducing the initial transmission intensity comprises: the width of the initial light-transmitting groove is reduced to 1/2 of the width of the initial light-transmitting groove. Specifically, the actual light transmission intensity m of the initial light transmission groove width r/n is obtained by the aperture under a certain angle_{Practice of}The theoretical light transmission intensity m of the initial light transmission groove width under the same angle_{Theory of the invention}Comparing, and when the deviation of the two is smaller than a preset value, the initial width of the light transmission groove is the theoretical width of the light transmission groove at the angle; if the angle is smaller, the actual light transmission intensity m of the initial light transmission groove width_{Practice of}The theoretical light transmission intensity m of the initial light transmission groove width under the same angle_{Theory of the invention}When the deviation between the two is larger than or equal to the preset value, the width value range of the light transmission groove is changed from 0-2 r/n to 0-r/n or r/n-2 r/n, namely the actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Less than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Setting the width of the initial light transmission groove as 3r/2 n; at the actual light transmission intensity m_{Practice of}Greater than the theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}Setting the width of the initial light transmission groove as r/2 n; the actual transmission intensity m at the width of the initial transmission groove set as r/2n or 3r/2n is compared again_{Practice of}The theoretical light transmission intensity m of the initial light transmission groove width under the same angle_{Theory of the invention}If the deviation between the initial light transmission groove width and the theoretical light transmission groove width is less than the preset value, the initial light transmission groove width is the theoretical light transmission groove width, if the deviation between the initial light transmission groove width and the theoretical light transmission groove width is greater than or equal to the preset value, iterative correction is continued until the actual intensity m under the initial light transmission groove width_{Practice of}And theoretical light transmission intensity m_{Theory of the invention}The deviation therebetween is smaller than a preset value.

In this embodiment, when the actual light transmittance intensity is smaller than the theoretical light transmittance intensity, the width of the initial light transmittance groove is increased, and when the actual light transmittance intensity is larger than the theoretical light transmittance intensity, the initial light transmittance intensity is reduced without being limited thereto.

Further, the width of theoretical printing opacity groove is less than the position of predetermineeing the width, sets up the through-hole and replaces printing opacity groove and further includes: calculating the area of the part of the theoretical light-transmitting groove with the width smaller than the preset width from one end; when the area of one section of theoretical light-transmitting groove is larger than or equal to the preset area, arranging a through hole to replace the section of theoretical light-transmitting groove; and the area of the through holes is gradually reduced along the direction that the width of the theoretical light transmission groove is gradually reduced.

Due to the limitation of processing precision, the width of the light transmission groove is small, and the light transmission groove cannot be processed or cannot meet the requirement. Based on this, the preset width provided by this embodiment is the minimum width that satisfies the processing precision, and the preset area is the minimum through hole area under the processing precision; specifically, where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the minimum width that can be achieved by machining, the area of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is subjected to fractional integral calculation, that is, s ═ wdl, where s is the area of the theoretical light-transmitting groove with length of l, and w is the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove; and when s is equal to the minimum through hole area which can be achieved by processing, replacing the section of the light-transmitting groove with a through hole at the position of the light-transmitting groove until the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is not less than the minimum width which can be achieved by processing. Wherein, along the direction that the width of theoretical printing opacity groove reduces gradually, the area of a plurality of through-holes diminishes progressively. In a preferred embodiment, the integration may be performed progressively along the position where the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smallest, but the calculation from which position is started is not particularly limited in the present invention.

In this embodiment, the preset width and the preset area are not specifically limited, and the design requirement can be met by processing.

On the basis of the above embodiment, obtaining the width of the theoretical light transmission groove at different angles of the aperture according to the theoretical light transmission intensity at different angles of the aperture, and forming the theoretical light transmission groove further includes: determining the central line of each light-transmitting groove according to the radius of the light spots of the light source, the position of the light spots of the light source and the set number of the light-transmitting grooves; wherein, set up the radial interval between two adjacent light transmission grooves equal, then obtain through the following formula from the center of the diaphragm to the central line of the ith light transmission groove in edge:

r_ithe radius of the center line of the ith light transmission groove from the center to the edge of the diaphragm relative to the circle center of the diaphragm; d is the distance from the circle center of the light transmission groove to the center of the light source facula, r is the radius of the light source facula, and n is the set number of the light transmission grooves.

Specifically, according to the requirement of the application scene of the diaphragm, the radius of the diaphragm is defined to be R, the radius of the light source light spot is R, the distance d from the center of the diaphragm to the center of the light source light spot is R-R, the set number of the light transmission grooves is n, the plurality of light transmission grooves are arranged in the light transmission grooves at equal intervals, and the center line of each light transmission groove is an arc with the center of the diaphragm as the center of the circle. In one embodiment, if i is 1, the radius of the center line of the first light-transmitting groove from the center to the edge of the aperture to the center of the aperture is r_iD-r + r × 2/n +1, which is the radius of the center line of the first light-transmitting groove, the center position of the diaphragm and the radius of the center line of the first light-transmitting groove from the center of the diaphragm to the edge with respect to the center of the diaphragm are known, and thus the center line of the light-transmitting groove can be obtained. Further, the width of the theoretical light transmission groove at each angle of the center line of each theoretical light transmission groove and the aperture can be calculated to obtain the coordinates of each point on two sides of the theoretical light transmission groove, and two adjacent points on each side are connected by a straight line, so that the whole theoretical light transmission groove can be formed, as shown in fig. 6.

Further, based on the above embodiment, the design method of the aperture light-transmitting structure further includes: a full-transparent portion and a full-covered portion of the diaphragm are provided, and referring to fig. 8, the full-transparent portion and the full-covered portion of the diaphragm are provided in the diaphragm, where the full-covered portion of the diaphragm is an assumed full-covered portion, and the position where light is not covered in the actual diaphragm is the full-covered portion. Acquiring the initial position and the final position of a theoretical light transmission groove according to the full-transparent part and the full-covering part of the aperture, wherein the darkest part of the aperture needs to completely cover light spots of a light source, so the tail end of the theoretical light transmission groove is positioned on a shielding circumference; the brightest part of the aperture needs to completely penetrate light spots of the light source, so the head end of the light transmission groove is positioned on a full-penetration circumference; based on the requirement, the starting position and the ending position of the two edges of each light transmission groove at each angle of the aperture can be determined, specifically, the position of the edge curve is corrected according to the angle difference between the starting position and the ending position of each edge of each light transmission groove, so that the theoretical light transmission groove is matched with the full transparent circle and the full shading circle, that is, the starting position and the ending position of the theoretical light transmission groove shown in fig. 6 are set on the full transparent circle and the full shading circle by stretching or compressing the theoretical light transmission groove, as shown in fig. 8.

According to the design method, when the aperture is at any position, the light transmission intensity and the angle of the aperture have a better exponential function relationship, and fluctuation of the light transmission intensity along with the change of the angle of the aperture is avoided when the light source distribution consistency is poor.

In one embodiment, according to the application environment, it is required to design an aperture having 4 theoretical light transmission grooves, the distribution of the light sources is normal distribution, as shown in fig. 3, the distribution variance σ is 10.0, the radius r of the light source of the light spot is 10mm, the distance between the center of the aperture and the center of the light spot of the light source is 30mm, that is, the distance d between the center of the light spot of the light source and the center of the light spot of the light transmission groove is 30mm, when the aperture rotates 300 °, the light transmission is 1/800 when the aperture is fully transparent, that is, the key interval of the aperture is 0-300 °, the relationship between the maximum light transmission intensity and the minimum light transmission intensity is 1/800, and the relationship between the light transmission intensity of the aperture and the aperture angle can refer to fig. 4 and fig. 5, the angular resolution is 1 °, and the machining precision can machine a through hole with a radius of 0.01 mm.

The relationship between the luminance of any one point and the point coordinates is L ═ f (x, y), (x) and (y) according to the light distribution of the light source²+y²＜r²) Integration yields the maximum transmission intensity L_integral＝∫f(x，y)dxdy。

According to a preset functional relationship between the transmission intensity and the aperture angle:

-kα

m＝L_integral×e，

and calculating the theoretical light transmission intensity of the aperture at all angles within 0-300 degrees of the main modulation interval. It is known that the transmission intensity changes by a factor of z for every 1 rotation of the aperture, and that the factor of the transmission intensity change at 300 rotation is z³⁰⁰Converted to logarithm 1/800, the theoretical transmission intensity of the aperture when rotated by 1 ° can be obtained as m (1) ═ L_integral×e^-lg(800)/300In this case, -lg (800)/300 is a proportionality coefficient k, where k is closely related to design requirements, and includes the turning range of the aperture and the multiple relation between the maximum angle and the light transmission within the minimum angle in the turning range, that is, the turning angle range is the same, and the light transmission multiple relation between the minimum angle and the maximum angle is different, and k is different. The value range of the width W of the light-transmitting groove is 0-2 r/n, namely W_max＝2r/n＝5mm，W_minFirst, the median value of the range is calculated as 0 (w)_min+w_max) 2, that is, the initial width W of the light-transmitting groove is 2.5, and a schematic diagram, that is, a mask, of the light source spot and the light-transmitting groove is superimposed, as shown in fig. 7, the mask equation is:

calculating the actual light transmission intensity under the theoretical light transmission groove width,

m＝∫f(x,y)g(x,y)dxdy；

if m_{Practice of}M (1), the lower value of the range of the initial width of the light-transmitting groove is modified to be w_min＝(w_min+w_max) 2, namely the value range of W is 2.5-5 mm, and the median value in the range is calculated again; if m_{Practice of}More than m (1), and the upper value of the value range of the modified initial light-transmitting groove width is w_max＝(w_min+w_max) 2, namely the value range of W is 0-2.5 mm, and the median value is calculated again; continuously iterating until m_{Practice of}The difference between the width of the light transmission groove and the m (1) is less than 0.1, and the width of the light transmission groove at the moment is the width of the theoretical light transmission groove when the aperture is at 1 degree.

In the same manner, the groove width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is calculated by rotating the angle of the diaphragm by 2 ° and 3 ° … … 300 °.

According to the formulaCalculating the central line of each theoretical light-transmitting groove; the width of the theoretical light transmission groove at each angle of the central line and the aperture of the theoretical light transmission groove can be obtainedThe coordinates of each point, two adjacent points on each side are connected by straight lines, and then the whole theoretical light-transmitting groove can be formed, as shown in fig. 6.

Further, the full transparent circle and the full shielding circle are placed, and the starting position and the ending position of the theoretical light transmission groove are matched with the full transparent circle and the full shielding circle through stretching or compression, namely, the side line of the theoretical light transmission groove is stretched to the full transparent circle and the full shielding circle according to the angle proportion, as shown in fig. 8.

Due to the limitation of the processing precision, the through hole with the minimum processing radius of 0.01mm is processed. And when the width of the theoretical light-transmitting groove is smaller than the preset width of 0.01mm, arranging a through hole to replace the theoretical light-transmitting groove. The preset width in the present invention is set according to the requirement, and is not limited to this, and may be any width. Starting from the narrowest point of the theoretical light-transmitting groove width, progressively integrating the area of the light-transmitting groove, i.e. s ═ wdl, the integrated area s is greater than pi (0.01)²When in use, a round hole with the radius of 0.01mm is arranged at the position; when the width of the light-transmitting groove is more than 0.02, the integral area s is more than pi (0.02)²Placing a round hole with the radius of 0.02 mm; and by analogy, the radius of the hole is increased until the width of the theoretical light transmission groove is larger than or equal to 0.01mm, and at the moment, the width of the theoretical light transmission groove is within the processing capacity range, and referring to fig. 9 and fig. 10, the aperture meeting the actual requirement can be obtained.

According to the design method of the light-transmitting structure of the diaphragm, the through hole is adopted to replace the part of the width of the light-transmitting groove which does not meet the processing precision, so that when the light intensity of the diaphragm is small, a plurality of through holes are formed in the diaphragm for transmitting light, and the light-transmitting intensity and the angle of the diaphragm have a good exponential function relationship; when the light distribution consistency of the light source is poor, the light intensity curve can not obviously fluctuate, and the observation is prevented from being influenced.

The invention also provides a diaphragm 1 which comprises a diaphragm body, wherein the diaphragm body is provided with a full through hole 3 and a light-transmitting structure, the light-transmitting structure comprises light-transmitting grooves 2 and through holes 4, the light-transmitting grooves 2 are distributed equidistantly along the radial direction of the diaphragm 1, specifically, the light-transmitting structure is arranged between a full through part 7 and a full shading part 6, the full through part 7 is a part shown by the full through hole 3, the widths of the light-transmitting grooves 2 are equal, the light-transmitting grooves are distributed along the radial direction of the diaphragm 1, and the distance between any two adjacent light-transmitting grooves is equal. The central line of printing opacity groove 2 is circular-arcly, and the head end of printing opacity groove 2 meets with full through-hole 3, and the tail end of printing opacity groove 2 meets and is equipped with a plurality of through-holes 4, and along the direction that the width of printing opacity groove reduces gradually, and the area of a plurality of through-holes reduces gradually. Specifically, the center line of light trap 2 is with the center of light ring 1 as the centre of a circle to the radius of 2 center lines of light trap draws the arc, and the head end of light trap 2 links to each other with full through-hole 3, and the tail end of every light trap 2 connects and is equipped with a plurality of through-holes, along the direction that the light trap width reduces gradually, and the area of a plurality of through-holes 4 reduces gradually, and printing opacity intensity reduces gradually.

Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are respectively arranged inside the full through hole 3 and the at least one light transmitting groove 2. As shown in fig. 9, specifically, the inside of the through hole 3 is provided with a reinforcing rib 5, which can reinforce the connection between the through hole and the aperture body and between the through hole 3 and the light-transmitting groove 2; the reinforcing ribs 5 are arranged in the at least one light transmission groove 2, so that the support between the light transmission groove 2 and the diaphragm body can be enhanced, and the stability is improved. The number and positions of the ribs inside the through-hole 3 and the at least one light-transmitting groove 2 are not particularly limited in the present invention, and stability can be satisfied. In addition, the size of the reinforcing rib is not particularly limited, and the reinforcing rib can be set according to requirements without influencing the light transmission strength. Wherein such an aperture may be applied to an endoscope.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.