阅读说明：本技术 一种强制内通风的异步电动机及通风方法 (Forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor and ventilation method ) 是由 徐东旭 乔凯 徐东山 张英超 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种强制内通风的异步电动机及通风方法,它包括：下风扇,从异步电动机的后端盖的进风口吸入气流并吹出,下风扇吹出的气流分为外流和内流,外流吹入定子和电机壳之间的通风道,通风道引流至出风口吹出,内流吹入转子和定子之间的间隙；上风扇,从转子和定子之间的间隙吸入内流并吹向异步电动机的前端盖,前端盖引流至出风口吹出；出风口形成于前端盖顶壁空腔与电机壳外壁之间形成的间隔处,出风口吹出的气流沿电机壳的外壁竖向吹出。本发明结构设计优异,因改变了出风口方向得到了更广泛应用,为提高通风效率提供了保障；实现电机内外的全面散热、均匀化散热；提升能源利用率；不需要额外占用空间前提下实现提升通风效率。(The invention discloses an asynchronous motor with forced internal ventilation and a ventilation method, comprising the following steps: the lower fan sucks air flow from an air inlet of a rear end cover of the asynchronous motor and blows the air flow out, the air flow blown out by the lower fan is divided into outer flow and inner flow, the outer flow is blown into an air duct between the stator and the motor shell, the air duct is guided to an air outlet and blown out, and the inner flow is blown into a gap between the rotor and the stator; the upper fan sucks in the inner flow from the gap between the rotor and the stator and blows the inner flow to the front end cover of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover is drained to the air outlet and blows the air out; the air outlet is formed at the interval between the cavity of the top wall of the front end cover and the outer wall of the motor shell, and airflow blown out from the air outlet is vertically blown out along the outer wall of the motor shell. The invention has excellent structural design, is widely applied due to the change of the direction of the air outlet, and provides guarantee for improving the ventilation efficiency; the comprehensive heat dissipation and uniform heat dissipation inside and outside the motor are realized; the energy utilization rate is improved; the ventilation efficiency is improved on the premise of not needing extra occupied space.)

1. An internal-forced-ventilation asynchronous motor, characterized in that: it includes:

the lower fan (1) sucks air flow from an air inlet (5) of a rear end cover (3) of the asynchronous motor and blows the air flow out, the air flow blown out by the lower fan (1) is divided into outer flow and inner flow, the outer flow blows into an air channel (10) between a stator (7) and a motor shell (9), the air channel (10) is drained to an air outlet (6) and blows out the air flow into a gap between a rotor (8) and the stator (7);

the upper fan (2) sucks in internal flow from a gap between the rotor (8) and the stator (7) and blows the internal flow to a front end cover (4) of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover (4) guides the flow to the air outlet (6) to blow out;

the air outlet (6) is formed in a gap formed between a top wall cavity of the front end cover (4) and the outer wall of the motor casing (9), and air flow blown out from the air outlet (6) is vertically blown out along the outer wall of the motor casing (9).

2. The forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: through the tang location between motor casing (9) and front end housing (4), the upper end of motor casing (9) has outer tang, and the roof of front end housing (4) is provided with cover type cavity, is provided with interior tang in the cover type cavity, and outer tang and interior tang mutually support, form air outlet (6) between cover type cavity and motor casing (9) outer wall outside being located the tang circle, and circulation groove (11) are seted up to the position that corresponds ventiduct (10) on the interior tang, and circulation groove (11) intercommunication ventiduct (10) and air outlet (6).

3. The forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower fan (1) and the upper fan (2) are axial flow fans arranged on a shaft (12) inside the asynchronous motor, the upper end of the shaft (12) is positioned on the front end cover (4) through an upper bearing (13), the lower end of the shaft (12) is positioned on the rear end cover (3) through a lower bearing (14), the diameter of the lower fan (1) is larger than that of the upper fan (2), the lower fan (1) is positioned below the lower end part of a winding of the stator (7), and the upper fan (2) is positioned above the rotor (8) and on the inner side of the upper end part of the winding of the stator (7).

4. A forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the centrifugal switch (15) is coaxially arranged at one end of the shaft (12) protruding out of the rear end cover (3), and a bottom plate of the centrifugal switch (15) is connected with the rear end cover (3).

5. The forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the air inlet (5) of the rear end cover (3) is an annular air inlet, and the rear end cover (3) is further provided with a wire outlet hole (16).

6. The forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: a circle of iron core positioning table (17) protruding out of the inner wall is arranged on the inner wall of the motor casing (9) along the horizontal position, the stator (7) is arranged above the iron core positioning table (17), a thread hole is formed in the side wall of the motor casing (9) in a penetrating mode, and an iron core fixing jackscrew (18) used for fixing the stator (7) is arranged in the thread hole in a matching mode.

7. The forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor is characterized in that the ventilation duct (10) of the motor is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the motor shell (9), and the ventilation duct (10) is provided with at least four ventilation ducts in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the motor shell (9).

8. A ventilation method of an asynchronous motor with forced internal ventilation, characterized in that:

starting a motor, enabling a rotating magnetic field generated between a stator (7) and a rotor (8) to drive a shaft (12) to rotate, further coaxially driving a lower fan (1) and an upper fan (2) on the shaft (12), enabling the lower fan (1) to suck air flow from an air inlet (5) of a rear end cover (3) of an asynchronous motor and blow the air flow out, dividing the air flow blown out by the lower fan (1) into an outer flow and an inner flow, blowing the outer flow into an air duct (10) between the stator (7) and a motor shell (9), carrying out heat exchange between the stator (7) and the motor shell (9) to change the temperature, further conducting the air flow guided to an air outlet (6) through the air duct (10) to blow out the air after the heat exchange, blowing the inner flow into a gap between the rotor (8) and the stator (7), and carrying out the heat exchange between the rotor (8) and the stator (7) to change the temperature; the upper fan (2) sucks in internal flow from a gap between the rotor (8) and the stator (7) and blows the internal flow to a front end cover (4) of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover (4) guides the flow to an air outlet (6) to blow out air after heat exchange;

the air outlet (6) is formed in a space formed between a top wall cavity of the front end cover (4) and the outer wall of the motor casing (9), airflow blown out from the air outlet (6) is blown out vertically along the outer wall of the motor casing (9), heat exchange is carried out vertically on the outer wall of the motor casing (9), and a ventilation method for changing the temperature by synchronously and forcibly exhausting air inside and outside the motor casing (9) for heat exchange is formed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to an asynchronous motor with forced internal ventilation and a ventilation method.

Background

The problems of motor demagnetization and rusting are traced to the source, the problem that the motor is hot and rusty is easily found, the performance of the motor is reduced due to high temperature, and the motor demagnetization is a gradual process, for example, the high temperature in a general N-series neodymium iron boron magnet is 80 ℃, but the demagnetization starts slowly at the temperature of more than 60 ℃, so that how to effectively reduce the temperature in the motor is very important for ensuring the long-time use of the motor.

Although the existing motor is designed by many skills for avoiding overheating of the motor, the essential task of cooling the motor is to dissipate heat generated by internal loss of the motor, maintain the temperature rise of each part of the motor within a range specified by a standard and strive for uniformization of internal temperature, and the existing motor usually adopts gas or liquid as a cooling medium for air cooling or water cooling. The water cooling is usually carried out by water jacket type cooling and heat exchanger cooling, the cooling effect is good, but the cost is higher. Common air cooling methods include totally-enclosed air cooling and open-type air cooling; the design of the air cooling fan is divided into external ventilation and internal ventilation on the principle that the maximum cooling effect is obtained by the minimum loss, wherein the internal ventilation is realized by an internal fan, and the internal ventilation has the defects that the homogenization of the ventilation cannot be ensured, the effective heat dissipation of each part of the motor is realized, and the heat dissipation cannot be performed on the outside of the motor; the outer ventilation is that the wind that the fan produced is installed additional to the surface outside cools off, and the shortcoming is that the outside air can not get into the part that the band motor is inside to generate heat, and the design scheme that current interior ventilation and outer ventilation had simultaneously must increase special heat sink and realize, has so both increased the cost of manufacture and increased area, does not possess the marketing power.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor and a ventilation method.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an internal-forced-ventilation asynchronous motor comprising:

the lower fan sucks air flow from an air inlet of a rear end cover of the asynchronous motor and blows the air flow out, the air flow blown out by the lower fan is divided into outer flow and inner flow, the outer flow is blown into an air duct between the stator and the motor shell, the air duct is guided to an air outlet and blown out, and the inner flow is blown into a gap between the rotor and the stator;

the upper fan sucks in the inner flow from the gap between the rotor and the stator and blows the inner flow to the front end cover of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover is drained to the air outlet and blows the air out;

the air outlet is formed at the interval between the cavity of the top wall of the front end cover and the outer wall of the motor shell, and airflow blown out from the air outlet is vertically blown out along the outer wall of the motor shell.

Furthermore, the motor casing and the front end cover are positioned through the seam allowance, the upper end of the motor casing is provided with an outer seam allowance, the top wall of the front end cover is provided with a cover-shaped cavity, an inner seam allowance is arranged in the cover-shaped cavity, the outer seam allowance and the inner seam allowance are matched with each other, an air outlet is formed between the cover-shaped cavity outside the inner seam allowance ring and the outer wall of the motor casing, a circulation groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the air channel, on the inner seam allowance, and the circulation groove is communicated with the air channel and the air outlet.

Further, the lower fan and the upper fan are axial flow fans arranged on a shaft in the asynchronous motor, the upper end of the shaft is positioned on the front end cover through an upper bearing, the lower end of the shaft is positioned on the rear end cover through a lower bearing, the diameter of the lower fan is larger than that of the upper fan, the lower fan is positioned below the lower end portion of a winding of the stator, and the upper fan is positioned above the rotor and on the inner side of the upper end portion of the winding of the stator.

Furthermore, a centrifugal switch is coaxially arranged at one end of the axon, which extends out of the rear end cover, and a bottom plate of the centrifugal switch is connected with the rear end cover.

Furthermore, the air inlet of the rear end cover is an annular air inlet, and the rear end cover is also provided with a wire outlet hole.

Furthermore, a circle of iron core positioning table protruding out of the inner wall is arranged on the inner wall of the motor casing along the horizontal position, the stator is arranged above the iron core positioning table, a threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the motor casing in a penetrating mode, and an iron core fixing jackscrew used for fixing the stator is arranged in the threaded hole in a matching mode.

Further, the air duct of motor is vertical along the motor casing inner wall and is provided with not less than four in the circumference of motor casing inner wall.

A ventilation method of an internal forced ventilation asynchronous motor comprises the following steps:

starting a motor, enabling a rotating magnetic field generated between a stator and a rotor to drive a shaft to rotate, and further coaxially driving a lower fan and an upper fan on the shaft, wherein the lower fan sucks air flow from an air inlet of a rear end cover of an asynchronous motor and blows the air flow out, the air flow blown out by the lower fan is divided into outer flow and inner flow, the outer flow is blown into an air duct between the stator and a motor shell, heat exchange is carried out between the stator and the motor shell to change the temperature, then the air after heat exchange is blown out from an air outlet through the air duct, the inner flow is blown into a gap between the rotor and the stator, and heat exchange is carried out between the rotor and the stator to change the temperature; the upper fan sucks in the inner flow from the gap between the rotor and the stator and blows the inner flow to the front end cover of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover is drained to the air outlet to blow out the air after heat exchange;

the air outlet is formed in the interval between the top wall cavity of the front end cover and the outer wall of the motor shell, airflow blown out of the air outlet is blown out vertically along the outer wall of the motor shell, heat exchange is carried out in the vertical direction of the outer wall of the motor shell, and a ventilation method for changing the temperature by carrying out heat exchange on the inside and the outside of the motor shell through synchronous strong air exhaust is formed.

The invention discloses an asynchronous motor with forced internal ventilation and a ventilation method, and the asynchronous motor has the advantages that:

1. the top wall of the front end cover is provided with a cover-shaped cavity, part of inner rabbets are removed, the cover-shaped cavity is communicated with the air outlet and the ventilation channel to form a passage and is also communicated with a gap between the rotor and the stator to ensure the full coverage of the circulation passage in the motor, the cover-shaped cavity simulates the movement direction design of air flow, the collection and the flow guiding of the air flow from different channels are facilitated, the aerodynamics are met, the smooth discharge is ensured, and the structural design provides guarantee for improving the ventilation efficiency;

2. the upper fan and the lower fan are adopted to carry out strong air exhaust on the channel and the ventilation duct between the rotor and the stator in a targeted manner, the air flow of the channel between the rotor and the stator passes through, the upper fan mainly sucks air, the lower fan assists in discharging air, and the temperature between the rotor and the stator is effectively reduced; the air flow of the ventilation duct is mainly discharged by the lower fan, and the driving force is provided for the air flow collected by the upper fan on the top wall of the front end cover to be discharged out of the air outlet, so that the ventilation efficiency is greatly improved;

3. realized through ingenious design when carrying out ventilation cooling in inside, the cooling method to the motor casing outer wall simultaneously at the air outlet, need not increase under extra exhaust device's the prerequisite, the advantage of interior ventilation and outer ventilation has been combined, effectively cool off the inside and outside temperature of motor, overcome the drawback that outer ventilation mode needs increase the device at the motor casing outer wall, and set up out the line hole at the rear end cap, controlling means, accessories such as condenser are installed in the below of motor casing, the space of motor casing outer wall has been liberated, be favorable to the inside and outside comprehensive heat dissipation of motor, the homogenization heat dissipation.

3. The driving force of the upper fan and the lower fan utilizes the automatic rotary driving force of the motor, namely, the mode of working and exhausting air is utilized when the fan works, so that the best use is achieved, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

4. Go up the fan and all install inside the motor casing with lower fan, do not need to realize promoting ventilation efficiency under the extra occupation space prerequisite moreover.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the front end cap of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a lower fan; 2. an upper fan; 3. a rear end cap; 4. a front end cover; 5. an air inlet; 6. an air outlet; 7. a stator; 8. a rotor; 9. a motor housing; 10. an air duct; 11. a circulation tank; 12. a shaft; 13. an upper bearing; 14. a lower bearing; 15. a centrifugal switch; 16. a wire outlet hole; 17. an iron core positioning table; 18. the iron core fixes the jackscrew.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The forced internal ventilation asynchronous motor shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises: the frame, the stator that has the winding in the frame, the rotor, the upper and lower front end housing and the rear end cap of being connected with of frame, fix a position through the tang between motor casing 9 and the front end housing 4, the upper end of motor casing 9 has outer tang, the roof of front end housing 4 is provided with cover type cavity, be provided with interior tang in the cover type cavity, outer tang and interior tang mutually support, it forms air outlet 6 to be located between outer cover type cavity of tang circle and the motor casing 9 outer wall, circulation groove 11 is seted up to the position that corresponds ventiduct 10 on the interior tang, circulation groove 11 intercommunication ventiduct 10 and air outlet 6.

The asynchronous motor is characterized by further comprising a lower fan 1 and an upper fan 2, wherein the lower fan 1 and the upper fan 2 are axial flow fans arranged on a shaft 12 inside the asynchronous motor, the upper end of the shaft 12 is positioned on the front end cover 4 through an upper bearing 13, the lower end of the shaft 12 is positioned on the rear end cover 3 through a lower bearing 14, the shaft 12 protrudes out of one end of the rear end cover 3 and is coaxially provided with a centrifugal switch 15, a bottom plate of the centrifugal switch 15 is connected with the rear end cover 3, and a wire outlet 16 is further formed in the rear end cover 3. The diameter of the lower fan 1 is larger than that of the upper fan 2, the wind pressure generated by the small diameter of the upper fan is small, the wind pressure generated by the large diameter of the lower fan is large, the lower fan 1 is located below the lower end part of the winding of the stator 7, and the upper fan 2 is located above the rotor 8 and located on the inner side of the upper end part of the winding of the stator 7. A circle of iron core positioning table 17 protruding out of the inner wall is arranged on the inner wall of the motor casing 9 along the horizontal position, the stator 7 is arranged above the iron core positioning table 17, a threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the motor casing 9 in a penetrating mode, and an iron core fixing jackscrew 18 used for fixing the stator 7 is arranged in the threaded hole in a matching mode.

The lower fan 1 sucks air flow from an air inlet 5 of a rear end cover 3 of the asynchronous motor and blows the air flow out, the air inlet 5 of the rear end cover 3 is an annular air inlet, the air flow blown out by the lower fan 1 is divided into outer flow and inner flow, the outer flow is blown into an air channel 10 between a stator 7 and a motor shell 9, the air channel 10 is guided to an air outlet 6 and blown out, and the inner flow is blown into a gap between a rotor 8 and the stator 7; the air duct 10 of the motor is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the motor casing 9, and the number of the air ducts 10 in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the motor casing 9 is not less than four.

The upper fan 2 sucks in internal flow from a gap between the rotor 8 and the stator 7 and blows the internal flow to the front end cover 4 of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover 4 guides the flow to the air outlet 6 to blow out;

the air outlet 6 is formed at the interval between the cavity on the top wall of the front end cover 4 and the outer wall of the motor casing 9, and the airflow blown out from the air outlet 6 is vertically blown out along the outer wall of the motor casing 9.

A ventilation method of an internal forced ventilation asynchronous motor comprises the following steps:

starting a motor, enabling a rotating magnetic field generated between a stator 7 and a rotor 8 to drive a shaft 12 to rotate, further coaxially driving a lower fan 1 and an upper fan 2 on the shaft 12, enabling the lower fan 1 to suck air flow from an air inlet 5 of a rear end cover 3 of an asynchronous motor and blow the air flow out, enabling the air flow blown out by the lower fan 1 to be divided into outer flow and inner flow, enabling the outer flow to blow into an air duct 10 between the stator 7 and a motor shell 9, carrying out heat exchange between the stator 7 and the motor shell 9 to change the temperature, further conducting flow to an air outlet 6 through the air duct 10 to blow out air after heat exchange, enabling the inner flow to blow into a gap between the rotor 8 and the stator 7, and carrying out heat exchange between the rotor 8 and the stator 7 to change the temperature; the upper fan 2 sucks in internal flow from a gap between the rotor 8 and the stator 7 and blows the internal flow to the front end cover 4 of the asynchronous motor, and the front end cover 4 guides the flow to the air outlet 6 to blow out the air after heat exchange;

the air outlet 6 is formed at an interval formed between a top wall cavity of the front end cover 4 and the outer wall of the motor casing 9, airflow blown out from the air outlet 6 is blown out vertically along the outer wall of the motor casing 9, heat exchange is carried out vertically on the outer wall of the motor casing 9, and a ventilation method for changing the temperature by carrying out heat exchange on inside and outside the motor casing 9 through synchronous strong air exhaust is formed.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the top wall of the front end cover is provided with a cover-shaped cavity, part of inner rabbets are removed, the cover-shaped cavity is communicated with the air outlet and the ventilation channel to form a passage and is also communicated with a gap between the rotor and the stator to ensure the full coverage of the circulation passage in the motor, the cover-shaped cavity simulates the movement direction design of air flow, the collection and the flow guiding of the air flow from different channels are facilitated, the aerodynamics are met, the smooth discharge is ensured, and the structural design provides guarantee for improving the ventilation efficiency;

2. the passage and the ventilation channel between the rotor and the stator are subjected to strong wind beating by adopting an upper fan and a lower fan, the airflow of the passage between the rotor and the stator passes through, the upper fan is mainly used for sucking, and the lower fan is used for auxiliary discharging, so that the temperature between the rotor and the stator is effectively reduced; the air flow of the ventilation duct is mainly discharged by the lower fan, and the driving force is provided for the air flow collected by the upper fan on the top wall of the front end cover to be discharged out of the air outlet, so that the ventilation efficiency is greatly improved;

3. realized through ingenious design when carrying out ventilation cooling in inside, the cooling method to the motor casing outer wall simultaneously at the air outlet, need not increase under extra exhaust device's the prerequisite, the advantage of interior ventilation and outer ventilation has been combined, effectively cool off the inside and outside temperature of motor, overcome the drawback that outer ventilation mode needs increase the device at the motor casing outer wall, and set up out the line hole at the rear end cap, controlling means, accessories such as condenser are installed in the below of motor casing, the space of motor casing outer wall has been liberated, be favorable to the inside and outside comprehensive heat dissipation of motor, the homogenization heat dissipation.

3. The driving force of the upper fan and the lower fan utilizes the automatic rotary driving force of the motor, namely, the mode of working and exhausting air is utilized when the fan works, so that the best use is achieved, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

4. Go up the fan and all install inside the motor casing with lower fan, do not need to realize promoting ventilation efficiency under the extra occupation space prerequisite moreover.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.