阅读说明：本技术 一种非洲菊专用ab水溶配方肥及其制备方法 (AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for gerbera jamesonii and preparation method thereof ) 是由 武华周 娄德钊 王树昌 耿涛 卢芙萍 刘西廷 于 2021-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种非洲菊专用AB水溶配方肥及其制备方法,为非洲菊提供专用AB水溶肥,其中A肥包括硝酸钙737～760份、硝酸铵103～117份、二乙烯三胺五乙酸铁钠或硫酸铁33～42份；B肥包括磷酸二氢钾160～180份、硫酸镁245～258份、硫酸钾42～45份、硝酸钾269～279份、硫酸锰0.80～0.85份、硫酸锌1.07～1.18份、硼酸2.85～2.94份、硫酸铜0.17～0.21份、钼酸钠0.10～0.15份。该水溶肥能够有效增加花产量和质量,提高瓶插寿命,减少弯头花,降低花断枝率,且具有节水、节肥的优势,充分满足了非洲菊生长周期内养分需求,为花农提供了巨大经济效益。(The invention discloses a special AB water-soluble formula fertilizer for gerbera jamesonii and a preparation method thereof, and provides a special AB water-soluble fertilizer for the gerbera jamesonii, wherein the fertilizer A comprises 737-760 parts of calcium nitrate, 103-117 parts of ammonium nitrate, and 33-42 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium or ferric sulfate; the fertilizer B comprises 160-180 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 245-258 parts of magnesium sulfate, 42-45 parts of potassium sulfate, 269-279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.80-0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.07-1.18 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85-2.94 parts of boric acid, 0.17-0.21 part of copper sulfate and 0.10-0.15 part of sodium molybdate. The water-soluble fertilizer can effectively increase the yield and the quality of flowers, prolong the service life of vase, reduce bent flowers and reduce the flower branch breaking rate, has the advantages of water saving and fertilizer saving, fully meets the nutrient requirement in the growth cycle of the gerbera jamesonii, and provides great economic benefit for flower growers.)

1. The AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for the gerbera jamesonii is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

fertilizer A: 737-760 parts of calcium nitrate, 103-117 parts of ammonium nitrate, and 33-42 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt or ferric sulfate;

b, fertilizer B: 160-180 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 245-258 parts of magnesium sulfate, 42-45 parts of potassium sulfate, 269-279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.80-0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.07-1.18 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85-2.94 parts of boric acid, 0.17-0.21 part of copper sulfate and 0.10-0.15 part of sodium molybdate.

2. The AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for gerbera jamesonii according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

fertilizer A: 737-760 parts of calcium nitrate, 103-117 parts of ammonium nitrate and 33-42 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt;

b, fertilizer B: 160-180 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 245-258 parts of magnesium sulfate, 42-45 parts of potassium sulfate, 269-279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.80-0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.07-1.18 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85-2.94 parts of boric acid, 0.17-0.21 part of copper sulfate and 0.10-0.15 part of sodium molybdate.

3. The AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for gerbera jamesonii according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

fertilizer A: 748 parts of calcium nitrate, 110 parts of ammonium nitrate and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt;

b, fertilizer B: 170 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 246 parts of magnesium sulfate, 44 parts of potassium sulfate, 279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.15 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85 parts of boric acid, 0.19 part of copper sulfate and 0.12 part of sodium molybdate.

4. The preparation method of the African daisy special AB water-soluble formula fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) taking raw materials of the fertilizer A, adding water, fully diluting and dissolving the fertilizer A and the water according to the mass-volume ratio kg/L of 1:100 to obtain a fertilizer A solution;

(2) taking raw materials of the fertilizer B, adding water, fully diluting and dissolving the fertilizer B and the water according to the mass-volume ratio kg/L of 1:100 to obtain a fertilizer B solution;

(3) evenly mixing A, B fertilizer liquid, calculating the total volume, and diluting again by 10 times to obtain the final fertilizer liquid.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to an AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for gerbera jamesonii and a preparation method thereof.

Background

African chrysanthemum also called Fulang flower and sunflower is native to south Africa, and because of its large flowers, tall and straight branches, rich flower color, and all year round production of fresh flowers in warm areas, it becomes one of the five fresh cut flowers in the world, and has been widely cultivated at home and abroad. The traditional fertilization of the gerbera jamesonii is mainly carried out by taking a compound fertilizer and spraying urea, and the problems of color difference of flowers, high breakage rate of flowering branches, high bent stem rate, short bottle cutting service life and the like are easily caused.

A great deal of research is carried out on African daisy fertilizers in the industry, but a special African daisy fertilizer capable of effectively solving the problems is not found. For example, the influence of 4 solid fertilizers on the yield and the quality of the gerbera jamesonii is researched in 'the first report of the fertilizer type on the effect test of the gerbera jamesonii' (cinnamyl, 2006), and the test result shows that the special fertilizer for flowers 2#, the stone magnesium compound fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer and the magic score are applied around the rhizosphere of the gerbera jamesonii for 2 times, and the effects of the fertilizers have no obvious difference. The research of the application of the slow-release capsule fertilizer to the gerbera jamesonii (Xupeizhi, 2008) discusses the influence of 3 slow-release capsule fertilizers developed by the research institute of soil fertilizers of Guangdong province academy of agricultural sciences on the growth and development of ornamental flowers. The results show that the 3 slow release capsule fertilizers can stably promote the growth and development of the gerbera jamesonii, wherein the effect of the slow release capsule fertilizer No. 2 is the best, the yield of the gerbera jamesonii cut flower can be obviously improved under the condition of reducing the application amount by 25 percent compared with the conventional fertilization, and the appearance quality and the vase life of the cut flower are not different from those of the conventional fertilization.

Therefore, the current research mainly focuses on screening of traditional flower fertilizers, and the traditional fertilizers are solid fertilizers which can promote the growth and development of the gerbera jamesonii to a certain extent, but the problems of breakage rate, bent stalk rate and the like are not effectively solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for the gerbera jamesonii and the preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme of the invention mainly comprises the following contents:

the special AB water-soluble formula fertilizer for the gerbera jamesonii comprises the following components in parts by weight:

fertilizer A: 737-760 parts of calcium nitrate, 103-117 parts of ammonium nitrate, and 33-42 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt or ferric sulfate;

b, fertilizer B: 160-180 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 245-258 parts of magnesium sulfate, 42-45 parts of potassium sulfate, 269-279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.80-0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.07-1.18 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85-2.94 parts of boric acid, 0.17-0.21 part of copper sulfate and 0.10-0.15 part of sodium molybdate.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

fertilizer A: 737-760 parts of calcium nitrate, 103-117 parts of ammonium nitrate and 33-42 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt;

b, fertilizer B: 160-180 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 245-258 parts of magnesium sulfate, 42-45 parts of potassium sulfate, 269-279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.80-0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.07-1.18 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85-2.94 parts of boric acid, 0.17-0.21 part of copper sulfate and 0.10-0.15 part of sodium molybdate.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

fertilizer A: 748 parts of calcium nitrate, 110 parts of ammonium nitrate and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt;

b, fertilizer B: 170 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 246 parts of magnesium sulfate, 44 parts of potassium sulfate, 279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.15 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85 parts of boric acid, 0.19 part of copper sulfate and 0.12 part of sodium molybdate.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the AB water-soluble formula fertilizer special for the gerbera jamesonii, which comprises the following steps:

(1) taking raw materials of the fertilizer A, adding water, fully diluting and dissolving the fertilizer A and the water according to the mass-volume ratio kg/L of 1:100 to obtain a fertilizer A solution;

(2) taking raw materials of the fertilizer B, adding water, fully diluting and dissolving the fertilizer B and the water according to the mass-volume ratio kg/L of 1:100 to obtain a fertilizer B solution;

(3) evenly mixing A, B fertilizer liquid, calculating the total volume, and diluting again by 10 times to obtain the final fertilizer liquid.

The invention has the following effects:

the special AB water-soluble fertilizer is provided for the gerbera jamesonii, the special AB water-soluble fertilizer is based on calcium nitrate and added with a proper amount of fertilizer A containing nitrogen and chelated iron, and the special AB water-soluble fertilizer is matched with fertilizer B containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate and trace elements such as zinc, copper, manganese and the like, so that the yield and the quality of flowers can be effectively increased, the service life of vase is prolonged, bent flowers are reduced, the flower breaking rate is reduced, the special AB water-soluble fertilizer has the advantages of water saving and fertilizer saving, the nutrient requirement in the growth cycle of the gerbera jamesonii is fully met, and great economic benefits are provided for florists.

The fertilizer has good water solubility of raw materials, high solubility and no generation of solid residues, is suitable for water-saving and fertilizer-saving facility agriculture such as drip irrigation and the like, and does not generate precipitates after the raw materials which are easy to generate precipitation reaction are separately dissolved and are uniformly mixed again.

The raw materials selected by the invention have extremely strong water solubility, low water content and impurities and are easy to store.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

The detection method of each index in the following experiment comprises the following steps:

the service life of the bottle insert is as follows: 100 African daisy strains are randomly picked and inserted into tap water, the number of days for bottle insertion is measured, and the average value is taken. The breaking of the flower stem or the withering of 50% of the petals of the whole flower is taken as the index of the termination of the vase life.

And (3) flower diameter: refers to the diameter of the inflorescence when it is full. 10 measurements were randomly selected and averaged.

The branch breaking rate is as follows: the proportion of broken branches to the number of all branches. 100 African daisy strains are randomly drawn for statistics.

The bending percentage: the flower stalks are bent towards one side to form an included angle of 5-90 degrees, and the stalk bending phenomenon is shown. The bending rate is that bending stem plants/total plants are multiplied by 100 percent

Flower yield: planting African daisy seedlings in 8 months, continuously applying fertilizer in a drip irrigation mode, and counting the flower yield in the month in 1 month.

Experimental example 1 Effect of different Nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and quality of African daisy

Treatment group 1:

fertilizer A: 748 parts of calcium nitrate, 110 parts of ammonium nitrate and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt;

b, fertilizer B: 170 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 246 parts of magnesium sulfate, 44 parts of potassium sulfate, 279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.15 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85 parts of boric acid, 0.19 part of copper sulfate and 0.12 part of sodium molybdate;

treatment group 2:

fertilizer A: 760 parts of calcium nitrate, 103 parts of ammonium nitrate and 33 parts of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium;

b, fertilizer B: 160 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 258 parts of magnesium sulfate, 42 parts of potassium sulfate, 279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.80 part of manganese sulfate, 1.18 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.94 parts of boric acid, 0.17 part of copper sulfate and 0.15 part of sodium molybdate;

treatment group 3:

fertilizer A: 737 parts of calcium nitrate, 117 parts of ammonium nitrate and 42 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium;

b, fertilizer B: 180 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 245 parts of magnesium sulfate, 45 parts of potassium sulfate, 269 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.07 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.80 parts of boric acid, 0.21 part of copper sulfate and 0.10 part of sodium molybdate;

control group:

fertilizer A: 356 parts of urea, 502 parts of calcium chloride and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium;

b, fertilizer B: 170 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 246 parts of magnesium sulfate, 44 parts of potassium sulfate, 279 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.15 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85 parts of boric acid, 0.19 part of copper sulfate and 0.12 part of sodium molybdate;

preparing a fertilizer solution:

(1) adding the fertilizer A into a drying container according to the proportion of the raw materials, calculating the total mass of the fertilizer A, adding water with the volume of 100 times of the total mass of the fertilizer A, and fully diluting and dissolving;

(2) adding the fertilizer B into a drying container according to the proportion of the raw materials, calculating the total mass of the fertilizer B, adding water with the volume of 100 times of the total mass of the fertilizer B, and fully diluting and dissolving;

(3) and uniformly mixing the AB fertilizer solution, calculating the total volume, and diluting by 10 times to obtain the final fertilizer solution.

The test is carried out in a seven-team greenhouse of a Tankun Nomura test field in Baozhou City, a fertilizer application mode is drip irrigation, the planting specification is 25cm multiplied by 30cm, the flower yield (count/20 strains/month), the flower diameter and the vase life of four varieties of the African daisy, such as Yunnan red, the gouache, the big kumquat, the honey and the like are counted in 1 month of 2021 year, and the result shows that the African daisy is superior to a control in the flower yield and the flower grade (Table 1).

TABLE 1 Effect of different nitrogenous fertilizers on African daisy yield and quality

Experimental example 2 Effect of different iron on the yield and quality of African daisy

Treatment group: group 1 was treated as in example 1.

Control group: in the fertilizer A, 38 parts of iron sulfate is replaced by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium, and other components are the same as those in the treatment group 1 in the example 1; fertilizer B was the same as treatment group 1 of example 1.

Preparing a fertilizer solution: the same as in example 1.

The test is carried out in a seven-team greenhouse in a test field of Baozaoxincun in Taanda, Tanjiao, the fertilization mode is drip irrigation, the flower yield (20 strains per month), the flower diameter and the vase life of four varieties of African daisy, Yunnan red, gouache, kumquat, honey and the like in 2021 month are counted, and the result shows that the African daisy absorbs the diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium more easily, so that the plant growth is promoted, and the flower yield and the flower quality are improved (Table 2).

TABLE 2 Effect of different iron on African daisy production and quality

Example 3 Effect of phosphorus on African Chrysanthemum yield and quality

Treatment group: group 1 was treated as in example 1.

Control group: fertilizer a was treated in group 1 as in example 1; b, fertilizer B: 516 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 246 parts of magnesium sulfate, 44 parts of potassium sulfate, 0 part of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.15 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.85 parts of boric acid, 0.19 part of copper sulfate and 0.12 part of sodium molybdate.

Preparing a fertilizer solution: the same as in example 1.

The test is carried out in a seven-team greenhouse in a test field of Baozaoxincun, Ipomoea, the mode of fertilization is drip irrigation, the flower yield (20 strains per month), the flower diameter, the branch folding rate and the bottle inserting life of four varieties of African daisy, namely Yunnan red, gouache, big kumquat, honey and the like in 1 month of 2021 are counted, and the result shows that the branch folding rate of the African daisy is obviously increased along with the increase of the phosphorus content, and the great loss is generated (Table 3).

TABLE 3 influence of phosphorus on African daisy yield and quality

Example 4 Effect of different calcium and Zinc on African daisy production and quality

Treatment group:

fertilizer A: 400 parts of calcium nitrate, 475 parts of ammonium nitrate and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt;

b, fertilizer B: group 1 was treated as in example 1.

Control group 1:

fertilizer A: 0 part of calcium nitrate, 475 parts of ammonium nitrate and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium salt.

Fertilizer B was the same as treatment group 1 of example 1.

Control group 2:

fertilizer A: 200 parts of calcium nitrate, 377 parts of ammonium nitrate and 38 parts of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid iron sodium;

b, fertilizer B: group 1 was treated as in example 1.

Control group 3:

fertilizer a was treated in group 1 as in example 1; fertilizer B treatment group 1 as in example 1 to remove zinc sulfate.

Preparing a fertilizer solution: the same as in example 1.

The test is carried out in a greenhouse of seven teams of a test field of Baozaoxincun in Taanda, Equisetum delicicum, the fertilization mode is drip irrigation, the flower yield (20 strains per month), the flower diameter, the branch folding rate and the vase life of four varieties such as Yunnan red, gouache, big kumquat, honey and the like of African daisy in 2021 month are counted, and the result shows that the zinc deficiency or the calcium deficiency of the African daisy can increase the bent stem rate of the African daisy and reduce the flower diameter (Table 4).

In the field test, data statistics is carried out on the yield, the flower diameter, the bottle cutting life, the bent stem rate, the branch breaking rate and the like of the treatment group and the control group respectively. Test results show that the special African daisy fertilizer can obviously improve the yield and quality of African daisy.

TABLE 4 Effect of different Ca and Zn on African flower yield and quality

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.