阅读说明：本技术 宠物食品 (Pet food ) 是由 迫田顺哉 吉贺史里 于 2020-01-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种宠物食品,其含有分离大豆蛋白、发酵大豆粕或它们的混合物,该宠物食品的蛋白质消化率为88％以上。(The present invention relates to a pet food containing isolated soy protein, fermented soybean meal or a mixture thereof, which has a protein digestibility of 88% or more.)

1. A pet food comprising isolated soy protein, fermented soybean meal, or a mixture thereof, having a protein digestibility of at least 88%.

2.The pet food according to claim 1, wherein the content of β -conglycinin is 5 to 10% by mass on a dry matter basis.

3. The pet food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the isolated soy protein is 10% by mass or more on a dry matter basis.

4. The pet food according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the β -conglycinin content is 7.0 to 10% by mass on a dry matter basis.

5. The pet food according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of vegetable proteins other than vegetable proteins derived from the isolated soybean protein and the fermented soybean meal is 11.0% by mass or less in terms of dry matter.

6. The pet food according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the total of the content of the animal-derived protein and the content of the soybean-derived protein derived from the isolated soybean protein and the fermented soybean meal is 20 to 40% by mass on a dry matter basis.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a pet food.

The present application claims the priority of Japanese application No. 2019-093764, filed 5/17.2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Background

Conventional pet foods as comprehensive nutritional foods (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as "pet foods") have a protein digestibility of about 80% (see, for example, non-patent document 1), and conventional pet foods have a protein digestibility mainly in the range of about 80%.

In order to adjust the amino acid balance of pet foods, it is known to use vegetable proteins in addition to animal proteins. The vegetable protein used for pet food is mainly prepared from low-cost defatted soybean, gluten corn flour, etc. For example, defatted soybeans are used as a source of lysine (see, for example, non-patent document 2).

Documents of the prior art

Non-patent document

Non-patent document 1: national Research Council (NRC) 1985 nutritional requirements of dogs pp.2 the National academyes press, washington, DC.

Non-patent document 2: ohshima, s., y.fukuma, t.suzuki and m.abe.2000.evaluation of Nitrogen-corrected metabolic energy of feeds commonly used for dry fuels, j.pet animal.nutr., 3: 72-81.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, when a plant material is used in pet food, the digestion of protein is inhibited by a protease inhibitor naturally contained in the plant, and the protein digestibility of pet food cannot be sufficiently improved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a pet food containing a plant protein source material and having improved protein digestibility.

Means for solving the problems

The present invention includes the following modes.

(1) A pet food comprising isolated soy protein, fermented soybean meal, or a mixture thereof, having a protein digestibility of at least 88%.

(2) The pet food according to (1), wherein the content of β -conglycinin is 5 to 10% by mass in terms of dry matter.

(3) The pet food according to (1) or (2), wherein the content of the isolated soy protein is 10% by mass or more in terms of dry matter.

(4) The pet food according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the content of β -conglycinin is 7.0% by mass to 10% by mass on a dry matter basis.

(5) The pet food according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the content of vegetable proteins other than vegetable proteins derived from the isolated soybean protein and the fermented soybean meal is 11.0% by mass or less in terms of dry matter.

(6) The pet food according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the total of the content of the animal-derived protein and the content of the soybean-derived protein derived from the isolated soybean protein and the fermented soybean meal is 20 to 40% by mass on a dry matter basis.

Effects of the invention

The present invention provides a pet food containing a plant protein source material and having improved protein digestibility.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing amino acid balance. (a) The amino acid balance of chicken powder, (b) the amino acid balance of concentrated soy protein, (c) the amino acid balance of gluten corn flour, and (d) the amino acid balance of wheat gluten.

Detailed Description

In the present specification, "pet" refers to an animal raised by a human. Pets in the narrow sense are animals which are enjoyed by owners. Further, "pet food" refers to a feed for pets. The pet food of the present invention is sold as "animal feed" or "animal bait". The pet food of the invention can be consumed by a variety of animals, but is preferably fed to cats and dogs, with dogs being particularly preferred. The pet food can be classified into-comprehensive nutritional food given as general diet, snack food given as snack food, therapeutic food having specific ingredients for sick pet, diet for other uses, and the pet food of the present invention is suitably comprehensive nutritional food.

< Pet food >

The pet food of the present embodiment contains isolated soybean protein, fermented soybean meal, or a mixture thereof, and has a protein digestibility of 88% or more.

The content of β -conglycinin in the pet food of the present embodiment is preferably 5 to 10% by mass on a dry matter basis.

The isolated soybean protein is obtained by adding an acid to soybean milk obtained by extracting defatted soybean with water to produce whey and curd, removing the curd portion by centrifugal separation or filtration, neutralizing, drying, and pulverizing. The isolated soy protein is higher in protein content than the concentrated soy protein. 99.9% of the isolated soy protein was protein fraction and did not contain protease inhibitors as protein digestion inhibitors. The isolated soy protein is labeled "soy protein" on the raw material label of the product, as opposed to the name in the raw material labels of other soy products.

The fermented soybean meal is obtained by subjecting peeled soybean oil meal to lactic acid fermentation, drying and crushing. Since the fermented soybean meal is fermented to decompose proteins in advance, the content of protease inhibitors as protein digestion inhibitors is extremely small.

Since the isolated soy protein does not contain protease inhibitors, digestion of the protein is facilitated. In addition, since the fermented soybean meal contains a very small amount of protease inhibitor, digestion of protein is promoted. Therefore, the protein digestibility of the pet food of the present embodiment containing the isolated soybean protein, the fermented soybean meal, or the mixture thereof is improved.

Among them, isolated soybean protein is preferable from the viewpoint of improving protein digestibility.

In the present embodiment, the lower limit of the content of the isolated soy protein is preferably 10% by mass or more in terms of dry matter. The lower limit of the isolated soy protein content is more preferably 12% by mass or more in terms of dry matter. The upper limit of the content of the isolated soy protein is preferably 30% by mass in terms of dry matter. By this constitution, the amino acid balance can be adjusted. Examples of the protein source material derived from animals (animal protein source material) include: chicken meal, pork meal, meat meal, and the like, but since inedible parts (bones, internal organs, and the like containing a large amount of minerals) are heat-treated, defatted, and then dried to be powder, it is difficult to adjust the minerals. In contrast, soybean protein has an amino acid balance similar to that of animal-derived protein, but has a low mineral content and almost no fat and oil as compared with animal-derived protein materials, and therefore, it is easy to make a nutritional design.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing amino acid balance. (a) The amino acid balance of chicken powder, (b) the amino acid balance of concentrated soy protein, (c) the amino acid balance of gluten corn flour, and (d) the amino acid balance of wheat gluten. As shown in fig. 1, the gluten corn flour and wheat gluten have low scores for lysine and tryptophan in essential amino acids, but the concentrated soy protein contains a large amount of lysine or tryptophan with an amino acid balance similar to chicken meal. That is, it can be said that soybean protein is closer to animal protein than vegetable protein.

Beta-conglycinin is one of the three proteins that make up soy protein. The soybean protein is composed of three kinds of glycinin, β -conglycinin and LP (protein associated with lipid), and the content of the soybean protein can be calculated from the content of β -conglycinin.

For example, analysis of about 100% (99.9%) of the isolated soy protein with soy protein showed that it contained about 40% β -conglycinin. In the document 2012 p31 (written: Xiaoye' S concanavalin, Xianshan Tianzhen, Mukuangyi), the isolated soy proteins were reported to contain 41% of 7S protein (β -conglycinin + γ -conglycinin + basic 7S globulin), 16% of 2S protein (α -conglycinin), 31% of 11S protein (globulin) and 3% of 15S protein. In addition, electrophoretic analysis showed that the content of β -conglycinin was 27.8% of the total mass of the isolated soy protein.

In the pet food of the present embodiment, the protein digestibility is 88% or more, the protein digestibility is preferably 90% or more, and the protein digestibility is more preferably 92% or more. The upper limit of the protein digestibility is not particularly limited, but is preferably 99% or less from the practical viewpoint.

In pet foods, which are common comprehensive nutritional foods, the digestibility specified by AAFCO (american food control association) is 80% or more. In addition, in a therapeutic diet for improving digestibility, the content of animal proteins having high digestibility is increased, and the content of components having low digestibility such as dietary fiber is decreased, but the digestibility is about 87% in many cases.

In contrast, the pet food of the present embodiment contains a plant protein source material and has a very high protein digestibility of 88% or more. Therefore, the pet food of the present embodiment is easy for the pet to eat, and the user can feed it with ease. The pet food of the present embodiment is particularly useful for pets having poor digestibility, such as senior dogs and small dogs.

In addition, when the protein digestibility of pet food is high, it is expected to prevent the occurrence of food allergy.

In the pet food of the present embodiment, the content of β -conglycinin is preferably 5 to 10% by mass in terms of dry matter, more preferably 7.0 to 10% by mass in terms of dry matter, and still more preferably 8.0 to 10.0% by mass in terms of dry matter. When the content of β -conglycinin is not less than the lower limit of the above range, the digestibility of protein is easily improved.

In the pet food of the present embodiment, the content of vegetable proteins other than vegetable proteins derived from the isolated soybean protein and the fermented soybean meal is preferably 11.0% by mass or less in terms of dry matter, and more preferably 10.0% by mass or less in terms of dry matter.

In the pet food of the present embodiment, the content of protein derived from the gluten corn flour is preferably 2.0 mass% or less in terms of dry matter.

With this configuration, the content of the protease inhibitor, which is rich in vegetable proteins other than vegetable proteins derived from the isolated soybean protein and the fermented soybean meal, can be suppressed, and therefore, the protein digestibility can be further improved easily.

The total of the content of the animal-derived protein and the content of the soy-derived protein derived from the isolated soy protein and the fermented soy meal is preferably 20 to 40% by mass in terms of dry matter, and more preferably 20 to 30% by mass in terms of dry matter. With this configuration, the protein digestibility can be further improved easily.

The pet food of the present embodiment is not limited to a dry type with a moisture content of 10 wt% or less, and may be applied to a soft type with a moisture content of about 15 to 35 wt%, or a wet type with a moisture content of about 80 wt%.

The pet food of the present embodiment is not particularly limited in the blending ratio of the raw materials as long as it is a comprehensive nutritional food that meets the nutritional food standard. As the pet food, it is preferable to set the ratio of the raw materials so as to satisfy the nutritional composition of the food pellet and to obtain good moldability. The pet food of the present embodiment can be more preferably used as a pet food for dogs.

[ raw materials ]

The pet food of the present embodiment is not limited to the raw material as long as it satisfies the above-described configuration. Known materials may be used in the manufacture of pet food.

Examples of the powdery raw material include cereals (e.g., corn, wheat, rice, barley, oat, rye), beans (e.g., defatted soybean, whole-grain soybean), starches (e.g., wheat starch, corn starch, rice starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, sago starch), vegetable protein source materials (e.g., gluten corn flour, wheat gluten), meats (e.g., chicken, beef, pork, venison, meat meals (e.g., chicken meal, pork meal, beef meal, and mixed meat meals thereof)), fish and shellfish (e.g., fish meat, meat meals (fish meal)), vegetables, powdery additives (e.g., vitamins, minerals, amino acids, seasoning materials, fibers, coloring materials, and flavoring agents).

The meat powder is powder obtained by compressing meat, fish and shellfish and pulverizing.

Examples of the preference agent include an animal material extract, a plant material extract, a dried yeast extract (brewer's yeast extract, baker's yeast extract, Torula yeast (Torula) extract), yeast (brewer's yeast, baker's yeast, Torula yeast, etc.), and the like.

The ratio of the raw materials is not particularly limited. Preferably, the composition is set so as to satisfy the nutritional composition of the food granules to be obtained and to obtain good moldability.

Examples of the compounding ratio include: 40-75% by mass of grains, 10-25% by mass of meat, 5-15% by mass of fish and shellfish, 2-5% by mass of vitamins and minerals, 2-20% by mass of oils and fats, and the balance of other components, the total being 100% by mass.

As the liquid raw material to be added to the powder raw material, there can be used, as required (optionally): water, oils, liquid syrup, flavoring agent solution, perfume, and colorant. After the expanded beads are dried, liquid materials (coating agents) including oils and fats, seasonings, taste agents, and flavors may be applied.

The oil can be vegetable oil, or animal oil (chicken fat, lard, beef tallow, butter, etc.). The coating agent preferably contains animal fat and oil, and particularly preferably contains beef tallow.

[ shape and size ]

The shape of the food particles constituting the pet food of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for a pet to eat. For example, any of spherical, polygonal, columnar, doughnut-shaped, plate-shaped, ellipsoidal (go-chess-shaped), clover-shaped, and the like can be used. The food particles may be in the form of small particles that can be bitten by a pet in one bite, or in the form of large particles that can be eaten by a pet several times after scoring.

For example, regarding the size of the food particles, the shortest diameter and the longest diameter are both preferably 3 to 30mm, more preferably 6 to 16.5mm, and still more preferably 7 to 13 mm.

< method for producing Pet food >

The method for producing the pet food for the present embodiment may be any known method, and is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the configuration of the present embodiment. A known method includes a method of producing a pet food by the following steps of a granulating step, a drying step, and a coating step.

[ granulation Process ]

The granulation step is a step of granulating the raw material mixture to obtain granules.

Examples of the granulating step include a method in which raw materials are mixed to prepare a raw material mixture, and the raw material mixture is molded (granulated) into granules.

Specifically, the granulation step may be a method of producing pellets (expanded pellets) using an extruder.

Examples of the method for producing pellets by using an extruder include the methods described in "clinical Nutrition of Small animals 5 th edition" (Michael S. hand, Craig D. thatcher, Rebecca L. specified, Philip Roudebausg, Bruce J. Novotny edition, issued by Mark Morris Associates; 2014; P.209 to P.215).

[ drying Process ]

The drying step is a step of drying the granules obtained in the granulating step.

Examples of the method for drying the particles include a known method such as a method of drying the particles naturally, a method of drying the particles by blowing hot air, a method of drying the particles under reduced pressure, and a method of freeze-drying the particles. Among these drying methods, a method of drying by blowing hot air is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the digestibility of the pet food.

[ coating Process ]

The coating step is a step of coating the food granules obtained in the drying step with a coating agent containing crude beef tallow, seasonings, spices, and the like.

The method for coating the food particles is not particularly limited, and for example, a vacuum coating method can be used. The vacuum coating method is a method of reducing pressure in a state where heated particles are in contact with or adhered to grease or the like. The coating agent may be in a liquid state or a powder state. By the coating, the preference (palatability) of the pet can be improved.

Examples

(production of Pet food)

The raw materials of the pet food constituting the comprehensive nutritional food were mixed in the ratio shown in table 1. The obtained raw material mixture is fed into an extruder, and is subjected to heat treatment at 100 to 140 ℃ for 1 to 5 minutes while being kneaded to branched (alphatize) the starch component, and extruded and granulated at the outlet of the extruder and expanded to obtain expanded pellets. The resulting expanded pellets were dried at 125 ℃ for 15 minutes using a dryer to obtain pet foods of each example.

[ Table 1]

The "vegetable protein source raw material" used in comparative example 1 was gluten corn flour and defatted soybean, and the pet food of comparative example 1 did not contain isolated soybean protein and soybean fermented meal.

The "other components" in table 1 are components derived from a phagostimulant such as an animal material extract, a plant material extract, a yeast extract, or the like.

The content of β -conglycinin in the pet foods of example 1 and comparative example 1 is shown in table 2 in terms of dry matter conversion.

[ Table 2]

	Comparative example 1	Example 1
			Beta-conglycinin	1.9% by mass	5.04% by mass

(evaluation of digestibility of protein in Pet food)

The 7 beagle dogs were divided into 3 groups (n: 2 × 2 group, n: 3 days × 1 group) before the start of the experiment. 5 days were set as an acclimation period for acclimatizing the pet food to the in vivo environment, and 6 days thereafter as a test period of 11 days as 1 treatment course. The 3 pet foods of comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 2 were supplied to 1 treatment course and applied for 3 treatment courses, respectively, in 1 kind per group. Stool collection and stool scoring were performed daily during the test period, and food intake was measured during acclimation and throughout the test period.

The composition of the animal groups used for the experiments is shown in table 3. Age and body weight were 2 weeks before the start of the experiment. In addition, the general compositional analysis results of the fed pet food are shown in table 4.

[ Table 3]

The breeding environment is as follows.

Temperature: 18-28 DEG C

Humidity: 30 to 80 percent

And (3) ventilation frequency: more than 10 times/hour

Illumination: fluorescent lamp lighting 12 hours (7: 00-19: 00)/day

The breeding mode is as follows: 1/cage

Using a cage: stainless steel (W750 XD 850 XH 600mm)

Cage cleaning: 1 time/day (water is not used during the period of collecting feces)

The drinking water is well water (the chlorine concentration is about 0.3-0.5 ppm) added with chlorine, and is freely taken from an automatic water dispenser.

[ Table 4]

	Comparative example 1	Example 1	Example 2
				Moisture content	8％	9％	9％
Protein	25％	29％	31％
				Lipid	13％	13％	13％
Coarse fiber	2％	3％	2％
				Ash content	6％	4％	5％
Heat (kcal/100g)	357	359	360
				GE(kcal/100g)	452	461	464

Side mark ge (gross energy): total energy

The first treatment course shown in table 5 was weight-measured on the starting date (day 1), the second and third treatment courses were weight-measured on the day before the start (day 11, day 22), and 1 feeding was performed 1 day at 10 to 11 points, the amount calculated for each individual. The amount of food remaining (including overrun) was measured on the following day and the amount of food remaining was subtracted from the amount of food fed the previous day to calculate the amount of food consumed.

The feeding amount was calculated for each individual by the following formula. The molecular DER (energy requirement per day) of the following formula is the product of MER (energy requirement during maintenance) times body weight^0.75(kg) calculated.

MER is "110 (kcal ME/kg)^0.75)". This value was introduced as the MER value for dogs 3-7 years old in the FEDIAF nutrition guide 2017 (table VII-6.(p.62), table VII-7. (p.63)).

A total of 4 body weight measurements (using equipment: A & D, GP-100K) were performed on days 1, 11, 22, and 33.

[ equation 1]

Stool collection was performed on days 6 (10 o 'clock) to 11 (10 o' clock), 17 (10 o 'clock) to 22 (10 o' clock), and 28 (10 o 'clock) to 33 (10 o' clock), and all stools were collected for 120 consecutive hours in each period.

Collecting feces into plastic bag with zipper, and collecting while avoiding mixing hair. The collected feces were immediately frozen and stored frozen below-20 ℃. After 120 hours of continuous collection of feces, each dog was pooled into 1 bag per treatment period. After the test period was completed and all samples were obtained, general component analysis was performed, and the digestion rate was determined by calculating the Metabolic Energy (ME) from the analyzed values of the test food and feces.

[ Table 5]

The CP (crude protein) coefficient used was 4.4kcal, that is, the coefficient obtained by subtracting the coefficient for calculating the nitrogen component in urine (═ 1.25kcal) from the coefficient for calculating the GE (total energy) (═ 5.65kcal), the crude fat coefficient used was 9.4kcal, and the NFE coefficient used was 4.1 kcal. ME (kcal/100g) of each individual was calculated by the following formula.

ME＝{(A-a)×4.4+(B-b)×9.4+(C-c)×4.1}÷F×100

CP (crude protein) in an amount of (g) component in ingested food

CP (crude protein) as a component (g) in collected feces

B is crude fat of component amount (g) in ingested food

b is crude fat of the component amount (g) in the collected feces

C-NFE of the amount of ingredient (g) in food intake

c-amount of component (g) in feces collected NFE

F-food intake (g) during the test

Using the calculated ME of each individual, the digestibility of energy was calculated according to the following formula, and the results are shown in table 6. GE for the fed food uses the values calculated in table 4.

Energy digestibility (%) — ME per individual/GE of food fed x 100

[ Table 6]

	Comparative example 1	Example 1	Example 2
				Protein	86.6±0.6％	91.6±1.2％	88.8±1.4％
Lipid	95.8±0.3％	97.0±0.6％	97.2±0.4％
				NFE	85.6±1.7％	92.2±1.2％	90.3±1.7％
Dried substance	83.2±1.0％	88.2±1.4％	87.0±1.3％
				(Energy)	82.2±0.7％	85.5±0.8％	83.7±0.9％

The protein digestibility of the pet food of comparative example 1 was higher than the standard digestibility (80% or more) established by AAFCO (american feed control association), but the protein digestibility of the pet foods of examples 1 and 2 was further improved. The protein digestibility of the pet food of example 1 was 90% or more.

The present invention provides a pet food containing a plant protein source material and having improved digestibility of protein.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Addition, omission, replacement, and other changes of the configuration may be made within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

The present invention provides a pet food containing a plant protein source material and having improved protein digestibility.