阅读说明：本技术 增强相排列可控的复合材料直写成型3d打印方法及装置 (Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method and device ) 是由 王照智 郑人诚 赵晶 焦志彬 孔祥希 马星 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种增强相排列可控的复合材料直写成型3D打印方法及装置,装置包括：三维运动机构；浆料输送机构,包括：料筒,用于装载打印浆料；打印浆料为半流体或膏状混合物,包括基体材料、增强相及辅助试剂体系；加压装置,用于提供挤出打印浆料的推力；喷嘴旋转机构,设置于料筒的底部；计算机控制系统,用于控制三维运动机构、浆料输送机构和喷嘴旋转机构。通过控制喷嘴旋转机构驱动喷嘴旋转,可使喷嘴内打印浆料产生周向剪应力场,使打印浆料在挤出时产生剪切流变效应,并使增强相沿浆料打印路径呈螺旋状排列且定位可控,有针对性地改善打印制品的整体或局部力学性能,以制备具有特殊力学特性的复合材料构件。(The invention discloses a method and a device for direct-writing forming 3D printing of a composite material with controllable reinforced phase arrangement, wherein the device comprises: a three-dimensional motion mechanism; a slurry delivery mechanism comprising: a cartridge for loading a printing paste; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or paste mixture and comprises a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system; a pressurizing device for providing a pushing force for extruding the printing paste; the nozzle rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel; and the computer control system is used for controlling the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism. The nozzle is driven to rotate by controlling the nozzle rotating mechanism, so that the printing slurry in the nozzle can generate a circumferential shear stress field, the printing slurry can generate a shear rheological effect during extrusion, the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along a slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned, the overall or local mechanical property of a printed product is pertinently improved, and a composite material component with special mechanical properties is prepared.)

1. The utility model provides a controllable combined material of reinforcing looks arrangement directly writes shaping 3D printing device which characterized in that includes:

a three-dimensional motion mechanism;

the slurry conveying mechanism is arranged on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the slurry conveying mechanism includes:

the charging barrel is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for loading printing slurry; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or paste mixture and comprises a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system;

the pressurizing device is arranged on the charging barrel and is used for providing thrust for extruding printing slurry;

the nozzle rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel;

and the computer control system is respectively connected with the three-dimensional motion mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism and is used for controlling the three-dimensional motion mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism.

2. The direct-write molding 3D printing method and device for the composite material with controllable reinforced phase arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle rotating mechanism comprises:

the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the charging barrel;

a luer connector provided to the connector;

a nozzle disposed at the luer fitting;

and the rotation driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the connecting piece to rotate and driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned.

3. The device for enhancing direct-write modeling of composite material with controllable phase alignment according to claim 2, wherein the rotational driving device comprises:

the rotary driving piece is arranged on the three-dimensional motion mechanism;

the belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft of the rotary driving piece;

and the two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively connected with the connecting piece and the belt wheel.

4. The direct-write molding 3D printing device for the composite material with controllable phase alignment according to claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional motion mechanism comprises:

a base;

the sliding assembly is arranged on the base;

the motor is arranged on the sliding assembly and used for driving the sliding assembly to move;

and the fixing clamp is arranged on the sliding assembly and is connected with the charging barrel and the rotary driving piece.

5. The device for enhancing direct-write modeling of composite material with controllable phase alignment according to claim 4, wherein the sliding assembly comprises:

the X-axis sliding rail is arranged on the base;

the X-axis moving piece is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail;

the Z-axis slide rail is arranged on the X-axis moving piece;

the Z-axis moving piece is arranged on the Z-axis slide rail;

the Y-axis slide rail is arranged on the Z-axis moving piece;

the Y-axis moving piece is arranged on the Y-axis sliding rail;

the Y-axis moving piece is connected with the fixed clamp; or

The base is equilateral triangle base, just the slip subassembly includes:

the three vertical sliding rails are respectively vertically arranged at each corner of the equilateral triangle base;

the three vertical moving members are respectively arranged on the vertical sliding rails;

and one end of each parallel arm is rotatably connected with each vertical moving member, the other end of each parallel arm is rotatably connected with the fixed clamp, and the fixed clamp moves in a three-dimensional coordinate system under the combined action of the three vertical moving members moving in the vertical direction and the parallel arms.

6. A 3D printing method for direct-write molding of a composite material with controllable alignment of reinforcing phases, which is performed by using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the printing method comprises:

providing a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system, mixing the base material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary reagent system into a semi-fluid or paste mixture meeting the printing requirement, and then filling the mixture into the charging barrel;

the nozzle is driven to rotate by the nozzle rotating mechanism;

the printing slurry in the material barrel is pressurized through the pressurizing device, so that the printing slurry is extruded out of the nozzle rotating mechanism, and the reinforcing phase can be spirally arranged along a slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned.

7. The direct-write molding 3D printing method for the composite material with the controllable arrangement of the reinforcing phases, according to claim 6, wherein the matrix material in the printing paste comprises: at least one of a metal material, a ceramic material and a polymer material;

the reinforcing phase comprises: the microscopic form is at least one of metal, oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, simple substance carbon and high molecular compound in a one-dimensional short fiber or two-dimensional sheet form;

the auxiliary reagent system comprises: at least one of a dispersant, a surfactant, a binder, a plasticizer, a suspending agent, a defoamer, a lubricant and a curing agent.

8. The direct-write molding 3D printing method for the composite material with controllable phase alignment according to claim 6, wherein the nozzle rotating mechanism comprises:

the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the charging barrel;

a luer connector provided to the connector;

a nozzle disposed at the luer fitting;

the rotation driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phase can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and the positioning is controllable;

the diameter of the nozzle is 0.1mm-3mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, the rotating speed range of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device is 0MPa-2 MPa.

9. The direct write modeling 3D printing method for a composite material with controlled alignment of phases as claimed in claim 6, wherein the printing method further comprises:

and carrying out curing treatment on the printing slurry to obtain an initial printing product, and carrying out post-treatment on the initial printing product to obtain a target printing product.

10. The method for direct write modeling 3D printing of a composite material with controlled alignment of phases according to claim 9, wherein the curing process comprises: at least one of natural curing, light curing, and low temperature curing;

the post-processing comprises: at least one of cleaning, machining, and heat treating.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of printing, in particular to a composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device with controllable arrangement of reinforcing phases.

Background

Compared with the traditional material, the reinforced composite material has the characteristics of excellent mechanical property, small specific gravity, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like. The method is widely applied to preparing key structural components in aircrafts, automobiles and precision machinery. The prepared composite material member with light weight, high strength and toughness and impact resistance can improve the comprehensive performance and service life of the composite material member and reduce the loss of resources and energy. Composite components that meet the above properties typically have complex, cross-scale gradient composite structures.

Direct write 3D printing is a common method for making composite components with complex structures. However, in the prior art, the printing precision is low, the arrangement mode of the conventional reinforcing phases with the dimension far smaller than the diameter of the nozzle and without special field response characteristics is difficult to control, the reinforcing phases in the prepared composite material member product are randomly arranged, and the mechanical property of the micro-scale is unstable, so that the macro-mechanical property and the service life of the composite material member are influenced, and the application of the composite material member is limited.

Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite material direct-writing molding 3D printing apparatus with controllable arrangement of the reinforcing phases, aiming at solving the problem of unstable micromechanical performance of the reinforcing phases in the prior art due to the irregular arrangement of the reinforcing phases in the printing entity.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

a reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device comprises:

a three-dimensional motion mechanism;

the slurry conveying mechanism is arranged on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the slurry conveying mechanism includes:

the charging barrel is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for loading printing slurry; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or paste mixture and comprises a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system;

the pressurizing device is arranged on the charging barrel and is used for providing thrust for extruding printing slurry;

the nozzle rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel;

and the computer control system is respectively connected with the three-dimensional motion mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism and is used for controlling the slurry conveying mechanism, the nozzle rotating mechanism and the three-dimensional motion mechanism.

The controllable combined material direct-writing molding 3D printing device of reinforcing looks arrangement, wherein, nozzle rotary mechanism includes:

the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the charging barrel;

a luer connector provided to the connector;

a nozzle disposed at the luer fitting;

the rotary driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the connecting piece to rotate and driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned;

the controllable combined material of reinforcing looks range is directly write and is moulded 3D printing device, wherein, rotary drive device includes:

the rotary driving piece is arranged on the three-dimensional motion mechanism;

the belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft of the rotary driving piece;

and the two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively connected with the connecting piece and the belt wheel.

The controllable combined material direct-write molding 3D printing device of reinforcing looks arrangement, wherein, three-dimensional motion mechanism includes:

a base;

the sliding assembly is arranged on the base;

the motor is arranged on the sliding assembly and used for driving the sliding assembly to move;

and the fixing clamp is arranged on the sliding assembly and is connected with the charging barrel and the rotary driving piece.

The controllable combined material direct-write molding 3D printing device of reinforcing looks arrangement, wherein, the slip subassembly includes:

the X-axis sliding rail is arranged on the base;

the X-axis moving piece is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail;

the Z-axis slide rail is arranged on the X-axis moving piece;

the Z-axis moving piece is arranged on the Z-axis slide rail;

the Y-axis slide rail is arranged on the Z-axis moving piece;

the Y-axis moving piece is arranged on the Y-axis sliding rail;

the Y-axis moving piece is connected with the fixed clamp; or

The base is equilateral triangle base, just the slip subassembly includes:

the three vertical sliding rails are respectively vertically arranged at each corner of the equilateral triangle base;

the three vertical moving members are respectively arranged on the vertical sliding rails;

and one end of each parallel arm is rotatably connected with each vertical moving member, the other end of each parallel arm is rotatably connected with the fixed clamp, and the fixed clamp moves in a three-dimensional coordinate system under the combined action of the three vertical moving members moving in the vertical direction and the parallel arms.

A3D printing method for direct-writing forming of a composite material with controllable arrangement of reinforcing phases is used for printing by the device, wherein the printing method comprises the following steps:

providing a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system, mixing the base material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary reagent system into a semi-fluid or paste mixture meeting the printing requirement, and then filling the mixture into the charging barrel;

the nozzle is driven to rotate by the nozzle rotating mechanism;

the printing slurry in the material barrel is pressurized through the pressurizing device, so that the printing slurry is extruded out of the nozzle rotating mechanism, and the reinforcing phase can be spirally arranged along a slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned.

The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps: at least one of a metal material, a ceramic material and a polymer material;

the reinforcing phase comprises: the microscopic form is at least one of metal, oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, simple substance carbon and high molecular compound in a one-dimensional short fiber or two-dimensional sheet form;

the auxiliary reagent system comprises: at least one of a dispersant, a surfactant, a binder, a plasticizer, a suspending agent, a defoamer, a lubricant and a curing agent.

The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps:

the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the charging barrel;

a luer connector provided to the connector;

a nozzle disposed at the luer fitting;

the rotation driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the nozzle rotation mechanism to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned;

the diameter of the nozzle is 0.1mm-3mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, the rotating speed range of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device is 0MPa-2 MPa.

The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps:

and carrying out curing treatment on the printing slurry to obtain an initial printing product, and carrying out post-treatment on the initial printing product to obtain a target printing product.

The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps: at least one of natural curing, light curing, and low temperature curing;

the post-processing comprises: at least one of cleaning, machining, and heat treating.

Has the advantages that: the nozzle is driven to rotate by controlling the nozzle rotating mechanism, so that the printing slurry in the nozzle can generate a circumferential shear stress field, the printing slurry can generate a shear rheological effect when being extruded, and the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along a slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of a composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device with controllable arrangement of reinforcing phases in the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device with controllable arrangement of the reinforcing phases.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing phase oriented in the print path when the nozzles are not rotating in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the orientation of the reinforcing phase in the print path when the nozzles are not rotating in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing phase oriented in the print path as the nozzle of the present invention rotates.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the orientation of the reinforcing phases in the print path as the nozzles of the present invention rotate.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a spiral arrangement of reinforcing phases at the middle of a printing path according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure in which reinforcing phases are spirally arranged at both end portions of a printing path in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a spiral arrangement of reinforcing phases at a first rotational speed of the nozzle of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a spiral arrangement of reinforcing phases at a second rotational speed of the nozzle of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a structure in which reinforcing phases of nozzles are spirally arranged in a first direction in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a structure in which reinforcing phases are spirally arranged in a second direction in the nozzle of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a pressurizing device; 2. a charging barrel; 3. a connecting member; 4. a luer fitting; 5. a nozzle; 6. a synchronous belt; 7. a pulley; 8. a rotary drive member; 9. fixing the clamp; 10. a computer control system.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-12, the present disclosure provides embodiments of a direct-write molding 3D printing apparatus for composite materials with controllable reinforced phase arrangement.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing apparatus, including:

a three-dimensional motion mechanism;

a slurry transport mechanism, the slurry transport mechanism comprising:

the charging barrel 2 is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for loading printing slurry; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or paste mixture and comprises a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system;

a pressurizing device 1 provided in the cylinder 2 and configured to provide a pushing force for extruding the printing paste;

a nozzle rotating mechanism arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel 2,

and the computer control system is respectively connected with the three-dimensional motion mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism and is used for controlling the three-dimensional motion mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism.

The three-dimensional motion mechanism is a device which can move in three-dimensional space, the nozzle rotation mechanism is a device for driving the nozzle to rotate, when the printing operation is carried out, the computer control system 10 controls the pressurizing device 1 to apply thrust to the printing slurry in the material barrel 2, so that the printing slurry is extruded out smoothly, the nozzle 5 is driven to rotate by controlling the nozzle rotation mechanism, the rotation speed and the rotation direction parameters of the nozzle 5 are adjusted, and the arrangement mode (deflection angle and screw pitch) of the enhanced phase in the printing path is changed accordingly. Compared with common 3D printing, the mechanical property of the printed product is obviously improved, and the use requirement of a composite material member with a high-performance bionic structure (such as a Brigga structure of a bird tail mantis shrimp hammer toe rod, a brick-concrete structure of a shellfish pearl layer, a columnar fiber structure of a bamboo thick wall and the like) can be met.

It is worth explaining that the invention provides an auxiliary shear stress field control reinforced phase arrangement technology based on the traditional direct-writing forming printing technology, utilizes a nozzle rotating mechanism to enable printing slurry in a nozzle to generate a shear rheological effect, controls the orientation and distribution of reinforced phases in the printing slurry, improves the printing fineness, enables the microstructure precision of a printed composite material product to be lower than the diameter scale of the nozzle, and aims to solve the problems of uncontrollable conventional reinforced phase arrangement mode and unstable mechanical property of the microscale in the direct-writing forming 3D printed composite material product.

Specifically, the pressurizing device 1 is connected to the cartridge 2 through a hose, so as to apply pressure to the printing paste in the cartridge 2, and push the printing paste from the cartridge 2 into the nozzle rotating mechanism and then out of the nozzle 5. When the nozzle rotating mechanism does not work, no rotating shear stress field exists in the printing paste, and after the printing paste is extruded from the nozzle 5, the reinforcing phases are axially arranged along the printing path, specifically as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the length direction of the reinforcing phases is parallel to the axial direction of the printing path.

In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the nozzle rotation mechanism includes:

the connecting piece 3 is rotationally connected with the charging barrel 2;

a luer fitting 4 provided to the connector 3;

a nozzle 5 provided to the luer 4;

and the rotation driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the connecting piece to rotate and driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned.

In particular, the nozzle rotation mechanism is rotationally connected to the cartridge 2, the nozzle 5 being rotatable relative to the cartridge 2, the nozzle rotation mechanism driving the nozzle 5 in rotation, in particular by means of a rotary drive. Under the action of the rotary driving device, the printing slurry in the nozzle 5 generates a circumferential shear stress field, so that the printing slurry generates a shear rheological effect during extrusion, the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along a slurry printing path and are controllably positioned, and the overall or local mechanical properties of a printed product are pertinently improved to prepare a composite material member with special mechanical properties.

The reinforcing phases are spirally arranged in the printing path through the matching of the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism, the spiral size change of the reinforcing phases can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the rotary driving device, when the rotating speed is high, the spiral pitch of the spiral arrangement of the reinforcing phases is small, and the included angle between the reinforcing phases and the central axis of the printing path is large; when the rotating speed is low, the spiral pitch of the spiral arrangement of the reinforcing phase is large, and the included angle between the reinforcing phase and the central axis of the printing path is small.

The diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, and the length-diameter ratio of the reinforcing phase is 8-200. The pressure of the pressurizing device 1 is 0MPa-2 MPa. Under these parameters, a controlled helical arrangement of the reinforcing phase in the matrix material is facilitated.

The one end that feed cylinder 2 and connecting piece 3 are connected narrows down for the length direction of reinforcing phase tends to arrange towards the direction of the central axis of nozzle 5, is convenient for tentatively control the orientation of reinforcing phase, makes the reinforcing phase towards nozzle 5, is favorable to improving the direction controllability of arranging of reinforcing phase in the nozzle 5.

Specifically, since the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the pressing device 1, and the rotation driving device need to be controlled in synchronization during printing, the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the pressing device 1, and the rotation driving device are controlled using the computer control system 10. The start-stop, rotational speed and steering of the rotary drive are controlled by the computer control system 10. The control of the rotary drive can be realized by programming the program for controlling the rotary drive into the computer control system 10, and by controlling the movement mode of the rotary drive, structural materials with different arrangement modes of the reinforcing phases can be printed in one operation program, so that the overall or local mechanical properties of the materials can be improved in a targeted manner.

Specifically, the luer 4 is used for connecting the connecting piece 3 and the nozzle 5, and has the advantages that:

(1) the luer fitting 4 is a standardized fitting having excellent airtightness.

(2) The nozzle 5 is convenient to replace. When the nozzle 5 is plugged in the printing process, the new nozzle 5 can be directly replaced.

The narrowing of the outlet of the nozzle 5 further facilitates the alignment of the reinforcing phase along the axial direction of the nozzle 5. The diameter of the outlet of the nozzle 5 is 0.1mm to 3mm, that is, the diameter of the smallest outlet of the nozzle 5 is 0.1mm to 3 mm.

In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the rotation driving device includes:

a rotary driving member 8 provided to the three-dimensional motion mechanism;

a pulley 7 provided on a rotating shaft of the rotary driving member 8;

and the two ends of the synchronous belt 6 are respectively connected with the connecting piece 3 and the belt wheel 7.

Specifically, in order to realize the rotation of the nozzle 5, the nozzle 5 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving member 8 and the synchronous belt 6, and the connecting member 3 is driven to rotate. Be provided with first trough of belt on the band pulley 7, be provided with the second trough of belt on the connecting piece 3, hold-in range 6 is around outside band pulley 7 and connecting piece 3 to the card is in first trough of belt and second trough of belt, thereby can increase the frictional force between hold-in range 6 and band pulley 7, the connecting piece 3, ensures the stability of the rotational speed of nozzle 5. The rotation speed of the nozzle 5 is in the range of 0-3000 rpm. The rotary drive 8 may be a servo motor or a stepper motor.

In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the three-dimensional motion mechanism of the apparatus includes:

a base;

the sliding assembly is arranged on the base;

the motor is arranged on the sliding assembly and used for driving the sliding assembly to move;

and the fixing clamp 9 is arranged on the sliding assembly and is connected with the charging barrel and the rotary driving piece 8.

The slide assembly is a member that is slidable, and the fixing jig 9 is a member for fixing the cartridge and the nozzle rotating mechanism (specifically, the rotary drive 8 in the nozzle rotating mechanism). The fixing clamp 9 is moved through the sliding assembly, so that the charging barrel and the nozzle rotating mechanism are driven to move, and the printing slurry is printed at the corresponding position.

In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the sliding assembly may adopt a sliding rail motion system, and the sliding assembly includes:

the X-axis sliding rail is arranged on the base;

the X-axis moving piece is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail;

the Z-axis slide rail is arranged on the X-axis moving piece;

the Z-axis moving piece is arranged on the Z-axis slide rail;

the Y-axis slide rail is arranged on the Z-axis moving piece;

the Y-axis moving piece is arranged on the Y-axis sliding rail;

the Y-axis moving member is connected to the stationary jig 9.

Specifically, the X-axis moving piece refers to a part moving along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis moving piece refers to a part moving along the Y-axis direction, the Z-axis moving piece refers to a part moving along the Z-axis direction, and the nozzle rotating mechanism can be located at any position in an XY plane coordinate system through the X-axis moving piece and the Y-axis moving piece, so that printing is facilitated.

Specifically, adopt the mode of successive layer printing at the printing in-process, when printing every layer, can aim at the optional position on this layer with nozzle rotary mechanism and print through X axle moving member and Y axle moving member, then through Z axle moving member, lift up the height on a layer with nozzle rotary mechanism, continue to carry out the printing of next layer through X axle moving member and Y axle moving member, until printing the end.

The nozzle rotating mechanism may be moved by a three-dimensional moving mechanism of a delta structure.

The base is equilateral triangle base, just the slip subassembly includes:

the three vertical sliding rails are respectively vertically arranged at each corner of the equilateral triangle base;

the three vertical moving members are respectively arranged on the vertical sliding rails;

and one end of each parallel arm is rotatably connected with each vertical moving member, the other end of each parallel arm is rotatably connected with the fixed clamp 9, and the fixed clamp 9 moves in a three-dimensional coordinate system under the combined action of the three vertical moving members moving in the vertical direction and the parallel arms.

Specifically, adopt delta structure, through the position of adjusting three vertical moving member on vertical slide rail, can drive three parallel arm in order to adjust the position of nozzle rotary mechanism in three-dimensional space.

Based on the above-mentioned composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing apparatus with controllable arrangement of the enhanced phases, the present invention further provides a preferred embodiment of a composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method with controllable arrangement of the enhanced phases:

as shown in fig. 1, a 3D printing method for a composite material with controllable alignment of reinforcing phases according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

step S100, providing a base material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system, mixing the base material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary reagent system into a semi-fluid or paste mixture meeting the printing requirement, and then filling the mixture into the charging barrel.

Specifically, the base material includes: at least one of metal material, ceramic material and high polymer material. For example, the matrix material is alumina ceramic powder.

The reinforcing phase comprises: the microscopic form is at least one of metal, oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, simple substance carbon and high molecular compound in one-dimensional short fiber or two-dimensional sheet form.

Specifically, the short fibers include: at least one of metal fibers, oxide fibers, carbide fibers, boride fibers, nitride fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, and polyester fibers. The two-dimensional sheet-like morphology material comprises: silylene, germanylene, graphene, phosphene, boracene tin alkene, transition metal disulfide (TMDs, such as MoS)₂、ReS₂、ReSe₂) Transition metal carbide (nitride) (e.g. Mo)₂C、W₂C. WC, TaC), hexagonal boron nitride.

The auxiliary reagent system comprises: at least one of a dispersant, a surfactant, a binder, a plasticizer, a suspending agent, a defoamer, a lubricant and a curing agent.

For example, in the auxiliary agent system, 2% by mass of ammonium polyacrylate, 1% by mass of polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 1% by mass of polyethylene glycol are respectively used as a dispersant, a binder and a plasticizer to prevent the printing paste from agglomerating and enhance the cohesiveness and the fluidity of the paste.

In order to ensure the performance of the composite material, the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary agent system are mixed to uniformly disperse the reinforcing phase in the matrix material, and the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary agent system are filled into the charging barrel 2 after being uniformly mixed.

And step S200, driving the nozzle 5 to rotate through the nozzle rotating mechanism.

Specifically, when the nozzle 5 is rotationally driven by the rotational driving means in the nozzle rotation mechanism, the reinforcing phases are circumferentially arranged around the central axis of the nozzle 5, and when the reinforcing phases are circumferentially arranged around the central axis of the nozzle 5, the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing phases is not necessarily parallel to the outlet direction of the nozzle 5. To ensure that the reinforcing phase is helically aligned in the printing paste, the pressurising means 1 may be activated so that the reinforcing phase is oriented lengthwise towards the outlet of the nozzle 5, and the rotational drive means may then be activated to drive the nozzle 5 to rotate. The reinforcing phase is arranged in a spiral in the printing paste in cooperation with the rotary drive means and the pressurizing means 1.

Step S300, pressurizing the printing slurry in the material cylinder through the pressurizing device, so that the printing slurry is extruded out from the nozzle rotating mechanism, and the reinforcing phase can be spirally arranged along a slurry printing path and can be controllably positioned.

When the sizes of the reinforcing phases are different, the parameters of the printing apparatus are also different. When the size of the reinforcing phase is larger, a nozzle with a larger outlet diameter is adopted, and when the size of the reinforcing phase is smaller, a nozzle with a larger outlet diameter can be adopted, and a nozzle with a smaller outlet diameter can also be adopted. The diameter of the nozzle is 0.1mm-3mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, the rotating speed range of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device is 0MPa-2 MPa.

Specifically, when the carbon nanotube is used as the reinforcing phase, the diameter of the outlet of the nozzle is 0.2mm to 0.5mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm to 50nm, the rotating speed range of the nozzle is 0 to 800rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device 1 is 0.5Mpa to 0.6 Mpa.

Specifically, when the reinforcing phase is made of carbon fibers, the diameter of the outlet of the nozzle is 1mm-2mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, the rotating speed range of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device 1 is 0.8Mpa-1.2 Mpa.

And S400, curing the printing paste to obtain an initial printing product.

And after the sample is printed, curing the printed sample to obtain an initial printed product. The curing treatment comprises: at least one of natural curing, light curing, and low temperature curing.

And S500, performing post-processing on the initial printed product to obtain a target printed product. The post-processing comprises: at least one of cleaning, machining, and heat treating. The heat treatment comprises degreasing pre-sintering and high-temperature sintering.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

1. And establishing a three-dimensional model, storing the model into an STL file format, and slicing the file.

2. Printing paste required by printing is prepared, and the printing paste is added into the charging barrel 2 after the preparation is finished.

3. By programming and setting the computer control system 10, the movement locus of the nozzle rotating mechanism, the magnitude of pressurization, and the rotation of the rotary driving device can be controlled, and the sliced three-dimensional model STL file can be input and printed.

4. The connecting piece 3 is rotationally connected with the charging barrel 2, the pressurizing device 1 applies thrust to the printing paste in the charging barrel 2 through the hose, so that the printing paste is extruded into the nozzle rotating mechanism from the charging barrel 2 and then extruded out from the nozzle 5. The nozzle 5 can make a circular motion relative to the cylinder 2, when the nozzle 5 rotates, the printing paste in the nozzle can generate a circumferential shear stress field, so that the printing paste generates a shear rheological effect when being extruded, and the reinforcing phase is spirally arranged along a paste printing path.

5. The start and stop, the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the nozzle rotating mechanism are all controlled by the computer control system 10. The control of the nozzle rotating mechanism can be realized by programming the program for controlling the nozzle rotating mechanism into the computer control system 10, and the structural materials with different arrangement modes of the reinforcing phases can be printed in one operation program by controlling the movement mode of the nozzle rotating mechanism, so that the overall or local mechanical property of the material is improved in a targeted manner.

6. The change of the spiral size of the reinforcing phase can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the nozzle rotating mechanism (particularly controlling the rotating driving device), namely when the rotating speed is high, the spiral pitch of the spiral arrangement of the reinforcing phase is small, and the included angle between the reinforcing phase and the central axis of the printing path is large; when the rotating speed is low, the spiral pitch of the spiral arrangement of the reinforcing phase is large, and the included angle between the reinforcing phase and the central axis of the printing path is small.

7. When printing, the 3D printing system prints the sliced model layer by layer. After printing on each layer, the nozzle rotating mechanism can be lifted by one layer height in the Z-axis direction, and then the next layer is printed. And repeating the steps until the printing is finished.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when only the pressurizing device 1 is activated without activating the nozzle rotation mechanism (i.e., without activating the rotation driving device), the nozzle 5 does not rotate, and a circumferential shear stress field cannot be formed, and the reinforcing phases are aligned in the axial direction of the printing path.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the nozzle rotating mechanism and the pressurizing device 1 are activated, the nozzle 5 rotates to form a circumferential shear stress field, and the reinforcing phases are arranged in a spiral shape in the printing path.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the nozzle rotation mechanism may be started or stopped halfway, for example, when only the pressurizing device 1 is started first, and then the pressurizing device 1 is started for a while, and then the nozzle rotation mechanism is started, the reinforcing phase at the middle part of the printing path is obtained to be arranged spirally (as shown in fig. 7). It is also possible to start the nozzle rotating mechanism and the pressurizing device 1 at the same time, then stop the nozzle rotating mechanism, and after stopping the nozzle rotating mechanism for a while, start the nozzle rotating mechanism again, and obtain the two end part reinforcing phases in a spiral arrangement (as shown in fig. 8).

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the angle between the reinforcing phase arranged in a spiral shape and the central axis of the composite material can be adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed of the nozzle 5Thereby adjusting the pitch of the spiral arrangement of the reinforcing phase and the orientation direction of the reinforcing phase. The rotational speed used in fig. 9 is greater than the rotational speed used in fig. 10, then

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the spiral direction of the reinforcing phase arranged in a spiral shape can be adjusted by changing the rotational direction of the nozzle 5.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.