阅读说明：本技术 一种龙门式3d建筑打印设备 (Gantry type 3D building printing equipment ) 是由 赵宇 郭辉 于 2021-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种龙门式3D建筑打印设备,涉及3D打印设备技术领域,包括：龙门架,龙门架上设置Z轴轨道系统；龙门架可滑动地设置在X轴轨道系统上；Y轴轨道系统可滑动地设置在Z轴轨道系统上,Y轴轨道系统上还可滑动地设有打印机构；驱动机构用于带动龙门架相对于X轴轨道系统滑动、带动Y轴轨道系统相对于Z轴轨道系统滑动、并带动打印机构相对于Y轴轨道系统滑动,导向结构为龙门架、Y轴轨道系统、以及打印机构的滑动提供导向作用,注油系统用于向驱动机构以及导向结构提供润滑油；控制器,与驱动机构可通信地相连接。如此设置,导向结构能够提高移动精度,注油系统减小部件间磨损,有利于提高设备的精度和效率。(The invention discloses gantry type 3D building printing equipment, relates to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, and comprises the following components: the gantry is provided with a Z-axis track system; the portal frame is slidably arranged on the X-axis track system; the Y-axis track system is slidably arranged on the Z-axis track system, and the Y-axis track system is also slidably provided with a printing mechanism; the driving mechanism is used for driving the portal frame to slide relative to the X-axis track system, driving the Y-axis track system to slide relative to the Z-axis track system and driving the printing mechanism to slide relative to the Y-axis track system; a controller communicably connected with the drive mechanism. So set up, guide structure can improve and remove the precision, and the oiling system reduces wearing and tearing between the part, is favorable to improve equipment's precision and efficiency.)

1. The utility model provides a planer-type 3D building printing apparatus which characterized in that includes:

the device comprises a portal frame (1), wherein a Z-axis track system (5) is vertically arranged on the portal frame (1);

the gantry (1) is slidably arranged on the X-axis track system (2);

the Y-axis track system (8), the Y-axis track system (8) is slidably arranged on the Z-axis track system (5), and the Y-axis track system (8) is also slidably provided with a printing mechanism;

the gantry crane comprises a driving mechanism, a guiding structure and an oiling system, wherein the driving mechanism is used for driving the gantry crane (1) to slide relative to the X-axis track system (2), driving the Y-axis track system (8) to slide relative to the Z-axis track system (5) and driving the printing mechanism to slide relative to the Y-axis track system (8), the guiding structure provides a guiding function for the gantry crane (1), the Y-axis track system (8) and the printing mechanism to slide, and the oiling system is used for providing lubricating oil for the driving mechanism and the guiding structure;

a controller communicably connected with the drive mechanism to control movement of the gantry (1), the Y-axis track system (8), and the printing mechanism.

2. Gantry type 3D architecture printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the X-axis track system (2) comprises two X-direction tracks (3) arranged side by side and a trolley (4) slidably arranged on each of the X-direction tracks (3), the lower ends of the two columns of the gantry (1) are fixedly connected with the trolley (4).

3. The gantry type 3D building printing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Z-axis track system (5) comprises two Z-axis tracks (6) and Z-axis sliding tables (7) slidably arranged on the Z-axis tracks (6), the two Z-axis tracks (6) are respectively arranged on two columns of the gantry (1), and two ends of the Y-axis track system (8) are respectively fixedly connected with the two Z-axis sliding tables (7).

4. The gantry type 3D building printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the Y-axis rail system (8) includes a Y-axis rail (10) and a Y-axis slide (11) slidably disposed on the Y-axis rail (10), and the printing mechanism is connected to the Y-axis slide (11).

5. The gantry type 3D architecture printing device according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises an X-axis drive arranged on the X-axis track system (2), a Y-axis drive arranged on the Y-axis track system (8) and a Z-axis drive arranged on the Z-axis track system (5), the X-axis drive, the Y-axis drive and the Z-axis drive each comprise a motor (12), a reducer (13) connected with the motor (12) and a gear (14) arranged at the output end of the reducer (13), and the X-axis track system (2), the Y-axis track system (8) and the Z-axis track system (5) are provided with racks (15) engaged with the corresponding gears (14).

6. The gantry type 3D building printing device according to claim 1, wherein the guiding structure comprises an X-axis guide, a Y-axis guide and a Z-axis guide, the X-axis guide, the Y-axis guide and the Z-axis guide each comprise a guide rail (16) and a slider (17) matched with the guide rail (16), the slider (17) slides along the guide rail (16), and each guide rail (16) is correspondingly arranged on the X-axis rail system (2), the Y-axis rail system (8) and the Z-axis rail system (5).

7. Gantry type 3D building printing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said gear (14) is a helical gear (14) and said rack (15) is a helical rack (15).

8. Gantry type 3D building printing device according to claim 5, wherein the oiling system comprises an automatic oiling machine (18), an oil separator (19) connected to the automatic oiling machine (18), the oil separator (19) being connected to the guiding structure and providing lubricating oil between the gear (14) and the rack (15).

9. The gantry type 3D architectural printing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a organ cover (20), wherein the organ cover (20) covers the rack (15) and the guide structure.

10. Gantry type 3D architecture printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower end of the trolley (4) is provided with a plurality of driven wheels (21) cooperating with the X-direction track (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, in particular to gantry type 3D building printing equipment.

Background

The 3D printing technology uses metal, ceramic, plastic, sand, concrete, etc. as printing raw materials, and forms 3D members by using technologies such as photocuring and lamination. At present, the 3D printing technology has been widely applied in the fields of building, medicine, aerospace technology and the like.

Adopt 3D building printing apparatus to print building element can improve production efficiency, save the process of processing mould and drawing of patterns, consequently receive people's attention more and more. However, the existing 3D building printing equipment is generally simple and crude, has low operation precision, causes errors in the size or corners of the printed building, and sometimes requires manual further processing, resulting in low processing efficiency.

Therefore, how to improve and optimize the 3D building printing device to realize high-precision and high-efficiency printing of building components becomes an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide gantry type 3D building printing equipment, which is used for improving and optimizing the 3D building printing equipment in the prior art so as to realize high-precision and high-efficiency printing of building components. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides gantry type 3D building printing equipment, which comprises:

the gantry is vertically provided with a Z-axis track system;

the portal frame is slidably arranged on the X-axis track system;

the Y-axis track system is slidably arranged on the Z-axis track system, and a printing mechanism is also slidably arranged on the Y-axis track system;

the driving mechanism is used for driving the portal frame to slide relative to the X-axis track system, driving the Y-axis track system to slide relative to the Z-axis track system and driving the printing mechanism to slide relative to the Y-axis track system, the guiding structure provides a guiding effect for the sliding of the portal frame, the Y-axis track system and the printing mechanism, and the oiling system is used for providing lubricating oil for the driving mechanism and the guiding structure;

a controller communicably connected with the drive mechanism to control movement of the gantry, the Y-axis track system, and the print mechanism.

Preferably, the X-axis track system includes two X-direction tracks arranged side by side and a pulley slidably arranged on each of the X-direction tracks, and lower ends of two columns of the gantry are fixedly connected to the pulley.

Preferably, Z axle track system includes that two Z are to the track and can set up each with slidable Z axle slip table on the Z is to the track, two Z is to the track setting respectively on two stands of portal frame, Y axle track system's both ends respectively with two Z axle slip table fixed connection.

Preferably, the Y-axis rail system includes a Y-axis rail and a Y-axis sliding table slidably disposed on the Y-axis rail, and the printing mechanism is connected to the Y-axis sliding table.

Preferably, actuating mechanism is including setting up X axle drive, setting on the X axle rail system are in Y axle drive and setting on the Y axle rail system are in Z axle drive on the Z axle rail system, X axle drive Y axle drive and Z axle drive all include the motor, with reduction gear that the motor is connected and setting are in the gear of reduction gear output, X axle rail system Y axle rail system and Z axle rail system all is equipped with corresponding the rack of gear engaged with.

Preferably, guide structure includes X axle direction, Y axle direction and Z axle direction, X axle direction Y axle direction and Z axle direction all include the guide rail and with guide rail matched with slider, the slider is followed the guide rail slides, each the guide rail corresponds the setting respectively X axle track system Y axle track system and on the Z axle track system.

Preferably, the gear is a helical gear and the rack is a helical rack.

Preferably, the oil injection system comprises an automatic oil injection machine and an oil distributor connected with the automatic oil injection machine, wherein the oil distributor is connected with the guide structure and supplies lubricating oil between the gear and the rack.

Preferably, the device further comprises an organ cover, and the organ cover covers the rack and the guide structure.

Preferably, the lower end of the pulley is provided with a plurality of driven wheels matched with the X-direction track.

According to the technical scheme, the gantry type 3D building printing equipment comprises a gantry frame, an X-axis track system, a Y-axis track system, a Z-axis track system, a driving mechanism, a guide structure, an oil injection system and a controller. The controller controls the driving mechanism to work, the driving mechanism drives the portal frame to slide relative to the X-axis track system and drives the Y-axis track system to slide along the Z-axis track system arranged on the portal frame and drives the printing mechanism on the Y-axis track system to slide, and therefore the printing mechanism can reach any position within a certain space range. The guide structure provides a guide function for the sliding of the portal frame, the Y-axis track system and the printing mechanism, so that the moving precision of the guide structure is improved, and the printing precision is further improved; the oiling system provides lubricating oil for the driving mechanism and the guide structure, abrasion among parts can be reduced, serious reduction of transmission and moving precision of the equipment in the using process is avoided, the working efficiency of the equipment is improved, and the service life of the gantry type 3D building printing equipment is prolonged. So set up, solved among the prior art 3D building printing apparatus problem comparatively crude, that the printing precision is poor, printing efficiency is low.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry type 3D building printing device in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an X-axis rail system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Y-axis rail system in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry and Z-axis rail system in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 4.

In the figure:

1-portal frame, 2-X axis track system, 3-X axis track, 4-pulley, 5-Z axis track system, 6-Z axis track, 7-Z axis slipway, 8-Y axis track system, 9-crossbeam, 10-Y axis track, 11-Y axis slipway, 12-motor, 13-reducer, 14-gear, 15-rack, 16-guide rail, 17-slider, 18-automatic oiling machine, 19-oil separator, 20-organ cover, 21-driven wheel and 22-drag chain groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

The aim of the specific embodiment is to provide a gantry type 3D building printing device, which is used for improving and optimizing the 3D building printing device in the prior art, so that the high-precision and high-efficiency printing of building components can be realized.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims. The entire contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to those required as solutions of the inventions described in the claims.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in the present embodiment, the gantry type 3D building printing apparatus includes a gantry 1, an X-axis rail system 2, a Y-axis rail system 8, a Z-axis rail system 5, a driving mechanism, a guiding structure, an oiling system, and a controller. The portal frame 1 is slidably arranged on the X-axis track system 2, the Z-axis track system 5 is vertically arranged on the portal frame 1, the Y-axis track system 8 is slidably arranged on the Z-axis track system 5, and the Y-axis track system 8 is also slidably provided with a printing mechanism. Under the driving action of the driving mechanism, the portal frame 1 slides along the X-axis track system 2, namely slides in the horizontal direction, the Y-axis track system 8 slides along the Z-axis track system 5, namely slides in the vertical direction, and the printing mechanism slides along the Y-axis track system 8, namely slides in the direction perpendicular to the X-axis track system 2 in the horizontal plane, so that the printing mechanism can reach any position in a certain space. The guide structure provides a guide effect for the sliding of the portal frame 1, the Y-axis track system 8 and the printing mechanism, and the oil injection system is used for providing lubricating oil for the driving mechanism and the guide structure. And the controller is connected with the driving mechanism in a communication way and controls the driving mechanism to work so as to finally realize the control of the movement of the portal frame 1, the Y-axis track system 8 and the printing mechanism.

It should be noted that the printing mechanism may include, but is not limited to, a mortar concrete spraying device, a foaming agent spraying device, and the like. In some embodiments, the printing mechanism may be coupled to the Y-axis rail system 8 via a robotic arm. The controller can be but is not limited to a PLC programmable logic controller, and the controller controls the sliding distance, the sliding speed and the like by controlling the driving mechanism.

Due to the arrangement, the guide structure improves the moving precision of the portal frame 1, the Y-axis track system 8 and the printing mechanism, and avoids the phenomenon of shaking or dislocation in the moving process; the oiling system realizes the self-maintenance of the equipment, does not need manual periodical addition of lubricating oil, can reduce the abrasion among parts, avoids the serious reduction of transmission and movement precision of the equipment in the use process, is favorable for improving the working efficiency of the equipment and prolongs the service life of the gantry type 3D building printing equipment.

In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the X-axis track system 2 includes two X-direction tracks 3 arranged side by side and a trolley 4 slidably arranged on each X-direction track 3, each X-direction track 3 is fixedly arranged on the ground through an X-axis bottom beam, and lower ends of two columns of the gantry 1 are fixedly connected to the trolley 4. The driving mechanism comprises an X-axis drive, the X-axis drive comprises a motor 12 and a speed reducer 13 which are arranged on the pulley 4, and a gear 14 which is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 13, the speed reducer 13 is connected with the motor 12, the motor 12 is communicably connected with a controller, a rack 15 is arranged on the X-direction track 3, the extending direction of the rack 15 is consistent with the extending direction of the X-direction track 3, and the rack 15 is meshed with the gear 14. In a specific embodiment, the rack 15 is a helical rack 15 and the pinion 14 is a helical gear 14. The lower end of the pulley 4 is provided with a plurality of driven wheels 21 matched with the X-direction track 3, and under the driving action of X-axis driving, the driven wheels 21 roll on the X-direction track 3, so that the friction force between the pulley 4 and the X-direction track 3 can be reduced.

So set up, two X that set up side by side make portal frame 1 slide more steady to track 3, and helical gear 14 meshes with helical rack 15 mutually, and the overlap ratio increases and makes its bearing capacity improve, and the transmission is more steady and can prolong the life of gear 14 and rack 15.

In some embodiments, the guiding structure comprises an X-axis guide, the X-axis guide comprises a guide rail 16 arranged on the X-direction rail 3 and a slider 17 arranged on the trolley 4, the guide rail 16 extends in the same direction as the X-direction rail 3, and the slider 17 is engaged with the guide rail 16 and slides along the guide rail 16. So configured, the precision fit between the guide rail 16 and the slider 17 ensures the accuracy of the sliding direction. In other embodiments, the oiling system may include an X-axis oiling device provided on the X-axis rail system 2, the X-axis oiling device includes an automatic oiling machine 18 provided on the trolley 4 and an oil separator 19 connected to the automatic oiling machine 18, the oil separator 19 injects oil between the guide rail 16 and the slider 17, which are guided by the X-axis, through an oiling pipe, and injects oil between the gear 14 and the rack 15, which are driven by the X-axis. The automatic oiling machine 18 pumps the lubricating oil into the oil distributor 19, and the oil distributor 19 distributes the lubricating oil between the pinion 14 and the rack 15 and between the guide rail 16 and the slider 17. The pulley 4 is buckled on the X-direction track 3 and is made of a sheet metal iron plate, so that the X-direction track 3, the guide rail 16, the rack 15 and other structures are protected to a certain extent, and the damage of the external severe environment to equipment is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, please refer to fig. 4 and 5, the Z-axis track system 5 includes two Z-direction tracks 6 and Z-axis sliding tables 7 slidably disposed on the Z-direction tracks 6, the two Z-direction tracks 6 are respectively disposed on two columns of the gantry 1, and two ends of the Y-axis track system 8 are fixedly connected to the two Z-axis sliding tables 7. The driving mechanism comprises a Z-axis drive, the Z-axis drive comprises a motor 12 and a speed reducer 13 which are arranged on the Z-axis sliding table 7 and a gear 14 which is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 13, the speed reducer 13 is connected with the motor 12, the motor 12 is communicably connected with a controller, a rack 15 is arranged on the Z-direction track 6, the extending direction of the rack 15 is consistent with the extending direction of the Z-direction track 6, and the rack 15 is meshed with the gear 14. In a specific embodiment, the rack 15 is a helical rack 15 and the pinion 14 is a helical gear 14.

So set up, two Z that set up side by side make Y axle rail system 8 more steady along the slip of Z axle to track 6, and helical gear 14 meshes with helical rack 15 mutually, and its overlap ratio is great makes the bearing capacity obtain improving, and the transmission is more steady and can prolong the life of gear 14 and rack 15.

Further, the guide structure comprises a Z-axis guide, the Z-axis guide comprises a guide rail 16 arranged on the Z-axis track 6 and a sliding block 17 arranged on the Z-axis sliding table 7, the extending direction of the guide rail 16 is the same as the extending direction of the Z-axis track 6, and the sliding block 17 is matched with the guide rail 16 and slides along the guide rail 16. So configured, the precision fit between the guide rail 16 and the slider 17 ensures the accuracy of the sliding direction. In some embodiments, the oil injection system may include a Z-axis oil injection device disposed on the Z-axis rail system 5, the Z-axis oil injection device includes an automatic oil injection machine 18 disposed on the Z-axis slide table 7 and an oil distributor 19 connected to the automatic oil injection machine 18, the oil distributor 19 injects oil between the guide rail 16 and the slider 17 that guide the Z-axis through an oil injection pipe, and injects oil between the gear 14 and the rack 15 that drive the Z-axis. The edge that parallels to track 6 with Z on the Z axle slip table 7 is equipped with the backplate, and the backplate is made by panel beating iron plate, plays certain guard action to structures such as Z to track 6, guide rail 16, rack 15, reduces the harm of external adverse circumstances to equipment.

One end fixedly connected with of Z axle slip table 7 is organ cover 20 of vertical setting, and organ cover 20 covers on Z axle driven rack 15 and the guide rail 16 of Z axle direction, plays certain guard action to rack 15 and guide rail 16, prevents that the adverse circumstances in the external world from causing the harm to equipment. The organ cover 20 can be extended and contracted without hindering the movement of the Z-axis slide table 7.

In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the Y-axis rail system 8 includes a horizontally disposed cross beam 9, a Y-axis rail 10 fixedly disposed on the cross beam 9, and a Y-axis sliding table 11 slidably disposed on the Y-axis rail 10, two ends of the cross beam 9 are respectively disposed on the Z-axis sliding table 7, and the printing mechanism is connected to the Y-axis sliding table 11. The driving mechanism comprises a Y-axis drive, the Y-axis drive comprises a motor 12 and a speed reducer 13 which are arranged on a Y-axis sliding table 11 and a gear 14 which is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 13, the speed reducer 13 is connected with the motor 12, the motor 12 is communicably connected with a controller, a rack 15 is arranged on the Y-axis track 10, the extending direction of the rack 15 is consistent with the extending direction of the Y-axis track 10, and the rack 15 is meshed with the gear 14. In a specific embodiment, the rack 15 is a helical rack 15 and the pinion 14 is a helical gear 14. So set up, helical gear 14 and helical rack 15 mesh mutually, and its overlap ratio is great makes the bearing capacity obtain improving, and the transmission is more steady and can prolong the life of gear 14 and rack 15.

Further, the guiding structure comprises a Y-axis guide, the Y-axis guide comprises a guide rail 16 arranged on the Y-axis track 10 and a sliding block 17 arranged on the Y-axis sliding table 11, the extending direction of the guide rail 16 is the same as the extending direction of the Y-axis track 10, and the sliding block 17 is matched with the guide rail 16 and slides along the guide rail 16. So configured, the precision fit between the guide rail 16 and the slider 17 ensures the accuracy of the sliding direction. The oil injection system further comprises Y-axis oil injection equipment arranged on the Y-axis track system 8, the Y-axis oil injection equipment comprises an automatic oil injection machine 18 arranged on the Y-axis sliding table 11 and an oil distributor 19 connected with the automatic oil injection machine 18, and the oil distributor 19 injects oil to the space between the Y-axis guide rail 16 and the sliding block 17 through an oil injection pipeline and injects oil to the space between the Y-axis drive gear 14 and the rack 15. The edge that parallels to track 10 with Y on the Y axle slip table 11 is equipped with the backplate, and the backplate is made by panel beating iron plate, plays certain guard action to structures such as Y to track 10, guide rail 16, rack 15, reduces the harm of external adverse circumstances to equipment.

One end of the Y-axis sliding table 11 is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged organ cover 20, the organ cover 20 covers the rack 15 driven by the Y-axis and the guide rail 16 guided by the Y-axis, a certain protection effect is achieved on the rack 15 and the guide rail 16, and the damage of the external severe environment to equipment is prevented. The bellows cover 20 can be extended and contracted without hindering the movement of the Y-axis slide table 7.

In addition, planer-type 3D building printing equipment still is equipped with the tow chain groove 22, and Y axle driven cable and Z axle driven cable all set up in corresponding tow chain groove 22, and tow chain groove 22 plays certain guard action to the cable, prevents the cable wearing and tearing. And the two ends of the X-direction track 3, the Y-direction track 10 and the Z-direction track 6 are respectively provided with a limiting protection device, and the limiting protection devices comprise travel limit switches and/or limit stops. That is, the limit guard includes at least one of a limit of travel switch and a limit stop. The travel limit switch can be but is not limited to an infrared limit bumper, the travel limit switch is widely applied, and in the scheme, the travel limit switch is used for preventing the sliding distance of the sliding table or the pulley from being too large to cause collision interference with other structures and the like; the limit stop is an elastic buffer body and is made of polyurethane.

It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be mutually referred to, and the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to for the content which is not described in detail in some embodiments. The multiple schemes provided by the invention comprise basic schemes, are independent from each other and are not restricted with each other, but can be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict, so that multiple effects are realized together.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.