阅读说明：本技术 一种强酸性土壤改良有机肥及制备方法 (Strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof ) 是由 冯林川 唐希 刘伟 王代玉 燕国旺 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种强酸性土壤改良有机肥及制备方法。该强酸性土壤改良有机肥,包括以下质量份数的原料,泥炭藓,鸡粪,粘土,硅藻土,秸秆颗粒,发酵剂,石灰粉,氮磷钾肥,糖类,所述泥炭藓为风干后的植物颗粒,鸡粪为脱水后的粪块,该强酸性土壤改良有机肥及制备方法,通过泥炭藓与氮磷钾肥的使用,可为强酸性土壤提供有利于植物生产的营养物质,鸡粪和秸秆颗粒与发酵剂的配合使用,可对生活中的资源进行合理利用,在为土壤提供营养物质的同时,可有效降低有机肥生产的成本,石灰粉的使用,可对强酸性土壤中的酸度进行调节,增加土壤中碱金属的含量,有利于提高强酸性土壤改良的效果。(The invention provides a strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, peat moss, chicken manure, clay, diatomite, straw particles, a leavening agent, lime powder, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer and sugars in parts by mass, wherein the peat moss is air-dried plant particles, and the chicken manure is dehydrated manure blocks.)

1. A strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

50-65 parts of sphagnum; 45-55 parts of chicken manure; 25-30 parts of clay; 10-15 parts of diatomite; 35-45 parts of straw particles; 3-5 parts of a leavening agent; 15-20 parts of lime powder; 30-40 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; 8-12 parts of saccharides.

2. The strongly acidic soil improvement organic fertilizer of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sphagnum is plant particles after air drying, the chicken manure is dewatered manure blocks, and the inside of the fermentation agent contains filamentous fungi, saccharomycetes and bacteria.

3. The strongly acidic soil-improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein a method for preparing the strongly acidic soil-improving organic fertilizer is provided, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, taking air-dried sphagnum, chicken manure blocks, clay, diatomite, crushed straw particles, a leavening agent, lime powder, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and saccharides according to the mass parts of the raw materials;

s2, selecting a mixing device, putting chicken manure blocks into the mixing device, adding a proper amount of water and soaking, putting sphagnum, diatomite and clay into the mixing device, mixing the sphagnum, diatomite and clay with the chicken manure blocks, putting straw particles and a leavening agent into the mixture, continuously mixing and stirring by using the mixing device, stopping mixing after uniformly stirring, and fermenting the mixture in the mixing device by using the mixing device;

s3, taking lime powder, adding water into the lime powder until the lime powder is completely dissolved in the water, then uniformly spraying the lime water into the mixture fermented in the S2, and mixing and stirring by using a mixing device;

s4, taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and putting sugars into the mixture in the S4, and continuously mixing and processing by using mixing equipment;

s5, taking the mixture in the step S4 out of the mixing equipment, dehydrating and agglomerating the mixture, and crushing the agglomerated material by using crushing equipment;

s6, adding the material crushed in the step S5 into granulation equipment, processing the material into granules by the granulation equipment, and drying and cooling the granules;

and S7, screening the material particles processed in the step S6 by using screening equipment, and then equally packaging the sorted qualified material particles.

4. The strongly acidic soil improvement organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof according to claim 3, wherein the strongly acidic soil improvement organic fertilizer comprises the following components: the soaking time of the chicken manure blocks in the S2 is 1.5-2h, the fermentation temperature is 42-52 ℃, and the fermentation time is 60-72 h.

5. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer for strongly acidic soil improvement according to claim 3, further providing an organic fertilizer preparation device suitable for the method for preparing the organic fertilizer for strongly acidic soil improvement, comprising a body (1), and being characterized in that: the novel screen cloth feeding machine is characterized in that a transmission shaft (2) is arranged inside the machine body (1), a material selecting mechanism (3) is arranged inside the machine body (1), the material selecting mechanism (3) comprises a screen disc (31), a protruding portion (311), a fixed disc frame (32), a conveying channel (33), a pressing cylinder (34) and a discharging channel (35), and a guide plate (4) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the screen disc (31).

6. The device for preparing the strongly acidic soil improving organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the upper surface of net dish (31) adopts the design of convex curved surface, and the surface is equipped with the mesh, with transmission shaft (2) fixed connection, bellying (311) evenly distributed is in the surface of net dish (31).

7. The device for preparing the strongly acidic soil improving organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the fixed plate rack (32) is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the machine body (1), uniform annular slideways are arranged on the surface of the fixed plate rack and are matched with the surface of the net plate (31), notches are formed in the surfaces of the annular slideways and are communicated with adjacent annular sliding grooves, the notches on the surfaces of the adjacent annular slideways are not in the same direction, and the annular slideways close to the conveying channel (33) are communicated with the surface of the conveying channel (33).

8. The device for preparing the strongly acidic soil improving organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the upper surface of organism (1) is provided with feed plate (5), even feed inlet (51) have been seted up on the surface of feed plate (5), the inside of feed plate (5) is provided with feed mechanism (6), feed mechanism (6) include eccentric disc (61), striker plate (62) and go-between (63).

9. The apparatus for preparing organic fertilizer for strongly acidic soil improvement according to claim 8, wherein: eccentric disc (61) with transmission shaft (2) fixed connection, striker plate (62) with feed plate (5) sliding connection, with feed inlet (51) looks adaptation, go-between (63) are located the lower surface of striker plate (62), with eccentric disc (61) sliding connection.

10. The apparatus for preparing organic fertilizer for strongly acidic soil improvement according to claim 8, wherein: the lower extreme of baffle (4) is provided with selects separately dish (7), the surface of selecting separately dish (7) is provided with even separation slide (71), the lower surface of selecting separately dish (7) is provided with two at least conveying mouth (8), the lower extreme of conveying mouth (8) all is provided with discharging pipe (9), it adopts the set square design to select separately slide (71), adjacent two leave the space between selecting separately slide (71), and is nearer apart from the internal surface of organism (1), and the width in space is big more.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a strong-acid soil improvement organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The organic fertilizer is a fertilizer which utilizes nutrient substances contained in animals or plants as main nutrient components for providing soil, the content of the nutrient substances in the soil can be effectively increased by reasonable use of the organic fertilizer, the growth of the plants is facilitated, the environment of the soil can be improved, the toxic and harmful substances can be inhibited, the strong-acid soil is the soil with higher acidity, the soil is thin and sour, the content of the nutrient substances suitable for the growth of the plants is low, the normal growth of the plants is not facilitated, and the strong-acid soil can be improved by the organic fertilizer.

When using, the existing organic fertilizer has poor improvement effect on strong acid soil, can not effectively improve the growth condition of plants, does not have good waste materials in life, is unreasonable in resource utilization, has high production cost, is not matched with the yield of crops to a certain extent, and can reduce the influence of people on using the organic fertilizer on the improvement of the strong acid soil.

In order to solve the problems, the organic fertilizer for improving the strong acid soil and the preparation method are provided, the strong acid soil can be reasonably improved, the soil improvement effect is good, waste materials in life can be reasonably utilized in the production of the organic fertilizer, the production cost of the organic fertilizer is favorably reduced, and the initiative of people in improving the strong acid soil is favorably improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to realize the purposes of the strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50-65 parts of sphagnum; 45-55 parts of chicken manure; 25-30 parts of clay; 10-15 parts of diatomite; 35-45 parts of straw particles; 3-5 parts of a leavening agent; 15-20 parts of lime powder; 30-40 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; 8-12 parts of saccharides.

Furthermore, the sphagnum is plant particles after air drying, the chicken manure is dewatered manure blocks, and the inside of the fermentation agent contains filamentous fungi, saccharomycetes and bacteria.

A method for improving organic fertilizer by strong acid soil comprises the following steps:

s1, taking air-dried sphagnum, chicken manure blocks, clay, diatomite, crushed straw particles, a leavening agent, lime powder, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and saccharides according to the mass parts of the raw materials;

s2, selecting a mixing device, putting chicken manure blocks into the mixing device, adding a proper amount of water and soaking, putting sphagnum, diatomite and clay into the mixing device, mixing the sphagnum, diatomite and clay with the chicken manure blocks, putting straw particles and a leavening agent into the mixture, continuously mixing and stirring by using the mixing device, stopping mixing after uniformly stirring, and fermenting the mixture in the mixing device by using the mixing device;

s3, taking lime powder, adding water into the lime powder until the lime powder is completely dissolved in the water, then uniformly spraying the lime water into the mixture fermented in the S2, and mixing and stirring by using a mixing device;

s4, taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and putting sugars into the mixture in the S4, and continuously mixing and processing by using mixing equipment;

s5, taking the mixture in the step S4 out of the mixing equipment, dehydrating and agglomerating the mixture, and crushing the agglomerated material by using crushing equipment;

s6, adding the material crushed in the step S5 into granulation equipment, processing the material into granules by the granulation equipment, and drying and cooling the granules;

and S7, screening the material particles processed in the step S6 by using screening equipment, and then equally packaging the sorted qualified material particles.

Further, the chicken manure blocks in the S2 are soaked for 1.5-2h, the fermentation temperature is 42-52 ℃, and the fermentation time is 60-72 h.

The utility model provides a preparation facilities of strong acid soil improvement fertilizer, includes the organism, the inside of organism is provided with the transmission shaft, the inside of organism is provided with the mechanism of selecting materials, the mechanism of selecting materials includes net dish, bellying, fixed plate rail, transfer passage, pressure section of thick bamboo, ejection of compact way, the lower surface of net dish rotates and is connected with the baffle.

Furthermore, the upper surface of net dish adopts the design of convex curved surface, and the surface is equipped with the mesh, with transmission shaft fixed connection, bellying evenly distributed is in the surface of net dish.

Furthermore, the fixed plate frame is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the machine body, uniform annular slide ways are arranged on the surface of the fixed plate frame and are matched with the surface of the net plate, notches are formed in the surfaces of the annular slide ways and are communicated with the adjacent annular slide ways, the notches on the surfaces of the adjacent annular slide ways are not in the same direction, and the annular slide ways close to the conveying channel are communicated with the surface of the conveying channel.

The upper surface of organism is provided with the feed plate, even feed inlet has been seted up on the surface of feed plate, the inside of feed plate is provided with feed mechanism, feed mechanism includes eccentric disc, striker plate and go-between.

Further, the eccentric disc with transmission shaft fixed connection, the striker plate with feed plate sliding connection, with feed inlet looks adaptation, the go-between is located the lower surface of striker plate, with eccentric disc sliding connection.

The lower extreme of baffle is provided with selects separately the dish, the surface of selecting separately the dish is provided with even separation slide, the lower surface of selecting separately the dish is provided with two at least material conveying mouths, the lower extreme of material conveying mouth all is provided with the discharging pipe, it adopts the set-square design to select separately the slide, adjacent two leave the space between the separation slide, and is more near apart from the internal surface of organism, and the width in space is big more.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the organic fertilizer for improving the strong-acid soil and the preparation method thereof, through the use of peat moss and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, nutrient substances beneficial to plant production can be provided for the strong-acid soil, the chicken manure, straw particles and a leavening agent are used in a matched manner, resources in life can be reasonably utilized, the production cost of the organic fertilizer can be effectively reduced while the nutrient substances are provided for the soil, the use of lime powder can adjust the acidity in the strong-acid soil, the content of alkali metal in the soil is increased, and the effect of improving the strong-acid soil is favorably improved.

2. This strong acid soil improvement fertilizer and preparation method, cooperation through eccentric disc and striker plate is used, the speed of steerable fertilizer granule feeding, prevent that the fertilizer granule from blockking up, simultaneously can be with fertilizer granule homodisperse on the surface of net dish, be convenient for sieve the processing to the fertilizer granule, the net dish is used with the cooperation of fixed plate rail, can sieve fashioned fertilizer granule, the conveyer way is used with the cooperation of pressing a section of thick bamboo, can handle unqualified fertilizer granule, prevent that the fertilizer granule from bonding together, reduce the granularity of fertilizer granule, the cooperation of sorting dish and sorting slide is used, can carry out the back election to the fertilizer granule of different granularities and carry, be favorable to improving the effect of fertilizer granule bagging-off.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a first schematic diagram illustrating a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a body; 2. a drive shaft; 3. a material selecting mechanism; 31. a net disk; 311. a boss portion; 32. fixing the tray frame; 33. a conveying path; 34. pressing the cylinder; 35. a discharging channel; 4. a guide plate; 5. a feeding plate; 51. a feed inlet; 6. a feeding mechanism; 61. an eccentric disc; 62. a striker plate; 63. a connecting ring; 7. a sorting tray; 71. sorting sliding plates; 8. a material conveying port; 9. and (4) discharging the pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof have the following embodiments:

a strong acid soil improvement organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50-65 parts of sphagnum; 45-55 parts of chicken manure; 25-30 parts of clay; 10-15 parts of diatomite; 35-45 parts of straw particles; 3-5 parts of a leavening agent; 15-20 parts of lime powder; 30-40 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; 8-12 parts of saccharides.

The sphagnum is plant particles after air drying, the chicken manure is dewatered manure blocks, and the inside of the fermentation agent contains filamentous fungi, saccharomycetes and bacteria.

A method for improving organic fertilizer by strong acid soil comprises the following steps:

s1, taking air-dried sphagnum, chicken manure blocks, clay, diatomite, crushed straw particles, a leavening agent, lime powder, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and saccharides according to the mass parts of the raw materials;

s2, selecting a mixing device, putting chicken manure blocks into the mixing device, adding a proper amount of water and soaking, putting sphagnum, diatomite and clay into the mixing device, mixing the sphagnum, diatomite and clay with the chicken manure blocks, putting straw particles and a leavening agent into the mixture, continuously mixing and stirring by using the mixing device, stopping mixing after uniformly stirring, and fermenting the mixture in the mixing device by using the mixing device;

s3, taking lime powder, adding water into the lime powder until the lime powder is completely dissolved in the water, then uniformly spraying the lime water into the mixture fermented in the S2, and mixing and stirring by using a mixing device;

s4, taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and putting sugars into the mixture in the S4, and continuously mixing and processing by using mixing equipment;

s5, taking the mixture in the step S4 out of the mixing equipment, dehydrating and agglomerating the mixture, and crushing the agglomerated material by using crushing equipment;

s6, adding the material crushed in the step S5 into granulation equipment, processing the material into granules by the granulation equipment, and drying and cooling the granules;

and S7, screening the material particles processed in the step S6 by using screening equipment, and then equally packaging the sorted qualified material particles.

The soaking time of the chicken manure blocks in the S2 is 1.5-2h, the fermentation temperature is 42-52 ℃, and the fermentation time is 60-72 h.

Through the use of sphagnum and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, nutrient substances beneficial to plant production can be provided for strong acid soil, the chicken manure, straw particles and a leavening agent are matched for use, resources in life can be reasonably utilized, the cost for producing organic fertilizers can be effectively reduced while nutrient substances are provided for the soil, the acidity in the strong acid soil can be adjusted through the use of lime powder, the content of alkali metal in the soil is increased, and the effect of improving the strong acid soil is favorably improved.

Referring to fig. 1-6, a device for preparing organic fertilizer for improving strong acid soil comprises a machine body 1, a transmission shaft 2 is arranged inside the machine body 1 and used for driving an eccentric disc 61 and a net disc 31 to rotate, a material selecting mechanism 3 is arranged inside the machine body 1 and used for screening fertilizer particles, the material selecting mechanism 3 comprises a net disc 31, a protruding part 311, a fixed disc frame 32, a conveying channel 33, a pressing cylinder 34 and a discharging channel 35, and a guide plate 4 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the net disc 31 and used for conveying the fertilizer particles to the surface of a sorting disc 7.

The upper surface of the net disc 31 adopts a convex curved surface design, the surface is provided with meshes and is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 2, and the convex parts 311 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the net disc 31.

The design surface fertilizer granule of net dish 31 removes on the surface of net dish 31, improves the effect of fertilizer granule at the screening of net dish 31 surface, and the removal of unqualified fertilizer granule is convenient for drive to the design of bellying 311.

The fixed plate frame 32 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the machine body 1, uniform annular slide ways are arranged on the surface of the fixed plate frame and are matched with the surface of the net plate 31, notches are formed in the surfaces of the annular slide ways and are communicated with adjacent annular slide ways, the notches on the surfaces of the adjacent annular slide ways are not in the same direction, and the annular slide ways close to the conveying channel 33 are communicated with the surface of the conveying channel 33.

The design of fixed plate frame 32 can increase the stroke that the fertilizer granule moved on net dish 31 surface, improves the throughput rate of fertilizer granule screening, can carry out alone to unqualified fertilizer granule simultaneously.

The upper surface of organism 1 is provided with feed plate 5, and even feed inlet 51 has been seted up on the surface of feed plate 5 for carry the fertilizer granule organism 1 in, the inside of feed plate 5 is provided with feed mechanism 6 for the feeding of control fertilizer granule, feed mechanism 6 includes eccentric disc 61, striker plate 62 and go-between 63.

Through the cooperation between the above-mentioned mechanism, can realize the orderly feeding to the fertilizer granule, prevent that the fertilizer granule from blockking up, can evenly carry the surface of net dish 31 with the fertilizer granule simultaneously.

Eccentric disc 61 and transmission shaft 2 fixed connection, striker plate 62 and feed plate 5 sliding connection, with feed inlet 51 looks adaptation, go-between 63 is located the lower surface of striker plate 62, with eccentric disc 61 sliding connection.

The eccentric disc 61 and the striker plate 62 are matched, so that the opening and closing of the feed inlet 51 can be controlled in sequence, the ordered feeding operation of fertilizer particles is facilitated, and meanwhile, the fertilizer particles can be uniformly conveyed to the surface of the net disc 31.

The lower extreme of baffle 4 is provided with selects separately dish 7, the surface of selecting separately dish 7 is provided with even separation slide 71, a fertilizer granule for to different granularities is selected separately, the lower surface of selecting separately dish 7 is provided with two at least delivery ports 8, a fertilizer granule for similar to the granularity is collected, the lower extreme of delivery port 8 all is provided with discharging pipe 9, a carry the collection to fertilizer granule, it adopts the set-square design to select separately slide 71, leave the space between two adjacent separation slides 71, it is more close apart from organism 1's internal surface, the width in space is big more.

Through the cooperation of above-mentioned structure, can separately carry the collection to the fertilizer granule of different granularities, be favorable to improving the homogeneity of fertilizer granule, improve the effect of fertilizer granule packing production.

When using, put into the surface of feed plate 5 with fashioned fertilizer granule, make transmission shaft 2 rotate through relevant drive device, transmission shaft 2 can drive eccentric disc 61 and rotate, eccentric disc 61 drives striker plate 62 group's circular orbit through go-between 63 and removes, when striker plate 62 removed, can break away from with the feed inlet 51 on feed plate 5 surface in succession, at this moment, the fertilizer granule on feed plate 5 surface can be continuous enters into the inside of organism 1 from the different feed inlets 51 in feed plate 5 surface, then drops on the surface of net dish 31.

When the fertilizer granule drops on the surface of net dish 31, can be kept off the surface at net dish 31 by fixed plate rail 32, when transmission shaft 2 rotates, can drive net dish 31 simultaneously and rotate, and net dish 31 can drive the fertilizer granule and remove under the auxiliary action of its surperficial bellying 311, and the fertilizer granule of compound standard can continue to drop downwards through the mesh on net dish 31 surface to enter into the surface of sorting tray 7, and slide to the direction of organism 1 inboard surface through sorting slide 71.

The granularity of fertilizer granule is big more, the gliding distance is far away more on sorting slide 71 surface, the close fertilizer granule of granularity can fall into same material transmission mouth 8, and enter into discharging pipe 9 through material transmission mouth 8, can collect qualified fertilizer granule through utilizing discharging pipe 9, can stop in net dish 31 and drive the surface for qualified fertilizer granule, along with net dish 31's rotation, the fertilizer granule can be through the notch of annular slide side surface in fixed plate rail 32 constantly to the direction removal of transfer passage 33, the final landing is to the surface of transfer passage 33.

When fertilizer granule entered into the surface of transfer passage 33, can continue to slide to the direction of organism 1 inside surface, start pressure section of thick bamboo 34 through relevant drive arrangement, when pressure section of thick bamboo 34 rotated, can contact with the fertilizer granule that bonds together, and exert pressure to fertilizer granule, thereby will bond together fertilizer granule separately, with this granularity that reduces fertilizer granule, fertilizer granule after the separation can enter into ejection of compact way 35, the single transport, can continue to add the surface of feed plate 5 with fertilizer granule after the separation, sort fertilizer granule.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.