阅读说明：本技术 一种粉末冶金-轧制制备铝合金/铝基复合材料复合板的方法 (Method for preparing aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material composite board through powder metallurgy-rolling ) 是由 刘文昌 王志杰 张文飞 孙海洋 杜鹏 于 2021-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于金属基复合材料的制造技术领域,具体涉及一种利用粉末冶金和轧制制备铝合金/铝基复合材料复合板的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤：步骤一、制备铝合金粉末、铝基复合材料粉末；步骤二、将铝合金粉末、铝基复合材料粉末、铝合金粉末依次平铺于烧结模具中,随后进行放电等离子烧结,得到铝合金/铝基复合材料块体；步骤三、对步骤二中的铝合金/铝基复合材料块体进行多道次热轧处理,得到铝合金/铝基复合材料复合板材。本发明所制得的铝合金/铝基复合材料的复合板的力学性能较普通铝基复合材料有明显提高,另外该方法制备的复合板材不会有复合界面存在,从而减少界面氧化对复合板材力学性能的影响。(The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate by utilizing powder metallurgy and rolling. The method comprises the following steps: step one, preparing aluminum alloy powder and aluminum matrix composite powder; step two, paving the aluminum alloy powder, the aluminum-based composite material powder and the aluminum alloy powder in a sintering mold in sequence, and then performing discharge plasma sintering to obtain an aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material block; and step three, carrying out multi-pass hot rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material block in the step two to obtain the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate. The mechanical property of the composite plate of the aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material prepared by the invention is obviously improved compared with that of the common aluminum-based composite material, and in addition, the composite plate prepared by the method does not have a composite interface, so that the influence of interface oxidation on the mechanical property of the composite plate is reduced.)

1. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite plate by powder metallurgy-rolling is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing aluminum alloy powder and aluminum matrix composite powder;

step two, paving the aluminum alloy powder, the aluminum-based composite material powder and the aluminum alloy powder in a sintering mold in sequence, and then performing discharge plasma sintering to obtain an aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material block;

and step three, carrying out multi-pass hot rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material block in the step two to obtain the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy powder is 1060 aluminum alloy powder; the aluminum-based composite material powder is a mixture of 1060 aluminum alloy powder and SiC nanoparticles.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy powder, the aluminum-based composite material powder and the aluminum alloy powder paved in the sintering die is 1: 2: 1 or 1: 1.5: 1.

4. the method of claim 1, wherein: the sintering temperature range is 530-560 ℃, and the pressure is 30-50 MPa.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the multi-pass hot rolling treatment in the third step comprises the following steps: preheating in a heat treatment furnace for 5-15 min at 300-550 ℃; and carrying out reciprocating rolling on the heated aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material block under a double-roller rolling mill, so that the deformation of each pass of the multi-pass rolling is 10-15%, and the total deformation is 65-75%.

6. An aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite plate obtained by the production method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate is stacked in the order of aluminum alloy-aluminum matrix composite material-aluminum alloy from top to bottom.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate by powder metallurgy and rolling.

Background

The composite board with aluminum alloy as basic component is one kind of common composite metal material with wide use. The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of good formability, ductility and the like due to the addition of the aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy-based composite board is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, machinery, construction, electronics and the like.

In the prior art, the main preparation methods of the aluminum alloy-based composite plate are an explosion cladding method, a diffusion cladding method, a cast-rolling cladding method and a rolling cladding method. The rolling and compounding are the most common preparation method for the metal composite plate strip due to economic, efficient and controllable factors. However, the interface joint of the hot-rolled composite plate is easily oxidized, so that the bonding strength of the composite plate is reduced and the comprehensive mechanical property of the composite plate is reduced. Researchers have proposed many techniques to increase the bondability of the constituent elements of a composite panel. For example, chinese patent (CN 109647883B) discloses a method for preventing oxidation of the interface of a rolled metal composite plate, which is performed by sealing the interface of the composite plate and then hot rolling to improve the interface bonding and mechanical properties of the composite plate. But the operation steps are complicated, the working efficiency is low, and the industrial application of the method is limited.

The aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material composite plate is prepared by the aluminum alloy powder and the aluminum-based composite material powder in a powder metallurgy and rolling mode, and the problem of interface oxidation is fundamentally avoided. The present invention thus provides a novel method to prepare metal composite panels.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a novel preparation method of an aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material composite plate with good mechanical property for improving the interfacial bonding property of a hot-rolled composite plate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material composite plate by powder metallurgy-rolling, which comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing aluminum alloy powder and aluminum matrix composite powder;

step two, paving the aluminum alloy powder, the aluminum-based composite material powder and the aluminum alloy powder in a sintering mold in sequence, and then performing discharge plasma sintering to obtain an aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material block;

and step three, carrying out multi-pass hot rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material block in the step two to obtain the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate.

In the above technical solution, further, the aluminum alloy powder is 1060 aluminum alloy powder; the aluminum-based composite material powder is a mixture of 1060 aluminum alloy powder and SiC nanoparticles.

In the above technical solution, further, in the second step, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy powder, the aluminum-based composite powder, and the aluminum alloy powder spread in the sintering mold is 1: 2: 1 or 1: 1.5: 1.

in the above technical scheme, further, the sintering temperature range is 530 ℃ to 560 ℃, and the pressure is 30 MPa to 50 MPa.

In the above technical solution, further, the multi-pass hot rolling treatment in the third step is: preheating in a heat treatment furnace for 5-15 min at 300-550 ℃; and carrying out reciprocating rolling on the heated aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material block under a double-roller rolling mill, so that the deformation of each pass of the multi-pass rolling is 10-15%, and the total deformation is 65-75%.

The invention also provides an aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate prepared by the preparation method.

In the above technical solution, further, the stacking sequence of the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite plates is from top to bottom in sequence of aluminum alloy-aluminum matrix composite-aluminum alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

compared with the aluminum-based composite material obtained after common sintering treatment, the aluminum alloy powder layer is introduced, then the aluminum alloy powder layer and the aluminum-based composite material powder layer are alternately paved to form a sandwich structure, and then the sandwich structure material is sintered and rolled to form the aluminum alloy/aluminum-based composite material/aluminum alloy composite plate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of the 1060/Al-0.5% SiC/1060 composite sheet prepared according to example 2 of the invention at the interface;

FIG. 2 is a metallographic photograph of the 1060/Al-0.5% SiC/1060 composite plate prepared according to example 3 of the invention at the interface.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail as follows:

firstly, preparing 1060 aluminum alloy powder; uniformly mixing 1060 aluminum alloy powder and SiC powder by using a ball milling method or other stirring methods to obtain aluminum matrix composite powder;

step two, paving 1060 aluminum alloy powder, aluminum-based composite material powder and 1060 aluminum alloy powder in the die in sequence, wherein the paving thickness proportion is 1: 2: 1 or 1: 1.5: 1, sintering a sample by using a spark plasma sintering technology, wherein the sintering temperature is 560 ℃, and the pressure is 50MPa, so as to form an aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material block;

step three, preheating the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material block in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the preheating time is 15min, and the heating temperature is 500 ℃;

and step four, performing reciprocating rolling on the heated aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material block under a double-roller rolling mill, wherein the deformation is about 70%, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy/aluminum matrix composite material composite plate.

Example 1

Step one, fully mixing SiC powder (with the particle diameter of about 50nm) with the volume fraction of 0.5% and 1060 aluminum alloy powder (with the particle diameter of about 40 mu m) in an alcohol solution by a stirring mode, and drying by a vacuum drying oven;

step two, flatly paving 1060 aluminum alloy powder in a sintering mold, then paving the mixed aluminum-based composite material powder above the sintering mold, and then paving a layer of 1060 aluminum alloy powder, wherein the paving thickness ratio is 1: 1.5: 1, sintering the powder by adopting a discharge type plasma sintering furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 560 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and the heat preservation time is 3 minutes;

step three, preheating the sintered sample in a muffle furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 15 minutes;

and step four, performing multi-pass rolling treatment on the sample under a double-roller mill, wherein the deformation of each pass is about 15%, and finally obtaining the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite plate with the total deformation of 70%.

Comparative example 1

The Al/Al-SiC/Al composite board prepared by hot rolling by the traditional method comprises the following steps:

mixing a SiC particle reinforcement and 1060 aluminum alloy powder to obtain a composite material precursor, wherein the volume fraction of the reinforcement in the composite material is 0.5%, sintering the mixed composite material at 560 ℃ and 50MPa for 3 minutes to form an aluminum-based composite material block;

step two, manufacturing 1060 aluminum alloy plates, and annealing the aluminum alloy plates;

step three, respectively cleaning the surfaces of the aluminum-based composite material plate in the step one and the aluminum alloy plate in the step two, then cutting, combining, stacking and fixing the aluminum-based composite material plate in the form of 1060 aluminum alloy-1060 aluminum alloy to form a pre-rolled plate, and then placing the pre-rolled plate into a muffle furnace to be preheated for 15 minutes at the heating temperature of 500 ℃;

and step four, carrying out rolling deformation treatment on the heated pre-rolled plate by adopting a double-roller rolling mill, wherein the deformation is 70%, so as to obtain the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite plate.

Table 1 shows the comparison of the mechanical property test results of the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite board prepared in example 1 and the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite board prepared in comparative example 1, and it can be clearly observed from Table 1 that the tensile strength and the elongation rate of the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite board are more excellent.

Table 1 tensile properties test data for composite panels prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1

Sample (I)	Yield strength (MPa)	Tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation (%)
				Example 1	111.3	158.9	16.7
Comparative example 1	76.1	151.2	8.2

Example 2

Step one, fully mixing SiC powder (with the particle diameter of about 50nm) with the volume fraction of 0.5% and 1060 aluminum alloy powder (with the particle diameter of about 40 mu m) in a solution stirring mode, and drying by using a vacuum drying oven;

step two, flatly paving 1060 aluminum alloy powder in a sintering mold, then paving the mixed aluminum-based composite material powder above the sintering mold, and then paving a layer of 1060 aluminum alloy powder, wherein the paving thickness ratio is 1: 2: 1, sintering the powder by adopting a discharge type plasma sintering furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 560 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and the heat preservation time is 3 minutes;

step three, preheating the sintered sample in a muffle furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 15 minutes;

and step four, performing multi-pass rolling treatment on the sample under a double-roller mill, wherein the deformation of each pass is about 15%, and finally obtaining the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite plate with the total deformation of 70%.

The metallographic photograph of the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite plate interface shown in FIG. 1 shows that the composite interface is difficult to observe, which means that compared with the traditional rolling composite method, the phenomenon that the interface is oxidized does not occur.

Example 3

Step one, fully mixing SiC powder (with the particle diameter of about 50nm) with the volume fraction of 0.2% and 1060 aluminum alloy powder (with the particle diameter of about 40 mu m) in an alcohol solution by a stirring mode, and drying by a vacuum drying oven;

step two, flatly paving 1060 aluminum alloy powder in a sintering mold, then paving the mixed aluminum-based composite material powder above the sintering mold, and then paving a layer of 1060 aluminum alloy powder, wherein the paving thickness ratio is 1: 2: 1, sintering the powder by adopting a discharge type plasma sintering furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 560 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and the heat preservation time is 3 minutes;

step three, preheating the sintered sample in a muffle furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 15 minutes;

and step four, performing multi-pass rolling treatment on the sample under a double-roller mill, wherein the deformation of each pass is about 15%, and finally obtaining the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite plate with the total deformation of 70%.

FIG. 2 is a metallographic photograph of the 1060/Al-0.5% SiC/1060 composite plate at the interface, as shown in FIG. 2, with no oxide layer at the Al/Al-SiC/Al composite plate interface.