阅读说明：本技术 一种基于力流变抛光技术的滚珠丝杠抛光方法 (Ball screw polishing method based on force rheological polishing technology ) 是由 吕冰海 蔡靖宇 段世祥 祝佳俊 邓乾发 于 2021-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于力流变抛光技术的滚珠丝杠抛光方法,加工过程中,抛光液随传送带运送到丝杠下方,与丝杠滚道发生接触,抛光液与丝杠之间的相对速度超过设定阈值时而产生力流变效应,抛光液中均匀分布的聚合物汇聚与磨粒一起形成“粒子簇”,在高剪切速度下,由于丝杠处于自转运动,“粒子簇”在丝杠的滚道部位流动,使得“粒子簇”与滚道部位充分接触。本发明利用抛光液的力流变效应,提供一种滚珠丝杠表面的高效、高质量和柔性抛光的方法及装置。(A ball screw polishing method based on a force rheological polishing technology is characterized in that in the processing process, polishing liquid is conveyed to the lower portion of a screw along with a conveyor belt and is in contact with a screw raceway, a force rheological effect is generated when the relative speed between the polishing liquid and the screw exceeds a set threshold value, polymers uniformly distributed in the polishing liquid are gathered and form particle clusters together with abrasive particles, and the particle clusters flow at the raceway portion of the screw due to the fact that the screw is in self-rotation motion at a high shearing speed, so that the particle clusters are in full contact with the raceway portion. The invention provides a method and a device for efficiently, high-quality and flexibly polishing the surface of a ball screw by utilizing the rheologic effect of polishing solution.)

1. A ball screw polishing method based on a force rheological polishing technology is characterized in that a screw is arranged in a fixture device, the fixture device is arranged between portal frames, and the portal frames are arranged on an installation chassis; adding polishing solution into a polishing solution tank provided with a conveyor belt device to enable the polishing solution to adhere to the conveyor belt; the motor of the conveyor belt device is started, the conveyor belt moves under the driving of the rotating shaft, the adhered polishing solution rotates along with the surface of the conveyor belt and is conveyed to the lower part of the screw rod, the polishing solution is in contact with the surface of the screw rod, a force rheological effect is generated when the relative speed between the polishing solution and the screw rod exceeds a certain threshold value, and the uniformly dispersed polymers in the polishing solution are gathered on the abrasive particles to form a particle cluster, so that the polishing solution has the characteristic similar to solid, and the high-efficiency and high-quality polishing is carried out on the screw rod raceway.

2. The ball screw polishing method based on the force rheology polishing technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lead screw is arranged above the conveyor belt, the lead screw is fixed on the portal frame, the lead screw reciprocates left and right along with the portal frame, and the lead screw rotates automatically.

3. The ball screw polishing method based on the force rheology polishing technique according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the distance between the screw and the upper surface of the conveyor belt is 0.5-2cm, the liquid level of the polishing solution in the polishing tank is 1-5cm higher than the lower surface of the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is 1-3m/s, the moving speed of the portal frame is 2-5mm/s, and the rotation speed of the screw is 20-50 rpm.

4. The ball screw polishing method based on the force rheology polishing technique according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the polishing solution consists of a rheologic base solution, abrasive particles, an active additive and a chemical corrosive agent; the grain diameter of the abrasive grain is from #3000 to # 10000; the abrasive particles are a mixture of one or more of the following: alumina, diamond, silica or ceria; the abrasive particles account for 10-40% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution; the active additive is one or a mixture of more of cationic surfactant, anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant; the active additive accounts for 1-5% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution; the chemical corrosive is Fenton reagent; the actual Fenton ratio is that the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.1-0.25 wt%.

5. The ball screw polishing method based on the force rheology polishing technique according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the processing process, the processing temperature is 20-40 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to precision and ultra-precision machining technologies, in particular to a ball screw polishing method based on a force rheological polishing technology.

Background

With the development of the industrial industry, the industrial technology puts forward performance requirements on high speed, high precision, high reliability and the like on machine tools and special instruments and equipment. The ball screws required today have a combination of high precision grade, low surface roughness, wear resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion and high stability requirements compared to ball screws machined by conventional methods. The ball screw is a workpiece for converting rotary motion into linear motion or converting linear motion into rotary motion, is the most commonly used transmission element on tool machinery and precision machinery, has the characteristics of high precision, reversibility and high efficiency, and is widely applied to various industrial equipment and precision instruments.

At present, the traditional processing method of the ball screw mainly takes the fluid polishing industry as a main part, and the method needs to fix the screw in a corresponding clamp and grind a workpiece from top to bottom through fluid grinding materials. In the grinding process, the grinding agent is one of important process factors influencing the processing efficiency and quality of the ball screw. The grinding agent generally consists of three parts of grinding material, grinding base liquid and additive. The abrasive should have good grinding performance (certain hardness, toughness, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and chemical stability). The grinding materials have different compositions, concentrations and particle sizes and different grinding effects. The main functions of the grinding base liquid are to adhere abrasive and to cool, and have the effect of improving grinding efficiency and surface processing quality. The additive mainly plays a role in improving the affinity between the abrasive and the ball screw, lubricating, preventing rust, promoting chemical reaction and the like.

However, the conventional ball screw has a small number of grinding methods, and the effect obtained by the conventional grinding method is not ideal, and the surface of the processed screw cannot achieve high accuracy. The main reason is because ball's surface machining is comparatively complicated, needs each recess to ball evenly process. The force rheological polishing utilizes the force rheological property of non-Newtonian fluid to form a 'flexible fixed grinding tool' in the contact area of polishing liquid and a workpiece, so that the efficient polishing of the grooves on the surface of the workpiece is realized. Meanwhile, the polishing solution has certain fluidity, and can meet the polishing requirement on the ball screw. Therefore, the machines which are specially used for processing the ball screw are few in the market at present, mainly comprising a polishing machine, and the polishing of the ball screw by the mode and the device has the following main problems: 1) each surface cannot be effectively and uniformly processed, and the polishing efficiency is low; 2) the operation of the polishing machine is unstable; 3) the cylinder is prone to abnormal rattling.

Disclosure of Invention

The problems that the precision is low, the surface of each ball screw is machined unevenly and the like easily occur in the existing ball screw polishing process are solved; aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a ball screw polishing method for processing the surface of a screw based on a force rheological polishing technology, and the method utilizes the force rheological effect of a force rheological polishing solution to realize the high-efficiency, high-quality and flexible polishing of the surface of a complex screw; the ball screw polisher is designed, labor cost is reduced, production benefits are improved, and the problem that a ball screw polishing device is short in the market at present is solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a ball screw polishing method based on a force rheological polishing technology is characterized in that a screw is arranged in a fixture device, the fixture device is arranged between portal frames, and the portal frames are arranged on an installation chassis; adding polishing solution into a polishing solution tank provided with a conveyor belt device to enable the polishing solution to adhere to the conveyor belt; the motor of the conveyor belt device is started, the conveyor belt moves under the driving of the rotating shaft, the adhered polishing solution rotates along with the surface of the conveyor belt and is conveyed to the lower part of the screw rod, the polishing solution is in contact with the surface of the screw rod, a force rheological effect is generated when the relative speed between the polishing solution and the screw rod exceeds a set threshold value, and the uniformly dispersed polymers in the polishing solution are gathered on abrasive particles to form a particle cluster, so that the polishing solution has the characteristic similar to solid, and the high-efficiency and high-quality polishing is carried out on the screw rod raceway.

Furthermore, the lead screw is arranged above the conveyor belt, the lead screw is fixed on the portal frame, the lead screw reciprocates left and right along with the portal frame, and the lead screw rotates automatically.

Furthermore, the distance between the lead screw and the upper surface of the conveyor belt is 0.5-2cm, the liquid level of the polishing solution in the polishing tank is 1-5cm higher than the lower surface of the conveyor belt, the moving speed of the conveyor belt is 1-3m/s, the moving speed of the portal frame is 2-5mm/s, and the self-rotation speed of the lead screw is 20-50 rpm.

Further, the polishing solution consists of a rheologic base solution, abrasive particles, an active additive and a chemical corrosive agent; the grain diameter of the abrasive grain is between #3000 and # 10000; the abrasive particles are a mixture of one or more of the following: alumina, diamond, silica or ceria; the abrasive particles account for 10-40% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution; the active additive is one or a mixture of more of cationic surfactant, anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant; the active additive accounts for 1-5% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution; the chemical corrosive is Fenton reagent; the actual Fenton ratio is that the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.1-0.25 wt%.

Furthermore, the processing temperature is 20-40 ℃ in the processing process.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the efficient and high-quality polishing of the surface of the lead screw can be realized. (2) The lead screw is driven to move left and right through the autorotation of the lead screw and the portal frame, so that the surface of the lead screw can be uniformly processed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a ball screw polishing apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a microscopic view of ball screw polishing.

Fig. 3 is a microscopic schematic diagram of a ball screw based on a force rheological polishing technique.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a ball screw polishing method based on a rheo-mechanical polishing technology, wherein two sides of a screw 8 are respectively connected with two clamping devices (7, 11), the clamping device 7 is connected on a rotating shaft of a driving motor 6, the driving motor 6 is installed on a gantry frame, and the clamping devices 11 are directly fixed on the gantry frame 5 at the same height; the conveyor belt device 10 is embedded with a notch preset on the surface of the bottom of the polishing solution tank 2 to finish the fixing action, the polishing solution tank 2 is fixed with a device chassis 1 by screws, and the bottom of a portal frame 5 is matched with a guide rail 3 of the chassis; pouring the polishing solution 12 into the polishing solution tank 2 in which the conveyor belt device 10 is placed; starting the autorotation driving motor 6, and driving the lead screw 8 to perform autorotation motion; starting a left and right driving motor 4, controlling a portal frame 5 to move, and driving a screw 8 to reciprocate left and right; starting a conveying driving motor 9 to control the movement of a conveying belt device 10; in the processing process, the polishing solution 12 is conveyed to the lower part of a screw rod along with a conveyor belt 10 and is contacted with a screw rod raceway, when the relative speed between the polishing solution 12 and the screw rod 8 exceeds a certain threshold value, a force rheological effect is generated, and polymers uniformly distributed in the polishing solution 12 are gathered and form a particle cluster 14 together with abrasive particles 13, so that the polishing solution 12 has the characteristic similar to solid; under high shear speed, because the lead screw 8 is in autorotation motion, the particle cluster 14 flows at the raceway part of the lead screw to form a shear rheological region, so that the particle cluster 14 is fully contacted with the raceway part, and the raceway part is polished by wrapping abrasive particles 13.

Further, the lead screw 8 is arranged above the conveyor belt 10, the lead screw 10 is fixed on the portal frame 5, the lead screw 8 reciprocates left and right along with the portal frame 5, and the lead screw 8 rotates automatically.

Further, the polishing solution 12 is composed of a rheological base solution, abrasive particles, a reactive additive and a chemical corrosive agent; the grain diameter of the abrasive grain is between #3000 and # 10000; the abrasive particles are a mixture of one or more of the following: alumina, diamond, silica or ceria; the abrasive particles account for 10-40% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution; the active additive is one or a mixture of more of cationic surfactant, anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant; the active additive accounts for 1-5% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution; the chemical corrosive is Fenton reagent; the actual Fenton ratio is that the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.1-0.25 wt%.

Further, the liquid level of the polishing solution 12 is 1-5cm higher than the lower surface of the conveyor belt 10, and the distance between the lowest point of the screw 8 and the upper surface of the conveyor belt 10 is 0.5-2 cm.

Furthermore, the rotation direction of the lead screw 8 can be adjusted to be the same as or different from the rotation direction of the conveyor belt 10, the movement speed of the conveyor belt is 1-3m/s, and the rotation speed of the lead screw is 20-50 rpm.

Further, polishing fluid bath 2 is rectangular shape, and four blocks of curb plates all adopt acrylic glass to make, when preventing the polishing solution spill so that operating personnel observes the volume of inslot polishing solution.

Further, the operation of the conveyor belt 10 not only can drive the polishing solution 12 to contact the lead screw 8, but also can prevent the abrasive 13 in the polishing solution from precipitating.

Further, a rubber vibration isolation pad is arranged between the device base 1 and the polishing liquid tank 2, so that the adverse effect of vibration generated by the reciprocating motion of the portal frame 5 on the polishing process is reduced.

The ball screw polishing device based on the force-flow-deformation polishing technology comprises a polishing liquid tank 2, a conveyor belt device 10, an installation chassis 1 and a portal frame 5, wherein the polishing liquid tank 2 is used for containing polishing liquid 12, the conveyor belt device 10 is fixed above the polishing liquid tank 2, and the installation chassis 1 is used for fixing the position of the polishing liquid tank 2 and determining the motion track of the portal frame 5; the gantry frame 5 is arranged on the guide rail 3 in a left-right sliding mode, the gantry frame 5 is connected with a left driving motor 4 and a right driving motor 4 which are used for driving the gantry frame to reciprocate left and right, two lead screw clamps (7 and 11) are respectively fixed on the gantry frame 5, a station for assembling a ball screw 8 to be polished is arranged between the two lead screw clamps, the conveyor belt device 10 is located below the station, one lead screw 7 clamp is connected with an output shaft of the rotation driving motor 6, and the other lead screw clamp 11 is arranged on the gantry frame 5.

The bottom of the polishing liquid tank 2 is rectangular, so that the contact area is large, and the polishing liquid is driven by the rotation of the conveyor belt to process the ball screw 8; a waste material discharge port is formed at the bottom of the polishing liquid tank, the polishing liquid tank 2 is disassembled, and the polishing liquid 12 inside the polishing liquid tank can flow out of the discharge port under the action of self weight; the polishing solution 12 flows into the polishing solution tank 2 through manual addition, and the liquid level of the polishing solution 12 is 1-5cm higher than the lower surface of the conveyor belt 10; four side plates of the polishing solution tank are made of acrylic glass, so that the polishing solution is prevented from splashing, and an operator can conveniently observe the amount of the polishing solution in the tank.

The conveying belt device consists of a conveying driving motor 9 and a conveying belt 10; the transmission driving motor 9 is arranged above the conveyor belt 10, drives the conveyor belt 10 to rotate through a rotating shaft, and adheres to and drives the polishing solution 12 during rotation, and meanwhile, the function of preventing abrasive particles 13 in the polishing solution from precipitating is achieved; a gap is reserved between the conveyor belt device and the wall and the bottom of the polishing solution trough plate; the running speed of the conveyor belt can be adjusted by adjusting the conveying driving motor 9, and the running speed of the conveyor belt is 1-3 m/s;

the portal frame device consists of a self-rotation driving motor 6, two lead screw clamps (7, 11) and a portal frame 5, and the bottom of the portal frame is fixedly installed with a guide rail 3 of a device chassis; the gantry frame 5 is formed by mutually connecting two identical metal frames, two sides of a lead screw 8 are respectively connected with two lead screw clamps (7 and 11), one lead screw clamp 7 is connected on a rotating shaft of a rotation driving motor 6, the rotation driving motor 6 is arranged on the gantry frame, the other lead screw clamp 11 is directly fixed on the gantry frame 5 at the same height, and the distance between the lowest point of the lead screw 8 and the upper surface of a conveyor belt device 10 is 0.5-2 cm.

The device chassis is directly connected with the polishing liquid tank 2 by adopting a screw, and the bottom of the portal frame is fixed on a guide rail of the device chassis; a left driving motor 4 and a right driving motor 4 on a device chassis drive a guide rail 3 to drive a portal frame to reciprocate, so that the lead screw roller path can be polished; a rubber vibration isolation pad is arranged between the device chassis and the polishing liquid tank 2, so that the adverse effect of vibration generated by the reciprocating motion of the portal frame 5 on the polishing liquid tank 2 is reduced.

The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.