阅读说明：本技术 一种松材线虫病疫木热处理-微波-保温三段式处理方法 (Pine wood nematode disease wood heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation three-stage type treatment method ) 是由 梁明华 曾繁政 李创辉 钟远强 李勇强 林洁 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于松材线虫病疫木处理领域,公开了一种松材线虫病疫木热处理-微波-保温三段式处理方法,第一段对疫木方条或板材进行预热处理,使方条或板材中心温度到达35-45℃,第二段对疫木方条或板材进行微波处理,温度到达57-65℃,第三段对疫木方条或板材进行保温处理,保温时间30-60分钟,得到可利用的方条或板材。本发明将松材线虫病疫木变废为宝,处理过程将线虫及媒介昆虫完全杀灭,防止病疫蔓延,同时产生很高的经济价值。(The invention belongs to the field of pine wood nematode disease log treatment, and discloses a pine wood nematode disease log heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation three-stage treatment method, wherein in the first stage, the wood epidemic square bars or boards are subjected to preheating treatment, the central temperature of the wood epidemic square bars or boards reaches 35-45 ℃, in the second stage, the wood epidemic square bars or boards are subjected to microwave treatment, the temperature reaches 57-65 ℃, in the third stage, the wood epidemic square bars or boards are subjected to heat preservation treatment, and the heat preservation time is 30-60 minutes, so that available wood square bars or boards are obtained. The invention changes the pine wood nematode disease wood into valuable, completely kills the nematodes and vector insects in the treatment process, prevents the spread of diseases and simultaneously generates high economic value.)

1. A three-stage treatment method of pine wood nematode disease wood heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) cutting the pine wood nematode disease wood into square strips or plates, placing the wood square strips or plates into an insulation box 1 for preheating treatment, and controlling the central temperature of the wood square strips or plates to 35-45 ℃ according to a temperature control system in the insulation box 1;

(2) flatly spreading the epidemic wood square strips or plates subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) in a single layer mode to an input port of a shaft-roller type microwave treatment system, and enabling the epidemic wood square strips or plates to enter a microwave oven chamber through a conveyor belt to be subjected to microwave treatment to enable the central temperature of the epidemic wood square strips or plates to reach 57-65 ℃;

(3) and (3) putting the infected wood square strips or plates subjected to microwave treatment in the step (2) into an insulation box 2 for insulation to obtain the treated infected wood square strips or plates.

2. The three-stage heat treatment-microwave-insulation treatment method for the pine wood nematode infected wood according to claim 1, characterized in that the preheating treatment time is 20-60 minutes, and the preheating treatment environment temperature is maintained at 50-60 ℃.

3. The three-stage heat treatment-microwave-insulation treatment method for the pine wood nematode-infected wood according to claim 1, characterized in that the microwave treatment time is 3-10 minutes.

4. The pine wood nematode disease wood heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation three-stage treatment method of claim 1, wherein the heat preservation treatment time is 30-60 minutes, and the heat preservation treatment environment temperature is maintained at 65-75 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of pine wood nematode disease infected wood treatment, and particularly relates to a pine wood nematode disease infected wood treatment method.

Background

Pine wood nematode disease is a destructive forest disease caused by pine wood nematodes, belongs to a significant foreign invasive species in China, has been listed as an object for quarantine of forest plants in China to the outside and inside, is rapidly diffused and spread since 1982, causes death of a large number of needle leaf species such as black pines, red pines, Chinese red pines and the like, causes serious damage to pine wood resources, natural landscapes and ecological environments in China, and has huge economic loss. According to the national technical specification GB/T23477-. With the development of epidemic situations, the occurrence areas of the epidemic situations are more and more, and pine wood nematode disease has spread to 18 provinces (districts and cities) and 672 county-level administrative districts according to No. 4 of 2020 published Notification of national forestry and grassland bureau 2.2020. According to the speaking content of the pine wood nematode disease control television conference in China in 7 months in 2020, the pine wood nematode disease invades China for 38 years, the cumulative death of over 6 hundred million pine trees is achieved, and over 1900 ten million pine trees can be achieved in 2019. Due to the increase of epidemic trees, the incineration treatment mode not only causes huge economic loss, but also causes environmental pollution, so that the comprehensive utilization of the epidemic trees is of great significance. The heat treatment method is characterized in that heat is provided for the wood-stricken plate through hot gas convection movement, so that the wood-stricken plate is heated, the central temperature of the plate is slowly increased due to poor heat conductivity of the pine plate, the national pine nematode wood-stricken treatment technical specification GB/T23477-2009 requires that the central temperature of the plate reaches more than 65 ℃ and is maintained for 4 hours, and the treatment time is long; the microwave treatment method utilizes the heat effect and the non-heat effect of microwaves to treat the pine wood nematodes and the propagation media thereof, the microwaves can uniformly heat the plate according to the heating characteristics of the microwaves, and in the heating process, the temperature of the surface of the plate rises slowly due to the volatilization of water on the surface of the plate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pine wood nematode disease wood heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation three-stage treatment method aiming at the defects of the prior art, combines the heat treatment characteristics and the microwave treatment characteristics, and solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical scheme.

A three-stage treatment method of pine wood nematode disease wood heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) cutting the pine wood nematode disease wood into square strips or plates, placing the wood square strips or plates into an insulation box 1 for preheating treatment, and controlling the central temperature of the wood square strips or plates to 35-45 ℃ according to a temperature control system in the insulation box 1;

(2) flatly spreading the epidemic wood square strips or plates subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) in a single layer mode to an input port of a shaft-roller type microwave treatment system, and enabling the epidemic wood square strips or plates to enter a microwave oven chamber through a conveyor belt to be subjected to microwave treatment to enable the central temperature of the epidemic wood square strips or plates to reach 57-65 ℃;

(3) and (3) putting the infected wood square strips or plates subjected to microwave treatment in the step (2) into an insulation box 2 for insulation to obtain the treated infected wood square strips or plates.

Preferably, the preheating treatment time is 20-60 minutes, and the preheating treatment environment temperature is maintained at 50-60 ℃;

preferably, the microwave treatment time is 3-10 minutes;

preferably, the heat preservation treatment time is 30-60 minutes, and the heat preservation treatment environment temperature is maintained at 65-75 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the first section is used for preheating the epidemic wood square strips or boards, so that the temperature of the epidemic wood square strips or boards is raised, the microwave treatment time is reduced, and the microwave treatment efficiency is improved. In the second stage, the pine wood nematodes are treated by utilizing the pyrogenic effect and the non-pyrogenic effect of the microwaves, and simultaneously, the temperature of the wood-epidemic square strips or plates is raised to the critical temperature for killing the pine wood nematodes. And in the third stage, the temperature of the wood-stringy square strips or the plates is kept above the critical temperature for killing the nematodes by heat preservation, so that 100% killing of the pine wood nematodes and the vector insects is ensured.

(2) Compared with single heat treatment, the pine wood nematode infected wood heat treatment-microwave-heat preservation three-stage treatment can save time, and compared with single microwave treatment, the microwave treatment can save microwave time and reduce energy consumption.

Detailed Description

Example 1

(1) Cutting the pine wood nematode disease wood into square strips or plates, placing the wood square strips or plates into an insulation box 1 for preheating treatment, wherein according to a temperature control system in the insulation box 1, the preheating treatment time is 25 minutes, and the preheating treatment environment temperature is maintained at 50 ℃ so that the central temperature of the wood square strips or plates reaches 35 ℃;

(2) flatly spreading the epidemic wood square strips or plates subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) in a single layer mode to an input port of a shaft-roller type microwave treatment system, and enabling the epidemic wood square strips or plates to enter a microwave oven chamber through a conveyor belt to be subjected to microwave treatment for 3 minutes to enable the central temperature of the epidemic wood square strips or plates to reach 59 ℃;

(3) and (3) putting the wood squared strip or the plate subjected to microwave treatment in the step (2) into an insulation box 2 for insulation, wherein the insulation treatment time is 30 minutes, and the insulation treatment environment temperature is maintained at 65 ℃ to obtain the treated wood squared strip or the plate. The killing rate of pine wood nematode and vector insect is 100%.

Example 2

(1) Cutting the pine wood nematode disease wood into square strips or plates, placing the wood square strips or plates into an insulation box 1 for preheating treatment, wherein according to a temperature control system in the insulation box 1, the preheating treatment time is 40 minutes, the preheating treatment environment temperature is maintained at 50 ℃, and the central temperature of the wood square strips or plates reaches 35 ℃;

(2) flatly spreading the epidemic wood square strips or plates subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) in a single layer mode to an input port of a shaft-roller type microwave treatment system, and enabling the epidemic wood square strips or plates to enter a microwave oven chamber through a conveyor belt to be subjected to microwave treatment for 4 minutes to enable the central temperature of the epidemic wood square strips or plates to reach 59 ℃;

(3) and (3) putting the wood squared strip or the plate subjected to microwave treatment in the step (2) into an insulation box 2 for insulation, wherein the insulation treatment time is 30 minutes, and the insulation treatment environment temperature is maintained at 65 ℃ to obtain the treated wood squared strip or the plate. The killing rate of pine wood nematode and vector insect is 100%.

Example 3

(1) Cutting the pine wood nematode disease wood into square strips or plates, placing the wood square strips or plates into an insulation box 1 for preheating treatment, wherein according to a temperature control system in the insulation box 1, the preheating treatment time is 40 minutes, the preheating treatment environment temperature is maintained at 50 ℃, and the central temperature of the wood square strips or plates reaches 40 ℃;

(2) flatly spreading the epidemic wood square strips or plates subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) in a single layer mode to an input port of a shaft-roller type microwave treatment system, and enabling the epidemic wood square strips or plates to enter a microwave oven chamber through a conveyor belt to be subjected to microwave treatment for 5.5 minutes to enable the central temperature of the epidemic wood square strips or plates to reach 59 ℃;

(3) and (3) putting the wood squared strip or the plate subjected to microwave treatment in the step (2) into an insulation box 2 for insulation, wherein the insulation treatment time is 30 minutes, and the insulation treatment environment temperature is maintained at 65 ℃ to obtain the treated wood squared strip or the plate. The killing rate of pine wood nematode and vector insect is 100%.

The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate one of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.